OĞUZKAAN PRIMARY SCHOOL

2023-2024 ACADEMIC YEAR

FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT
GRADE 5.1– MAIN COURSE COMMON QUIZ 1-2
HELPFUL TIPS
Dear Students,
Please study the following grammatical structures / vocabulary for the approaching English quiz.

Grade: 5.1
Book / Units: iExplore 1 / Units 3-4-5-6-7
Quiz Date: 19.12.2023

SECTION 1: LISTENING  You will listen to a passage and answer the related questions.
SECTION 2: READING  You’ll read a passage and answer the related questions.
SECTION 3: VOCABULARY  You’ll study Units 3-4-5-6-7 from your Student’s Book and Workbook.
For example: museum, rice, goldfish, bat, hedgehog, cupboard, street, grocery, vegetable, garden, kitchen, living
room, bedroom, bathroom…
SECTION 4: GRAMMAR
A – An – The
“A” and “an” are indefinite articles and are typically used when introducing something or someone for the first
time.
“A” is used before words that begin with a consonant sound: a cat, a house…
“An” is used before words that begin with a vowel sound: an apple, an hour…
“The” is a definite article and is used when we are referring to a specific thing or person that is already known or
has been mentioned before. It is used for both singular and plural nouns: the cat, the houses…
We also use “the” when there is only one of something: the sun, the president…
Do not use “a” or “an” with non-countable nouns (e.g., water, air) or abstract concepts (e.g., love, happiness).
Sometimes, no article is used, especially with plural and uncountable nouns when referring to general ideas:
“Dogs are loyal animals.”, “Love is important.”

More Examples:
 Would you like an apple?  We went to the zoo and saw the kangaroos.
 Do you have a cat?  I ate an apple yesterday. The apple was juicy and
 I saw a good film yesterday. delicious.

How Many – How Much

“How many” and “how much” are both questions used to inquire about the quantity or amount of something, but
they are used in different contexts based on whether the noun is countable or uncountable.
“How many” is used with countable nouns, which are items that can be counted as separate units.
Examples:
 How many apples are there?  How many friends do you have?
 How many students are in the class?  How many books did you read?

“How much” is used with uncountable nouns, which represent things that cannot be easily counted as individual
units.
Examples:
 How much water is in the bottle?  How much joy your letter brought me!
 How much money do you have?  How much time do we have?

In summary, use “how many” when you are asking about a quantity of countable items, and use “how much”
when inquiring about the amount of something that is uncountable.

Some – Any
“Some” and “any” are both determiners used to describe the quantity or degree of something. However, they are
used in different contexts.
 “Some” is used in positive or affirmative statements when the speaker believes the quantity is not zero and wants
to convey a positive or indefinite amount.
Examples:
 I have some friends in the city.  There is some milk in the refrigerator.

“Any” is often used in questions or negative sentences when the speaker is unsure or expects a negative answer. It
is also used in offers and requests.
Examples:
 Do you have any plans for the weekend?  Is there any coffee in the cup?
 I don't have any money right now.  I couldn’t find any biscuits.

Exceptions: In affirmative sentences, “some” is used when the quantity is not specific but considered positive.
For example: She wants some help with her project.

In questions and negative sentences, “any” is used when the speaker is asking about or negating an indefinite or
unknown quantity.
For example: Is there any ice cream left?

In summary, use “some” in affirmative statements, and use “any” in questions, negatives, and when the quantity is
indefinite or unknown.

A lot of
“A lot of” is a phrase that is used to indicate a large quantity or amount of something. It can be used with both
countable and uncountable nouns.
“A lot of” is used before countable nouns:
Examples:
 I have a lot of friends.  There are a lot of books on the shelf.

“A lot of” is also used before uncountable nouns:

Examples:
 There's a lot of sugar in the bowl.  She drinks a lot of water every day.

Containers for Foods and Drinks

Containers for foods and drinks come in various shapes, sizes, and materials, designed to suit different types of
products.
Cans: Commonly used for beverages like soda, canned fruits or vegetables. Typically made of aluminium or steel.
Bottles: Used for a wide range of beverages such as water, juice, soft drinks, and beverages. Materials include
glass and various types of plastics.
Cartons: Used for packaging liquids such as milk, juice, and soup. Made of paperboard and often coated with
plastic or wax.
Jars: Suitable for preserving foods like jams, pickles, and sauces. Made of glass or plastic.
Boxes and Cartons: Used for dry goods such as cereal, pasta, and tea bags. Made of cardboard or paperboard.
These are just a few examples, and the choice of container depends on the type of food or drink being packaged,
its shelf-life requirements, and environmental considerations. Packaging plays a crucial role in protecting and
preserving the quality of the contents while providing convenience for consumers.
Examples:
 A bar of chocolate  A jar of jam  A slice of pizza
 A carton of juice  A packet of biscuits

Comparatives
Comparatives are used in English to compare the differences in quality, quantity, or degree between two or more
things.
For most adjectives, you can form comparatives by adding “-er” to the end of the adjective.
For example:
 Tall → Taller  Fast → Faster

If the adjective ends in a silent “e,” you usually drop the “e” and add “-er”:
For example:
 Large → Larger  Brave → Braver
 For one-syllable adjectives ending in a single consonant after a single vowel, double the final consonant before
adding “-er”:
For example:
 Big → Bigger  Hot → Hotter

Some adjectives have irregular comparative forms:

For example: Far → Farther (for physical distance) or Further (for figurative distance)
 Good → Better  Bad → Worse

Comparatives are used to compare two things:

Examples:
 This book is longer than that one.  My house is smaller than yours.

