Chronic

Kidney
Diseases
Presented By
Arfin Panna
Sabrina Ayrin
Amena Khatun Jui
A.T.M Shahriar Hakim
 INTRODUCTION
Kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread and progressive medical condition
that affects the kidneys ability to filter waste and excess fluids from the
blood. It often develops slowly over an extended period and remain
asymptomatic in its early stages. The CKD has 5 stages based on the normal
kidney function, with the final kidney stages requiring dialysis or
transplantation. Common risk factors include diabetes, high blood pressure
and family history.

Normal functions of the kidney are to regulate normal blood pressure by

controlling blood volume and secreting renin. Primary function of kidney is
to filter 120-150 quarts of blood daily to remove waste products such as
creatinine, urea, excess ion etc.

The progressive condition of this kidney disease harms the normal kidney
functions of a person .
Types Of CKD/ Different Stages of CKD
 Symptoms of the Disease
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Fatigue and weakness
• Insomnia
• Hypertension
• Shortness of breath
• Dry and itchy skins
• Improper urination
 Causes of chronic kidney disease

1. Diabetes
2. Hypertension
3. Family History
4. Cardiovascular disease
5. Smoking
6. Obesity
7. Urinary tract and kidney infection and kidney stone
formation increase CKD risk
 How CKD Can Be
Diagnose?
Different tests for the diagnose of chronic kidney diseases are:
• Blood Test-
1.High levels of creatine and blood urea nitrogen [BUN] indicates
kidney dysfunction.
2. Detection of abnormal levels of electrolyte from blood

• Urine Test- Urinalysis to detect protein, blood or unusual substances

• Imaging Test- Ultrasound, CT scans and MRI to visualize kidney and

identify its structural abnormalities
 How CKD Can Be
Diagnose?
Different tests for the diagnose of chronic kidney diseases are:
• Blood Test-
1.High levels of creatine and blood urea nitrogen [BUN] indicates
kidney dysfunction.
2. Detection of abnormal levels of electrolyte from blood

• Urine Test- Urinalysis to detect protein, blood or unusual substances

• Imaging Test- Ultrasound, CT scans and MRI to visualize kidney and

identify its structural abnormalities
 How CKD Can Be
Diagnose?
Different tests for the diagnose of chronic kidney diseases are:
• Blood Test-
1.High levels of creatine and blood urea nitrogen [BUN] indicates
kidney dysfunction.
2. Detection of abnormal levels of electrolyte from blood

• Urine Test- Urinalysis to detect protein, blood or unusual substances

• Imaging Test- Ultrasound, CT scans and MRI to visualize kidney and

identify its structural abnormalities
Treatment

❖ Change lifestyle

❖ Do proper medications

❖ Proper treatment and dialysis

❖ If a person can afford the cost and if needed then

talk to a doctor for kidney transplantation.

 Prevention
Prevention
❑Maintain a healthy
balanced diet.
❑Stay hydrated but
monitor fluid intake.
❑Control stress through
relaxation techniques.
❑Engage in regular
physical activity to
manage weight
❑Avoid excess alcohol
and avoid smoking.
Describe A Chart to the causes for
CKD
 Conclusion
Chronic kidney disease poses a real threat to our health,
challenges our well being, impacting millions globally. Early
detection and proactive management are key to mitigating its
effects. By raising awareness and promoting lifestyle changes. We
can reduce the burden of CKD and improve the quality of life
Thank YOU
 Any
Questions
 References
1. "What Is Chronic Kidney Disease?". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases. June 2017.

2. Weckmann GF, Stracke S, Haase A, Spallek J, Ludwig F, Angelow A, et al. (October

2018). "Diagnosis and management of non-dialysis chronic kidney disease in
ambulatory care: a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines". BMC Nephrology.
19 (1): 258. doi:10.1186/s12882-018-1048-5. PMC 6180496. PMID 30305035.

3. "Chronic Kidney Disease". Cornell University College of

Veterinary Medicine. 2017-10-16.

4. Sarnak MJ, Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, Coresh J, Culleton B, Hamm LL, et al. (October 2003). "Kidney
disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: a statement from the American Heart
Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical
Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention". Circulation. 108 (17): 2154–69.
doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000095676.90936.80. PMID 14581387