OPERATING SYSTEMS

ROUND ROBIN SCHEDULING

abhishek,Soma & Swastik presents

Submitted to,
Abhishek Hazra
B. Sc. Data Science
Birla Global University
 Introduction

What is Round Robin Scheduling? Advantages

Characteristics of RRS
Implementation of RRS
Example
 What is Roblin Round Scheduling?
Round Robin is a CPU scheduling algorithm where each
process is assigned a fixed time slot in a cyclic way. It is
basically the preemptive version of First come First Serve
CPU Scheduling algorithm.

It focuses on Time Sharing technique

A small unit of time, called a time

quantum or time slice, is defined
(generally from 10 to 100 milliseconds)
 Characteristics
It is simple, easy to implement, and starvation-
free as all processes get fair share of CPU

one of the most commonly used technique in

CPU scheduling as a core

It is preemptive as processes are assigned CPU

only for a fixed slice of time at most
Implementation of RRS:

We keep the ready queue as FIFO queue of

processes.

New processes are added to the tail of the

ready queue.

The CPU schedular picks the first process

from the ready queue, sets a timer to
interrupt after 1 time quantum, and
dispatches the process.
 One of two things will
then happen

The CPU burst of the currently running process is < 1

This Process may have a CPU burst of > 1 time quantum time quantum, the timer will go off and will cause an
interrupt to the O.S.

The process itself will release the CPU voluntarily A context switch will be executed, and the process
will be put at the tail of the ready queue

The CPU scheduler will then proceed to the next

process in the ready queue The CPU scheduler will then select the next process in
the ready queue
 Example
Consider the following set of processes arrive at time 0, with the length of the CPU burst
given in milliseconds and time quantum taken as 4 milliseconds for RR Scheduling:

Process ID Burst Time

P1 24

P2 3

P3 3
Gantt chart:
0 4 7 10 14 18 22 26 30

P1 P2 P3 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1

Method 1:
Turn Around Time = Completion time - Arrival time
Waiting Time = Turn Around time - Burst time

Process Completion Turnaround Waiting

ID Time Time Time

P1 30 30 - 0 = 30 30 - 24 = 6

P2 7 7-0=7 7-3=4

P3 10 10 - 0 = 10 10 - 3 = 7
Average Turn Around time:
= ( 30 + 7 + 10) / 3
= 47 / 3 = 15.66 ms

Average Waiting time:

= ( 6 + 4 + 7) /3
= 17 / 3 = 5.66 ms
Method 2:
Waiting Time = Last Start Time - Arrival Time - (Preemption * Time Quantum)

Process Average Waiting time:

Waiting Time
Id = ( 6 + 4 + 7) /3
= 17 / 3 = 5.66 ms
P1 26 - 0 - (5*4) = 6

P2 4 - 0 - (0*4) = 4

P3 7 - 0 - (0*4) = 7
THANK YOU