“Than” is often used to introduce the second part of the comparison.

For example: She is more patient than her sister.

For longer adjectives (those with two or more syllables), you often use “more” or “less” before the adjective
instead of adding “-er”:
For example:
 Beautiful → More beautiful  Expensive → Less expensive

Superlatives
Superlatives are used in English to express the highest degree of a quality among three or more items. They are
often formed by adding “-est” to the end of the adjective or by using the word "most" before the adjective.

For most one-syllable adjectives, you can form the superlative by adding “-est” to the end of the adjective.
For example:
 Tall → Tallest  Fast → Fastest

For one-syllable adjectives ending in a single consonant after a single vowel, double the final consonant before
adding “-est”.
For example:
 Big → Biggest  Hot → Hottest

For adjectives with two or more syllables, use “most” before the adjective:
For example:
 Beautiful → Most beautiful  Expensive → Most expensive

Some adjectives have irregular superlative forms:

For example: Far → Farthest (for physical distance) or Furthest (for figurative distance)
 Good → Best  Bad → Worst

Superlatives are used to compare three or more things, expressing the highest degree of a quality:
Examples:
 Mount Everest is the tallest mountain in the world.  That was the most exciting movie I've ever seen.

“The” is often used before the superlative form of the adjective:

Examples:
 She is the fastest runner on the team.  This is the best restaurant in town.

More Examples:
 She is two years older than me.
 He is a better player than Ronaldo.
 Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
 Audrey is more beautiful than Jenny.
 Emma’s new cardigan is smaller than her old
cardigan.
 Mona’s new trousers are larger than the trousers
she usually wears.
 New York is much bigger than Boston.
 It was the happiest day of my life.
 Harry’s sweater is the longest one of three.
 Lee has got the best grades in the class.
 This is the most expensive bracelet in the shop.
 That’s the best film I have seen this year.
Past Simple Tense
The Past Simple Tense, also known as the Simple Past Tense, is used to describe completed actions or events
that happened at a specific point in the past.

For regular verbs, the past simple tense is formed by adding “-ed” to the base form of the verb.
For example: Walk (base form) → Walked (past simple)

Irregular verbs have unique past tense forms that do not follow the regular “-ed” pattern. These verbs need to
be memorized.
For example: Go (base form) → Went (past simple) Have (base form) → Had (past simple)

The past simple tense is used to talk about actions that were completed in the past and are no longer
happening.
For example: I visited Paris last summer.

It can also be used to describe past habits or routines that are not continued in the present.
For example: She always walked to school when she was a child.

When narrating a series of events in the past, the past simple tense is used to indicate the order in which they
occurred.
For example: First, I woke up; then, I had breakfast.

It can be used to describe a state or condition that existed in the past. For example: She was very happy about
the news.

Words and phrases such as yesterday, last week, in 1990, two days ago, etc., are commonly used with the past
simple tense.
For example: We went to the beach yesterday.

Use “did not” (didn't) + base form of the verb.

For example: I didn't watch TV last night.

Use “did” + subject + base form of the verb.

For example: Did you finish your homework?

Remember that the past simple tense is used for actions that are completely finished in the past, and it does not
have a connection to the present.
Examples:
 I played tennis with my sister.  He ate chicken for dinner.  She didn’t do her homework.

SECTION 5: WRITING
Write an essay about your favourite restaurant.
Paragraph 1: Where is the restaurant?
Paragraph 2: What is the opening hour? How is the atmosphere?
Paragraph 3: What is your favourite food in this restaurant?

For example:
My Favourite Restaurant: A Cozy Corner
My favourite restaurant, "Sunny Bites," is located right in the heart of town. Situated on Main Street, it's
super easy to find, making it a go-to spot for both locals and visitors alike.
"Sunny Bites" opens its doors early at 8 AM and stays welcoming until 10 PM. The atmosphere is just
fantastic – it's like stepping into a cozy corner of happiness. With warm lighting and cheerful decor, the restaurant
feels like a home away from home.
When it comes to food, my absolute favourite at "Sunny Bites" is their classic breakfast special – fluffy
pancakes served with a generous drizzle of maple syrup. It's a dish that never fails to bring a smile to my face. The
staff is friendly and always ready to make your dining experience a joy. From the first bite to the last, "Sunny Bites"
has a way of making every meal feel like a delightful treat.
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FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT