REMINDERS:

01 02
NO GADGETS Written Works
Do NOT use your phone Summative Test 1 – Sept 8
or smart watch in any Summative Test 2 – Sept 15
means during class
session.

03 04
Summative Test#3 Missed Exams
September 22, 2023 Present an admission slip to
take the missed exam
Friday
 If you THINK you
CAN, then you CAN,
but if you THINK you
CAN’T then you’re
CORRECT.
The only way to LEARN
Mathematics is to DO
Mathematics.
-Paul Halmos
Recall
Geometric Sequence
Is a sequence whose term is obtained by
multiplying the preceding term by same
constant called common ratio.

formula
𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
Recall
Find the next missing term of the following sequence.

6 18,…
1. 2, _,
-3 9 -27,…
2. 1, _, _,
125 25 5
3. 625, _ , _ , _,1,…
 Module4:
Finding Geometric Means and
Sum of Geometric Sequence
 Geometric Means
terms 𝑚1 , 𝑚2 , …, 𝑚𝑘 between two
numbers a and b such that a, 𝑚1 ,
𝑚2 , …, 𝑚𝑘 , b is a geometric
sequence
GEOMETRIC MEANS

a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 ,…

geometric mean of a1 & a3

GEOMETRIC MEANS

a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 ,…
geometric means of a2 & a4
GEOMETRIC MEANS

a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 ,…
geometric means of a1 & a4
Insert geometric mean/s between two given terms.

1. 2, ?
_ , 18
= 2(18)
= 36
=±6
Insert geometric mean/s between two given terms.

1. ±6
2, _ , 18
There are 2 possible 2, 6, 18
geometric sequence

2, −6, 18
Insert geometric mean/s between two given terms.

? , -27
2. -3 , _
= −3(−27)
= 81
=±9
GEOMETRIC MEANS

WHAT IF???

3. − 4, _ , _ , 108
4. − 2, _ , _ , _ , − 512
GEOMETRIC MEANS

Way on finding the missing terms of a

given geometric sequence is using the
geometric sequence formula to find the
common ratio.
𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
GEOMETRIC MEANS
Insert geometric mean/s between two given terms.
3. − 4, _
12 ,-36
_ , 108
×(-3) ×(-3)
𝒏−𝟏 𝟑 𝟑
an = a4 = 108 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓 −𝟐𝟕 = 𝒓𝟑

a1 = -4 𝟏𝟎𝟖 = −𝟒𝒓𝟒−𝟏 𝟑 𝟑
𝟑
(−𝟑) = 𝒓𝟑
𝟏𝟎𝟖 = −𝟒𝒓𝟑
n=4 −𝟑 = 𝒓
−𝟒 −𝟒
r=? −𝟐𝟕 = 𝒓 𝟑 𝟏𝟐, −𝟑𝟔
GEOMETRIC MEANS
Insert geometric mean/s between two given terms.
4. − 2, -8 _ , -128
_ , -32 _, −512
×4 ×4 ×4
𝟒 𝟒
an = a5 = -512 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓 𝒏−𝟏
𝟐𝟓𝟔 = 𝒓𝟒

a1 = -2 −𝟓𝟏𝟐 = −𝟐𝒓𝟓−𝟏 𝟒
𝟒𝟒 =
𝟒
𝒓𝟒
n= 5 −𝟓𝟏𝟐 = −𝟐𝒓𝟒 ±𝟒 = 𝒓
−𝟐 −𝟐
r=? 𝟐𝟓𝟔 = 𝒓 𝟒 −𝟖, −𝟑𝟐, −𝟏𝟐𝟖
GEOMETRIC MEANS
Insert geometric mean/s between two given terms.
4. − 2, 8_ _ , 128
, -32 _ , −512
(-4) (-4) (-4)
𝟒 𝟒
an = a5 = -512 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓 𝒏−𝟏
𝟐𝟓𝟔 = 𝒓𝟒

a1 = -2 −𝟓𝟏𝟐 = −𝟐𝒓𝟓−𝟏 𝟒
𝟒𝟒 =
𝟒
𝒓𝟒
n= 5 −𝟓𝟏𝟐 = −𝟐𝒓𝟒 ±𝟒 = 𝒓
−𝟐 −𝟐
r=? 𝟐𝟓𝟔 = 𝒓 𝟒 𝟖, −𝟑𝟐, 𝟏𝟐𝟖
GEOMETRIC SERIES
WHAT IF

2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 + 64
Sum of finite geometric sequence

1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + + + + +…
2 4 8 16 32 64
Sum of infinite geometric sequence
GEOMETRIC SERIES

FINITE GEOMETRIC SERIES

Sum of the first n terms of a Geometric
Sequence
𝒏
𝒂𝟏 𝟏 − 𝒓
𝑺𝒏 = 𝒓≠𝟏
𝟏−𝒓
GEOMETRIC SERIES
1. How will you find the sum of the first six terms of
the geometric sequence 2, 6, 18, … ?
sum of 6 terms 𝒂𝟏 𝟏 − 𝒓 𝒏
S6 = ? 𝑺𝒏 = 𝑺𝟔 = −𝟏(−𝟕𝟐𝟖)
𝟏−𝒓
no. of terms
n=6 𝟐 𝟏 − 𝟑𝟔 𝑺𝟔 = 𝟕𝟐𝟖
1st term 𝑺𝟔 =
𝟏−𝟑
a1 = 2
common ratio 𝟐 𝟏 − 𝟕𝟐𝟗
r=3 𝑺𝟔 =
−𝟐
GEOMETRIC SERIES
2. Suppose the sum of the first four terms of a geometric
sequence is 170 and the common ratio is 4. Find the first
term of the sequence. 𝒏
sum of 4 terms 𝒂 𝟏 𝟏 − 𝒓
S4 = 170 𝑺 =
𝒏
𝟏−𝒓 −𝟓𝟏𝟎 = 𝒂𝟏 (−𝟐𝟓𝟓)
no. of terms −𝟐𝟓𝟓 −𝟐𝟓𝟓
n=4 𝒂𝟏 𝟏 − 𝟒 𝟒
𝟏𝟕𝟎 =
1st term 𝟏−𝟒
a1 = ? 𝟐 = 𝒂𝟏
𝒂𝟏 𝟏 − 𝟐𝟓𝟔
common ratio 𝟏𝟕𝟎 =
r=4 −𝟑
 Infinite Geometric Series
The sum S of the terms of an infinite geometric
sequence with first term a1 and common ratio r,
where | r | < 1, is
𝒂𝟏
𝑺=
𝟏−𝒓
If | r |  1, then the sum does not exist.
GEOMETRIC SERIES
1 1 1
3. Find the sum of the infinite geometric sequence 1 + + + + … .
2 4 8

