I.

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

HISTORY
UNIT - 1. OUTBREAK OF WORLD WAR I AND ITS AFTERMATH
1. What were the three major empires shattered by the end of First World War?
Germany, Austria- Hungary and the Ottomans
2. Which country emerged as the strongest in East Asia towards the close of
nineteenth century? Japan
3. Who said “Imperialism is the highest stage of Capitalism”? Lenin**
4. What is the Battle of Marne remembered for? Trench Warfare**
5. To which country did the first Secretary General of League of Nations belong? Britain**
6. Which country was expelled from the League of Nations for attacking Finland? Russia **

UNIT – 2. THE WORLD BETWEEN TWO WORLD WARS

1. With whom of the following was the Lateran Treaty signed by Italy? Pope**
2. With whose conquest did the Mexican civilization collapse? Hernan Cortes
3. Who made Peru as part of their dominions? Spaniards
4. Which President of the USA pursued “Good Neighbour” policy towards Latin America? Roosevelt**
5. Which part of the World disliked dollar Imperialism? Latin America**

UNIT – 3. WORLD WAR II

1. When did the Japanese formally sign of their surrender? 2 September, 1945
2. Who initiated the formation of League of Nations? Woodrow Wilson **
3. Where was the Japanese Navy defeated by the US Navy? Battle of Midway**
4. Where did the US drop its first Atomic Bomb? Hiroshima**
5. Who were mainly persecuted by Hitler? Jews **
6. Which Prime Minister of England who signed the Munich Pact with Germany? Chamberlain
7. When was the Charter of the UN signed? June 26, 1945 **

UNIT – 4. THE WORLD AFTER WORLD WAR II

1) Which American President followed the policy of containment of Communism? Truman **
2) When was People’s Political Consultative Conference held in China? September 1949
3) The United States and European allies formed NATO to resist any Soviet aggression in Europe.
4) Who became the Chairman of the PLO’s Executive Committee in 1969? ** Yasser Arafat
5) When was North and South Vietnam united? 1976**
6) When was the Warsaw Pact dissolved? 1991 **

UNIT – 5. SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS IN THE 19TH - CENTURY

1. In which year was Sati abolished? 1829 **
2. What was the name of the Samaj founded by Dayanand Saraswaty? Arya Samaj**
3. Whose campaign and work led to the enactment of Widow Remarriage Reform Act of 1856?
Iswarchandra Vidyasagar
4. Whose voice was Rast Goftar? Parsi Movement**
5. Who was the founder of Namdhari Movement? Baba Ramsingh**
6. Who was the founder of Widow Remarriage Association? M.G. Ranade**
7. Who was the author of the book Satyarthaprakash ? Dayananda Saraswathi **

1
UNIT – 6 EARLY REVOLTS AGAINST BRITISH RULE IN TAMIL NADU

1. Who was the first Palayakkarar to resist the East India Company’s policy of territorial aggrandizement?
Puli Thevar**
2. Who had established close relationship with the three agents of Chanda Sahib? Puli Thevar
3. Where was Sivasubramanianar executed? Nagalapuram **
4. Who issued the Tiruchirappalli proclamation of Independence? Marudhu brothers**
5. When did the Vellore Revolt breakout? 10 July 1806 **
6. Who was the Commander-in-Chief responsible for the new military regulations in Vellore fort?
Sir John Cradock**
7. Where were the sons of Tipu Sultan sent after the Vellore Revolt? Calcutta

UNIT – 7 ANTI-COLONIAL MOVEMENTS AND THE BIRTH OF NATIONALISM

1. Which one of the following was launched by Haji Shariatullah in 1818 in East Bengal?
Farazi Movement
2. Who declared that Land belongs to God and collecting rent or tax on it was against divine law?
Dudu Mian**
3. Who were driven out of their homeland during the process of creation of Zamins under Permanent
Settlement? Santhals
4. Find out the militant nationalist from the following. Bipin Chandra Pal
5. When did the partition of Bengal come into effect? 16th October 1905 **
6. What was the context in which the Chotanagpur Tenancy Act was passed? Munda Rebellion *
7. Who set up the first Home Rule League in April 1916? Tilak**
8. Who drew the attention of the British to the suffering of Indigo cultivation through his play
Nil darpan? Dina Bandhu Mitra

UNIT –8 NATIONALISM :GANDHIAN PHASE

1. Who were arrested during the anti-Rowlatt protests in Amritsar?
Dr.Satyapal and Dr.Saifuddin Kitchlew**
2. In which session of the Indian National congress was Non-Co operation approved? Calcutta
3. Which among the following was declared as “Independence Day”? 26th January 1930**
4. When was the first Forest Act enacted? 1865 **
5. On 8 January 1933 which day was observed? Temple Entry Day
6. Which Act introduced Provincial Autonomy? Government of India Act 1935. **

UNIT – 9 FREEDOM STRUGGLE IN TAMIL NADU

1. Who was the first President of the Madras MahajanaSabha? P. Rangaiah
2. Where was the third session of the Indian National Congress held? Thousand Lights
3. Who said “Better bullock carts and freedom than a train de luxe with subjection”?
Annie Besant**
4. Who among the following were Swarajist? S. Sathyamurthi**
5. Who set up the Satyagraha camp in Udyavanam near Madras? T. Prakasam
6. Where was the anti-Hindi Conference held? Salem**

2
UNIT –10 SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN TAMIL NADU
1. Ziegenbalg established a full –fledged printing press in 1709, at Tranquebar. **
2. Rettaimalai Srinivasan founded Adi Dravida Mahajana Sabha in 1893. **
3. India’s first organised trade union the Madras Labour Union was formed in 1918**
4. Staff Selection Board was established by the Justice party Government for the selection of
Government officials.
5. M.C.Rajah was the first elected Legislative Council Member from the depressed class in Madras
Province. **

GEOGRAPHY

UNIT – 1 INDIA – LOCATION, RELIEF AND DRAINAGE

1) The North – South extent of India is 3,214 km
2) Kosi River is known as ‘Sorrow of Bihar’. **
3) A landmass bounded by sea on three sides is referred to as Peninsula
4) The Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar separates India from Sri Lanka**
5) The highest peak in South India is. Anaimudi **
6) Bhangar Plains are formed by the older alluviums.
7) Pulicat Lake is located between the states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. **

UNIT – 2 CLIMATE AND NATURAL VEGETATION OF INDIA

1. Western disturbances cause rainfall in Punjab.
2. Mango showers helps in quick ripening of mangoes along the Coast of Kerala and Karnataka.
3. Isohyets is a line joining the places of equal rainfall **
4. Climate of India is labelled as Tropical Monsoon Climate
5. The monsoon forests are otherwise called as Deciduous Forest
6. Sesahachalam hills, a Biosphere reserve is situated in Andhra Pradesh
7. Kachch is a part of the world network biosphere reserves of UNESCO. **

UNIT – 3 COMPONENTS OF AGRICULTURE

1. The soil which is rich in iron oxides is Red
2. Which of the following organization has divided the Indian soils into 8 major groups?
Indian Council of Agricultural Research
3. The soils formed by the rivers are: Alluvial soils **
4. Bhakra Nangal dam is the highest gravity dam in India. **
5. Cotton is a cash crop.
6. Black soils are also called as Regur soils
7. The longest dam in the world is Hirakud dam**
8. Which crop is called as “Golden Fibre” in India? Jute **

UNIT – 4 RESOURCES AND INDUSTRIES

1. Manganese is used in Steel Making
2. The Anthracite coal has 80 to 95% Carbon **
3. The most important constituents of petroleum are hydrogen and Carbon
4. The city which is called as the Manchester of South India is Coimbatore **
5. The first Nuclear Power station was commissioned in Maharashtra **
6. The most abundant source of energy is Sun **
7. The famous Sindri Fertilizer Plant is located in Jharkhand
8. The nucleus for the development of the Chota nagpur Plateau Region is Mineral Deposits

3
UNIT – 5 INDIA - POPULATION, TRANSPORT, COMMUNICATION & TRADE
1) The scientific study of different aspects of population is called Demography**
2) Roadways transport provides door to door services.
3) The length of Golden Quadrilateral super highways in India is 5846 km **
4) The National Remote sensing Centre (NRSC) is located at Hyderabad **
5) The transport useful in the inaccessible areas is Airways
6) Which of the following is associated with helicopter service? Pavan Hans **
7) The major import item of India is Petroleum **

UNIT – 6 PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF TAMIL NADU

1. The latitudinal extent of Tamil Nadu is 8°5′N to 13°35′N
2. The longitudinal extent of Tamil Nadu is 76°18′ E to 80°20′E
3. The highest peak in Tamil Nadu is Doddabetta**
4. Which of the following passes is not located in the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu? Bhorghat
5. Which one of the following rivers is flow into the Arabian Sea? Periyar**
6. The district with largest mangrove forest cover in Tamil Nadu is Cuddalore**
7. Retreating monsoon wind picks up moisture from Bay of Bengal
8. Which of the following district is affected by sand dunes to a large extent? Theni **
9. The district which has the largest forest cover in Tamil Nadu is Dharmapuri**

UNIT – 7 HUMAN GEOGRAPHY OF TAMIL NADU

1. The delta which is known as Granary of South India is Cauvery delta
2. Second staple food of the people of Tamil Nadu is Millets
3. A major hydro-electric power project of Tamil Nadu is Mettur
4. Number of major and minor ports in Tamil Nadu are 3 and 15

CIVICS

UNIT - 1INDIAN CONSTITUTION

1. Which of the following sequences in right regarding the Preamble?
Sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republic **
2. How many times has the Preamble to the Constitution of India amended? Once **
3. A foreigner can acquire Indian citizenship through Naturalisation
4. Find the odd one out. Ans: Right to Property
5. One of the following is not an instance of an exercise of a fundamental right?
Parents, property is inherited by their children
6. Which one of the following rights was described by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as the heart and
soul of the Constitution? Right to Constitutional remedies **
7. How can the Fundamental Rights be suspended?
If the President orders it during the national emergency
8. We borrowed the Fundamental Duties from the Russian Constitution**
9. Under which Article financial emergency can be proclaimed? Article 360 **
10. Which of the following committees/commissions made recommendations about the Centre-State
Relations? ** b) 1 & 2

4
UNIT - 2 CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
1) The Constitutional Head of the Union is The President**
2) Who among the following decides whether a Bill is a Money Bill or not? Speaker of Lok Sabha
3) The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the –Lok Sabha
4) What is minimum age laid down for a candidate to seek election to the Lok Sabha? 25 years
5) The authority to alter the boundaries of state in India rest with? Parliament
6) Under which Article the President is vested with the power to proclaim Financial Emergency
Article 360
7) The Chief Justice and other Judges of the Supreme court are appointed by the-President **

UNIT - 3 STATE GOVERNMENT

1. The Governor of the State is appointed by the President **
2. The Speaker of a State is a _____. d)None of these
3. Which among the following is not one of the powers of the Governor? Diplomatic
4. Who can nominate one representative of the Anglo - Indian Community to the State Legislative
Assembly? The Governor **
5. The Governor does not appoint Judges of the High Court **
6. The State Council of Ministers is headed by The Chief Minster**
7. The minimum age for the membership of the Legislative Council is 30 years
8. Which one of the following States does not possess a bicameral legislature? Tamil Nadu
9. The High Courts in India were first started at-Calcutta, Bombay, Madras
10. Which of the following States have a common High Court? Punjab and Haryana **

UNIT – 4 INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY

1. Which Minister plays a vital role in moulding foreign policy of our country? External Affairs Minister**
2. The Panchsheel treaty has been signed between India and China
3. Which article of Indian constitution directs to adopt foreign policy? Article 51
4. Apartheid is a policy of Racial Discrimination **
5. The Agreement signed by India and China in 1954 related to The Five Principles of Co existence
6. Which is not related to our foreign policy Colonialism
7. Which of the following country is not the founder member of NAM? Pakistan **
8. Find the odd one Diplomacy
9. Non-Alliance means freedom to decide on issues independently.
10. Non – military issues are____ d) All the above

UNIT – 5 INDIA’S INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

1. Mc Mahon Line is a border between India and China **
2. India is not a member of ASEAN **
3. OPEC is An Organisation of Oil Exporting Countries
4. With which country does India share its longest land border? Bangladesh**
5. Match the following and choose the correct answer form the codes given below.
i) Salma Dam - 1. Bangladesh
ii) Farakka accord - 2. Nepal
iii) Chukha hydroelectric project - 3. Afghanistan
iv) Sharda River project - 4. Bhutan Ans:3 1 4 2

5
6. How many countries share its border with India? 7 **
7. Which two island countries are India’s neighbours? Sri Lanka and Maldives **
8. Which Indian state is surrounded by three countries? Sikkim **
9. How many Indian states have their boundary with Nepal? Five
10.Who drew up the borders for newly independent Pakistan? Sir Cyril Radcliffe **

ECONOMICS

UNIT – 1 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND ITS GROWTH : AN INTRODUCTION

1. GNP equals, GDP plus net property income from abroad**

2. National Income is a measure of Total value of goods and services
3. Primary sector consist of Agriculture **
4. Value added approach is the value added by each intermediate good is summed to estimate the value
of the final good.
5. Which one sector is highest employment in the GDP? Service sector **
6. Gross value added at current prices for services sector is estimated at 92.26 lakh and crore in
2018 -19. **
7. India is 2nd larger producer in agricultural product.
8. India ‘s life expectancy at birth is - 65 years
9. Which one is a trade policy? Import and export Policy
10. Indian Economy is Developing Economy **

UNIT – 2 GLOBALIZATION AND TRADE

1) Who is the head of the World Trade Organisation (WTO)? Director General**
2) Colonial advent in India Portuguese, Dutch, English, Danish, French
3) GATT’s first round held in – Geneva **
4) India signed the Dunket proposal in 1994 **
5) Who granted the English “Golden Fireman” in 1632? Sultan of Golconda **
6) Foreign Investment policy (FIP) announced in- July- Aug-1991
7) Indian government introduced New Economic Policy in 1991

UNIT – 3 FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION

1. Availability of food is physical availability of food stocks in desired quantities, which is a function of
domestic production, changes in stocks and imports.
2. Buffer stock is the stock of food grains, namely wheat and rice, procured by the government through the
FCI.
3. Which is correct?.
i) HYV–High Yielding Varieties ii) MSP–Minimum Support Price
iii) PDS–Public Distribution System iv) FCI–Food Corporation of India
All are correct
4. United States of America extended assistance through its Public Law 480**
5. Green revolution was born in India paving way for self sufficiency in food grain production. **
6. Tamil Nadu is the only state in India to adopt universal PDS.
7. Nutrition is the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.

