22/06/2015

Động từ có 2 tính từ
Surprise (v) Fascinate (v)
- surprised (a) - Fascinated (a)
- surprising (a) - Fascinating (a)
Interest (v) Embarrass (v)
- Interested (a) - Embarrassed (a)
- Interesting (a) - Embarrassing (a)
Excite (v) Please (v)
- Excited (a) - Pleased (a)
- Exciting (a) - Pleasing (a)
Bore (v) Amuse (v)
- Bored (a) - Amused (a)
- Boring (a) - Amusing (a)
Frighten (v) Terrify (v)
- Frightened (a) - Terrified (v)
- Frightening (a) - Terrifying (v)

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FIND + O + (A)/ -ING

It is (a) + to v

S + V + O/C
(gerund) (số ít)
(to verb)

Feel like + v-ing/ (n)

Can’t help
Can’t stand V-ing
Can’t bear (n)
Can’t stop
Fancy

(prep) V-ing
Of, in, at, on, with,…. (n)

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Spend V-ing
Waste on s.t
Devote time to in/ at s.w
with s.b

It takes s.b time to V

We spend years learning to play guitar.
It takes us years to learn to play guitar.

Remember V-ing (past action)

Forget
Regret to v (present,
truth, future)

Suggest V-ing
O + V-ing
that S + should + V
that S + V (inf)

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Do you mind + (n)?

V-ing?
if s + v (present)?
would you mind + (n)?
V-ing?
if s + v (past)?

1. Do you mind if I ask your mom?

2. Would you mind if I opened the window?
3. Would you mind telling what you are doing?

Have = possess
= own

belong to

Apologize to somebody for something

Accused somebody of …..

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Accuse s.b of

Make + O + (a)
v

There is no point in V-ing

(n)

Succeed in + V-ing = manage to + V

Active: Used to + V (đã từng)

Passive: be Used to + V (đã từng được)
When I was young, I used to swim once a
day.

Be/ get Used to (n)

Be/ get accustomed to +
Be/ get acquainted with v-ing
(quen với)

I am used to swimming every day.

I am used to Chinese food.

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Be proud of ……
= pride oneself on/ upon….
She is proud of being such a good cook.
She prides herself on her cooking
She prides herself being such a good cook

Object to V-ing : phản đối

noun

The + (a) + plural verb

Danh từ tập hợp:
Police
People are
Castle have
V
were

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S là mệnh đề + singular verb

S là V-ing or TO V
S là danh từ thời gian
S là danh từ khoảng cách is
S là danh từ tiền has
S là danh từ trọng lượng was
S là môn học does
S là ngành học Vs/es
S là chứng bệnh
One of + (n) số nhiều

Flock of birds/ sheep + singular verb

Herd of cattle
Pack of dogs
School of fish is
Pride of lions has
was
does
Vs/es

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Everybody + singular verb

Everyone
Everything
Someone is
Somebody has
Something was
Anybody does
Anyone Vs/es
Anything
None
Nobody
Nothing

A number of + (n) (plural) + V (plural)

The number of + (n) (plural) + V (singular)

An amount of + uncount (n) + V (singular)

The amount of + uncount (n) + V (singular)

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A number of + plural (n) + plural V

An amount of + uncount (n) + sing V
Nhiều ………..

The number of + plural (n) + sing V

The amount of + uncount (n) + sing V
Số lượng ………..

Phan số/ phần trăm + danh từ không

đếm được + động từ số ít

Phan số/ phần trăm + danh từ đếm

được số nhiều + động từ số nhiều

TO BE NECESSARY (FOR S.B) TO V

= NEED

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Either + S1 + or + S2 + V (S2)
Neither + S1 + nor + S2

S1 + together with + S2+ V (S1)

accompanied by
with
like
along with
as well as

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No sooner.. than…
Hardly/ scarcely…. when
NO SOONER MỆNH ĐỀ THAN
+ ĐẢO NGỮ + + CLAUSE
HARDLY (QKHT) WHEN
SCARCELY

No sooner had we heard the noise than we rushed

to the spot.
Hardly had I reached the station when the train
came.

