Name: Ahmad Rifqhi Munawari

NPM: 233010139

Phrases and Clauses Exercises

I. A phrase is a group of words that may include nouns or verbals but may
not include a subject performing a verb. The following are some phrases:

1. leaving behind the cat

2. slamming into a wall
3. before the initial exam
4. after the destruction
5. Because of her brilliant smile

These examples contain nouns (cat, wall, exam, destruction). You have a few
verbs (leaving, slamming), but the noun is never used as a subject doing a
predicate verb. All of them are phrases.

II. A clause is a group of words containing a subject actively performing a

verb. The following are some clause examples:

1. since she laughs at hesitant men .

2. I dislike people with bad character .
3. When the sages go rallying in .

She, I, Sages is the subject in the above; examples, whereas the terms laughs,
dislikes, and go rallying are the predicate verb.

III. An independent clause is one that can exist by itself and form a
comprehensive sentence with punctuation.

The following are separate clauses:

1. I dislike people of bad character .

2. Scott Simps is scarier than a Tiger !

We may easily convert isolated clauses into entire sentences by adding proper
punctuation marks. "I dislike people of bad character," we could say.
"Scott Simps is scarier than a Tiger!" we could say. We call them independent
clauses because they can stand on their own, without any additional words, and
form whole sentences.

IV. Dependent sentences usually have a subject performing the verb, but they
are preceded by a subordinate conjunction. That subordinate conjunction
implies that the clause cannot stand exist as a complete sentence.

Rather, the dependent clause is dependent on another phrase; it cannot form a

complete sentence on its own, despite having a subject performing a verb.

Subordinating Conjunctions and Dependent Words include since, until, because,

until, when, if, and so on.

These clauses do not, by themselves, form full thoughts or sentences.

The subordinate conjunctions since, when, and because lead the audience to
expect the speaker to offer some additional information. The thought is
incomplete.

Exercise I.

Identify whether the underlined groups of words are phrases or clauses.

1. She studied under the street light. ( Phrase )

2. Put the cups on the desk. ( Phrase )

3. He glanced out of the windows. ( Phrase )

4. I know a woman who works in Delhi Police. ( Clause )

5. We cannot live without oxygen or fresh air. ( Phrase )

6. She wears a bracelet which is made of silver. ( Clause )

7. They cannot go while it is snowing. ( Clause )

8. I have no clue what he did with those funds. ( Clause )

9. The woman whom I met on the metro was a farmer. ( Clause )

10. Planets revolve around the sun. ( Phrase )

Exercise - 2

In the following sentences, Identify whether the highlighted portion is a Phrase

or Clause.

1. Faced with numerous challenges, I decided to take assistance from a

Psychologist. ( Phrase )

2. He came to work on time in spite of missing the bus. ( Clause )

3. Before eating any supplement, I always talk to my nutritionist. ( Clause )

4. Mary lived outside her home for 5 years. ( Phrase )

5. In the dawn, it's ideal to get up early. ( Clause )

6. They were offended by the little kid yelling loudly. ( Phrase )

7. I like the educator who is wearing spectacles. ( Clause )

Exercise - 3

In the following sentences, identify the independent clauses and dependent

clauses.

1. After we finished the assignment. Mrs. Sharma makes wonderful dishes.

( Dependent Clause )
2. I went to see him. ( Independent Clause )
3. While we were driving. ( Dependent Clause )
4. Since we went there yesterday. ( Dependent Clause )
5. I took the main road, which was repaired yesterday. ( Dependent Clause )
6. The kid who was peeping in the window has left this letter. ( Dependent
Clause )
7. She enjoys dancing in the rain. ( Independent Clause )
8. The novel, which was on the desk, is brilliantly written. ( Dependent Clause )
9. Since the play was fascinating. ( Dependent Clause )
10. If we came back on time. ( Dependent Clause )

Exercise 4

In the following sentences, determine whether it is a phrase, independent

clause, or dependent clause.
1. Throwing sheets on roads. ( Phrase )

2. While stones covered the street. ( Dependent Clause )

3. Nobody resides there. ( Independent Clause )

4. Besides old cars and bikes. ( Phrase )

5. Unless it snows. ( Dependent Clause )

6. Swimming can be fun. ( Independent Clause )

7. That we purchased yesterday. ( Dependent Clause )

8. Which disappeared. ( Dependent Clause )

9. Walk fast. ( Independent Clause )

10. To jump quickly. ( Phrase )

Exercise 5

In the following sentences, underline the dependent clause and the

subordinating words (conjunction).

1. I said no to the party because I had some pending work.

2. I could have passed brilliantly if I had studied properly.

3. After I complete my assignment, I'll get the offer for work.

4. They were playing video games while he was sleeping.

5. Her project would have been brilliant if she would have written the stats.

6. Unless you return the book, you'll have to clear all the dues.

7. If it is pleasant tomorrow, we will go shopping.

8. I thought that she was going to stay with us.

9. You can't achieve your goal when you are unfocused.

10. He took his toy, although he preferred reading books.