6
UNIT – 4: GOVERNMENT AND TAXES
1. The three levels of governments in India are Union, state and local **
2. In India, taxes are including c) Both (a) and (b)
3. Which is the role of government and development policies? d) All the above
4. The most common and important tax levied on an individual in India is Income Tax **
5. Under which tax one nation, one uniform tax is ensured Goods and service tax**
6. Income tax was introduced in India for the first time in the year 1860
7. Wealth tax is charged on the benefits derived from property ownership. **
8. What are identified as causes of black money? d) All the above

UNIT – 5: INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS IN TAMIL NADU

1. ‘The Detroit of Asia’ is Chennai **
2. Pumpsets and motors are produced mostly in Coimbatore **
3. Industry are an essential aspect of a nation’s development.
4. Tiruppur is known for Knitwear**
5. A successful industrial cluster entirely created by the Tamil Nadu is Hosur
6. Which one of the following is not having leather factories? Dharmapuri
7. Which one of the following is not a industrial developing agency? MEPZ

II. FILL IN THE BLANKS

HISTORY

UNIT – 1 :OUTBREAK OF WORLD WAR I AND ITS AFTERMATH

1. Japan forced a war on China in the year 1894.

2. The new state of Albania was created according to the Treaty of London signed in May 1913.
3. Japan entered into an alliance with England in the year 1902.
4. In the Balkans Macedonia had mixed population. **
5. In the battle of Tannenberg Russia suffered Heavy losses.
6. Clemenceau as Prime Minister represented France in Paris Peace Conference. **
7. Locarno Treaty was signed in the year 1925.**

UNIT – 2 :THE WORLD BETWEEN TWO WORLD WARS

1. The founder of Social Democratic Party was Ferdinard Lassalle. **

2. The Nazi Party’s propaganda was led by Josef Goebbels.
3. The Vietnam Nationalist Party was formed in 1927.**
4. The Secret State Police in Nazi Germany was known as The Gestapo.**
5. The Union of South Africa came into being in May 1910.
6. The ANC leader Nelson Mandela was put behind the bars for 27 years
7. Boers were also known as Afrikaners. **
7
UNIT – 3 :WORLD WAR II
1. Hitler attacked Rhineland which was a demilitarised Zone. **
2. The alliance between Italy, Germany and Japan is known as Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis **
3. President Roosevelt started the Lend Lease programme.
4. Britain Prime Minister Chamberlain resigned in 1940.
5. Radar is a device used to find out the enemies aircraft from a distance. **

UNIT – 4 :THE WORLD AFTER WORLD WAR II

1. Dr. Sun-Yat- Senwas known as “The Father of modern China”. **
2. In 1918, the society for the study of Marxism was formed in Peking University
3. After the death of Dr.Sun Yat Sen, the leader of the Kuomintang Party was Chiang-Kai-Shek **
4. The Central Treaty Organization is open to any Arab Nation desiring peace and security in the region.
5. The treaty of Versailles provided for mandates in Turkish –Arab Empire. **
6. Germany joined the NATO in 1955 **
7. Strasbourg was the Head Quarters of the Council of Europe. **
8. The Maastricht (Netherlands) treaty was signed on February 7, 1992 created the European Union.

UNIT – 5 :SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS IN THE 19TH - CENTURY

1. Vallalar (Ramalinga Adigal) founded the Samarasa Vedha Sanmarga Sangam. **
2. The founder of Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was M.G.Ranade
3. Gulumgir was written by Jyotiba Phule**
4. Ramakrishna Mission was established bySwami Vivekananda. **
5. Singh Sabha was the forerunner of Akali Movement.
6. Oru paisa Tamilan was started by Iyothee Thassar **

UNIT – 6 :EARLY REVOLTS AGAINST BRITISH RULE IN TAMIL NADU

1) The Palayakkarars system was put in place in Tamil Nadu by Viswanatha Nayakar **
2) Velunachiyar and her daughter were under the protection of Gopala Nayakar for eight years.
3) Bennerman deputed Ramalinganar to convey his message, asking Kattabomman to surrender.
4) Kattabomman was hanged to death at Kayathar **
5) The Rebellion of Marudhu Brothers was categorized in the British records as the Second
Palayakkarars War
6) Fateh Hyder was declared the new Sultan by the rebels in Vellore Fort.

UNIT – 7 : ANTI-COLONIAL MOVEMENTS AND THE BIRTH OF NATIONALISM

1. Wahhabi Rebellion was an anti–imperial and anti-landlord movement which originated in and around
1827. **
2. The major tribal revolt which took place in Chotanagpur region was Kol revolt**
3. The Chotta Nagpur Act, restricted the entry of non-tribal people into the tribal land. **
4. Chotta Nagpur Act was passed in the year 1908.
5. W.C. Bannerjee was elected the president of Indian National Congress in the year 1885. **

8
UNIT – 8 :NATIONALISM: GANDHIAN PHASE
1. Gandhi regarded Gopala Krishna Gokhale as his political guru. **
2. Khilafat Movement was led by Mohamed Ali and Shaukat Ali. **
3. Government of India Act 1919 introduced Dyarchy in the provinces.
4. The Civil Disobedience Movement in North West Frontier Province was led by Khan Abdul Ghaffar
Khan.
5. Ramsay Mac Donald announced Communal Award which provided separate electorates to the
minorities and the depressed classes. **
6. Usha Mehta established Congress Radio underground during the Quit India Movement.

UNIT – 9 :FREEDOM STRUGGLE IN TAMIL NADU

1. T. Muthuswami was appointed the first Indian Judge of the Madras High Court. **
2. Nilakanta Brahmachari started the secret society named Bharat Matha Society
3. The Dravidian Association Hostel for non-Brahmin students was established by C. Natesanar
4. C. Rajaji formed the first Congress Ministry in Madras. **
5. Yakub Hasan was the founder of the Madras branch of the Muslim League.
6. Bhashyam hoisted the national flag atop Fort St. George on 26 January 1932. **

UNIT – 10: SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN TAMIL NADU

1. Tamil was the first non-European language that went into print. **
2. The College of Fort St. George was founded by F. W. Ellis.
3. Maraimalai Adigal is considered the Father of Tamil linguistic purism. **
4. Justice Party government was the first to approve participation of women in the electoral politics. **
5. The name Suriyanarayana Sastri changed in Tamil as Parithimar Kalaignar.
6. Abraham Pandithar gave prominence to Tamil music.
7. The first Woman Legislator in India was Muthulakshmi Ammaiyar.

GEOGRAPHY
UNIT – 6: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF TAMIL NADU

1. The plateau which lies between the Nilgiris and Dharmapuri districts is Coimbatore Plateau.
2. Solaikaradu is the highest peak in the southern most part of the Eastern Ghats.
3. The riverine Island of Srirangam is located between Collidam and Cauvery branches of Cauvery. **
4. Nilgiri Tahr is the Tamil Nadu state animal which is found in Nilgiri hills.

UNIT: 7 Human Geography of Tamil Nadu

1. Agriculture of Tamil Nadu constitutes 21 % of its economy. **

2. Sathanur dam is constructed across the river Thenpennai. **
3. Chennai is the third largest airport in India after Mumbai and Delhi. **
4. The difference between the value of exports and imports is called Balance of trade **

9
 CIVICS
UNIT – 1 : INDIAN CONSTITUTION
1. The concept of constitution first originated in USA. **
2. Sachchidananda Sinha was elected as the temporary President of the Constituent Assembly.
3. The Constitution of India was adopted on Nov 26th 1949**
4. Five writs are mentioned in Article 32. **
5. Fundamental duties have been given to the citizen of India under Article 51 A**

UNIT – 2 : CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

1) Money Bill cannot be introduced in the Parliament without President’s approval . **
2) Prime Minister is the leader of the nation and Chief spokes person of the country.
3) Vice – President is the Ex-officio Chair Person of the Rajya Sabha. **
4) Attorney General of India has the right to speak and to take part in the proceedings of both Houses of
the Parliament. **
5) The Chief Justice and other judges of the Supreme Court hold the office up to the age 65 years.
6) The Supreme Court is the Guardian of the Constitution. **
7) At present, the Supreme Court consists of 28 Judges including the Chief Justice.

UNIT – 3 : STATE GOVERNMENT

1. Governor of the state government surrenders his resignation to the President. **
2. Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) elected by the people.
3. The Governor acts as the Chancellor of Universities in the State.
4. The Chairman and Members of the State Public Service Commission can be removed only by the
President. **

UNIT – 4 : INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY

1. India conducted its first nuclear test at Pokhran. **
2. At present our foreign policy acts as a means to generate inward investment, business and
technology for domestic growth and development.
3. Diplomacy is the instrument for implementing foreign policy of a state. **
4. Non-Aligned Movement was India’s policy in the face of the bipolar order of the cold war.
5. Our tradition and national ethos is to practice disarmament. **

UNIT – 5 :INDIA’S INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

1. Bhutan is a small Himalayan kingdom.
2. India’s gateway to South East Asia is Myanmar. **
3. Nepal is a buffer country between India and China.
4. A strip of land The Teen Bigha Corridor belongs to India on West Bengal and Bangladesh border.
5. Bhutan is known as the Land of thunderbolt. **
6 . India and Sri Lanka are separated by Palk Strait**

ECONOMICS
UNIT – 1 :GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND ITS GROWTH : AN INTRODUCTION
1. Agriculture is the primary sector in India.
2. GDP is the indicator of Economic Health of an economy. **
3. Secondary sector otherwise called as Industrial Sector.
4. Per Capita Income is an indicator to show the living standard of the people.

10
UNIT – 2 :GLOBALIZATION AND TRADE
1) A better economy introduce rapid development of the Capital Market.
2) WTO Agreement came into force from January 1,1995**
3) The term Globalization invented by Prof. Theodore Levitt

UNIT – 3 :FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION

1. Under Weight is an important indicator of nutrition deficiency.
2. In the year 2013 National Food Security Act was passed by the Indian Parliament. **
3. Consumer Co-operative play an important role in the supply of quality goods at responsible rates to
common people.

UNIT – 4 :GOVERNMENT AND TAXES

1) Tax is levied by government for the development of the state’s economy.
2) The origin of the word ‘tax’ is from the word Taxation**
3) The burden of the Direct tax cannot be shifted to others.
4) The Goods and Service Tax act came into effect on 1 July 2017. **
5) The unaccounted money that is concealed from the tax administrator is called Black Money.

UNIT – 5 :INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS IN TAMIL NADU

1. Hundred of leather and tannery factories are located around Vellore District in Tamil Nadu.
2. Special Economic Zones policy was introduced in April 2000. **
3. Entrepreneur is an innovator of new ideas and business processes.

III. MATCH THE FOLLOWING

HISTORY

UNIT – 1 :OUTBREAK OF WORLD WAR I AND ITS AFTERMATH

1. Treaty of Brest – Litovsk a. Russia and Germany

2. Jingoism b. England
3. Kemal Pasha c. Turkey
4. Emden d. Madras
5. Hall of Mirrors e. Versailles

UNIT – 2 :THE WORLD BETWEEN TWO WORLD WARS

1. Transvaal a. Gold
2. Tongking b. Guerilla activities
3. Hindenburg c. Germany
4. Third Reich d. Hitler
5. Matteotti e. Italy

11
UNIT – 3 :WORLD WAR II
1) Blitzkrieg a. Lightning Strike
2) Royal Navy b. Britain
3) Lend Lease c. Roosevelt
4) Volga d. Stalingrad
5) Guadalcanal e. Solomon Island

UNIT – 4 :THE WORLD AFTER WORLD WAR II

1. Dr. Sun-Yat-Sen a. Kuomintang

2. Syngman Rhee b. South Korea
3. Anwar Sadat c. Egypt
4. Ho-Chi Minh d. North Vietnam
5. Ngo Dinh Diem e. South Vietnam

UNIT – 5 :SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS IN THE 19TH – CENTURY

1) Oru Paisa Tamilan a. Journal

2) Thiruvarutpa b. Songs of Grace
3) Baba Dayal Das c. Nirankari
4) Iswarchandra Vidyasagar d. Widows Remarriage Reform Act.
5) Debendranath e. Adi Brahmo Samaj

UNIT – 6 :EARLY REVOLTS AGAINST BRITISH RULE IN TAMIL NADU

1. Theerthagiri a. Odanilai
2. Gopala Nayak b. Dindigal
3. Bannerman c. Ramalinganar
4. Subedar Sheik Adam d. Vellore Revolt
5. Col. Fancourt e. Vellore Fort

UNIT – 7 :ANTI-COLONIAL MOVEMENTS AND THE BIRTH OF NATIONALISM

1) Wahhabi Rebellion a. Titu Mir

2) Munda Rebellion b. Ranchi
3) Begum Hazarat Mahal c. Lucknow
4) Kunwar Singh d Bihar
5) Nana Sahib e. Peswa Baji Rao II

UNIT – 8 :NATIONALISM GANDHIAN PHASE

1. Rowlatt Act a. Black Act
2. Non Cooperation Movement b. Surrender of titles
3. Government of India Act, 1919 c. Dyarchy
4. Communist Party of India d. M.N.Roy
5. 16th August 1946 e. Direct Action Day

12
UNIT – 9 :FREEDOM STRUGGLE IN TAMIL NADU
1) MNA a. Torture Comission
2) E.V.R. Periyar b. Vaikom Hero
3) S.N. Somayajulu c. Removal of Neill Statue
4) Vedaranyam d. Salt Satyagraha
5) Thalamuthu e. Anti-Hindi agitation

UNIT – 10 :SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN TAMILNADU

1. Dravidian Home a. Natesanar
2. Thozhilalan b. Singaravelar
3. Tani Tamil Iyakkam c. Maraimalai Adigal
4. Jeeviya Saritha Surukkam d. Rettaimalai Srinivasan

GEOGRAPHY

UNIT – I : India – Location, Relief and Drainage

1. Tsangpo a. River Brahmaputra in Tibet

2. Yamuna b. Tributary of River Ganga
3. New alluvium c. Khadhar
4. Mt. Godwin Austen (K2) d. Highest peak in India.
5. Coromandel Coast e. Southern part of East Coastal Plain

UNIT – 2 : Climate and Natural Vegetation of India

1. Project Elephant a. Protect the elephants.

2. Biodiversity hotspot b. The Himalayas
3. North East Monsoon c. October - December.
4. Tropical thorn Forests d. Desert and Semi desert vegetation .
5. Coastal Forests e. Littoral forest.

UNIT – 3 : Components of Agriculture

1) Sugar bowl of India a. Uttar Pradesh and Bihar

2) Coffee b. Karnataka
3) Tehri c. Highest dam in the India,
4) Hirakud d. Mahanadi
5) Horticulture e. Golden revolution

UNIT – 4 : I. Resources and Industries

1. Bauxite a. Aircraft
2. Gypsum b. Cement
3. Black Gold c. Coal
4. Iron ore d. Magnetite
5. Mica e. Electrical goods
13
UNIT – 5: India – Population, Transport, Communication & Trade
1) Border Road Organisation a.1960.
2) INSAT b. Satellite communication.
3) Mazagaon Dock c. Mumbai.
4) Urban Sprawl d. Impact of Urbanization.
5) Konkan Railways e. 1990

UNIT – 6 : Physical Geography of Tamil Nadu

1. Winter season a. January and February
2. Summer season b. March to May
3. Southwest monsoon c. June to September
4. North east monsoon d. October to December
5. Mango Shower e. Pre-Monsoon

UNIT – 7: Human Geography of Tamil Nadu

1) Bauxite a. Servarayan hills
2) Gypsum b. Tiruchirapalli
3) Iron c. Salem
4) Limestone d. Coimbatore

CIVICS
UNIT – 1 :INDIAN CONSTITUTION

1. Citizenship Act a. 1955.

2. The Preamble b. Jawaharlal Nehru.
3. The Mini Constitution c. 42nd Amendment.
4. Classical Language d. Tamil.
5. National Emergency e. 1962.

UNIT – 2 :CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

1. Article 53 a. Executive power of the President.

2. Article 63 b. Office of the Vice President.
3. Article 356 c. State Emergency.
4. Article 76 d. Office of the Attorney General.
5. Article 352 e. Internal Emergency.

UNIT – 3 :STATE GOVERNMENT

1. Governor a. Head of the State.

2. Chief Minister b. Head of the Government
3. Council of Ministers c. Responsible for the Assembly.
4. MLC d. cannot vote for grants.
5. Armed forces e. Tribunals.

