University of Malawi

PIPELINE SYSTEMS

By
Sylvester Richard Chikabvumbwa
MUBAS, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil
Engineering .
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 CONTENT
By the end of the topic, students should be able to:
 Understand the hydraulic and detailed design
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aspects of a pipeline

 Be able to estimate the discharges for series,

parallel, branching and networked pipe systems

 Understand the basic elements in designing

pumping main pipelines

 Understand the role of various surge protection

techniques 2
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DESIGN OF A SIMPLE PIPE SYSTEM

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 ASPECTS OF DESIGN

 Broadly, there are two aspects to the design of this

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system:
(a) Hydraulic calculations
(b) Detail design
 Hydraulic Calculations:
 Determine pipe diameter for the available
head and required discharge
 Know proposed fittings and valves for the
estimation of local losses
 Find maximum and minimum pressures
(visualised by EGL and HGL)
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  Detailed Design
 Pipeline material, pressure rating and jointing
system
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 Provision of valves, bends, fittings and thrust

blocks
 Locations of any necessary air valves and
washouts

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 LOCATING PIPE COMPONENTS

 Air
Valves and  Thrust blocks
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Washouts  Thrust blocks should

 Air valves should be be provided at all
provided at all high fittings where a
points in a water change of velocity or
main. flow direction
 Washouts are occurs.
normally placed at
all low points.

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 GRADELINES (EGL VS HGL)
 The usefulness of the hydraulic gradient lies in the
fact that it represents the height to which water
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would rise in a standpipe.

 If the hydraulic gradient is below the pipe, then there
is sub-atmospheric pressure at that point causing
cavitation.

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 University of Malawi GRADELINES

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 REMEMBER!!!!!!!!
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EXAMPLE

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 MOODY CHART
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MOODY BARR

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 University of Malawi HRS CHART

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SERIES, PARALLEL AND BRANCHED

PIPE SYSTEMS

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 SERIES
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PARALLEL

BRANCHED
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University of Malawi SERIES PIPELINE SYSTEM

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 PARALLEL PIPELINE SYSTEM
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University of Malawi BRANCHED PIPELINE SYSTEM

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University of Malawi BRANCHED PIPELINE SYSTEM

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OR

END RESULT IS A SYSTEM OF FOUR

SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS THAT CAN BE
SOLVED BY EES OR MATLAB OR R OR
EXCEL 18
 EXAMPLE
 Given the following data for the system shown in
Figure below, calculate the discharge and the
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pressure head at the junction J.

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 University of Malawi

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 University of Malawi SKETCH

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 SOLUTION
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NOT
CORRECT 22
 This is not the correct solution. A better guess would be
achieved by reducing HJ, hence reducing Q3 and
increasing Q1 and Q2

 At Hj=740 m
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 At Hj=735 m

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