REMINDERS:

01 02
NO GADGETS Written Works
Do NOT use your phone Summative Test 1 – Sept 8
or smart watch in any Summative Test 2 – Sept 15
means during class Summative Test 3 – Sept 22
session. Summative Test 4 – Sept 29
Summative Test 5 – Oct13

03 04
Seating Arrangement Missed Exams
Follow the SEATPLAN Present an admission slip to
take the missed exam
 If you THINK you
CAN, then you CAN,
but if you THINK you
CAN’T then you’re
CORRECT.
The only way to LEARN
Mathematics is to DO
Mathematics.
-Paul Halmos
 Module 8

Polynomial Equation
Module 8: Polynomial Equations

Illustrate Polynomial Equations

Find the number of roots of Polynomial

Equations

Create Polynomial Equations

Recall
RATIONAL ROOT THEOREM
List all the possible rational zeros/roots of
(1)(1) 1𝑥3 − 2𝑥2 − 5𝑥 + 6 (6)(1)
Q P (−6) (−1)
(−1)(−1)
1, 2, 𝑜𝑓
𝑃 = 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠 (𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚) (3)(2)
3,𝑎06
(−3)(−2)
1
𝑄 = 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛(𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡)
𝑃 1 2 3 6
= 𝟏,
 , 𝟐,
1, 2, 𝟑,
 , 3,
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝟔 𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠
6
,
𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙
𝑄 1 1 1 1
Recall
DESCARTES’ RULE of SIGNS
𝑃(-𝑥) (-𝑥)− 7𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 3 − 7(-𝑥)
2 + 7𝑥 ++ 7(-𝑥)
2 15 + 15
𝑃(-𝑥) = −𝑥 − 7𝑥 − 7𝑥 + 15
3 2
changes in signs 1st 2nd
changes in signs 1st
Number of Positive = 2 or 0
Roots/Zeros
Number of Negative
Roots/Zeros = 1
Determine the number of positive &
negative roots of 2x3 – 5x2 – 14x + 8,
then find all the roots/zeros.
P(x) =+2x – 5x – 14x + 8
3 2

1st 2nd
P(-x) = 2(-x)
– 2x33 –– 5x
5(-x) – 14(-x)
2 +2 14x + 8 + 8
1st +
𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠 = 2 𝑜𝑟 0
𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠 = 1
 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 2x3 – 5x2 – 14x + 8
𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠 = 2 𝑜𝑟 0
𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 -2 2 –5 –14 8
𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠 = 1
𝟏 -4 18 –8
𝑃 = 1, 2, 4 , 8 –9 4 0
𝟐 2
𝑄 = ±1, ±2 1 –4
𝑃 1 4 2 –8 0
= 1, 2, 4, 8,  8
𝑄 2
2 0 1
__ ,
-2, 2 4
Module 8: Polynomial Equations

ZERO-PRODUCT PROPERTY
If a • b = 0, then a = 0 or b = 0

(2x)(3y) = 0 2x = 0 or 3y = 0

x(4x – 1) = 0 x = 0 or 4x – 1 = 0
Module 8: Polynomial Equations
Determine the real root(s) of each equation.
1. x – 2 = 0 2. x + 3 = 0
x = 2 {2} x = –3
–3 {–3}
3. x (x-4) = 0
x = 0 or x – 4 = 0
x =4 {0, 4}
Module 8: Polynomial Equations
Determine the real root(s) of each equation.
4. (x + 1) (x – 3) = 0
x + 1 = 0 or x – 3 = 0
{-1, 3} x = -1
–1 x = 3
5. x2 + x – 2 = 0 (x + 2) (x – 1) = 0
x + 2 = 0 or x – 1 = 0
{-2, 1} x = –2
–2 x =1
Module 8: Polynomial Equations
Determine the real root(s) of each equation.
6. x2(x – 9)(2x + 1) = 0
x = 0 or x – 9 = 0 or 2x + 1 = 0
2

x = 0 x = 9 2x = - 1
1
x = __
2
Module 8: Polynomial Equations
Determine the real root(s) of each equation.
7. (x + 4) (𝑥2 − 𝑥 + 3) = 0
x + 4 = 0 or 𝑥2 − 𝑥 + 3 = 0
x = −4
−4 Unreal roots
Module 8: Polynomial Equations
Determine the real root(s) of each equation.
8. 𝑥2 − 6𝑥 + 9 = 0 (x − = 0 3) 2

x − 3 = 0
(x − 3) (x − 3) = 0 x = 3
x − 3 = 0 or x − 3 = 0
x =33 x = 3
3 of multiplicity 2
Module 8: Polynomial Equations
Determine the real root(s) of each equation.

