TUTORIAL 6

IP ADDRESSING

Name : Esmael Aliyi Uta

Student ID : AIU22102300

1. Explain the differences between Class A, Class B and Class C IP addresses.

 Class A is used in giant organizations, class B is used in large campuses or organizations while
class c is used in small to mid-sized businesses.
 Format: class A = 0 – 126.x.x.x, class B= 128 - 191.x.x.x, class C = 192-232.x.x.x
 In class A, the first octet is assigned to the owner, with the rest being freely distributable to the
nodes. In class B, the first two octets are assigned to the address block owner, with the last two
being freely distributable. While in class C, the first three octets are assigned, with the last being
freely distributable.

2. Describe THREE (3) types of reserved addresses.

 Private Networks (no public connections)
 127.x.x.x – local network (loopback)
 255.255.255.255 – broadcast – sends to everyone on the network.

3. What is meant by packet fragmentation?

 To optimize packet lengths for various communication links, IP offers network elements (routers
and firewalls) the ability to slice up packets into smaller pieces, a process called fragmentation.
 The end system’s or the recipient’s IP layer (network layer) is responsible for reassembling all
fragments.

4. Explain what is meant by dynamic routing.

 Dynamic routing refers to the process by which routers exchange information with each other to
automatically calculate and update the best path for forwarding network traffic.

5. Describe the functions and purposes of implementing firewalls.

 Used to control the flow of traffic going between networks. (Network traffic cops.)
 By looking at addresses associated with traffic, firewalls determine whether connections should be
transmitted or dropped.