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Kotuliakova 2008
Kotuliakova 2008
Abstract - Presented paper deals with the problem of successfully _ received _ blocks
ηB = (3)
using ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) schemes. In all _ sent _ blocks
particular, we focus on the subset of Hybrid ARQ
methods. We analyse the throughput performance of And the relation between bit and block throughput is:
pure and hybrid ARQ techniques, further on we
m
present the throughput analysis of hybrid ARQ ηb = ⋅η B (4)
schemes in Binary Symmetric Channel (BSC) and n
Land Mobile Satellite (LMS) channel environment
based on simulation results. Forward error correction where m is length of information field and n is whole
(FEC) used in hybrid ARQ schemes is provided by length of transmission block.
Reed-Solomon (RS) codes.
N
⎛N⎞
1 − ∑⎜⎜ ⎟⎟PSi (1 − Ps ) N −i
i =t +1⎝ i ⎠ K
ηb−HGBN = ⋅ (15)
N
⎛N⎞ N
1 + S ⋅ ∑ ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟PSi (1 − Ps ) N −i
i =t +1⎝ i ⎠
⎡ N
⎛N⎞ ⎤ K
η b− HSR = ⎢1 − ∑ ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ PSi (1 − Ps ) N −i ⎥ ⋅ (16)
⎣ i =t +1⎝ i ⎠ ⎦ N
Fig. 3. Comparsion of ARQ & HARQ schemes, block
length = N = 511 symbols, RS - ( 511, 307, 29 ), rc = 0.6, t
Fig.2 shows the throughput of HARQ schemes. The
= 102. RTD (S) = 20 blocks.
(H)SW scheme’s performance is much lower than
(H)GBN and (H)SR. The interesting part is that
performance of hybrid GBN is very similar to hybrid SR
In further analysis we focus on hybrid Go-Back-N
scheme’s while throughput of pure GBN is much lower
scheme.
than throughput of pure SR scheme.
3.2 Throughput in LMS channel 4. CONCLUSION
We aim on the worst case of LMS channel and that is its The scope of this paper was to offer basic view on how
urban version. Model is based on the fact that in urban throughput of main ARQ schemes combined with error-
zones direct path between transmitter and receiver is correcting codes is affected. As a result of analysis and
blocked, therefore transmitted signal is diffused. Direct simulation it can be stated that carefully chosen error-
wave is completely attenuated and receiver receives correcting code can strongly improve the performance of
reflected signals from all directions and phases of these ARQ technique by reducing the number of
signals are randomly shifted. It is called Rayleigh fading retransmissions. Go-Back-N scheme combined with RS
code was found to be the most attractive having considered
channel too.
its satisfactory throughput performance and low
Simulations were accomplished using the simulation
complexity. As an example we can take HGBN and RS
program described in [2], enriched with new module code with rc = 0.6 in BSC channel. When using this code
allowing simulation of HARQ schemes using RS codes. the transmission is at BER=4% still very well possible
Simulation assumes: compared to situation without RS code when at
• Feedback channel is error-free, ACK are always BER=0.1% transmission already becomes impossible. In
LMS-urban channel the SNR gain using discussed scheme
received correctly.
is at least 10 dB and in LMS-open channel SNR gain is
• BPSK modulation is used for transmission. 6dB.
• Ideal detection code is used. If there is an error in
transmitted block it is always detected.
5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
• LMS channel model with independent error
occurrence is used. Research described in the paper was financially
supported by the Slovak Research Grant Agency (VEGA)
Tab.1 shows the parameters of three RS codes used with under grant No. 1/0883/08 and grant No. 1/4084/08.
GBN in simulation.
REFERENCES
N K rc t [errors] block size
[bit] [1] J. Polec, T. Karlubíková, Stochastické modely
511 459 0,9 26 4599 v telekomunikáciách I., FABER, Bratislava, 1999.
[2] P. Košút, "Analýza priepustností adaptívnych Go-Back-N
511 307 0,6 102 4599
schém", PhD. thesis, Slovak University of Technology,
511 153 0,3 179 4599 Bratislava, 2001.
[3] K. Kotuliaková, "Hybridné ARQ metódy v bezdrôtových
Tab. 1. Parameters of RS codes used in simulation.
komunikačných kanáloch", PhD. thesis, Slovak University
Fig.4 shows the results of the simulation. It is obvious of Technology, Bratislava, 2005.
that the SNR needed for successful transmission is [4] S. Choi, K.G. Shin, "A Class of Adaptive Hybrid ARQ
significantly higher when using pure GBN scheme Schemes for Wireless Links", IEEE Trans. on Vehicular
compared to hybrid GBN schemes. Techn., vol. 50, no.3, pp. 777-790, 2001.
[5] M. Purser, Introduction to Error-Correcting Codes, Artech
House, 1995.
0.9
GBN (pure)
[6] J. Pavlovičová, M. Oravec, M. Mokoš, M. Keleši, "Error
H-GBN (rc = 0.9)
H-GBN (rc = 0.6)
Concealment Using Neural Networks for Block-Based
0.8
H-GBN (rc = 0.3)
Image Coding", Proc. of int. conference EC-SIP-M 2005,
0.7 5th EURASIP, Smolenice, ISBN 80-227-2257-X, pp. 52-57,
0.6
July 2005.
relative bit throughput
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
SNR [dB]