𝒂𝟏 𝟏
1st term 𝑺= 𝑺=
a1 = 1 𝟏−𝒓 1
common ratio 𝟏
2 𝑺=𝟐
1 𝑺= 𝟐
r= 1
2 𝟏− 𝑺=𝟏
2 𝟏
GEOMETRIC SERIES
1 1
4. Find the sum of 3 − 1 + − + ….
3 9
1
a1 = 3 r= −
3
𝒂𝟏 𝟑 𝟑
𝑺= 𝑺= 𝑺=𝟑
𝟏−𝒓 3+1 4
3
𝟑
𝑺= 𝑺=
𝟑 𝟗
1 4 𝑺=
𝟏− −
3 3 𝟒
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + + + + + …?
2 4 8 16 32 64
Find the sum of the 6 terms of a geometric 13
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sequence with r = -3, a1 = -6. 𝟏𝟎𝟗𝟐

𝟏𝟎𝟗𝟐
 More Exercises
On Geometric Sequence,
Means and Series
(Answer the following questions)
More Exercises on Geometric Sequence, Means and Series
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1. What is the general term of the sequence 4, 8, 16,
32, 64, …. ?
𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟒(𝟐)

𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝟒(𝟐)
 More Exercises on Geometric Sequence, Means and Series
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2. Find k so that the numbers 2k+1, 3k+4, and 7k+6
form a geometric sequence.
7k + 6 = 3k + 4 By zero product property
3k + 4 2k + 1 k = 2, -1

(7k + 6) (2k + 1) = (3k + 4) (3k + 4)

14k2 + 7k + 12k + 6 = 9k2 + 24k + 16
14k2 + 19k +6 = 9k2 + 24k +16
5k2 − 5k − 10 = 0
k2 − k − 2 = 0
(k – 2)(k + 1) =0
More Exercises on Geometric Sequence, Means and Series
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3. Insert three geometric means between 1 and 16.

1 2 4 8 16
1(4) 1(16) 4(16)

= 2(4)
2, 4, 8
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4. There are four geometric means between 1 and 1024.
Find the 2nd geometric mean.
𝒏−𝟏
𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝟏 𝒓
6−1 1 4 16 1024
1024 = 1 (𝑟) ×4 ×4

1024 = 𝑟 5

5 5
1024 = 𝑟5

𝟒=𝒓
More Exercises on Geometric Sequence, Means and Series
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5. Find the sum of the geometric series 1 + 5 + 25 +
125 + 625.

781
More Exercises on Geometric Sequence, Means and Series
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1
6. If you insert four geometric means between -8 and ,
4
then what is the 2nd mean? 1
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 𝑟 𝑛−1 -8 4 −2 4
1 1
1 6−1
×−
2
×−
2
= −8(𝑟)
4
1 1 1 5 1
− = −8𝑟 5 − − = 5 𝑟5
32
8 4 8
1
1 − =𝒓
− = 𝑟5 2
32
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2 2 2
7. Find the sum of the geometric series 2 + + + +
3 9 27
2 1
+ …. 𝑎1 = 2 𝑟 =
81 3
𝑎1 3
𝑆= 𝑆=2 2
1−𝑟
2
𝑆= 1
1−
3
𝑺=𝟑
2
𝑆= 2
3
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8. Find the sum of the first 6 terms of the geometric
sequence, if the first term is -3 and last term is 96.
𝑛−1
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 𝑟
− 3+ 6 +−12+ 24 +−48 +96
96 = −3 (𝑟) 6 − 1
96 = −3𝑟 5 S6 = 63
−3 −3
−32 = 𝑟 5
5 5
32 = 𝑟5
2=𝑟
More Exercises on Geometric Sequence, Means and Series
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9. Find the sum of the 6 terms of a geometric sequence
with r = -3, a1 = -6.
−3 −728
𝑎1 1 − 𝑟 𝑛 𝑆6 =
2
𝑆𝑛 =
1−𝑟
−6 1 − (−3)6 𝑆6 = −3(−364)
𝑆6 =
1 − (−3)
𝑺𝟔 = 𝟏𝟎𝟗𝟐
−6 1 − 729
𝑆6 =
4
More Exercises on Geometric Sequence, Means and Series
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10. The 2nd term of a geometric sequence is -27 and the
5th term is 1. Find the common ratio and the sum of the
infinite series. 81 -27 1
𝑎1 𝑎1 𝑎𝑛
𝑆=
1−𝑟 𝟐𝟒𝟑 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 𝑟 𝑛−1 1
𝑺= − =𝑟
81 𝟒 1 = −27𝑟 4−1 3
𝑆=
1 1 = −27𝑟 3
1− −3
-27 -27
81 3 3 1
𝑆= 𝑆 = 81 − = 3
𝑟3
4 4 27
3