Negative beginning with NOT

Not until S + V + O, mệnh đề đảo ngữ
Not till
Not for phrase, mệnh đề đảo ngữ
Not for a moment did I think I would be offered the job, so I was amazed
when I got it.

S + V + not until + clause

that + clause

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Only ……..
Only after
Only by V-ing
Only in phrase, mệnh đề đảo ngữ
Only if clause
Only in
Only when
 Only after lunch can you play.
 Only after you have finished your work can you play.
 Only by guessing can you solve this puzzle.
 Only in this way does this machine work.

Negative adverbs
Never
Seldom
Rarely
Hardly mệnh đề đảo ngữ
NOT ONLY
Prep (at, in,…)
Under no circumstances

 Never have we witnessed such cruel behavior by one child to another.

 Seldom does one hear a politician say ‘sorry’.

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Here – there - thus

Here v + s (là danh từ)
There
Thus
……… s (chủ từ là đại từ) + v
Here comes the bus!
Here is your coffee.
I opened the door and there stood Michael.
Here you are.
Thus they stood and waited.
Thus began days of suffering.

So that
In order that S+v+o

So as to
S + v + o/c In order to + V
To

In order for v-ing

So as for (n)

Để mà……

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because + S + V + O/C
Because of V-ing
Owing to (n)
Due to
Bởi vì…………

Though
Although
Even though
clause, clause
In spite of the fact that
Despite the fact that

In spite of
Despite phrase, clause

Mặc dù ………..……., nhưng…………………..

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(adj) as/ though + s + be, clause

Mặc dù …………….., nhưng ………….

S + would rather…… than…..

(‘d rather)

THERE IS NO POINT/
SENSE (IN) + (O) + V-ing
Không có ích ……………….

THERE IS NO LIMIT/
RESTRICTION ON …….
TO …….
Không có ích ……………….

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V (inf)/
(‘d rather) have v3
would rather
S+ + S + V (past)
had better
(‘d better) were
S + had V3
Jim would rather go to school today.
Jim would rather have gone to school yesterday.
Jim would rather that you went to school today.
Jim would rather that you have gone to school
yesterday.

It’s time for s.b to V

It’s time for s.t
It’s time to V

It’s time
It’s high time S + V + O/C
It’s about time (past)

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S + V + SO + (A)/(ADV) + THAT + S + V + O/C

S + V + SO + MANY (N) + THAT + S + V + O/C
MUCH
S + V + SUCH + (N) + THAT + S + V + O/C

S + V + SUCH + A LOT OF (N) + THAT + S + V + O/C

S + V + TOO + (A)/(ADV) + (FOR S.B) + TO + V

S + V + (A)/(ADV) + ENOUGH + (FOR S.B) + TO + V

S + V + ENOUGH + (N) + (FOR S.B) + TO + V

S + V + SO + (A)/(ADV) + THAT + S + V + O/C

SO + (A)/(ADV) + đảo ngữ + THAT + S + V + O/C

S + V + SUCH + (N) + THAT + S + V + O/C

SUCH + (N) + BE + S + THAT + S + V + O/C

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Active – Passive
P.6

Modal verbs
Active Passive
Can Can
Could Could
May May
Might Might
Must Must
Shall Shall be V3
Should + Vo Should +
Will
have been V3
Will
Would Would
Ought to Ought to
Need Need
Use to Use to

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Active: S + should + V + O/C

Passive: S + need to be V3/ed

You should bring an umbrella in case it rains.

An umbrella needs to be brought in case ……

Active: It is essential that S + V + O/C

Passive: S + must + be + V3/ed
have been + V3/ed
We have the mechanic repair our car
We have our car repaired by the mechanic

Active:
It’s + adj + for + s.b + to-inf + s.t

Passive:
It’s + adj + for + s.t + to + be + p.p

It’s necessary for me to do my home work.

-> It’s necessary for my home work to be done.

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ACTIVE - PASSIVE
Active Passive
S+V+O S + am/is/are + V3/ed
S + am/is/are + V-ing + O S + am/is/are + being +V3/ed
S + has/have + V3/ed + O S + has/have + been + V3/ed

S + V2/ed + O S + was/were +V3/ed

S + was/were + V-ing + O S + was/were + being +V3/ed
S + had + V3/ed + O S + had + been + V3/ed

S + will/shall + Vo + O S + will/shall + be +V3/ed

Causative forms
S + GET + Somebody + TO VERB
S + GET + Something + PP (V3/ V-ED)
We get the mechanic to repair our car
We get our car repaired by the mechanic
S + HAVE+ Somebody + VERB (Vo)
S + HAVE + Something + PP (V3/ V-ED)
We have the mechanic repair our car
We have our car repaired by the mechanic

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Imperative
V + O/ C.
-> Let + O + be + p.p
Write your name here
-> Let your name be written here.

(S) + let + s.o + do + s.th

-> S (s.o) + be + let / allowed + to inf
He let me go out
->I was let to go out.
->I was allowed to go out.

Passive voice
1. People say that Mr. Pike earns a lot of money
It is said that Mr. Pike earns a lot of money
Mr. Pike is said to earn a lot of money
2. People say that Mr. Pike earned a lot of money
It is said that Mr. Pike earned a lot of money
Mr. Pike is said to have earned a lot of money
3. People said that Mr. Pike earns a lot of money
It was said that Mr. Pike earns a lot of money
Mr. Pike was said to earn a lot of money
4. People said that Mr. Pike earned a lot of money

It was said that Mr. Pike earned a lot of money

Mr. Pike was said to have earned a lot of money

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Love, like, hate,…

A: S + love/ like/ enjoy…. + V-ing + s.t
P: S + love/ like/ enjoy……+ being + p.p
I love feeding fish.
->I love fish being fed.

Nobody/one + has ever + p.p + O + before

P: O + have / has + never been + p.p …..

No one has ever told me before I did.

-> I have never been told before I did.

S + need to V (ACTIVE)

S + need to be V3/ VED (PASSIVE)

v-ing

- The living room needs repainting.

- The living room needs to be repainted.

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Causative FORMS
S + HAVE + S.B + V (ACTIVE)
S + HAVE + S.T + V3/ VED (PASSIVE)
S + GET + S.B + TO V (ACTIVE)
S + GET + S.T + V3/ VED (PASSIVE)
= S + ask/ tell + S.B + TO V
My brother has me iron his shirt. (active)
My brother has his shirt ironed. (passive)

My brother gets me to iron his shirt. (active)

My brother gets his shirt ironed. (passive)

The Micro is as easy to park as the Deluxe

(a)
A Ferrari is as attractive as a Rolls Royce
(a)
A Harley-Davidson rides as quickly as a Vespa
(adv)

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1. (a)/(adv) with 1 syllable 1. (a)/(adv) with 1 syllable

(a) with two syllables ending (a) with two syllables ending
by Y, OW, ER, ET, LE by Y, OW, ER, ET, LE

S + V + (A)-ER + THAN + O S + V + THE (A)-EST

(ADV)-ER THE (ADV)-EST

2. Other (A)/(ADV) 2. Other (A)/(ADV)

S + V + MORE (A)+ THAN + O S + V + THE MOST (A)

MORE(ADV) THE MOST (ADV)

IRREGULAR
GOOD
WELL BETTER THE BEST

BAD
BADLY
ILL WORSE THE WORST

FAR FARTHER THE FARTHEST

FURTHER THE FURTHEST

LITTLE LESS THE LEAST

MANY
MUCH MORE THE MOST

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So sánh kép
S + V + multiple numbers * + as +
much/many/adj/adv + (N) + as + N/pron.
* multiple numbers
half/twice/3,4,5...times; Phân số; Phần
trăm.
1. Jerome has half as many records now as I had last year.
2. At the clambake last week, Fred ate three times as
many oysters as Bob.
3. In many countries in the world with the same job,
women only get 40%-50% as much as salary as men.