14
UNIT – 4 :INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY
1. Indian Ocean island a. Maldives
2. Land bridge to ASEAN b. Myanmar
3. Panchsheel c. 1954
4. Afro Asian Conference d. 1955
5. World Peace e. Foreign Policy

UNIT – 5 :INDIA’S INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

1. Brandix a. Garment city in Vishakapatnam
2. COMCASA b. USA
3. Shinkansen system c. Japan
4. BRICS d. Shanghai
5. OPEC e. Vienna

ECONOMICS

UNIT – 1 :GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND ITS GROWTH : AN INTRODUCTION

1. Electricity/Gas and Water a. Industrial Sector.
2. Price Policy b. Agriculture.
3. GST c. Tax on goods and services.
4. Per Capita Income d. National Income /Population.
5. C + I + G + (X-M) e. Gross National product.

UNIT – 2 :GLOBALIZATION AND TRADE

1. Multinational Corporation in India a. Infosys.

2. MNC b. Minimize cost of Production.
3. GATT c. 1947.
4. 8 th Uruguay Round d. 1986
5. WTO e. Enforce International Trade

UNIT – 3 :FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION

1. Consumer cooperatives a. Supply of quality goods

2. Public Distribution System b. Subsidized rates
3. UNDP c. United Nations Development Programme
4. National Food Security Act d. 2013
5. Kerala e. Least poor region

UNIT – 4 :GOVERNMENT AND TAXES

1. Income Tax a. Direct Tax
2. Excise duty b. Indirect Tax
3. VAT c. Value added tax
4. GST d. 1 July 2017
5. Black money e. Smuggling

UNIT – 5 : INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS IN TAMIL NADU

1. Entrepreneur a. Organizer
2. MEPZ b. Export Processing Zone
3. Indian Ordnance Factory c. Aravankadu
4. TNPL d. Karur
5. Manchester of south India e. Coimbatore

15
 IV.CHOOSE THE CORRECT STATEMENT
HISTORY

UNIT – 1 :OUTBREAK OF WORLD WAR I AND ITS AFTERMATH

1. i) The Turkish Empire contained many non-Turkish people in the Balkans.
ii) Turkey fought on the side of the central powers
iii) Britain attacked Turkey and captured Constantinople
iv) Turkey’s attempt to attack Suez Canal but were repulsed.
d) i), ii) and iv) are correct

2. Assertion: Germany and the United States were producing cheaper manufactured goods and
capturing England’s markets.
Reason: Both the countries produced required raw material for their industries.
b) A is right but R is not the correct reason
3. Assertion: The first European attempts to carve out colonies in Africa resulted in bloody battles.
Reason: There was stiff resistance from the native population.
a) Both A and R are correct

UNIT – 2 :THE WORLD BETWEEN TWO WORLD WARS

1. i) During World War I the primary task of Italy was to keep the Austrians occupied on the
Southern Front
ii) Germany took to Fascism much later than Italy.
iii) The first huge market crash in the US occurred on 24 October 1929.
iv) The ban on African National Congress was lifted in 1966.
d) i), ii) and iii) are correct
2. Assertion: A new wave of economic nationalism which expressed itself in protectionism affected the
world trade.
Reason: This was because the USA was not willing to provide economic aid to the debtor
countries.

b) A is right but R is not the correct explanation

3. Assertion: The Berlin Colonial Conference of 1884–85 had resolved that Africa should be
Divided into spheres of influence of various colonial powers.

Reason: The war between the British and Boers in South Africa, however, was in defiance of this
resolution.
a) Both A and R are right

UNIT – 3 :WORLD WAR II

1. Assertion: President Roosevelt realised that the United States had to change its policy of isolation.
Reason: He started a programme of Lend Lease in 1941.
a) Both A and R are correct
16
UNIT – 4 :THE WORLD AFTER WORLD WAR II

1. i) In China (1898) the young emperor, under the influence of the educated minority, initiated a series
of reforms known as the 100 days of reforms.
ii) The Kuomintang Party represented the interests of the workers and peasants.
iii) Yuan Shih-Kai had lost prestige in the eyes of Nationalists, when he agreed to the demand of Japan
to have economic control of Manchuria and Shantung.
iv) Soviet Union refused to recognize the People’s Republic of China for more than two decades.
c) (i) and (iii) are correct
2. i) In 1948, the Soviets had established left wing government in the countries of
Eastern Europe that had been liberated by the Soviet Army.
ii) The chief objective of NATO was to preserve peace and security in the North Atlantic region.
iii) The member countries of SEATO were committed to prevent democracy from
gaining ground in the region.
iv) Britain used the atomic bomb against Japan to convey its destructive capability to the USSR.
b) (i) and (ii) are correct
3. Assertion (A): America’s Marshall Plan was for reconstruction of the war-ravaged Europe.
Reason (R): The US conceived the Marshal Plan to bring the countries in the Western Europe under
its influence.

c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

UNIT – 5 : SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS IN THE 19TH – CENTURY

1. i) Raja Rammohan Roy preached monotheism

ii) He encouraged idolatry
iii) He published tracts condemning social evils
iv) Raja Rammohan Roy was supported by Governor General William Bentinck
d) i), iii) and iv) are correct
2. i) Prarthana Samaj was founded by Dr.Atma Ram Pandurang
ii) Prarthana Samaj encouraged interdining and inter-caste marriage
iii) Jyotiba Phule worked for the upliftment of men.
iv) Prarthana Samaj had it’s origin in the Punjab.
c) i) and ii) are correct
3. i) Ramakrishna Mission was actively involved in social causes such as education, health care,relief in
time of calamities.
ii) Ramakrishna emphasised the spiritual union with god through ecstatic practices.
iii) Ramakrishna established the Ramakrishna Mission
iv) Ramakrishna opposed the Partition of Bengal
b) i) and ii) are correct
4. Assertion: Jyotiba Phule opened orphanages and homes for widows
Reason: Jyotiba Phule opposed child marriage and supported widow remarriage
b) Assertion is correct and the reason is apt to the assertion

17
UNIT – 6 :EARLY REVOLTS AGAINST BRITISH RULE IN TAMIL NADU
1. i) The Palayakkarars system was in practice in the Kakatiya Kingdom.
ii) Puli Thevar recaptured Nerkattumseval in 1764 after the death of Khan Sahib.
iii) Yusuf Khan who was negotiating with the Palayakkarars, without informing the, Company
administration was charged with treachery and hanged in 1764.
iv) Ondiveeran led one of the army units of Kattabomman.
b) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct

2. i) Under Colonel Campbell, the English Army went along with Mahfuzkhan’s army.
ii) After MuthuVadugar’s death in KalaiyarKovil battle, Marudhu Brothers assisted Velunachiyar in
restoring the throne to her.
iii) Gopala Nayak spearheaded the famous Dindigul League.
iv) In May 1799 Cornwallis ordered the advance of Company armies to Tirunelveli.
c) (ii) and (iii) are correct

3. Assertion (A): Puli Thevar tried to get the support of Hyder Ali and the French.
Reason (R): Hyder Ali could not help Puli Thevar as he was already in a serious conflict with the
Marathas.
c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

UNIT – 7: ANTI-COLONIAL MOVEMENTS AND THE BIRTH OF NATIONALISM

1. (i) The Company received 22.5 million from Mir Jafar and invested it to propel the industrial
revolution in Britain.
(ii) Kols organized an insurrection in 1831-1832, which was directed against government officers and
moneylenders.
(iii) In 1855, two Santhal brothers, Sidhu and Kanu, led the Santhal Rebellion.
(iv) In 1879, an Act was passed to regulate the territories occupied by the Santhals.
a) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct

2. (i) One of the most significant contributions of the early Indian Nationalists was the formulation of an
economic critique of colonialism.
(ii) The early Congress leaders stated that the religious exploitation in India was the primary reason for
the growing poverty.
(iii) One of the goals of the moderate Congress leaders was to achieve Swaraj or self-rule.
(iv) The objective of Partition of Bengal was to curtail the Bengali influence and weaken the
nationalist movement.

b) (i) and (iv) are correct

3. Assersion (A):Under colonial rule, for the first time in Indian history, government claimed a
direct proprietary right over forests.
Reason (R): Planters used intimidation and violence to compel farmers to grow indigo.
a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A
4. Assersion (A): The Revolt of 1857 was brutally suppressed by the British army.
Reason (R): The failure of the rebellion was due to the absence of Central authority.

c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

18
UNIT – 8 :NATIONALISM: GANDHIAN PHASE

1. (i) The Communist Party of India was founded in Tashkent in 1920.

(ii) M. Singaravelar was tried in the Kanpur Conspiracy Case.
(iii)The Congress Socialist Party was formed by Jayaprakash Narayan, Acharya Narendra Dev and
Minoo Masani.
(iv)The Socialists did not participate in the Quit India Movement.
d) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct
2. Assertion (A): The Congress attended the First Round Table Conference.
Reason (R): Gandhi-Irwin Pact enabled the Congress to attend the Second Round Table Conference.

d) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation

3. Assertion (A): The Congress Ministries resigned in 1939.
Reason (R): The Colonial government of India entered the war without consulting the elected
Congress ministries.

d) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation

UNIT – 9 :FREEDOM STRUGGLE IN TAMIL NADU

1. (i) Madras Native Association was founded in 1852.
(ii) Tamil nationalist periodical Swadesamitran was started in 1891.
(iii)The Madras Mahajana Sabha demanded conduct of civil services examinations only in India
(iv) V.S. Srinivasanar was an extremist.
a) (i) and (ii) are correct

2. (i) EVR did not participate in the Non- Cooperation Movement.

(ii) Rajaji worked closely with Yakub Hasan of the Muslim League.
(iii)Workers did not participate in the Non- Cooperation Movement.
(iv)Toddy shops were not picketed in Tamil Nadu.
a) (ii) is correct

UNIT – 10: SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN TAMIL NADU

1. (i) Thirukkural was one of the earliest Tamil literary texts to be published in 1812.
(ii) Maraimalai Adigal collected and edited different palm leaf manuscripts of the Tamil grammars and
literature.
(iii)Robert Caldwell established the close affinity between the Dravidian languages in contrast with
Sanskrit and also established the antiquity of Tamil.
(iv)Thiru.Vi. Kalyanasundaram was an early pioneer in Trade union movement.
b) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct
2. Assertion (A): The Justice Party continued to remain in government from 1920-1937 in Madras
Presidency.
Reason (R): The Congress Party boycotted the Madras Legislature during this period of Dyarchy.

c) Both A and R are correct.

19
 GEOGRAPHY

UNIT – 2 :CLIMATE AND NATURAL VEGETATION OF INDIA

1. Assertion(A): The Himalayas acts as a climatic barrier.

Reason(R): The Himalayas prevents cold winds from central Asia and keep the Indian Sub-continent
warm.
a) Both (A) and (B) are true: R explains A

UNIT – 3 :COMPONENTS OF AGRICULTURE

1. Assertion (A): Horticulture involves cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and flowers.

Reason (R): India ranks first in the world in the production of mango, banana, and citrus fruits.
(b) Both (A) and (R)are true: (R) does not explain (A)

2. Assertion (A): Alluvial soil is formed by the deposition of eroded and decayed materials
brought by the rivers.
Reason (R): Paddy and wheat are grown well in the soil.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)

UNIT – 6 :PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF TAMIL NADU

1. Assertion (A): Tamil Nadu does not receive much rainfall from southwest monsoon.
Reason (R): It is situated in the rain shadow area of the Western Ghats.
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)

UNIT - 7 Human Geography of Tamil Nadu

1. Assertion (A): Coimbatore, Tiruppur and Erode region is called as The Textile Valley of Tamil Nadu.
Reason (R): They contribute a major share to the states economy through textiles.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)

2. Assertion (A): The Nilgiris is the least populated district of Tamil Nadu
Reason (R): It is located in the western most part of Tamil Nadu.
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but, (R) does not explain (A)

UNIT – 2 :CLIMATE AND NATURAL VEGETATION OF INDIA

Choose the inappropriate answer.
1. Tidal forests are found in and around _______.
a) Desert b) The deltas of Ganga and Brahmaputra
c) The delta of Godavari d) The delta of Mahanadhi

2. Climate of India is affected by _______.

a) Latitudinal extent b) Altitude c) Distance from the sea d) Soil

20
UNIT – 3 :COMPONENTS OF AGRICULTURE
Pick the odd one out:
1. a) Wheat b) Rice c) Millets d) coffee
2. a) Khadar b) Bhangar c) Allivial Soil d) Black Soil
3. a) Inundational canals b) Perennial canals c) Tanks d) Canals

CIVICS
UNIT – 2 :CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
1. i) Total members of the Rajya Sabha is 250.
ii) The 12 nominated members shall be chosen by the President from amongst persons experience in
the field of literature, science, art, or social service
iii) The Members of the Rajya Sabha should not be less than 30 years of age.
iv) The members of the Rajya Sabha are directly elected by the people.
d) i, ii & iii are correct
2. i) The Chief Justice and other judges of the Supreme Court hold the office up to the age of 62 years.
ii) Judiciary is the third organ of the government.
iii) The cases involving fundamental rights come under the Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
iv) The law declared by Supreme Court is binding on all courts within the territory of India.
a) ii & iv are correct

UNIT – 3 :STATE GOVERNMENT

1. Assertion (A): There are limitations on the Legislative authority of the State Legislature.
Reason (R): Certain bills on the State List can be introduced in the State Legislature only with the
President’s approval.

c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct reason for (A)

UNIT – 4 :INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY

1. Arrange the following in the correct chronological order and choose the correct answer from the code given
below.
(i) Panchsheel (ii) Nuclear test at Pokhran (iii) Twenty-year Treaty (iv) First Nuclear test
a) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)
2. Which of the following is not about NAM?
(i) The term Non-Alignment was coined by V. Krishna Menon.
(ii) It aimed to maintain national independence in foreign affairs by joining any military alliance.
(iii) At present it has 120 member countries.
(iv) It has transformed to an economical movement
c) (ii) only
3. Write True or False against each of the statement.
a) During Cold War India tried to form a third bloc of nations in the international affairs. TRUE
b) The Ministry of Home Affairs is responsible for the conduct of the country’s foreign relations. FALSE
c) The nuclear test at Pokhran was done under Subterranean Nuclear Explosions Project. TRUE
4. Assertion (A): India aligned with Soviet Union by the Indo-Soviet treaty on 1971.
Reason (B): This began with a disastrous Indo –China war of 1962
c) A is correct and R is Wrong

21
5. Assertion (A): India has formal diplomatic relations with most of the nations.
Reason (R): India is the World’s second most populous country.
b) A is correct and R does not explains A
6. Avoidance of military blocs was necessity for India after political freedom. Because India had to
redeemed from
d) all the above

UNIT – 5: INDIA’S INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

1. The Kaladan transport project by India and Myanmar consists of which of the following modes of transport?

1. Roads 2. Railways 3.Shipping 4. Inland water transport

Select the correct answer using the codes given below
b) 1, 3 and 4 only
2. Assertion (A): India and France launched International Solar Alliance.
Reason (R): It was done to bring together countries between Tropic of Cancer and
Tropic of Capricorn for co-operation of solar energy.

a) A is correct and R is the correct explanation of A

3. Which of the following statements are true?

Statement 1: ICCR has initiated a Tagore Chair in University of Dhaka.
Statement 2: Myanmar is India’s gateway to western countries.
Statement 3: Nepal and Bhutan are land locked nations.
Statement 4: Sri Lanka is one of the partner in Nalanda University Project of India.
c) 1, 3 and 4
4. Assertion (A): OPEC has vested interest in India’s economic growth.
Reason (R): Devoid of necessary oil resources India strongly focuses on agriculture and industrial
production.

c) Both are correct

ECONOMICS
UNIT – 3: FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION

1. Assertion (A): Purchasing power increases, price decreases and vice versa.
Reason (R): The production of goods decline, the price of goods increases and then the
purchasing power is affected.

d) A is correct, R is the correct explanation of A.

UNIT – 4 : GOVERNMENT AND TAXES

1. Which of the following statement is correct about GST?
(i) GST is the ‘one point tax’.
(ii) This aims to replace all direct taxes levied on goods and services by the Central and State Governments.
(iii) It will be implemented from 1 July 2017 throughout the country.
(iv) It will unified the tax structure in India.
b) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct

22
 DISTINGUISH

UNIT – I :INDIA – LOCATION, RELIEF AND DRAINAGE

1. Himalayan Rivers and Peninsular rivers.
Himalayan rivers Peninsular rivers
1. Originate from the Himalayas Originate from the Western Ghats
2. Perennial in Nature Non- Perennial in nature
3. Eg. Ganges Eg. Cauvery

2. Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats

Western Ghats Eastern Ghats
1. Parallel to the Arabian Sea Parallel to the Bay of Bengal.
2. Continuous range of Mountains. Dis-continuous range of Mountains.

3. Western Coastal Plain and Eastern Coastal Plain

Western Coastal Plain Eastern Coastal Plain
1. It lies between the Western Ghats It lies between the Eastern Ghats and the
and the Arabian Sea Bay of Bengal.
2. Parallel to West Coast Parallel to East Coast

UNIT – 2 :CLIMATE AND NATURAL VEGETATION OF INDIA

1. Weather and Climate
Weather Climate
1. Changes daily Records of 35 years of weather
2. The study of weather is called The study of climate is called Climatology.
Meteorology.

2. Tropical Evergreen Forest and Deciduous Forest

Tropical Evergreen Forest Deciduous Forest
1. Annual rainfall is more than 200 cm Annual rainfall is 100 to 200 cm.
2. Trees never shed their leaves Trees shed their leaves
3 Eg. Mahogany, Ebony trees Eg. Sandal wood and Rosewood trees.

3. North East Monsoon and South West Monsoon

North East Monsoon South West Monsoon

1. Wind blows from land to Sea Wind blows from Sea to land
2. October to December June to September.
3. India gets 35% rainfall India gets 75% rainfall

23
 UNIT – 3 :COMPONENTS OF AGRICULTURE
1. Rabi and Kharif Crop
Rabi crop Kharif crop
1. season - October to March season- June to September
2. Wheat, Gram, Maize were major Rice, cotton and Bajra were major crops
crops

2. Inundation Canals and Perennial Canals

Inundation Canals
1. Water is taken out directly from the
rivers without barrages or dam
2. Useful for the diversion of flood
water.
Perennial Canals
Constructing barrages or dams to regulate
the flow of water
useful for irrigation.

3. Marine Fishing and Inland Fishing

Marine Fishing Inland Fishing
1. Fishing in Sea Fishing in Rivers
2 Large mechanized boats are used Catamarans, floating nets are used
3 Kerala leads in Marine Fishing Andhra Pradesh leads in Inland Fishing

4. Alluvial Soil and Black Soil

Alluvial Soil Black Soil
1. Formed by sediments deposited by Formed by the weathering of Basalt rocks
river.
2. It is Sandy –loam – slit and clay in It is sticky when wet.
nature.
3. Rice, wheat, sugarcane were major Cotton ,Millets , Tobacco were major crops
crops

UNIT - 4 :RESOURCES AND INDUSTRIES

1. Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources

Renewable Resources
1. Can be replaced again after the
irutilisation.
2. Eg: Solar Energy, Wind Energy and
Wave and Tidal energy.
Non Renewable Resources
Cannot be replaced again after their
utilisation
Eg: Coal, petroleum, and Natural Gas.

2. Metallic Minerals and Non-Metallic Minerals:

Metallic Minerals Non-Metallic Minerals
1. Contain one or more metallic Do not contain metal.
elements.
2. Eg: Iron and Gold Eg: Coal, Petroleum.
24
 3. Agro Based Industry and Mineral Based Industry
Agro Based Industry Mineral Based Industry
1. Use agricultural Product as Raw Use Minerals as Raw materials.
materials.
2. Eg: Cotton, Jute and Sugar Eg: Iron and Steel Industry
industries

4. Jute Industry and Sugar Industry

Jute Industry Sugar Industry
1. Raw material : Jute Raw material : Sugar cane
2. India -Largest producer in the World India- Second largest producer in the World
3. Eg. West Bengal Eg. Uttar Pradesh

5. Conventional Energy and Non-Conventional Energy

Conventional energy Non-conventional energy
1. Conventional energy sources are Non- Conventional energy sources are
Non-renewable. renewable.
2. Eg: Thermal power, Nuclear Power. Eg: Solar, Hydro, Wind and Tidal energy.

UNIT – 5 :INDIA - POPULATION, TRANSPORT, COMMUNICATION & TRADE

1. Density of Population and Growth of Population

Density of Population
1. Number of persons per Sq.Km.
2. Most densely populated state is
Bihar.
Growth of Population
Change in the number of inhabitants during
a specified period of time.
Influenced by birth rate, death rate, Migration.

2. Personal Communication and Mass Communication:

Personal Communication Mass Communication
1. The exchange of information Enables millions of people to get the
between two individuals. information at the same time.
2. It includes Mobile phone and SMS. It includes Radio, TV, Internet.

3. Print Media and Electronic Media:

Print Media Electronic Media
1. Viewed through Print resources Viewed through electronic tools.
2 Old media New media
3. Eg: Books, Newspaper, Magazine. Eg: Televison , Mobile phone, Email

25
 4. Roadways and Railways:
Roadways
1. Suitable for short distance services.
2. India - the second longest road
Network in the world.
5. Waterways and Airways
Waterways
1. Cheapest mode of transport.
2. Inland Waterways and Ocean
waterways are the two types.
6. Internal Trade and International Trade
Internal Trade
1. Carried on within the country.
2. Also called Local Trade.
UNIT – 6 :PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF TAMIL NADU
1. Thamiraparani and Cauvery
Thamiraparani
1. Originates from Pothigai Hills
2. Tributaries - Karaiyar, Servalar
UNIT – 7 :HUMAN GEOGRAPHY OF TAMIL NADU
2. Food Crops and Non-Food Crops
Food Crops
1. Cultivated for Human consumption.
2. Eg: Paddy, Wheat, Pulses and
Cereals.
3. Surface water and Ground water
Surface Water
1. Easy to take and use
2. We can irrigate vast area
3. Tank, Pond, Lake etc.
Railways
Suitable for long distance services.
India - the second largest Railway Network in
the world.
Airways
Costliest mode of transport.
Domestic airways and International airways
are the two types.
International Trade
Carried on between Two or more countries.
Also called external Trade.
Cauvery
Originates from Tala Cauvery
Tributaries - Noyyal, Amaravathi
Non-Food Crops
Cultivated for Commercial purposes.
Eg: Cotton, Jute.
Ground Water
Not an easy process to take
We can irrigate small area
Well and Tube well
26
 GIVE REASON
UNIT – I : INDIA – LOCATION, RELIEF AND DRAINAGE

1. Himalayas are called young fold Mountains

* Few millions years ago Himalayas have been formed.

* Earth crust due to Tectonic activity

2. North Indian Rivers are perennials.

*It originates from Himalayas.

*It receives water from the melting snow.

3. South Indian Rivers are East flowing.

* It originates from Western Ghats,

* It slopes towards the East.

4. West flowing Rivers do not form deltas.

* West flowing rivers are Narrow

* It is flooded during high tides.

UNIT – 2 : CLIMATE AND NATURAL VEGETATION OF INDIA

1. Western Coastal Plain is Narrow.

*The Rivers in this plain do not form delta.

2. India has a Tropical Monsoon Climate.

* India lies in the Tropical belt

* The Climate is influenced by Monsoon Winds.

3. Mountains are cooler then Plains.

* When the altitude increases temperature decreases.

UNIT – 3 : COMPONENTS OF AGRICULTURE

1. Agriculture is the backbone of India.

* 50% of the population practices Agriculture.

* It accounts of 25% of National Income.

2. Rain water Harvesting is necessary

* There is only seasonal Rainfall

* It is not uniform and highly erratic

27
 UNIT – 6 : PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF TAMIL NADU
1. Eastern Ghats are not a continuous Range

* It dissected many places by Rivers.

* Drains into the Bay of Bengal.

2. Tamilnadu receives low rainfall during south West Rainfall.

* Tamil Nadu is located in Rain shadow Region

3. Cuddalore is a Multi Prone disaster Zone.

* Most area are Flood Prone , Cyclone prone, affected by Tsunami.

UNIT – 7 : HUMAN GEOGRAPHY OF TAMIL NADU

1. Farmers switch over from inorganic to organic farming

*Organic farming rely on Crop Rotation, Organic Waste and Biological pest control to maintain
soil productivity.

2. Cities are densely populated than villages.

*.Facilities like market, Hospitals and schools and colleges and industries.

3. Karur is called the Textile Capital of Tamil nadu.

*Textile Industries is highly concentrated in Karur.

2 MARKS
HISTORY
Unit – 1 OUT BREAK OF WORLD WAR I AND ITS AFTERMATH

1. How do you assess the importance of Sino-Japanese War?

* Japan forced War with China in 1894
* It annexed Liaotung with Port Arthur.
* By this War Japan proved that it was the strongest nation of the East Asia.
2. Name the countries in the Triple Entente.**
* Britain
* France
* Russia
3. What were the three militant forms of nationalism in Europe?**
* England - Jingoism
* France – Chauvinism
* Germany – Kultur
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4. What do you know of trench warfare?**
* Trenches dug by the soldiers to protect themselves from enemy fire.
* It was used for delivering food, weapons, troops, Mails and Orders.
5. What was the role of Mustafa Kemal Pasha?**
* He was responsible for the Rebirth of Turkey.
* He was responsible for the Liberalization of Turkey.
* He was responsible for the Modernization of Turkey .
* He put an end to the sultanate and the caliphate.
6. List out two causes for the failure of the League of Nations.**
* Lack of Military power .
* Lack of strong membership.
* Collective Security could not be applied
* No standing army.

Unit – 2 :THE WORLD BETWEEN TWO WORLD WARS

1. What do you know of the White Terror in Indo –china?**
* In 1929 the Vietnamese soldiers and communists mutinied against the French Governor
General.
* The Revolt was crushed.
* Thousands of rebels were killed.
2. Discuss the importance of Ottawa Economic Summit.
* They gave preference to British Goods
* British made imports cheaper
* Political agitation against British rule.

3. What was the result of Mussolini’s March on Rome?

* In October 1922, Mussolini organised the Fascist March on Rome.
* Impressed by the March on Rome, the King invited Mussolini to form the government.
4. How did great Depression impact on the Indian agriculture?**
* Death blow to Indian agriculture.
* The value of Farm produce declined
* Land rent unchanged.
* Prices of agricultural commodities doubled.

5. Define Dollar Imperialism.**

* USA maintained and dominated over distant lands through economic aid.
* The policy of the USA was called “Dollar Imperialism”

Unit – 3 :WORLD WAR II

1. Who were the three prominent dictators of the post World War I?**
* Italy – Mussolini
* Germany – Hitler
* Spain _ Franco

29
2. How did Hitler get the support from the people of Germany?
* By his impassioned speeches,
* By promising to bring back the glorious military past of Germany.
3. Describe the Pearl Harbour incident.**
* On December 1941, Japan attacked American fleet in Pearl Harbour without warning.
* Many battle ships , planes were destroyed.
* United States declared war on Japan.
4. Name the Bretton Woods Twins.**
* The World Bank
* The International Monetary Fund
5. What are the objectives of IMF?**
* To secure financial stability
* To facilitate International trade
* To promote high employment
* To reduce poverty around the wold.

Unit – 4 :THE WORLD AFTER WORLD WAR II

1. Write any three causes for the Chinese Revolution of 1911.**

* Peasants suffered from poverty and high taxes.
* In the two Opium Wars, China was defeated.
* It was compelled to open its Ports to Western powers.

2. Write a note on Mao’s Long March.**

* Mao was the leader of the Chinese Communist Party.
* In 1934, he started his Long March with one lakh soldiers.
* He reached the Northern Sheni with 20, 000 soldiers after crossing nearly 6000 miles.

3. What do you know of Baghdad Pact?** (CENTO 1955)

* Turkey, Iraq , Great Britain, Pakistan and Iran signed a pact in 1955.
* This Pact was open to all Arab nations who stood for peace and security.
* It was dissolved in 1979.
4. What was Marshall Plan?**
* The US conceived the Marshall Plan.
* To bring the countries in Western Europe under its influence.

5. Write a note on Third World Countries.**

* First World - The Capitalist countries under US
* Second World - The Communist countries under Soviet Union
* Third World - The countries outside these two alliances.

Unit – 5: Social and religious reform Movements in the 19th Century

1. Mention the four articles of faith laid down by Maharishi Debendranath Tagore.**
* The one Supreme being is the Creator of the Universe.
* He alone is the God of Truth, Wisdom and Goodness.
* By worshipping Him, one can attain Salvation .
* Loving Him and doing His will is Belief.
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2. Discuss Mahadev Govind Ranade’s contribution to social reforms? **
* Founder of the Widow Marriage Association(1861)
* He advocated
➢ Inter caste dining
➢ Inter Caste Marriage
➢ Widow remarriage
4. Write a note on reforms of Ramalinga Adigal?
* He followed Jeeva Karunya.
* He established Samarasa Suddha Sanmarga Satya Sanga.
* He showed Mercy on all living beings.
* He started a free feeding house for everyone at Vadalur.
5. List the social evils eradicated by BrahmoSamaj?
* Customs of Sati
* Child marriage
* Polygamy.
* supported Widow Remarriage.

6. Highlight the work done by Jyotiba Phule for the welfare of the poor and the marginalized?

* Jyotiba Phule opened the First school for “untouchables “ in 1852 in Poona.
* He opposed Child Marriage
* He supported Widow Remarriage.
* He opened Orphanages and Homes for Widows.

Unit – 6 : Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu

1. What were the duties of the palayakkars?**

The duties were --
* To collect revenue
* To administer the territory
* To settle disputes
* To maintain law and order.
* Their police duties were known as Padikaval or ArasuKaval.
2. Identify the Palayams based on the division of East or West.**
* Sattur
Nagalapuram
Ettayapuram The Eastern Palayams
Panchalamkurichi.

*Uthumalai
Thalavankottai
Naduvakurichi The Western Palayams
Singampatti
Sethur.

31
3. What was the significance of the battle of Kalakadu?**
* Kalakadu battle was fought between Mahfuzkhan and Pulithevar.
* Mahufuzkhan’s troops were routed by the huge forces of Puli Thevar.
4. What was the bone of contention between the company and Kottabomman?**
* The company appointed its collectors to collect taxes from all the palayams.
* The collectors humiliated the Palayakkars and adopted force to collect the taxes.
* This was the bone of contention between the English and Kattabomman.

5. Highlight the essence of the Tiruchirapalli proclamation of 1801.**

* This was issued by the Marudhu brothers.
* It was an early call to the Indians against the British Company.
* This call united the Palakakarars beyond religion, caste and community.

Unit – 7 : ANTI - COLONIAL MOVEMENTS AND THE BIRTH OF NATIONALISM

1. How are the peasant uprising in British India classified?**

* Restorative rebellions
* Religious Movements
* Social Banditry
* Mass Insurrection.
2. Name the territories annexed by the British under the Doctrine of Lapse.**
* Satara
* Sambalpur
* Parts of Punjab
* Jhansi
* Nagpur.
3. What do you mean by drain of wealth?**
* India served as a supplier of raw material to the British industries
* It served as a market for their manufactured goods.
* So the Indian wealth reached Britain.
4. Highlight the objectives of Home Rule Movements?**
* To attain self-government within the British Empire.
* To attain a status of dominion.
* To use non-violent constitutional methods to achieve their goals.
5. Summarize the essence of Lucknow pact.(1916)
* The congress accepted separate electorates for Muslims.
* The Congress and the Muslim League demanded self-government.
* The Moderates and the Extremists reunited.

Unit – 8 : NATIONALISM- GANDHIAN PHASE

1. Describe the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.**
* The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre was held on April 13,1919 in Amritsar .
* General Dyer opened fire on people without any warning.
* 379 were killed and more than thousand injured.

32
2. Write a note on the Khilafat Movement?**
* Ali brothers started Khilafat Movement.
* It aimed to restore the prestige and power of the Caliphate.

3. Why did Gandhi withdraw the Non co-operation Movement?**

* At Chauri chaura, in Uttar Pradesh, the mob burnt the police station in 1922.
* 22 policeman lost their lives.
* On hearing this, Gandhi was upset and withdrew the Non-cooperation Movement.
4. Why was the Simon Commission boycotted ?**
* Simon commission consisted of 7 members headed by Sir John Simon.
* It was an all-White commission
* It did not have any Indian member.
* So Simon Commission was boycotted
5. What is Poorna Swaraj?
* In the Congress session (1929) held in Lahore,Poorna Swaraj was declared as the goal.
* Poorna Swaraj means complete Freedom.
* The congress men were not satisfied with dominion status
* They demanded complete Independence
6. Write a note on Bhagat Singh?**
* He reorganized and renamed the Hindustan Republic Army in Punjab.
* He threw a smoke bomb inside the Central Legislative Assembly in 1929.
* He threw Pamphlets and shouted “Inquilab Zindabad and Long Live the Proletariat”
* So he was arrested and sentenced to death.
7. What are the terms of the Poona Pact?(1932)
* Poona pact was signed between Gandhi and Ambedkar.
* The principle of separate electorates was abandoned.
* The principle of joint electorates was accepted.
* Reserved seats for the depressed classes were increased from 71 to 147.

Unit – 9 : FREEDOM STRUGGLE IN TAMIL NADU

1. List the contribution of Moderates?**

* Believed in constitutional methods.
* Conducted Hall meetings.
* Exposed the exploitation of the Indian econonmy by the British.
2. Write a note on the Tirunelveli Uprising?
* V.O. Chidambaram and Subramaniya Siva were arrested.
* The news of arrest sparked riots in Thirunelveli.
* Police Station, Court building and Municipal Office were burnt in Tirunelveli.
* It led to the death of four people in police firing.
3. What is the contribution of Annie Besant to India’s freedom struggle?
* Annie Besant started Home Rule League in 1916
* She started the newspapers “New India” and “Commonweal” to demand Homerule in India.

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Unit – 10 :SOCIALTRANSFORMATION IN TAMIL NADU
1. Write a note on Tamil Renaissance?
* Introduction of printing press
* Linguistic research on Dravidian languages ----- rooted the process of Tamil Renaissance.
* Publication of the ancient literary ----- created awareness among the people.

2. Highlight the contribution of Caldwell for the cause of south Indian language.**
* He established the close affinity between the Dravidian languages in contrast with Sanskrit
* He also established the antiquity of Tamil.

3. List out the personalities who contributed to the revival of Tamil Literature through their writings?
* Subramaniya Bharathi
* Bharathidasan,
* Thiru Vi.Ka
* Maraimalai Adigal
* Parithimar Kalaignar.
4. Discuss the importance of Hindu Religious Endowment Act passed by the justice ministry?**
* The justice party introduced the Hindu Religious Endowment Act in 1926
* It enabled individual of any caste to become a member of temple committee and govern the
resources of the religious institutions.

5. Name the Newspaper published by the South Indian Liberal Foundation.**

* Dravidian in Tamil
* Justice in English
* Andhra Prakasika in Telugu.

6. Estimate Periyar as a feminist.

* He condemned child marriage and the Devadasi system.
* He emphasized women’s right to divorce , property and adoption.
* He fought for women empowerment.

GEOGRAPHY
1. INDIA - LOCATION, RELIEF AND DRAINAGE

1. Name the neighbouring countries of India.

*China
*Bhutan
*Sri lanka
*Nepal
*Bangladesh
*Pakistan
*Afghanistan

2. Give the importance of IST.

*The standard meridian of India is 82 ° 30’ E longitude.
* In order to avoid the differences of time, IST is calculated.

34
3. Write a short note on Deccan Plateau.
*Deccan Plateau is the largest plateau in India.
*It is triangular in shape.
*The area is about 7 lakh square km.

4. State the west flowing rivers of India.

* Narmada
* Tapti
* Sabarmati
* Mahi
5. Write a brief note on the island group of Lakshadweep
* It is located off the West Coast of India.
* It is 32 sq.km.
* Kavaratti is the capital.

2. CLIMATE AND NATURAL VEGETATION OF INDIA

1. List the factors affecting climate of India.

* Latitude.
* Distance from the sea
* Monsoon winds
* Relief features
* Jet streams
2. What is meant by ‘normal lapse rate?

* Temperature decreases at the rate of 6.5° C for every 1000 meters of ascent.
* It is called normal lapse rate.

3. What are Jet streams?

* The fast moving winds blowing in a narrow Zone in the upper atmosphere.

4. Write a short note on “Monsoon wind”

* These are seasonal reversal winds.

* Monsoon winds are the most dominant factor which affects the climate of India.
Ex: South west Monsoon, North East monsoon

5. Name the four distinct seasons of India.

* Winter - January to February
* Summer - March to May
* South West Monsoon - June to September
* North East Monsoon - October to November

6. What is “Burst of Monsoon?

* The sudden approach of South west monsoon starts with lightning and thunder.
* It is termed as the ‘break’ or ‘burst of monsoon’..

7. Name the areas which receive heavy rainfall.

* Assam
* Tripura
* Nagaland
* The Western Coast
* Arunachal Pradesh
* South Meghalaya
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8. State places of mangrove forest in India.
* Deltas of Ganga and Brahmaputra
* Delta’s of Mahanadi, Godavari, and Krishna.

9. Write any five biosphere reserves in India.

* Panna
* Nilgiris
* Gulf of Mannar
* Agaistayamalai

3. COMPONENTS OF AGRICULTURE

1. Define soil.
*The upper most layer of the land surface is called soil.
*It is composed of Air, water, minerals, organic matter living Organisms.

2. Name the types of soil found in India.

*Alluvial soil
*Black soil
*Red soil
*Laterite soil
*Forest & Mountain soil
*Arid or Desert soil

3. State any two characteristics of black cotton soil.

*It is black in colour due to Titanium and Iron.
*It is sticky when wet.
*Moisture retentive is very high

4. Define Agriculture.
*Producing food for people and fodder for cattle.
*Cultivation of certain plants and Domestication of animals.

5. State the types of agriculture practices in India?

* Subsistence Farming
* Shifting Agriculture
* Intensive Farming
* Dry Farming
* Mixed Farming
* Terrace Farming

6. Name the seasons of agriculture in India.

* Kharif season (June to September)
* Rabi Season (October - March)
* Zaid Season (April-June)

7. Mention the plantation crops of India.

* Tea
* Coffee,
* Rubber
* Spices

8. What do you mean by livestock?

* Livestock is an integral component of the farming system in India.
* It includes cattle, goats, buffaloes, sheep and pigs.

36
9. Write a brief note on the categories of fisheries in India?
*Marine or sea fisheries.(A.P)
*Inland or Fresh water fisheries.(Lakes, ponds)

44. RESOURCES AND INDUSTRIES

1. Define the resource and state its types.

* Anything which is derived from the Environment used by the living things.
*Renewable Resources:
Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Bio gas.
*Non- Renewable Resources:
Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas etc.

2. What are minerals and state its type?

*Mineral is a natural substance of organic or inorganic origin with definite Chemical and Physical
properties.
* Metallic Minerals : Iron, Copper, Manganese
* Non- Metallic Minerals : Mica, Limestone

3. State the uses of magnesium.

*Used for making Iron and steel.
*Used for manufacturing bleaching powder, insecticides, Paints and batteries.

4. What is natural gas?

*It is formed by the decomposition of plants and animals.
*It is naturally occurring hydrocarbon.
5. Name the different types of coal with their carbon content.
*Anthracite :80% to 90% Carbon
*Bituminous :60% to 80% Carbon
*Lignite :40% to 60% Carbon
*Peat :Less than 40% of Carbon
6. Mention the major areas of jute production in India.
* Bihar
*Orissa
*Assam
* West Bengal
*Uttra Pradesh
7. Name the important oil producing regions of India.
*Mumbai High oil Fields
*Gujarat Coast
*Ankleshwar
*Cambay - Luni’s Region.
*Ahmedabad - Kalol region.

5. INDIA - POPULATION, TRANSPORT, COMMUNICATION AND TRADE

1. What is migration? State its types.

*It is the movement of the people across regions and territories.
Types :
*Internal Migration
*International Migration
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2. Write any four advantages of railways.
*The Backbone of the transport.
*It contributes Economic Growth.
*It also promotes Trade, Tourism, Education, etc.

3. Write a note on Pipeline network transport in India.

* It is a convenient mode of transport.
* It connects oil and Natural gas fields to the markets.

4. State the major Inland waterways of India.

National Waterways 1:
*Between Haldia and Allahabad.
National Waterways 2 :
* Between Dhuhri and Sadiya.
National Waterways 3 :
*Between Kollam and Kottapuram.

5. What is communication? What are its types?

* Process that involves exchange of Information, thoughts and ideas.

Types:
1. Personal Communication.
2. Mass Communication.

6. Define “International trade”.

*Trade carried between two or more countries is called International Trade.

7. State the merits of Roadways.

*Universal mode of transport.
*Cost efficient.
*Suitable for Short Distance.
* Used for carrying Goods and Passengers.

6. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF TAMILNADU.

1. State the boundaries of Tamil Nadu.

*East - Bay of Bengal
*West - Kerala
*North - Andhra Pradesh
*North West - Karnataka
*South - Indian Ocean

2. What is ‘Teri’?
*The sand dunes formed along the coast of Ramanathapuram and Thoothukudi districts are called
Teri.

3. How is coastal plain formed?

* It is formed by the East flowing rivers.
* It flow towards east and drain in the Bay of Bengal.
* It is a land of fertile soil.

38
4. Name the major Islands of Tamil Nadu:
* Pampan
* Hare
* Krusadi
* Nallathanni
* Upputhanni
* Pullivasal
* Srirangam
* Kattupalli.

5. Name the tributaries of river Thamirabarani.

* Karaiyar
* Servalar
* Manimuthar
* Gadananathi
* Pachaiyar
* Chittar
* Ramanathi

6. Define: Disaster Risk Reduction.

Disaster Risk Reduction ( DRR )
* It is a systematic approach
* identifying, analysing and reducing the causal factors of disasters.

7. During cyclone, how does the Meteorological department warn the fishermen?
* Warns Fishermen do not go to sea.
* Warns to listen Medias and News papers.
* Warns to tie their boats and rafts safely.

7. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY OF TAMILNADU.

1. Explain the cropping seasons of Tamil Nadu.

* Sornavari (Chittiraipattam) - April to May
* Samba (Adipattam) - July to Aug.
* Navarai - Nov. to Dec.

2. Why is Coimbatore called the Manchester of Tamil Nadu?

*Textile mills are more in Coimbatore District.

*So Coimbatore is called the Manchester of Tamil Nadu.

3. Name the important multipurpose projects of Tamil Nadu.

*Mettur Dam
*Bhavani Sagar Dam
*Amaravathi Dam
*Krishnagiri Dam
*Sathanur Dam
*Mullaiperiyar Dam.

4. What is MRTS ?
*MRTS means Mass Rapid Transport System.
*Sub-Urban railway network.
* Currently developing a Metro system since 2017.

39
5. List out the air ports and sea ports of Tamil Nadu ?
*Air ports - Chennai, Madurai, Tiruchi, Coimbatore, Salem, Tuticorin
*Sea ports - Chennai, Ennore, Tuticorin, Cuddalore, Nagpattinam, Kudankulam, Kulachal,
Kanyakumari.

CIVICS
1. Indian Constitution
1. What is a Constitution?
* It is a set of basic laws or principles for a country.
* It describes the rights and duties of citizens.

2. What is meant by citizenship?

* Citizen is derived from the Latin term.
* CIVICS means resident of a city state.

3. How many types of fundamental rights are listed by the Indian Constitution ?
There are 6 types of fundamental rights
1. Right to Equality
2. Right to Freedom
3. Right against Exploitation
4. Right to Religion
5. Cultural and Educational Rights
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies.

4. What is a Writ?

* A writ is an order or command

* It is issued by a court in writing under its seal.

5. What are the classical languages in India?

1. Tamil
2. Sanskrit
3. Telugu
4. Kannada
5. Malayalam
6. Odiya

6. What is national emergency?

*under Article 352 President can declare National emergency.

*National emergency can be declared on the basis of
i) War,
ii) Foreign Aggression, or
iii) armed rebellion In India.

7. List out the three heads of the relations between the Centre and the States.
1. Legislative Relations
2. Administrative Relations
3. Financial Relations
UNIT 2

40
 2. Central Government

1. How is President of India elected?

* The President is elected by an Electoral College.
* By means of single transferable Vote.

2. What are the different categories of Ministers at the Union level?

* Cabinet Ministers
* Ministers of State
* Deputy Ministers.

3. What is the qualification of Judges of the Supreme Court?

* He must be a citizen of India.
* Should have worked as a Judge of High Court for at least 5 years.
* Should have worked as an advocate of High Court for at least 10 years.

4. Write short note: Money Bill.

* A bill which covers income and expenditure of the government.
* Lok Sabha can only introduce Money Bill.

5. List out any two special powers of the Attorney General of India.
* He has the right of audience in all courts in the territory of India.
* He has the right to speak in both houses of the Parliament.
UNIT 3
3. State Government

1. What is the importance of the Governor of a state ?

* The Governor is the constitutional head of the state Executive.
* The administration of a state is carried on the name of the Governor.
* He has Executive powers, Legislative powers, Financial powers etc.

2. What are the qualifications for the appointment of Governor?

* He should be a citizen of India.
* He must have completed 35 years of age.
* He should not hold any other profitable occupation.

3. What is the original jurisdiction of the High Court ?

* The High Courts of Bombay, Calcutta and Madras have original jurisdictions
* only in matters of admiralty, probate, contempt of court.

4. What do you understand by the “ Appellate Jurisdiction” of the High court?

All High courts entertain appeals in civil and criminal cases from their Subordinate courts as well as
on their own.

4. India’s Foreign Policy

1. What is foreign Policy?

* Nation’s plan for dealing with other nations.
* formulated to safeguard and promote national Interests in external affairs.

2. Explain India’s Nuclear Policy.

* No first use
* Credible minimum deterrence

41
3. Differentiate : Domestic policy and Foreign Policy

Domestic policy Foreign policy

Nation’s plan for dealing issues within its own Nation’s plan for dealing with other nations.
nation.

Eg. Domestic affairs, social welfare, health care Eg. Trade , diplomacy, defence

4. List any four guiding principles of Panchsheel?

1. Mutual respect for each others.
2. Mutual non - aggression
3. Mutual non - interference
4. Equality and co-operation for mutual benefit.
5. Peaceful co-existence.

5. What was the reason for India to choose the path of Non-Alignment ?
* America and Russia were trying to extend their influence over the nations of Asia and Africa.
* Nehru opposed the two superpowers.
* So India chose the path of Non-Alignment.

6. List out the member countries of SAARC.

1. Afghanistan 2. Bangladesh
3. Bhutan 4. India
5. Nepal 6. Maldives
7. Pakistan 8. Sri Lanka

7. Name the architects of the Non-Aligned movement.

1. Jawaharlal Nehru - India
2. Tito - Yugoslavia
3. Nasser - Egypt
4. Sukarno - Indonesia
5. Kwame Nkumarah - Ghana

8. Mention the main tools of foreign policy.

1. Treaties and executive agreements
2. Appointing Ambassadors
3. Foreign Aid
4. International Trade
5. Armed Forces.
5. India’s International Relations

1. Name the neighbouring countries of India.

1. Pakistan
2. Afghanistan
3. China
4. Nepal
5. Bhutan
6. Bangladesh
7. Myanmar
8. Sri Lanka
9. Maldives
2. Write a short note on Strategic Partnership Agreement (SPA)?
* It provides assistance to rebuild Afghanistan.
* It is an Indo – Afghan agreement

42
3. Mention the member countries of BRICS.
* Brazil
* Russia
* India
* China
* South Africa
4. What do you know about Kaladan Multi - Model Transit Transport?
* It is a road - river -- port Cargo transport
* To link Kolkatta to Sittwe in Myanmar.
5. How do you assess the importance of Chabahar agreement?
* It is an agreement between India, Afghanistan and Iran.
* A transport corridor has been established between these three countries.
6. List out any five global groupings in which India is a member.
*BRICS
*IBSA
*BCIM
*EAS
*BBIN
7. What is the role of Japan India Institute of Manufacturing ( JIM ) ?
*Japan announced its co-operation of training 30,000 Indian people.
* It Provides Japanese style manufacturing skills.

ECONOMICS
UNIT 1. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND ITS GROWTH : AN INTRODUCTION
1. Define National Income.
• National Income is a measure of the total value of goods and services produced in one year.
• It is called as Gross National Product (GNP)

2. What is meant by Gross Domestic Product ?

• Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total value of output of goods and services within the
geographical boundaries of the country.

3. What is Per Capita Income ?

• Per Capita Income is the indicator to show the living standard of people.
• Per Capita Income = National Income
Population
4. Define the value added approach with example .
• In the value added approach,
The total value of intermediate goods = Value of Final Goods
• Example ::
Tea powder+ water + milk+ sugar = Tea
{ Intermediate Goods} { Final output}

5. Write the name of economic policies in India .

• Agricultural Policy
• Industrial Policy
• New Economic Policy
• Employment Policy
• Population Policy
• Wage Policy.
43
 6. Write the importance of Gross Domestic Product.
• Study of Economic Growth
• Study of Public Sector
• Problems of Inflation and Deflation
• Guide to economic planning

7. Write a Short Note on (I) Gross National Happiness (GNH), (II) Human Development Index (HDI)
Gross National Happiness (GNH)
• It is used to measure the well being and collective happiness of the population.
Human Development Index (HDI)
HDI is a composite index of
• Life expectancy at birth
• adult literacy rate and
• standard of living measured.

UNIT 2 : GLOBALIZATION AND TRADE

1. What is Globalization?
• Globalization is the integration of a country with the world economy.
• It is a process of internationalization and Liberalization.

2. Write the types of Globalization.

Types of Globalization:
• Archaic Globalization
• Proto Globalization
• Modern Globalization.

3 Write a note of Multinational Corporation.

• Multinational Corporation is a corporate Organization
• It owns or controls production of goods or services in more than one country.

4 What are the reforms made to adopt Globalization?

• Abolition of Industrial Licensing, except for a few industries
• Reduction in the number of industries reserved for public sector
• Fixation of a realistic exchange rate
• Foreign Private Sector
• Foreign Exchange regulations
• Increasing the lending by RBI

5 What is Fair Trade?

• Fair Trade aims to keep small farmers in World Market Place.
• It aims to empower consumer to make purchases that support their values.

6 Write any two principles of Fair Trade Practices

• Creating Opportunities for Economically backward producers
• Transparency and Accountability.

7 Write short note on TRIPs and TRIMs

44
 TRIP
• TRIP means Trade Related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.
• TRIPs agreement covers seven areas of intellectual’s Property rights
TRIM
• TRIM means Trade Related Investment Measures
• It restricts foreign investment
• It provides facilities for home industries

8 Write any tow Positive impact of Globalization.

• It increases the standard of living
• It increases the GDP of a country

UNIT 3 : FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION

1. Define Food Security according to FAO.

• According to FAO ‘s definition -
• Food security exists when all people, at all times, have safe and nutritious food for an active
and healthy life.

2. What are the basic components of food and nutrition Security ?

• Availability of Food
• Access to Food
• Absorption of Food

3. What is the role of FCI in Green Revolution ?

• Minimum support Price for the Food Grains

• Through FCI, the State procured the harvested grains.
• It built storage go downs and buffer stocks of food grains
4. What are the effects of Green Revolution ?
• India got self-sufficiency in food grain production.
• Reduction of Import of food grains.

5. Write some name of the nutrition Programmes in Tamil Nadu.

• Puratchi Thalaivar M.G.R Nutrition Meal Programme
• Tamil Nadu Integrated Nutrition Programme
• National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education
• Mid-day Meal Programme.

UNIT 4 : GOVERNMENT AND TAXES

1. Define Tax.
• Taxes are compulsory payment to government without expectation of direct return or benefit
to the tax payer

2. Why do we pay tax to the government?

45
 • To raise revenue to Government.
• To carry out the functions of
Transportation , Sanitation , Education , Healthcare , Public Safety , Military.

3. What are the types of Tax ? Give examples .

There are two types of Taxes :
• Direct Taxes : Income Tax, Wealth Tax and Corporate Tax
• Indirect Taxes : Stamp duty, Entertainment Tax, Excise and GST

4. Write short note on Goods and Services Tax.

• The GST was passed in Parliament on 29 March 2017.
• It came into effect on 1 July 2017.
• GST aims to replace all indirect taxes levied on goods and services.

5. What is Progressive Tax?

• When income increases, the tax rate also increases. This is known as Progressive Tax.
• Example : Income Tax .

6. What is meant by Black Money?

• The unaccounted money that is concealed from the tax administrator is called Black
Money.

7. What is Tax Evasion?

• Tax Evasion is the illegal evasion of taxes by Individuals, Corporations and Trusts.

8. Write any two differences between tax and payments ?

SL.NO. TAXES PAYMENTS

1 Compulsory Payment Voluntary Payment

2 Paid without any direct benefits Paid for getting any services

3 Ex : Income Tax, Wealth Tax Ex : Driving License fee

UNIT 5 : INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS IN TAMIL NADU

1. Why are wages low in the agricultural sector?

• Marginal productivity of land, labour productivity declines in the agricultural sector.
• Wages too cannot increase.

2. What is meant by an industrial cluster?

• An industrial cluster is a group of firms in a defined geographical area.
• They share common markets, technologies and skill requirements

3. Mention any three industrial development agencies in Tamil Nadu and their role .
• SIPCOT : It was formed to promote industrial growth in the state (1971)
• TIDCO : It was formed to promote industries in the state (1965)
• TANSI : It was formed to take over the small scale units. (1965)

4. What is meant by Entrepreneur?

46
 • Entrepreneur is an innovator of new ideas and business process.
• He possess management skills, strong team building abilities and leadership qualities.

5. What is Entrepreneurship?
• Entrepreneurship is a process of action an entrepreneur who undertakes to establish his
enterprise .
• It is the ability to create and build something.

6. What are the problems of industrialization currently in Tamil Nadu ?

• Chemicals, textiles and leather industries generate polluting effluents and affects health.
• Quality of employment has suffered.

5 & 8 MARKS
HISTORY
UNIT-1 OUTBREAK OF WORLD WAR I AND ITS AFTERMATH

1. Discuss the main causes of the First World War.

• European alliances and counter alliances
• Violent Forms of Nationalism - England - Jingoism
France - Chauvinism,
German - Kultur
• Aggressive attitude of German Emperor.
• Hostility of France towards Germany.
• The Balkan problems between Serbia, Greece and Hungary.
• Immediate Cause – Murder of Austrian Prince Ferdinand in Bosnia.

2. Estimate the work done by the League of Nations, pointing out the reasons for its
failure.

Activities of the League of Nations:

1. Issue on Aaland Islands - Between Sweden and Finland
2. Issue on Silesia - Between Poland and Germany
3. Issue between Greece and Bulgaria - Greece paid reparations.
Reasons for Failure:
1. Lack of strong membership
2. League had no power
3. League had no army
4. ‘Collective Security“ could not be applied.
3. Highlight the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles relating to Germany.
• Germany had to pay war indemnity.
• German army was limited.
• Allowed to have Air force and Submarines.
• Germany gave up all her over-sea possessions.
• Union of Austria and Germany was forbidden.
• Poland was recreated.
• Rhineland was demilitarized.
• All German colonies became man dated territories.
• Alsace – Loraine was returned to France.
47
UNIT-2 THE WORLD BETWEEN TWO WORLD WARS

4. Attempt a narrative account of how the process of Decolonization happened in India

During the Inter- War period (1913-1939).
• Decolonization started with Swadeshi Movement (1905)
• The Government of India Act (1919) Introduced Dyarchy
• Lack of measures to Industrialize India
• The Great Depression Disastrous impact on British Trade
Death blow to Indian Agriculture
• The Government of India Act (1935) --- Provided greater power to the Local Government.
• Provincial elections were introduced.

UNIT-3 WORLD WAR II

5. Analyse the effects of World War–II.

• New Geo - political power alignment.
• The World was polarised into Two main blocks-America and Russia.
• Cold war between America and Russia
• Race of Nuclear weapons.
• Emergence of International agencies - UNO , The World Bank, IMF
• Colonies became independent nations.
• Women economically independent.
• Socio – Economic changes took place.

6. Asses the structure and the activities of the UN.

• UN headquarter – New york.
• Started on14th October, 1945.
• 193 member nations.
Structure of the UN
• General Assembly
• Secretariat The Executive wing of the UN
• Security Council (15 members).
• Permanent members - (5)
* USA, Britain, France, Russia ,China
* Has the right to Vote.
• Temporary members -(10)
* elected in rotation
• The Economic and Social Council
• The trusteeship council
• The International court of justice The Judicial wing of the UN.
• World Bank.
• The other Important Organs of the UN FAO, WHO, UNESCO, UNICEF, UNDP.

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Activities of the UN
• In 1960, Decolonisation
• Peace keeping forces - maintaining peace in the World
• Human rights
• Problems of refugees
• Climate change
• Gender equality

UNIT-5 SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS IN THE 19tH CENTURY

7. Discuss the circumstances that led to the Reform Movements of 19th Century.
Reasons for the rise of Reform Movements:

• English Education
• Educated Middle Class
• Indian Reformists
• Revivalists
Social evils that led to the rise of reform Movements
• Sati
• Female In feticide
• Polygamy
• Child Marriage.
• Superstitious beliefs
• Denial of Female Education
• Ban on Widow Remarriage

8. Write an essay on the role played by the 19th century reformers towards the causes of Women.
Work done by the 19th century reformers for the development of Women

1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy Sati

Opposed Child Marriage
Polygamy

Women Education
Supported
Widow Re- Marriage
2. Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar Schools for Girls
Betterment of the child widows
3. Mahadev Govind Ranade Widow Marriage Association
Promoted Inter-Caste marriage
4. Swami Dayanand Saraswathi Opposed child marriage
Supported widow remarriage
5. Jyotiba Phule & Savitri Bai Phule Widows
Opened Homes for
orphanages
Child marriage
6. Parsi Reform Movement Against the practise of
Dowry system

7. Baba Ram Singh Both men and women are equal

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 9. Evaluate the contributions of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa and Swami Vivekananda
to regenerate Indian Society.
I. Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
His Principles:
• Through devotional songs – attain God’s grace
• Al living beings are God
• “Jiva is Siva”
• Service for man is service to God
His Achievements:
1. Attracted young youth
2. His disciples spread his teachings in India and abroad.
II. Swami Vivekananda
• Established Ramakrishna Mission – Kolkatta, Belur.
• Emphasized a cultural nationalism
• His ideas bred a sense of self-confidence among Indians.
• Made a call to Indian youth to regenerate Hindu society.
• Famous for his addresses at the world Congress Religions in Chicago

UNIT-6 EARLY REVOLTS AGAINST BRITISH RULE IN TAMIL NADU

10. Attempt an essay of the heroic fight Veerapandya Kattabomman conducted

Against the East India Company.

Contention between Kattabomman and English.

• Veerapandya Kattabomman became the Palayakkarar of Panchalamkurichi.
• The Company appointed its Collectors to collect taxes from all the Palayams.
• The Collectors used forces to collect the taxes.
Clash between collector Jackson and Kattabomman.
• Kattabomman refused to pay the land tax.
• Collector Jackson ordered Kattabomman to meet him.
• Kattabomman had to stand for hours.
• He was insulted by the British.
• He escaped with the help of Omaithurai.
Kattabomman and the Confederacy of Palayakkarars
• Kattabomman joined with South Indian Liberal Federation formed by Marudhu Brothers.
Seige of Panchalamkurichi
• Kattabomman escaped to Pudukottai
Execution of Kattabomman
• He was captured and hanged in Kayathar.

11. Account for the Outbreak of the Vellore Revolt in 1806.

• In 1806 July 10 the Indian Sepoys started the revolt against the British in Vellore fort.

Grievances of Indian soldiers

• Low salary
• Treated unequally
• No promotion given
• Ban on religious symbols
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 New military regulation of Sir John Cradock
• Clean shave and uniform moustache
• Introduction of New Turban
Outbreak and Consequences of Revolt :

• On 10th July the Indian Sepoys started the revolt

• Indian sepoys shot down the British Officers.
• The revolt was suppressed by Col. Gillespie
• Tippu’s sons were sent to Calcutta.
• Military regulations were withdrawn.

12. Trace the career of Velunachiyar.

• Velunachiyar was born in1730 and married at the age of 16.
• Her father was Sellamuthu Sethupathi. (Raja of Ramanathapuram).
• She was trained Valari and Stick Fighting.
• She was skilled in horse riding and archery.
• She was proficiency in English, French and Urdu
• In 1772 Arcot Nawab and Company troops attacked Kalaiyar Koil Palace.
• Her husband Muthu Vadugar killed in the battle.
• She was under protection of Gopala Nayakar for 8 years.
• She asked the help of Hyder Ali to fight the English.
• She recaptured Sivagangai and crowned as Queen.
• She was the first woman ruler to oppose British rule in India.

UNIT-7 ANTI- COLONIAL MOVEMENTS AND THE BIRTH OF NATIONALISM

13. Discuss the causes and consequences of Revolt 1857.

Causes of revolt 1857:

I. Annexation Policy of British India

• The Doctrine of Paramountcy.

• The Doctrine of Lapse.
II. Social Changes - Abolition of Sati, Child Marriage, Polygamy etc.
III. Economic causes - Tax system
IV. Discrimination - Low salary and promotion for Indians in army.

V. Immediate cause - The introduction of ‘New Enfield Riffle’.

III. Consequences of Revolt of 1857:
• End of the East India Company.
• India became a Crown Colony
• 1858-Queen Victoria’s Magna – Carta implemented.

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 14. What were the causes for the failure of the Great Rebellion (Revolt) of 1857?

The causes for the failure of the Great Rebellion (Revolt) of 1857:

• The Revolt was not organised and planned.

• Absence of a Central Authority.
• Lack of enthusiasm among the Indian Princess
• Lack of weapons
• Lack of discipline among the soldiers
• South Indians were not participated.

UNIT-8 NATIONALISM : GANDHIAN PHASE

15. Examine the factors that led to the transformation of Gandhi into a mass leader.

The factors that led to the transformation of Gandhi into a mass leader.

Gandhiji followed Ahimsa and Non Violence.

1. Racial discrimination in SouthAfrica

When Gandhi was in Africa he fought for the rights of the Indians and racial discrimination followed
in South Africa
2. Champaran Satyagraha in Bihar
• Tinkathia system was abolished by the efforts of Gandhiji.
3. Ahamedabad Mill strike and Kheda Satyagraha
4. Non-Co Operation Movement
• Opposed Rowlatt Act and Jalllian Walabagh Massacre
• Gandhi started the Non-Cooperation Movement
5. No tax campaign
• No tax campaign in Bardoli in February1922.
6. Constructive Programme of Gandhi
Focussed on --

• Promoting Khadi,
• Hindu – Muslim unity
• The abolition of Untouchability.
7. Civil Disobedient Movement
• To attain Poorna swaraj
• Salt March towards Dandi - to abolish Salt Tax
8. Do or Die
• Gandhi gave a call to Do or Die - Resolution demanding an immediate END to British Rule
9. People leader – Father of Nation
• Quit India movement1942
• These factors made Gandhi as a national Leader

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 UNIT-9 FREEDOM STRUGGLE IN TAMIL NADU

16. Describe the role of Tamil Nadu in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
• Gandhiji launched the Civil Disobedience Movement.
• Tamil Nadu was in the forefront of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
• It was a mass movement with the participation of -
• Students
• Shop-Keepers
• Workers
• Women etc.,
• In the City of Madras
• People agitate.
• Shops were picketed
• Boycott of foreign goods
• Mill Workers struck across the Province.
• Swadesi song sung by people in mass rallies.
• People were picketed before the shops.
• Rajaji led Salt Satyagraha Marchto Vedaranyam and was arrested.
• Namakkal V. Ramalinganar, Sathya Murthy, and Tirupur Kumaran were participated.

17.Discuss the response to Swadeshi Movement in TamilNadu.

The response to Swadeshi Movement in TamilNadu.

• The partition of Bengal (1905) led to Swadeshi Movement.

• Boycotted Foreign Goods
• Promoted national Education
• Patriotic songs of Subramania Bharathi
• Many Journals were started
• Students and Youth were participated
• Tirunelveli Uprising
• No tax Compaign took place.
• V.O.C. started Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company.
• Tamil was used for the First time to mobilise the people.
• Public Meetings attended by thousands of people in various parts of Tamil Nadu.

UNIT-10 SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN TAMIL NADU

18. Estimate Periyar E.V.R’s decisive contribution to the social transformation of Tamil Nadu.
• Erode Rationalist.
• EVR Started Self Respect Movement.
• Supported Self respect and inter caste marriages.
• Condemned superstitious belief and rituals.
• Condemned child marriage and Devadasi system.
• Criticized Kula Kalvi Thittam
• Opposed caste based discrimination in Cheran Madevi Gurukulam
• Supported Khadi Sale.
• Supported prohibition of alchohol
• Succeeded temple entry movement at Vaikom (Kerala)
• Emphasised women’s right to divorce, property and adoption.
• Fought for Women Empowerment
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19. Describe the background for the formation of the Justice Party and point out its
contribution to the cause of social justice.
• Formation of Justice party in November 20, 1916.
Important leaders-
• T.M.Nair,
• Thiyagarayar
• Natesanar
Published News papers in -
• Dravidan - Tamil
• Justice - English
• Andhra Prakashika - Telugu
• Formed First Ministry in Madras.
Contribution of Justice party
• Hindu religious Endowment Act1926.
• Staff Selection Board in1924.
• Voting right given to Women.
• Mid Day meal
• Free Patta given to poor
GOEGRAPHY
1. Explain the Divisions of Northern Mountains and its importance to India.
Three Divisions are
• The Trans – Himalayas
• Himalayas
• Eastern Himalayas
Importance of Himalayas.
• Natural barrier.
• Pilgrim Centres
• Paradise of tourists.
• Source for perennial rivers.
• Block South West Monsoon wind
• Causes heavy rainfall to North India.
• Provides raw materials.

2. Give an account on the major Peninsular rivers of India.

• The rivers in South India are called the Peninsular rivers.
• It originates from the Western Ghats
• Seasonal rivers
East flowing rivers
• Mahanadi - Odisha
• Godavari - Longest
• Krishna - Second Longest
• Cauvery - Ganga of the South
• Tamirabarani
West flowing rivers
• Narmada - Longest
• Tapti. - One of the major river

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 3. Give a detailed account on the basin of the Ganga.
• Origin Place - Gangotri Glacier in Uttar Pradesh.
• Largest drainage system of India.
• Many towns are developed on the banks of the river Ganga.
• Ganga plain - densely populated area .
• Its length is 2525 km Major Tributaries
• Gomati, Gandak, Kosi, Ghaghra, Yamuna, Son and Chambal.

4. Write about South West Monsoon.

• Onset of the monsoon – First week of June
• Sudden approach of monsoon – lightning and thunder - ” Burst of Monsoon “

Two branches.
• One Branch - Arabian Sea
• Other Branch – Bay of Bengal
• India receives 75 % of rainfall
• Tamil Nadu receives low rainfall.

5. Describe the forests of India.

Types of Forests Annual Rainfall Growing trees Distribution

1.Tropical Evergreen Rubber, rosewood, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala,

200 cm. or more
Forests coconut, bamboo, Assam
Punjab, Haryana, West Bengal,
2.Tropical Deciduous
100 to 200 cm Sandalwood, Rosewood, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil
Forest
Nadu
3.Tropical Dry Forest Haryana, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh,
50 to100 cm Banyan, Palas, , Bamboo
: and East Tamil Nadu.
4. Desert Or Semi- Less than 50
Babul, wild palms North – West India , Deccan
Desert Vegetation cm
North Eastern mountains Jammu,
5. Mountain Forests More than 200 cm Sal, silver fir, pine,
Kashmir
Deltas of Ganga- Brahmaputra
6. Tidal Forest Delta or swamp forests.
Mahanadi, Godavari and Krishna
7. Coastal Forest Palm and Coconut Coasts of Kerala and Goa

8. Riverine Forest Tamarind trees Great Plains

6. Write any five types of soil India and explain the characteristics and distribution of soil.

Soil Name Characteristics Growing crops Distribution

Rich in Potash,
Rice, Wheat, Sugarcane and Ganga valleys, Plains of U.P,
1. Alluvial Soil Phosphoric acid.
Oilseeds Punjab.
Dark colour
Sticky when wet. Cotton, Millets, and Sugarcane Maharashtra, Telungana,
2. Black Soil
Black in colour Kathiawar
Rich in iron and Wheat, Rice, Cotton, Deccan Plateau , Kerala,
3. Red Soil Sugarcane and Pulses
Magnesium. Tamil Nadu, Karnataka
4. Laterite Composed by iron and Coffee, Rubber, Cashew nut Assam Hills, Kerala,
Soil Aluminium and Tapioca. Karnataka.
5. Forest and Light, sandy, thin with Coffee, tea, rice, maize, potato Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal
Mountain Soil pieces of rocks Pradesh.
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7. Write about any two Multipurpose projects of India.

• Scientific management of water resources.

• Agriculture - Hydro Power Generation - drinking water - Industrial Purpose

Tamil Nadu – Kaveri Mettur Dam

• Largest Dam in Tamil Nadu
• Benefit state– Tamil Nadu
• Very useful for the farmers of Erode, Karur, Trichy, Tanjore and Nagapattinam.
• Hydro Power generation

Orissa – Mahanadi Hirakud Project.

• Longest dam in the world
• Benefit state– Orissa

8. Bring out the characteristics of Intensive and Plantation farming.

INTENSIVE FARMING :

• Aims to maximize yields

• Applied to the raising of livestock
• They are known as factory farms.
• Practiced in Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh in India.

PLANTATION FARMING:

• Tea, Coffee, Rubber and Spices are the major Plantation crops of India.
• Cultivation - large estates on hill slopes.
• Purpose for exports.
• Practiced in Punjab, Meghalaya, Haryana, UP, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarkhand
Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu

9. Examine the geographical conditions favourable for the cultivation of rice and wheat.

Rice
• Indigenous crop
• Tropical crop
• Second largest producer in the world
• needs a mean temperature of 24° C
• Annual rainfall of 150 cm.
• Deep fertile, Clayey or loamy soils are suited

Wheat
• Second most important food crop
• Staple food of North India.
• grows well Indo Gangetic Plain.
• requires temperature of 10-15 ° C
• Major Wheat growing states :Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar.

10. Write about the distribution of Cotton Textile Industries in India.

• INDIA is the third largest producer of cotton in the world.
• Manchester of India – Mumbai.
• The largest sources of employment generation in the country.
• There are 1,719 textiles in India.
• The higher concentration of textile mills in and around.

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MAJOR COTTON TEXTILE INDUSTRIES
Maharashtra
Gujarat
West Bengal
Punjab
Tamil Nadu
Madhya Pradesh

MANCHESTER OF SOUTH INDIA (COIMBATORE)

Erode
Tiruppur
Karur
Chennai

11. Describe the major challenges of Indian industries.

Problems of Industry:
• Shortage in power supply.
• Non availability of Large blocks of Land.
• High rate of interest for borrowed loan.
• Non availability of cheap labourers.
• Lack of technical and vocational training for employees.
Challenges of Indian Industries
• Wealth creation and sharing
• Create jobs
• Balanced Regional development.
• GDP and Per capita income.
• Standard of living
• Exports
• Community development
• Entrepreneurship.

12. What is urbanization? Explain its problem.

• The Process of Society’s Transformation from rural to Urban is known as Urbanization.

Major Problems of Urbanisation:
• It creates urban sprawl.
• Makes overcrowding in urban centres.
• Leads to shortage of houses in urban areas.
• Leads to the formation of slums.
• Increases traffic congestion in cities.
• Creates Water Scarcity in cities.
• Creates Drainage problem
• Increases the rate of crimes.

13. Explain the importance of satellite communication in India.

• Weather forecasting
• Monitoring of Natural calamities
• Relaying signals to television, telephone, radio, mobile phones.

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Types of Satellite
1. INSAT
2. IRS
Major Communication Satellites
• GSAT SERIES
• KALPANA-1
• HAMSAT
• EDUSAT .
• GSAT-7A
• Chandrayan -2

14. Classify and explain the roadways.

National Highways ( NH)

It Connects capitals of states, major ports and Rail junctions.

State Highways
It link important cities, towns and District Head Quarters

District Roads
It connects the State Highways and National Highways.

Village Roads
It links the Village roads with towns.

Border Roads
It is maintained by BRO.

International Highways
It link India with neighbouring countries.

15. Write an account on river Cauvery.

• Cauvery originates at Talacauvery ( Karnataka, Western Ghats)
• About 416 KM of its course falls in Tamil nadu.
• It forms Hogenakkal waterfalls in Dharmapuri district.
• Tributaries are Bhavani, Noyyal and Amaravathi
Two branches
1. Northern branch - Kollidam
2. Southern branch - Cauvery

•Cauvery delta is formed - Trichy, Thanjavur and Nagai.

• Cauvery delta is called as the “Garden of Southern India”.

16. Explain the characteristic features of summer and winter seasons of Tamil Nadu. Summer
Season

• March to May – Sun’s rays fall vertically over South India.

• Temperature varies from 30 ℃ to 40 ℃ - convectional rainfall

Winter Season
• January and February
• Tamil Nadu receives slanting rays from the sun.
• Temperature varies from 15 ℃ to 25 ℃ - practically dry

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17. What are the RISK Reduction measures taken before and after cyclone?
Measures taken before cyclone
• Ignore rumours
• stay calm
• Don't be panic,
• Keep your mobile phone charged
• listen to the radios and watch T.V.
• Read newspaper for weather updates.
• Keep your document
• Prepare emergency kits
• Fisherman should keep a radio set.
• Keep boats and rafts tied up safely.
Measures taken after cyclone
• Strictly avoid loose electrical wires.
• Beware of snakes and other animals.

18. Describe the nature of the plateau region of Tamil Nadu. Location
• Between the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats.
• Triangular in shape
• It covers about 60,000 sq.km.
• Its height increases from east to west.
• Height ranges between 150 and 600 meters.
Bharamahal plateau
•It is a part of the Mysore plateau and Tamil Nadu.
• Height ranges from 350 to 710 meters.

Coimbatore plateau
• Between the Nilgiris and Dharmapuri districts.
• Height varies from 150 to 450 meters.
• lies in Salem, Coimbatore and Erode districts.

Sigur plateau
• It found in the region of Nilgiris
Madurai plateau
• It found in Madurai district

19. Bring out the mineral distribution in Tamilnadu.

• Lignite - Neyveli
• Oil and gas - Cauvery Basin
• Iron - Kanjamalai Salem District and Kalrayanmalai Thiruvannamalai District.
• Magnesite - Salem District
• Bauxite - Servarayan hills, Palani hills and Kollimalai area.
• Gypsum - Tiruchi, Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi, Virudhunagar
• Limestone - Coimbatore, Cuddalore, Dindigul, Kancheepuram, Karur, Namakkal,
Perambalur, Ramathapuram.

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 20. Write about the plantation farming of Tamil Nadu.

Tea : Tamil Nadu ranks second in the production of tea.

Nilgiris, Coimbatore, Yercaud, Madurai, Theniand Dharmapuri.
Coffee : Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.
Rubber : Kanyakumari, Eastern ghats and Western Ghats
Cashew : Cuddalore district.
Cinchona : Anaimalai hills.
Cardamom : Madurai region.
Pepper : Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.

21. Explain the different modes of transport available in Tamilnadu.

Roadways
• The total road length of 1,67,000 Km.
• It links National Highways and State Highways
• Corporation - Municipality - Village panchayat roads.
Rail ways
• Chennai - headquarter of Southern Railway
• Chennai has suburban and a MRTS.
Airways
• It connects several parts of our nation.
• Chennai, Tiruchi, Madurai and Coimbatore has International airport.
Waterways
• Major ports are Chennai, Ennore and Tuticorin
• Minor ports are Nagapattinam, Cuddalore, Kulachal.

22. Write about road safety rules.

Tamil nadu leads in the number of road accident

Road safety rules

• Aware of the road signals.
• Stop, look and cross.
• Don’t rush on roads.
• Cross roads in pedestrian crossings.
• Don’t use Mobile phone while driving.

CIVICS
1. Explain the salient features of the Constitution of India.
• Written Constitution
• Lengthiest constitutions of the world.
• Partly Rigid and Partly Flexible
• Drawn from different sources
• Parliamentary democracy
• Secularism
• Federalism
• Judicial Independence
• Provision of fundamental rights
• Principles for a welfare state
• Single citizenship
• Emergency Provisions
• Protection of minorities
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2. Point out the Fundamental Rights.
Right to Equality
• Art 14 - Equality before law.
Right to Freedom
• Freedom of Speech & Education
Right Against Exploitation
• Prohibition of forced labour.
Right to Religion
• Freedom of practice of any religion
Cultural & Educational Rights
• Protection of language & culture of minorities
Rights to Constitutional Remedies
• Remedy for the violation of Citizens rights
3. Write briefly on the Right to Constitutional Remedies.
• It is called the “ Guardian of the Constitution ’’.
• A writ is an order issued by a court in writing under its seal.
• Issues this command to prohibit certain acts.
There are five types of Writs.
Habeas Corpus
Mandamus
Prohibition
Certiorari
Quowarranto
4. Describe the Executive and Judicial powers of the President of India.
• The president is the nominal and executive authority.
• He is the First citizen of India.
Executive powers
• He is responsible for making a wide variety of appointments.
• He appoints - Prime Minister - council of Ministers
Judicial Powers
• Under Article 72 he grants Pardon, reprieves, respites or to commute the sentence of any person
convicted of an offence.

5. What are the Duties and functions of Prime Minister of India.

• Decides the rank of his minister.
• Formation of the ministry
• Head of the Cabinet and the other ministers
• Supervises the works of ministers
• Converse government affairs
• Acts as a link between the President and ministers
• Leader of the Nation.
• Chief Spokes person of the country.
• Attends conferences like Common wealth and SAARC.
6. Critically examine the Powers and Functions of the Parliament.
The Powers and Functions of the Parliament
• Change the boundaries of the States.
• Legislation
• Passing budget
• Discussion of development plans
• International relations and internal policies
• Impeach the President
• Remove the Judges of the Supreme and High Courts, Chief Election Commissioner,.
• Asking questions and supplementary questions
• Moving motions of adjournment
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7. What are the powers and functions of the Chief Minister ?
• Real head of State
• Presides over meetings
• Responsible to Legislative Assembly
• He shuffles and reshuffles his ministry.
• Guides, directs, controls all the ministers.
• He advises the Governor in the appointment of the officials.
• Announces the Government policies
• Introduces the bills in the legislative assembly
• Recommend for the dissolution of the legislative assembly.

8. Describe the legislative powers of the Governor:

• The Governor is the head of the state
• Address the state legislature - First session of each year.
• Right to summon, postpone the state legislature
• Dissolve the state legislative assembly.
• Appoint any member -Speaker and Deputy Speaker vacant
• Nominates one member Anglo- Indian Community.
• Nominates 1 /6 of the members - State legislative Council
• Every bill become law only after his sign
• Announce ordinances – state legislature is not in session.

9. Write a detailed note on Non-alignment.

AIMS
• Maintain national independence in foreign affairs.
• Staying away from the two alliances. ( USA and USSR)

Membership
• 120 countries, 17 states (observers) and 10 international organizations.
Founding fathers of NAM.
• Jawaharlal Nehru - India
• Tito - Yugoslavia
• Nasser - Egypt
• Sukarno - Indonesia
• Kwame Nkrumah - Ghana

10. Discuss the core determinants of India’s foreign policy?

• Geographical position and size of territory
• Nation’s history, traditions and philosophical basis.
• Natural resources
• Economic development
• Political stability
• The necessity of peace and disarmament
• Military strength
• International milieu

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11. Reasons for the BRICS.

• Alternate to World Bank.

• Carry out development in member nations.
Objectives:
• To achieve regional development.
• To set up a more equitable world.
• To solve the problems of member nations.
• Bridge between developed and developing countries.
• Development of Humanity

12. Mention OPEC missions and how does it help other countries
• To co-ordinate oil policies - member countries
• To secure fair income to petroleum producers.
• Help oil markets
• Regular supply of oil to consuming nations.
• Grants to social and humanitarian projects.
• Financial help to other countries.

ECONOMICS
UNIT 1 : GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND ITS GROWTH : AN INTRODUCTION
1. Briefly explain various terms associated with measuring of National Income .
1. Gross National Product (GNP)
GNP = C + I + G + ( X – M ) + NFIA
2. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Total value of goods and services within geographical boundaries of the country.
3. Net National Product (NNP)
NNP = GNP - Depreciation
4. Net Domestic Product (NDP)
NDP = GDP - Depreciation
5. Per Capita Income (PCI)
Per Capita Income = National Income
Population
6. Personal Income (PI)
Total money income received before direct taxes
7. Disposable Income (DI)
DPI = PI - Direct Taxes

2. What are the methods of calculating Gross Domestic Product and Explain its?
Methods of calculating GDP.
1. Expenditure Approach :
Y = C + I + G + ( x - M)
2. The Income Approach :
Y = Wages + rent + interest + profit
3. Value Added Approach :
Tea powder + milk + sugar = Tea
{ Intermediate Goods} { Final output}

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3. Write about the composition of GDP in India .

PRIMARY SECTOR ( Agricultural Sector )

• Cattle farming, fishing, mining, forestry, corn, Coal etc

SECONDARY SECTOR ( Industrial Sector )

• Iron and Steel Industry, Cotton Textile, Jute, Sugar, Cement , Paper , Petro Chemical
, Automobile and other small Scale industries.

TERTIARY SECTOR ( Service Sector )

• Government, scientific research, transport, communication, trade, postal and
telegraph, Banking, Education, Entertainment, Healthcare, IT etc.,

4. Write any five differences between the Growth and Development .

GROWTH DEVELOPMENT

Concept Narrower Concept Broader Concept

Term Short term in nature Long term in nature

Applicability Developed Nation Developing Economies

Frequency In a certain period of time Continuous process

Measurement Increase in real national income

Increase in National Income
Techniques i.e., Per Capita Income

5. Explain the following Economic Policies.

1. Agricultural Policy
2. Industrial Policy
3. New Economic Policy

1. Agricultural Policy :
• Development of domestic Agriculture
• Farmers earn more income
• Elimination of Agricultural Risks

2. Industrial Policy :
• Provides Employment opportunities
• Creating new Technology
• Ex : Sugar Industrial Policy, Textile Industrial Policy

3. New Economic Policy :

• Liberalization
• Globalization
• Privatisation
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 UNIT 2 : GLOBALIZATION AND TRADE
1. Briefly explain the advantages and disadvantages of MNC.

• Multi National Corporations (MNC) control production in more than one country.
Advantages of MNC
• Production of goods at lower cost
• Reduces Prices
• Increase the purchasing power of consumers world wide
• Growth of Job Opportunities
• Able to take advantage of Tax variation
Disadvantages of MNC
• Way to develop a monopoly (for certain products)
• Detrimental effect on the environment
• Lead to the downfall of smaller, local business
• Breach ethical standards.

2. Write about the World Trade Organisation (WTO).

• The world trade organization was set up in 1994.

• Came into force on January 1, 1995
• At present there are 164 member countries.
• Its headquarters is in Geneva, Switzerland.

Members of WTO :
• Director General, Four Deputy Director General,
• 600 Official Staff from around 80 member countries

Objectives of WTO :
• To set and enforce rules for international trade.
• To resolve trade disputes.
• Introducing sustainable development and environment.
• Increase the transparency in decision making process.
• Ensure full employment.

3. Write the challenges of Globalization .

Global Competition:
• In wages,
• Labour rights
• Employment practices, etc…
Consumption of junk food
• Degradation of health
• Spread of diseases.
Various Problems :
• Child labour
• Slavery
• Environmental degradation
• Global imbalance.
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 UNIT 3 : FOOD SECURITY AND NUTIRITION
1. Elucidate why Green Revolution was born
Famine :
• Food production decreased
• India importing food products from other countries.
Main Cause:
• The growth of population in India.
• USA (‘ Ship to Mouth’ Existence)
Extended assistance through its Public Law 480 (PL 480) scheme.
Key Contributors of the Green Revolution
• Dr. Norman Porlae , Father of Green Revolution.
• Dr. M.S. Swaminathan
Effect of Green Revolution 1967
• Self - Sufficiency in food grain production.
• Rural employment
• Economic Growth.

2. Explain Minimum Support Price .

• Minimum Support Price is a price fixed by an expert group for a particular crop.
• Opening of procurement centres
( in places where the crops are widely grown)
• Farmers would get an assured price
• Farmers : Free to sell in the open market, if they get a better price for their produce.
• Farmers : saved against any price crash.

3. Elaborate the Public Distribution System (PDS)

• Tamil Nadu has adopted an “Universal” PDS .

• The rest of the States in India has a “Targeted” PDS.
• Under the universal PDS all the family ration Cardholders are entitled to the supplies from
PDS.
• In the targeted PDS, the beneficiaries are identified based on certain criteria.
• Both the Union and the State governments subsidised the supplies.
• Tamilnadu supplies Rice at a free of cost to all card holders.

4. What are the factors affecting the Purchasing power and explain them.

• Purchasing Power : The financial ability to buy produce.

Factors affecting Purchasing Power :
• Over Population
Large population leads to increase demand, but supply not equal to the demand
• Increasing Prices of essential goods
The continuous rise in the prices erodes the purchasing power and adversely affect the poor
people.
• Demand for goods
When demand for goods increases, the price increases, then the purchasing power is
affected.
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 • Price of goods affect the value of Currency
When the price increases the purchasing power decreases : value of currency decreases.
• Production and Supply of Goods
The production and supply of goods decline, the price of goods increases, affects purchasing
power.
• Poverty and inequality
There exists a huge economic disparity in the Indian economy. Generally Purchasing power
is affected by poverty and unequal distribution of wealth also.

5. What are the main objectives of the new Agricultural Policy.

The New Agricultural Policy was announced by the Central Government in 2018.
Objectives :-
• Raising agricultural production and the level of income of farmers.
• Raising the productivity of inputs
• Raising value-added per hectare
• Protecting the interests of poor farmers
• Modernising agricultural sector
• Environmental degradation

UNIT 4. GOVERNMENT AND TAXES

1. Explain some direct and indirect Taxes.

I. DIRECT TAXES ;
• Imposed on an individual or organization ,
• It is paid directly.
Income tax
• Based on the income of a person.
Wealth tax
• levied on the individuals and companies
Corporate tax
• levied on companies
• Foreign companies are taxed on income.

II. INDIRECT TAXES

Stamp duty
• Paid on official documents. (marriage, registration)
Entertainment tax
• Paid on movie tickets,
• tickets to amusement parks, exhibitions and
• sports
Excise duty
• Duty on manufactured goods at the movement of manufacture.
GST
• It is also an indirect tax. The motto is one nation, one market , one Tax.

III. Write the Structure of G S T .

• The G.S.T was passed on 29 March 2017
• The motto is : One Nation, One Market, One Tax

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 State Goods and Services Tax (SGST)
• Value Added Tax (VAT) / Sales Tax , Purchase Tax, Entertainment Tax.
Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST)
• Central Excise Duty, Service Tax , Educational Cess.
Integrated Goods and Services Tax (IGST)
• Covers Four major GST Rates : 5 %, 12 % , 18% and 28 %

2. What is Black money ? Write the causes of black money .

Black Money :
• The unaccounted money
• It is concealed from the tax administrator
Causes of Black Money :
• Shortage of goods
• Licensing proceeding
• Contribution of the industrial sector
• Smuggling ( Ex : Gold)
• Tax Structure ( If tax rate is high, more black money is generated)

UNIT 5. INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS IN TAMIL NADU

1. What is the important characteristic of successful industrial clusters?
• Geographical proximity of small and medium Enterprises.
• Sectoral specialisation
• Close inter - firm collaboration
• Inter - firm competition based on innovation
• Multi - skilled workforce
• Active self - help organisations
• Socio - cultural identity
• Supportive Regional and Municipal Governments

2. Write about the Textile Industry Cluster in Tamil Nadu ?

Tamil Nadu is the home to the largest Textile sector in the country.
Coimbatore
• Manchester of South India
• Most of the Spinning Mills are in Coimbatore
Erode and Salem Region
• Have large number of Power loom units
Tirupur
• Famous production of Cotton Knitwear
Karur
• Major centre of export of home furnishings like Table cloth, curtains, bed covers and towels
Bhavani and Kumarapalayam
• Major Centres of production of Carpets
• Both for domestic and the global markets
Madurai and Kanchipuram
• The traditional artisanal clusters
• Produce Silk and cotton handloom sarees.

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3. Write in detail about the types of policies adopted by the Tamil Nadu Government to industrialise.
Education
• Industries require skilled human resources
• Lot of attention to Primary Education
• Tamil Nadu is Known for its vast supply of technical human resources
• Home to one of the largest number of Engineering colleges, Polytechnics .
Infrastructure
• Tamil Nadu is known for its excellent transport infrastructure
• A combination of Public and Private Transport and road facility, facilitate rural to urban
connectivity making small producer to market better.
Industrial Promotion
• Policies to promote specific sectors like automobile, auto components, bio technology and
information and communication
• Establishment of Several Industrial Promotion Agencies in the State.

1. Explain the role of an Entrepreneur.

• Entrepreneur promotes development of Industries
• Helps in industrialising in rural and backward areas.
• Helps the country to increase the GDP and PCI
• Promotes Capital formation
• Provides large-scale employment to artisans and technically qualified persons
• Enables the people to avail better quality of goods at lower prices.
• Helps to improve their standard of living .

TIME LINE
1900 -1920
YEAR Indian History World History
1905 Partition of Bengal
1912 I Balkan War
1914 I World War Started
1917 Champaran Satayagraha
1918 Kheda Satayagraha I World war Ended
1919 Rowlatt Act Paris Peace Conference
1920 Khilafat Movement League of Nations

1920 -1940
YEAR Indian History World History
1920 Khilafat Movement League of Nations
1922 Chauri Chaura Incident Mussolini March on Rome
1929 Lahore Congress Great Depression
1930 Salt Satyagraha
1934 Long March
1940 August Offer Britain War
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 1930 -1950
YEAR Indian History World History

1930 Salt Satyagraha

1934 Long March
1939 II World War Started
1940 August Offer Britain War
1942 Cripps Mission Stalingrad War
1945 Wavel Plan II World War Ended
1946 Interim Government

TIME LINE
World History )1900-1920)

1 UNIT = 10 YEARS

1900

1910

I Balkan War (1912)

I World War Started (1914)

I World war Ended (1918)

Paris Peace Conference (1919)
1920 League of Nations (1920)

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 TIME LINE
World History (1920-1940)
1 UNIT = 10 YEARS

1920 League of Nations (1920)

Mussolini March on Rome (1922)

Great Depression (1929)

1930

Long March (1934)

1940 Britain War (1940)

TIME LINE
World History(1930-1950)
1 UNIT = 10 YEARS

1930

Long March (1934)

II World War Started (1939)

1940 Britain War (1940)

Stalingrad War(1942)

II World War Ended (1945)

1950

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 TIME LINE
Indian History(1900-1920)
1 UNIT = 10 YEARS

1900

Partition of Bengal (1905)

1910

Champaran Satayagraha (1917)

Kheda Satayagraha (1918)
Rowlatt Act (1919)
1920 Khilafat Movement (1920)

TIME LINE
Indian History(1920-1940)
1 UNIT = 10 YEARS

1920 Khilafat Movement (1920)

Chauri Chaura Incident (1922)

Lahore Congress (1929)

1930 Salt Satyagraha (1930)

1940 August Offer (1940)

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 TIME LINE
Indian History(1930-1950)
1 UNIT = 10 YEARS
1930 Salt Satyagraha (1930)

1940 August Offer (1940)

Cripps Mission (1942)

Wavel Plan (1945)

Interim Government (1946)

1950

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