El Sheet Elly Da3 2023

2023
El Hakim Academy – 2023 www.elhakimacademy.com
Trigonometry
In right angled triangle
𝒐𝒑𝒑 𝒂𝒅𝒋 𝒐𝒑𝒑
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜭 = , 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭 = , 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜭 =
𝒉𝒚𝒑 𝒉𝒚𝒑 𝒂𝒅𝒋
In any triangle
𝒂 𝒃 𝒄
= = ( 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒆 𝑳𝒂𝒘)
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑪
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝒃𝟐 +𝒄𝟐 −𝒂𝟐
𝒂 = 𝒃 + 𝒄 − 𝟐𝒃𝒄𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑨 𝑶𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑨 = ( 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒆 𝑳𝒂𝒘)
𝟐𝒃𝒄
In the circle:
𝒍 𝒍
𝜭𝒓𝒂𝒅 = , 𝒓 = , 𝒍 = 𝒓. 𝜭𝒓𝒂𝒅
𝒓 𝜭𝒓𝒂𝒅
The quadrants

𝟏𝐬𝐭 𝐪𝐮𝐚𝐝 𝚹 𝟎, 
𝟐
 𝟎°
𝟐𝐧𝐝 𝐪𝐮𝐚𝐝 𝚹  , 
𝟐
2𝜋
𝟑
𝟑𝐫𝐝 𝐪𝐮𝐚𝐝 𝚹 , 
𝟐
𝟑
𝟒𝐭𝐡 𝐪𝐮𝐚𝐝 𝚹  , 𝟐
𝟐
Relations of the trig. Functions:
𝐬𝐢𝐧𝚹 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝚹 𝟏 𝟏
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜭 = 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝜭 = 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝜭 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜭 =
𝐜𝐨𝐬𝚹 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝚹 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝚹 𝐜𝐨𝐭𝚹
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜭 = 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜭 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜭 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜭 =
𝐬𝐢𝐧𝚹 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝚹 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜𝚹 𝐬𝐞𝐜𝚹
1 Mr. ABD EL HAKIM RASHED

𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟗𝟎° − 𝜭) = 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭 𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟗𝟎° + 𝜭) = 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭

𝑪𝒐𝒔 (𝟗𝟎° − 𝜭) = 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜭 𝑪𝒐𝒔 (𝟗𝟎° + 𝜭) = − 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜭
𝒕𝒂𝒏 (𝟗𝟎° − 𝜭) = 𝑪𝒐𝒕𝜭 𝒕𝒂𝒏 (𝟗𝟎° + 𝜭) = − 𝑪𝒐𝒕𝜭
𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝜭) = 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜭 𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟏𝟖𝟎° + 𝜭) = − 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜭

𝑪𝒐𝒔(𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝜭) = − 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭 𝑪𝒐𝒔 (𝟏𝟖𝟎° + 𝜭) = − 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭
𝒕𝒂𝒏 (𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝜭) = − 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜭 𝒕𝒂𝒏 (𝟏𝟖𝟎° + 𝜭) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜭
𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟐𝟕𝟎° − 𝜭) = − 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭 𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟐𝟕𝟎° + 𝜭) = − 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭

𝑪𝒐𝒔 (𝟐𝟕𝟎° − 𝜭) = − 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜭 𝑪𝒐𝒔 (𝟐𝟕𝟎° + 𝜭) = 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜭
𝒕𝒂𝒏 (𝟐𝟕𝟎° − 𝜭) = 𝑪𝒐𝒕𝜭 𝒕𝒂𝒏 (𝟐𝟕𝟎° + 𝜭) = − 𝑪𝒐𝒕𝜭
𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟐𝒏 − 𝜭) = 𝑺𝒊𝒏 (−𝜭) = − 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜭 (𝒏𝒁)

𝑪𝒐𝒔 (𝟐𝒏 − 𝜭) = 𝑪𝒐𝒔 (−𝜭) = 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭 (𝒏𝒁)
𝒕𝒂𝒏 (𝟐𝒏 − 𝜭) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 (−𝜭) =
− 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜭 (𝒏𝒁)
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝜭 + 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝜭 = 𝟏
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝜭 + 𝟏 = 𝑺𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝜭
𝟏 + 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝟐 𝜭 = 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝜭
𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝑨 ± 𝑩) = 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑩 ± 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑨 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑩

𝑪𝒐𝒔 (𝑨 ± 𝑩) = 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑨 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑩 ∓ 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑩
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑨 ± 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑩
𝒕𝒂𝒏 (𝑨 ± 𝑩) =
𝟏 ∓ 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑨 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑩
𝟐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑨
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝟐𝑨 = 𝟐𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑨 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐𝑨 =
𝟏 − 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝑨
𝑪𝒐𝒔𝟐𝑨 = 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝑨 − 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝑨
𝟏 𝟏
= 𝟐𝑪𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝑨 − 𝟏 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝑨 = + 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝟐𝑨
𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝟏
= 𝟏 − 𝟐𝑺𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝑨 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝑨 = − 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝟐𝑨
𝟐 𝟐

Differentiation
𝒙𝒏 −𝒂𝒏 𝒏 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒂𝒙 𝒂
𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒙𝒎 −𝒂𝒎= 𝒎 (𝒂)𝒏−𝒎 𝒍𝒊𝒎 =𝒃
𝒙→𝒂 𝒙→𝟎 𝒃𝒙
𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒂𝒙 𝒂 𝟏
𝒍𝒊𝒎 =𝒃 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒙 = 𝟎
𝒙→𝟎 𝒃𝒙 𝒙→∞
▪ Variation = 𝑣(ℎ) = 𝑓 (𝑥2 ) - 𝑓 (𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) - 𝑓(𝑥 )

𝑓(𝑥2 ) − 𝑓(𝑥1 ) 𝑓(𝑥+ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥)
▪ Average variation = 𝐴(ℎ)= =
ℎ ℎ
𝑓(𝑥+ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑦
▪ Rate of change = lim = 𝒇′(𝒙) = =Slope of tangent.
ℎ→0 ℎ 𝑑𝑥
▪ The function 𝒇(𝒙)is differentiable at 𝒙 = 𝒂 if :
𝒇(𝒂+𝒉)−𝒇(𝒂)
𝒇′(𝒂) 𝒆𝒙𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒔 Or 𝒇′(𝒂+ ) = 𝒇′(𝒂− ) Or 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒆𝒙𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒔
𝒉→𝟎 𝒉
Rules of derivative
If 𝑓 (𝑥 )= 𝑎 ∴ 𝑓 (́ 𝑥 )= 0 , 𝑎R
If 𝑓 (𝑥 )=𝑥 𝑛 ∴ 𝑓 (́ 𝑥 )= 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1
If 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑥 ). 𝑟(𝑥 ) ∴ 𝑓 (́ 𝑥 )= 𝑔 (́ 𝑥 ). 𝑟(𝑥 ) + 𝑟 (́ 𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥 )

𝑔(𝑥) 𝑟(𝑥).𝑔 (́ 𝑥)−𝑔(𝑥).𝑟 (́ 𝑥)
If 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = ∴ 𝑓 (́ 𝑥 )=
𝑟(𝑥) [𝑟(𝑥)]2
𝑑𝑦
If 𝑦 = [𝑓(𝑥 )]𝑛 ∴ = 𝑛[𝑓(𝑥 )]𝑛−1 . 𝑓 (́ 𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑧
▪ = .
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
▪ (𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝑢) = 𝑢 𝐶
́ 𝑜𝑠 𝑢
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
▪ (𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑢) = −𝑢 𝑆́ 𝑖𝑛 𝑢
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
▪ ( ́
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑢) = 𝑢 𝑆 𝑒𝑐2 𝑢
𝑑𝑥

▪ Any differentiable function at 𝒙 = 𝒂 is contionous at 𝒙 = 𝒂 ,but any

continuous function at 𝒙 = 𝒂 may be differentiable at 𝒙 = 𝒂 or not
Integration
𝒅
∫ (𝒇(𝒙)) 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒇(𝒙) + 𝒄
𝒅𝒙
∫ 𝒂 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒂𝒙 + 𝒄 (𝒂 ∈ 𝑹)
𝒏
𝒙𝒏+𝟏
∫ 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = +𝒄 (𝒏 ≠ −𝟏)
𝒏+𝟏
(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃)𝒏+𝟏
∫(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃 )𝒏 𝒅𝒙 = +𝒄 (𝒏 ≠ −𝟏)
𝒂(𝒏 + 𝟏)
(𝒇(𝒙))𝒏+𝟏
∫(𝒇(𝒙) )𝒏 𝒇′(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 = +𝒄 (𝒏 ≠ −𝟏)
(𝒏 + 𝟏)
−𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃)
∫ 𝒔𝒊𝒏 (𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃)𝒅𝒙 = +𝒄
𝒂
𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃)
∫ 𝒄𝒐𝒔 (𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃)𝒅𝒙 = +𝒄
𝒂
𝒕𝒂𝒏(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃)
∫ 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 (𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃)𝒅𝒙 = +𝒄
𝒂
𝒅
∫ 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 = 𝒇(𝒙)
𝒅𝒙

Algebra
Factorization:
𝒙 𝟐 – 𝒚𝟐 = (𝒙 − 𝒚)(𝒙 + 𝒚)
𝒙𝟑 – 𝒚𝟑 = (𝒙 − 𝒚)(𝒙𝟐 + 𝒙𝒚 + 𝒚𝟐 )
𝒙𝟑 + 𝒚𝟑 = (𝒙 + 𝒚)(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝒚 + 𝒚𝟐 )
𝑨𝟏 𝑩𝟏
If 𝑨 ∝ 𝑩 then: = Or 𝑨 = 𝑲𝑩 (K is constant)
𝑨𝟐 𝑩𝟐
If ,  are the roots of second degree equation then this equation is :

𝒙𝟐 – ( +  )𝒙 +  = 𝟎
−𝒃±√𝒃𝟐 −𝟒𝒂𝒄
If 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎 , then: x =
𝟐𝒂
−𝐛
1- The sum of its roots = .
𝐚
𝐜
2- Its products of roots = .
𝐚
3- If this equation has no solution, so 𝒃𝟐 − 𝟒𝒂𝒄 ≤ 𝟎
The absolute of a real number

𝒙 , 𝒙 𝟎 𝒙−𝒂 , 𝒙 𝒂
|𝒙|= {𝟎 ,𝒙 = 𝟎 , |𝒙 − 𝒂|= { 𝟎 ,𝒙 = 𝒂
−𝒙 , 𝒙 𝟎 −𝒙 + 𝒂 , 𝒙 𝒂
So :
I. √𝒙𝟐 = |𝒙|
II. If |𝒙| < 𝒂 ∴ −𝒂 < 𝒙 < 𝒂
III. If |𝒙| > 𝒂 ∴ 𝒙>𝒂 , 𝒙 < −𝒂

𝒂 𝐜
If = , then 𝒂 = 𝒌𝒄 , 𝒃 = 𝒌𝒅 (k is constant)
𝒃 𝐝
𝒂 𝒄 𝒂𝒅+𝒃𝒄
+ = .
𝒃 𝒅 𝒃𝒅
Laws of logarithms
1) If 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒃 = 𝒙 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒂𝒙 = 𝒃 , 𝒂 ∈ 𝑹+ ~{𝟏} , 𝒃 ∈ 𝑹+
2) 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒂 = 𝟏 𝟑) 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙𝒃 = 𝒃 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙
4) 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒚 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙𝒚
𝒙
5) 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒚 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂
𝒚
𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒂
6) 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒃 𝒂 = 𝟕) 𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙 = 𝒙
𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒃
Important Rules:
𝒏 𝒏
𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏)
∑ 𝒌 = 𝒏𝒌 , ∑𝒙 =
𝟐
𝒊=𝟏 𝒊=𝟏
If 𝒂, 𝒃, 𝒄 form arithmetic sequence, then 𝟐𝒃 = 𝒂 + 𝒄

𝒃 𝒄
If 𝒂, 𝒃, 𝒄 form geometric sequence, then =
𝒂 𝒃
𝒎 𝒎
𝒏 𝒏
√𝒙𝒎 = ( √𝒙) = 𝒙 𝒏

The function 𝒇(𝒙) is said to be one to one function If:-

I. 𝒂, 𝒃 ∈ the domain and 𝒇(𝒂) = 𝒇(𝒃) tends to 𝒂 = 𝒃
II. Any horizontal line cuts this function at only one point
So this function is always increasing or always decreasing AS
𝑦 𝑦
𝐿 𝐿
𝐴 𝐵 𝐴
𝑥 𝑥
Not one to one function One to one function

Areas
𝟏
▪ Area of a triangle =
𝟐
𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 × 𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕
𝟏
= 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 × 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 × 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒍𝒖𝒅𝒆𝒅 𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆
𝟐
= √𝑷(𝑷 − 𝒂)(𝑷 − 𝒃)(𝑷 − 𝒄) 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒂, 𝒃, 𝒄 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉𝒔
𝟏
𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑷 = (𝒂 + 𝒃 + 𝒄)
𝟐
𝟏
▪ Area of a square = 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 × 𝒊𝒕𝒔𝒆𝒍𝒇 =
𝟐
𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒕𝒔 𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒈𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍
▪ Area of a rectangle = 𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 × 𝒘𝒊𝒅𝒕𝒉
▪ 𝟏
Area of a rhombus = 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 × 𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 = 𝟐 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒕𝒔 𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒈𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍𝒔
▪ Area of a parallelogram = 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 × 𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕

𝟏
▪ Area of a trapezium = (𝒃𝟏 + 𝒃𝟐 ) × 𝒉
𝟐
▪ Area of circle = 𝝅𝒓𝟐

𝟏 𝟏
▪ Area of circular sector = 𝒍𝒓 = 𝒓𝟐 𝜭𝒓𝒂𝒅
𝟐 𝟐
Premeter of circular sector = 𝟐𝒓 + 𝒍
r
𝟏 𝟐
▪ Area of circular sigment =
𝟐
𝒓 (𝜽𝒓𝒂𝒅 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽) M 𝜃
▪ Area of a sphere = 𝟒𝝅𝒓𝟐
▪ Area of a cube of edge length (𝒙) = 𝟔𝒙𝟐
▪ Lateral area of right circular cylinder = 𝟐𝝅𝒓𝒉

▪ Total area of right circular cylinder = 𝟐𝝅𝒓𝒉 + 𝟐𝝅𝒓𝟐
▪ Total area of cuboids = 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒖𝒎 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒕𝒔 𝟔 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒔
▪ Lateral area of right cone = 𝛑𝐫𝐋 = 𝛑𝐫√𝐫 𝟐 + 𝐡𝟐
▪ If 𝐀𝐁𝐂 is a triangle, 𝐀 = (𝐱 𝟏 , 𝐲𝟏 ), 𝐁 = (𝐱 𝟐 , 𝐲𝟐 ), 𝐂 = (𝐱 𝟑 , 𝐲𝟑 )
𝐱 𝟏 𝐲𝟏 𝟏
𝟏
then its area = |𝐀| 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐀 = |𝐱 𝟐 𝐲𝟐 𝟏|
𝟐
𝐱 𝟑 𝐲𝟑 𝟏
𝒏 𝟏𝟖𝟎
Area of any regular polygon of (𝒏) sides = 𝑺𝟐 𝐜𝐨𝐭 where (𝑺) is its
𝟒 𝒏
side length
Volumes
▪ The volume of a cube of edge length (𝒙) = 𝒙𝟑
▪ The volume of a cuboids = 𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 × 𝒘𝒊𝒅𝒕𝒉 × 𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕
▪ The volume of right circular cylinder = 𝝅𝒓𝟐 𝒉

𝟒
▪ The volume of a sphere = 𝝅𝒓𝟑
𝟑
𝟏
▪ The Volume of right cone = 𝝅𝒓𝟐 𝒉
𝟑
𝟏
▪ The volume of pyramid =
𝟑
𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 × 𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕
Coordinate geometry
▪ If (𝒂, 𝒃) = (𝒄, 𝒅) ∴ 𝒂 = 𝒄, 𝒃=𝒅
▪ 𝒌(𝒂, 𝒃) = (𝒌𝒂, 𝒌𝒃)
▪ If 𝑨 = (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ), 𝑩 = (𝒙𝟐 , 𝒚𝟐 ), the 𝑨𝑩 = √(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 ) + (𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 )

▪ The perpendicular distance between the point (𝒍, 𝒎) and the

| 𝒂𝒍+𝒃𝒎+𝒄|
striaght line 𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚 + 𝒄 = 𝟎 → 𝑷 =
√𝒂𝟐 +𝒃𝟐
The slope of any straight line.
1- The slope of the line (𝑳) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜭
−𝒂
2- If the equation of St.line is : 𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚 + 𝒄 = 𝟎∴ its slope =
𝒃
3- If the equation of St.line is 𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒄, then its slope = 𝒎.
⃑⃑ + 𝐤 𝐮
4- The equation of the st.line is 𝐫⃑ = 𝐀 ⃑⃑ ⃑⃑ = (𝐚, 𝐛)
𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐮
𝐛
∴ 𝐬𝐥𝐨𝐩𝐞 = Where 𝑲 ∈ 𝑹
𝐚
5- If a St.line passes through the points (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ), (𝒙𝟐 , 𝒚𝟐 ), then

𝒚𝟐 −𝒚𝟏
its slope =
𝒙𝟐 −𝒙𝟏
6- If two St.lines are parallel and their slopes are 𝒎𝟏 , 𝒎𝟐 then:

𝑚1 = 𝑚2
7- If two St.lines are perpendicular and their slopes are 𝒎𝟏 , 𝒎𝟐 then:
𝒎𝟏 × 𝒎𝟐 = −𝟏
8- If a St.line is parallel to X-axis, its slope = 0
9- If a St.line is parallel to Y-axis, its slope is undefined.

▪ The equation of a circle of a radius (𝐫)and center (𝐚, 𝐛)is:

(𝐱 − 𝐚)𝟐 + (𝐲 − 𝐛)𝟐 = 𝐫 𝟐
Or 𝐱 𝟐 + 𝐲 𝟐 − 𝟐𝐚𝐱 − 𝟐𝐛𝐲 + 𝐜 = 𝟎 , 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐫 = √𝐚𝟐 + 𝐛 𝟐 − 𝐜 𝟐

▪ 𝑰𝒇 𝒄(𝒙, 𝒚) is a point divides the line segment 𝑨𝑩 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒘𝒐 𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒔 𝒍𝟏 , 𝒍𝟐
from A where 𝑨(𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) , 𝑩(𝒙𝟐 , 𝒚𝟐 ) , then :
𝒍𝟐 𝒙𝟏 + 𝒍𝟏 𝒙𝟐 𝒍𝟐 𝒚𝟏 + 𝒍𝟏 𝒚𝟐
𝒙= , 𝒚=
𝒍𝟏 + 𝒍𝟐 𝒍𝟏 + 𝒍𝟐
𝒍𝟏
I. If > 𝟎 it is internal division ≪ 𝒄 ∈ 𝑨𝑩 ≫
𝒍𝟐
𝒍𝟏
II. If ⃡⃑⃑⃑⃑ ≫
< 𝟎 it is external division ≪ 𝒄 ∈ 𝑨𝑩 ≫ But ≪ 𝒄 ∈ 𝑨𝑩
𝒍𝟐
Geometry
If ⃡⃑⃑⃑⃑ ⃡⃑⃑⃑⃑ then:

𝐴𝐵 //𝐶𝐷
𝑚(1) = 𝑚(3) (alternate)
𝑚(3) = 𝑚(4) (corresponding)
𝑚(1) + 𝑚(2) = 180° (interior)
If x, y are two mid-points then:

̅̅̅̅ , XY=1BC
̅̅̅̅//𝐵𝐶
𝑋𝑌
2

If x is mid-point of ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 and ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ ,
𝑋𝑌//𝐵𝐶
then: Y is mid-point of ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶
**
𝐼𝑓 𝐴𝐷 𝐵𝑖𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠 ∠ (𝐴)
𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐷
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑛 =
𝐴𝐶 𝐷𝐶
C D B
If ABC is right angled triangle at B and

̅̅̅̅ is median, then: BD=1AC
𝐵𝐷
2
If 𝐵𝐷 = 𝐷𝐴 = 𝐷𝐶 in ∆ ABC then
𝑚 (𝐴𝐵𝐶) = 90°
In a right angled triangle ABC right

angled at B then:
(AB)2+(BC)2=(AC)2
(Pythagoras theorem)
And if (AB)2+(BC)2=(AC)2
∴ m (B) = 90°

In any ∆ ABC, if m (B) = 90° , ̅̅̅̅

𝐵𝐷 ⊥
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 then:
(AB)2= AD.AC , (BD)2= DA.DC ,
𝐴𝐵 𝑋 𝐵𝐶
BD= (Euclid theorem)
𝐴𝐶
In ∆ ABC, if AB=AC
∴ 𝑚 (𝐵) = 𝑚 (𝐶) and vice versa.
In ∆ ABC, if AD, BE are medians, then:

𝐴𝑀 = 2𝑀𝐷 , 𝐵𝑀 = 2𝑀𝐸
In (30° – 60° ) triangle

AB: AC: BC = 1:2:√3

𝑋𝑌// ̅̅̅̅
In these figures if: ̅̅̅̅ 𝐵𝐶 ,
AX AY
then = YC
XB
AX AY XY
and = AC = CB
AB
and ∆ ABC~∆ AXY
B C
If ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ are two tangents, then :

𝐴𝐵 ,𝐴𝐶
AB=AC and
m(1̂) = m(2̂) = m(3̂)
If ABCD is a cyclic quad, then:

m(1) = m(2) and
m(BAD)+ m(BCD)= 180°
𝑀𝐷 ⊥̅̅̅̅
If ̅̅̅̅̅ 𝐴𝐵 then BD=DA and vice versa.

In the circle m(BMA)= 2m(BCA)
If ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 is a diameter ∴ m (C)= 90°
A
D
𝐼𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 ∶ E
B
𝐴𝐵 × 𝐴𝐶 = 𝐴𝐷 × 𝐴𝐸
C
D
C
𝐼𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 ∶ B
A
𝐴𝐶 × 𝐶𝐵 = 𝐷𝐶 × 𝐶𝐸
𝐼𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝐼𝑓 𝐴𝐵 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛t ∶ D

(𝐴𝐵)2 = 𝐴𝐶 × 𝐴𝐷
B

Parallelogram
Rectangle
Rhombus
Square

Regular hexagon
In his fugure A
∵ 𝑚(𝐴̂)𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑛 E
𝑚(∠𝑐) = 𝑚(∠𝐴𝐷𝐸 )
∴ ∆𝐴𝐶𝐵~∆𝐴𝐷𝐸 * D
So
𝑨𝑪 𝑪𝑩 𝑨𝑩 C * B
= =
𝑨𝑫 𝑫𝑬 𝑨𝑬

Statics
Addition of two vectors
⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ + ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝑨𝑩 𝑩𝑪 = ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝑨𝑪 𝑨𝑩 ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ = ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ + 𝑨𝑫 𝑨𝑪 ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑ + ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝑨𝑩 ⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑⃑
𝑨𝑪 = 𝟐𝑨𝑫
The resultant of two forces meeting at one point
𝑹 = √𝑭𝟏 𝟐 + 𝑭𝟐 𝟐 + 𝟐𝑭𝟏 𝑭𝟐 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜶
𝑭𝟐 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜶
𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜽𝟏 =
𝑭𝟏 + 𝑭𝟐 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜶
Special Cases
1- If ⃑𝑭⃑𝟏 and ⃑𝑭⃑𝟐 in the same direction ∴ 𝑹 = 𝑭𝟏 + 𝑭𝟐 and ⃑𝑹⃑⃑ in the
direction of the two forces.
2- If ⃑𝑭⃑𝟏 and ⃑𝑭⃑𝟐 in opposite direction ∴ 𝑹 = |𝑭𝟏 − 𝑭𝟐 | and ⃑𝑹
⃑⃑ in the
direction of the greater force.
𝑭𝟐
3- If ⃑𝑭⃑𝟏 ⊥ ⃑𝑭⃑𝟐 ∴ 𝑹 = √𝑭𝟏 𝟐 + 𝑭𝟐 𝟐 and 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜽𝟏 = .
𝑭𝟏
𝜶 𝜶
4- If 𝐅𝟏 = 𝐅𝟐 = 𝑭 ∴ 𝑹 = 𝟐𝐅 𝐂𝐨𝐬 and 𝜽𝟏 = 𝜽𝟐 = .
𝟐 𝟐

The resultant of many forces act at one point
If 𝜽𝟏 , 𝜽𝟐 , 𝜽𝟑 , … …. are the polar angles of ⃑𝑭⃑𝟏 , ⃑𝑭⃑𝟐 , ⃑𝑭⃑𝟑 … …. Then :

𝒀
𝑹 = √𝑿𝟐 + 𝐘 𝟐 , 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜽 = where:
𝑿
𝑿 = 𝑭𝟏 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜽𝟏 + 𝑭𝟐 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜽𝟐 + 𝑭𝟑 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜽𝟑 +……………..
𝒀 = 𝑭𝟏 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜽𝟏 + 𝑭𝟐 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜽𝟐 + 𝑭𝟑 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜽𝟑 +………

And 𝜽 is the polar angle of the resultant .
The resolution of a force into two perpendicular components
𝑭𝟏 = 𝑭 𝑪𝒐𝒔 𝜽 , 𝑭𝟐 = 𝑭 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜽
Takeaway Rule A
If 𝑨𝑪 = 𝑳 𝒄𝒎 then L
V
𝑩𝑪 = 𝑳 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜽 , 𝑨𝑩 = 𝑳 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜽
B 𝜃 C
The principle directions V V V
30°North of the East 30°North East North of the East Or North East

Equilibrium of forces act at a point

1- If three forces act at a point are in equilibrium, then:
𝑭𝟏 𝑭𝟐 𝑭𝟑
= = ( 𝒍𝒂𝒎𝒊′ 𝒔 𝒓𝒖𝒍𝒆 )
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜽𝟏 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜽𝟐 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜽𝟑
2- If many coplanar forces act at a point are in equilibrium, then:

𝑿 = 𝟎 ,𝒀 = 𝟎
Dynamics
In the uniform motion ⃑𝑺⃑ = ⃑𝑽⃑. 𝒕 𝑶𝒓 𝑺 = 𝑽. 𝒕
Laws of uniform variable motion ( 𝒂 𝒊𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕 )
𝟏
⃑⃑𝒕 , ⃑𝑺⃑ = ⃑𝑽⃑𝒐 𝒕 + 𝒂
⃑𝑽⃑ = ⃑𝑽⃑𝒐 + 𝒂 ⃑⃑ 𝒕 𝟐 , 𝑽𝟐 = 𝑽𝒐 𝟐 + 𝟐𝒂𝑺
𝟐
In the case of the free vertical motion:
(Down wards) ( Upwards )
⃑𝑽⃑ = ⃑𝑽⃑𝒐 + 𝒈 ⃑⃑⃑𝒕 ⃑𝑽⃑ = ⃑𝑽⃑𝒐 − 𝒈
⃑⃑⃑𝒕
𝟏 𝟏
⃑𝑺⃑ = ⃑𝑽⃑𝒐 𝒕 + 𝒈 ⃑⃑⃑ 𝒕 𝟐 ⃑𝑺⃑ = ⃑𝑽⃑𝒐 𝒕 − 𝒈 ⃑⃑⃑ 𝒕 𝟐
𝟐 𝟐
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝑽 = 𝑽𝒐 + 𝟐𝒈𝑺 𝑽 = 𝑽𝒐 − 𝟐𝒈𝑺
where 𝒈 is the acceleration of gravity
The relative velocity of a body 𝑨 with respect to a body 𝑩 is :

⃑𝑽⃑𝑨𝑩 = ⃑𝑽⃑𝑨 − ⃑𝑽⃑𝑩
⃑⃑𝒐 is a position vector at 𝒕 = 𝟎 and 𝒓
If 𝒓 ⃑⃑ is a position vector at any
⃑⃑
𝒅𝒓 𝒅𝑺 ⃑⃑ ⃑⃑
𝒅𝑽
time 𝒕, then: ⃑𝑺⃑ = 𝒓
⃑⃑ − 𝒓
⃑⃑𝒐 , ⃑𝑽⃑ = = , ⃑⃑ =
𝒂
𝒅𝒕 𝒅𝒕 𝒅𝒕

2023

El Sheet Elly Da3 2023

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2023

El Hakim Academy – 2023 www.elhakimacademy.com

1 Mr. ABD EL HAKIM RASHED

𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟗𝟎° − 𝜭) = 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭 𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟗𝟎° + 𝜭) = 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭

𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝜭) = 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜭 𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟏𝟖𝟎° + 𝜭) = − 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜭

𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟐𝟕𝟎° − 𝜭) = − 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭 𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟐𝟕𝟎° + 𝜭) = − 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜭

𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝟐𝒏 − 𝜭) = 𝑺𝒊𝒏 (−𝜭) = − 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜭 (𝒏𝒁)

𝑺𝒊𝒏 (𝑨 ± 𝑩) = 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑩 ± 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑨 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑩

2 Mr. ABD EL HAKIM RASHED

▪ Variation = 𝑣(ℎ) = 𝑓 (𝑥2 ) - 𝑓 (𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) - 𝑓(𝑥 )

If 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑔(𝑥 ). 𝑟(𝑥 ) ∴ 𝑓 (́ 𝑥 )= 𝑔 (́ 𝑥 ). 𝑟(𝑥 ) + 𝑟 (́ 𝑥 ). 𝑔(𝑥 )

3 Mr. ABD EL HAKIM RASHED

▪ Any differentiable function at 𝒙 = 𝒂 is contionous at 𝒙 = 𝒂 ,but any

4 Mr. ABD EL HAKIM RASHED

If ,  are the roots of second degree equation then this equation is :

The absolute of a real number

5 Mr. ABD EL HAKIM RASHED

If 𝒂, 𝒃, 𝒄 form arithmetic sequence, then 𝟐𝒃 = 𝒂 + 𝒄

6 Mr. ABD EL HAKIM RASHED

The function 𝒇(𝒙) is said to be one to one function If:-

Not one to one function One to one function

7 Mr. ABD EL HAKIM RASHED

▪ Area of a rectangle = 𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 × 𝒘𝒊𝒅𝒕𝒉

▪ Area of a parallelogram = 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 × 𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕

▪ Area of circle = 𝝅𝒓𝟐

Premeter of circular sector = 𝟐𝒓 + 𝒍

▪ Area of a sphere = 𝟒𝝅𝒓𝟐

▪ Area of a cube of edge length (𝒙) = 𝟔𝒙𝟐

▪ Lateral area of right circular cylinder = 𝟐𝝅𝒓𝒉

8 Mr. ABD EL HAKIM RASHED

▪ Total area of right circular cylinder = 𝟐𝝅𝒓𝒉 + 𝟐𝝅𝒓𝟐

▪ Total area of cuboids = 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒖𝒎 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒕𝒔 𝟔 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒔

▪ Lateral area of right cone = 𝛑𝐫𝐋 = 𝛑𝐫√𝐫 𝟐 + 𝐡𝟐

▪ The volume of a cuboids = 𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 × 𝒘𝒊𝒅𝒕𝒉 × 𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕

▪ The volume of right circular cylinder = 𝝅𝒓𝟐 𝒉

▪ 𝒌(𝒂, 𝒃) = (𝒌𝒂, 𝒌𝒃)

▪ If 𝑨 = (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ), 𝑩 = (𝒙𝟐 , 𝒚𝟐 ), the 𝑨𝑩 = √(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 ) + (𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 )

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▪ The perpendicular distance between the point (𝒍, 𝒎) and the

The slope of any straight line.

1- The slope of the line (𝑳) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜭

3- If the equation of St.line is 𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒄, then its slope = 𝒎.

5- If a St.line passes through the points (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ), (𝒙𝟐 , 𝒚𝟐 ), then

6- If two St.lines are parallel and their slopes are 𝒎𝟏 , 𝒎𝟐 then:

9- If a St.line is parallel to Y-axis, its slope is undefined.

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▪ The equation of a circle of a radius (𝐫)and center (𝐚, 𝐛)is:

Or 𝐱 𝟐 + 𝐲 𝟐 − 𝟐𝐚𝐱 − 𝟐𝐛𝐲 + 𝐜 = 𝟎 , 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐫 = √𝐚𝟐 + 𝐛 𝟐 − 𝐜 𝟐

If ⃡⃑⃑⃑⃑ ⃡⃑⃑⃑⃑ then:

If x, y are two mid-points then:

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If ABC is right angled triangle at B and

In a right angled triangle ABC right

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In any ∆ ABC, if m (B) = 90° , ̅̅̅̅

In ∆ ABC, if AD, BE are medians, then:

In (30° – 60° ) triangle

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and ∆ ABC~∆ AXY

If ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ are two tangents, then :

If ABCD is a cyclic quad, then:

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In the circle m(BMA)= 2m(BCA)