1. 2x (𝑥2 − 36) = 0

2. (x + 8) (x – 7) (𝑥2 − 2𝑥 + 5) = 0

3. (3𝑥 + 1) 2(𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 − 2)4 = 0

Module 8: Polynomial Equations
Determine the real root(s) of each equation.

1. 2x (𝑥2 − 36) = 0
2x = 0 or 𝑥2 − 36 = 0
x =0
0 (𝑥 + 6)(x – 6) = 0
𝑥+ 6 = 0 𝑥– 6 = 0
𝑥 = -6
-6 𝑥 = 6
Module 8: Polynomial Equations
Determine the real root(s) of each equation.

2. (x + 8) (x – 7) (𝑥2 − 2𝑥 + 5) = 0

x + 8 = 0 x – 7 = 0 𝑥2 − 2𝑥 + 5 = 0
x = -8
-8 x = 7 Unreal roots
Module 8: Polynomial Equations
Determine the real root(s) of each equation.
3. (3𝑥 + 1) 2(𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 − 2)4 = 0
3𝑥 + 1 = 0 2(𝑥 + 7) = 0 (𝑥 − 2)4 = 0
𝟏
𝑥 = -7
1
x =− 𝑥 = 2
𝟑
3

2 of multiplicity 4
REMINDERS:
01 02
NO GADGETS Written Works
Do NOT use your phone Summative Test 1 – Sept 8
or smart watch in any Summative Test 2 – Sept 15
means during class Summative Test 3 – Sept 22
session. Summative Test 4 – Sept 29
Summative Test 5 – Oct13

03 04
Seating Arrangement Missed Exams
Follow the SEATPLAN Present an admission slip to
take the missed exam
 If you THINK you
CAN, then you CAN,
but if you THINK you
CAN’T then you’re
CORRECT.
The only way to LEARN
Mathematics is to DO
Mathematics.
-Paul Halmos
 Module 8

Polynomial Equation
Module 8: Polynomial Equations

Illustrate Polynomial Equations

Find the number of roots of Polynomial

Equations

Create Polynomial Equations

Recall
A polynomial expression P(x) is an
expression of the form
Anxn + An-1xn-1 + An-2xn-2 + …+ A1x + A0
where the non-negative integer n is
called the degree of the polynomial
and the coefficients A0, A1, …, An are
real numbers and An ≠ 0.
Polynomial Equation
A polynomial equation is an equation
of the form
Anxn + An-1xn-1 + An-2xn-2 + …+ A1x + A0 = 0
where the non-negative integer n is
called the degree of the polynomial
and the coefficients A0, A1, …, An are
real numbers and An ≠ 0.
Polynomial Equation
Anxn + An-1xn-1 + An-2xn-2 + …+ A1x + A0 = 0

3x – 1 = 0
x + x – 6 = 0
2

-5x 3 – 2x 2 – x + 2 = 0
x 4 – 13x 2 + 36 = 0
Polynomial Equation
Write the polynomial equation given its
roots/zeros. Zero-Product Property
1. x = –2 , x = 1 If a
ab= =0 0,or
then
b = 0,a then
= 0
x + 2 = 0 x – 1 = 0 or b= =0.0.
ab
(x + 2) (x – 1) = 0
x2 – x + 2x – 2 = 0
x x+ +x x––22 == 00
2 2
Polynomial Equation
Write the polynomial equation given its
roots/zeros. Zero-Product Property
2. roots: 2 and –3 If a
ab= =0 0,or
x = 2 x = –3 then
b = 0,a then
= 0
x – 2 = 0 x + 3 = 0 or b= =0.0.
ab

(x – 2) (x + 3) = 0
x2 + 3x – 2x – 6 = 0
x + x – 6 0
2 x2 + x – 6 = 0
Polynomial Equation
Write the polynomial equation given its
roots/zeros. Converse
Zero-Product
3. {3 of multiplicity 2} Property
x = 3 x = 3 If a = 0 or
x – 3 = 0 x – 3 = 0 b = 0, then
ab = 0.
(x – 3) (x – 3) = 0
x2 – 3x – 3x + 9 = 0
x –
2 x2 –6x6x++ 99 =
= 00
Polynomial Equation
Write the polynomial equation given its
roots/zeros.
4. x = –1 , x = 1 , x = 2

x 3 – 2x 2 – x + 2 = 0

5. x = –3 , x = –2 , x = 2 , x = 3

x 4 – 13x 2 + 36 = 0