Raya Rar) (27AJTTFT

FXpove that
prove that he Janent plank ob he Jurbacn uyz=a
@noHe co-eroinate plonasbouro aten-trtakfhan
ob Comstant votumA

F y1)= y - a = 0 -

Equation ok angent Pana_(at oypoint

( IY n

The unbace y Ls

3=0

- 3
VbtuMA 0F ha+oHageron

-3s
qa = lonttant
2
Famau O6 utsace
a parameters

O partamelertu
F 9io ,

ChoraceristátS;

1et F 1 ) be a faniu o surac ith

artaefert a

F, 1 t aj=®
 a pru Ra)

Fy-0

Curt. eb hntensrcdior ob Hha twd Surrba(

giv
0 Ft6a- F0)
a
Tan mit a s Sa-20
e have

Thks Cure i CAChariacterbistic ob*thesurtkace

ith partameter a

ENo10pe
The Leuuk oag Charalteristics ob
aziven
fay o Surbacos
F 7a)=0 wih
parame-tert 'a' t cajtao e1vpe ob Hziven
faMiy_
Equattom o Envejope
The
Pauadion ob envejope ks
ehenading H partarnetert "a" obaínao by
two Oguatiby botwée
F0) Fo
wwhi ch re prasends the fomilyo
Chanatteritice
 pao fa (Matnai)

Theorron
Fnvejo p 0uch ach man bert baniuy.

roos.onvelope
The bAIPO 0 he fami g SurtbadLS*

-
The norona do 0) ás gáven

NO the ayokion ok e enveiope Jrven 2 ) moye

rOgandoo a thsurtbace gve) ba hguahn

F4 1 )=0
nwhich a ks now n0t a tOnstaut b t a

twncion o
1 ivnb
Ft1aj=0-)

The nonMal do, VeAOpe

OFOE

But
 -/9po 0 o?t)
.
o
D
hold probit
doloauar Mo
lo'6)
( 10
 SO bort the point ob intorseohon
w have

E qua

pLeri nodina c forM