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  • Relay Basics and DIY

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    Junior Elimeelogodavejunior
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    This document provides instructions for building a basic relay circuit using common electronic components. It explains that relays allow low-voltage circuits to control high-voltage devices by using electromagnetic induction to switch connections. The circuit described uses a transistor to amplify a microcontroller's output to a level that can activate a relay coil, with a diode to protect from back EMF. Learners are guided through each step of assembling the circuit on a breadboard or perf board, with diagrams to illustrate the wiring. The completed circuit takes a microcontroller signal and uses it to switch the connection of a relay's normally open pins.

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    This document provides instructions for building a basic relay circuit using common electronic components. It explains that relays allow low-voltage circuits to control high-voltage devices by using electromagnetic induction to switch connections. The circuit described uses a transistor to amplify a microcontroller's output to a level that can activate a relay coil, with a diode to protect from back EMF. Learners are guided through each step of assembling the circuit on a breadboard or perf board, with diagrams to illustrate the wiring. The completed circuit takes a microcontroller signal and uses it to switch the connection of a relay's normally open pins.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    11 views6 pages

    Relay Basics and DIY

    Uploaded by

    Junior Elimeelogodavejunior
    This document provides instructions for building a basic relay circuit using common electronic components. It explains that relays allow low-voltage circuits to control high-voltage devices by using electromagnetic induction to switch connections. The circuit described uses a transistor to amplify a microcontroller's output to a level that can activate a relay coil, with a diode to protect from back EMF. Learners are guided through each step of assembling the circuit on a breadboard or perf board, with diagrams to illustrate the wiring. The completed circuit takes a microcontroller signal and uses it to switch the connection of a relay's normally open pins.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    of 6

    instructables

    Relay: Basics and DIY

    by SHAMSUDHEEN MARAKKAR

    Hello Friends, voltage level circuit. Just like controlling a 230 VAC
    bulb with a 5 V DC output of a microcontroller.Relays
    This instructable deals with electromagnetic relays. play a very crucial role in many categories of
    They are electromagnetic switches working based on electronic circuits.
    the principle electromagnetic induction.
    For more information about relays, go through this.
    E-M Relays are used where any circuit with a
    different voltage level has to be controlled using a low

    Relay: Basics and DIY: Page 1


    Step 1: Collect the Things Needed.

    For doing this, we need:

    5 V relay.
    BC 547 transistor.
    1N 4007 diode.
    Perf board/Universal PCB.
    LED.
    4.7 Kohms resistor.
    470 ohms resistor.
    Terminal connector.

    Relay: Basics and DIY: Page 2


    Step 2: Know the Relay.

    Electromagnetic relays work based on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

    When the voltage is applied to the coil, it magnetizes the core and pulls the switch closed.

    NC: a normally closed connection which already closed even before applying the voltage.

    NO: a normally open connection which is closed when the voltage is applied.

    Relay: Basics and DIY: Page 3


    Step 3: Make the Circuit.

    The circuit consists of LED with a series current limiting resistor. And transistor BC 547 for increasing the
    microcontroller output current to a high value for the relay coil. The diode 1N 4007/4001 is connected across the
    relay coil to protect the transistor from back emf of the coil.

    To do this circuit on the board, we need to:

    Cut a piece of perf board.


    Mark on the board as shown in the pictures
    Solder the 470 ohms resistor as shown and the LED.
    Solder the 547 transistor.
    Solder the 4.7 kohms resistor with one led to the input end and the other to the middle pin of the
    transistor.
    Solder the relay. Connect one end of the coil to the collector pin of the 547 transistor and leave the
    other end free.
    Solder the diode across the relay as shown.
    Solder a 2 pin terminal connector near the relay.
    Now joint the resistor ends for the input signal.
    Joint the negative pin of the LED and emitter pin of the transistor.
    Connect the common pin and the NO pins of the relay to the terminal connector.

    Now we have to take 3 wires out.

    1. Solder a red wire to the one end of the relay coil (the one we left). This is the Vcc.
    2. Solder a black wire to the point where emitter pin of the transistor and negative of the led meets.
    This is the Ground.
    3. Solder one more wire to the point where both the resistors meets.

    Strictly follow the steps and the pictures attached.

    Relay: Basics and DIY: Page 4


    Relay: Basics and DIY: Page 5
    Step 4: We Done.

    That is how we did this DIY.

    The wires colored red, black and green are for the Vcc supply, the ground, and the microcontroller signal
    respectively.

    I wish this could help for your DIY projects, Thanks, and Happy making :)

    Relay: Basics and DIY: Page 6

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