So sánh kép
The a-er The a-er
adv-er adv-er
more (a) more (a)
more (adv) + S + V, more (adv) + S + V
more (n) more (n)
more more
1. The hotter it is, the more miserable I feel.
2. The sooner you take your medicince, the better
you will feel.
3. The more exercises you do, the better you
understand the lesson
4. The more you study, the smarter you will become.

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DOUBLE COMPARATIVE
S+ V + Short Adj/ Adv -er
+ Short Adj/ Adv-er

S + V + more and more + Long Adj/ Adv

1. It gets darker and darker.

2. She is more and more beautiful.
3. His daughter becomes more and more intelligent.

Conditional clauses (1)

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
1. S. PRESENT SIMPLE FUTURE
Habit:
S. PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT
Imperative
S. PRESENT V+O

2. PAST SUBJUNCTIVE S + WOULD + V

S + WERE COULD
V2/ V-ED MIGHT

3. PAST PERFECT S + WOULD + HAVE + PP

S + HAD + V3/ V-ED COULD
MIGHT

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Conditional clauses (2)

If it + be + not for……, S + V + O/C
nếu không vì, nếu không nhờ vào
1. If it weren’t for the children, that couple wouldn’t
have anything to talk about.
2. If it hadn’t been for your help, I wouldn’t have
known what to do.

Conditional clauses (3)

Unless = if ……… not
1. We will be late if we don’t hurry.
We will be late unless we hurry.
2. If I have time, I will help you.
Unless I have time, I will not help you.

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Conditional clauses (4)

1. If it is necessary, I will go.
Should it be necessary, I will go.

2. If I were rich, I would buy a new house.

Were I rich, I would buy a new house.

3. If we had known that you were there, we would

have written you a letter.
Had we known that you were there, we would
have written you a letter.

As if
As though
(như thể là)

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S + V (present) +
as if/ as though + S + V (past)
He acts as though he were rich.

S + V (past) + as if/ as though +

S + V (past perfect)
He looked as though he had seen a ghost.

1. Mong ước ở hiện tại

S1 + Wish + S2 + WERE/ V2/ V-ed

2. Mong ước ở quá khứ

S1 + Wish + S2 + HAD + V3/ V-ed

3. Mong ước ở tương lai

S1 + Wish + S2 + WOULD + Vo
COULD
MIGHT

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Reported speech

Bảng đổi động từ

Direct speech Indirect speech
Simple present Simple past
Present progressive Past progressive
Present perfect
Past perfect Past perfect
Simple past
Present perfect (Progressive)
Past perfect (Progressive) Past perfect (Progressive)
Past progressive
Will/Shall Would/ Should
Can/May Could/ Might

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Reported speech
Bảng đổi các đại từ chỉ thị, phó từ chỉ địa điểm và thời gian
now then
today that day
yesterday the day before
the previous day
tomorrow the following day
the day after
last… the …… before
the previous ……
next… the following ……
the …… after
ago before
this that
these those
here there

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RELATIVE CLAUSE

 Who + V + O/C
 Whom + S + V + O/C
 Whose + (N) + V + O/C

 Which + V + O/C
 Which + S + V + O/C
 Whose + (N) + V + O/C
= the (N) of which + V + O/C

That :
+ That thay thế cho who, whom, which trong mệnh đề
không có dấu phẩy.
+ Bắt buộc sử dụng that :
1. Sau so sánh nhất
2. Sau đại từ không xác định: no - , some - , every - , any - +
one / thing / body
3. Sau chủ ngữ hổn hợp ( người và vật)
Ex : The man and his dog that ……
4. Trong cấu trúc : It is / was noun / pronoun that . .. ( It is
Mary that I admire .. )
5. Sau only / the first / the last + N
Ex : The first thing that I do is ….

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Preposition + whom/ which

(in/ at/ on/ for/ with/…)

1. Ms. Green works in the library. She is my mother’s friend.

Ms. Green works in the library who is my mother’s friend.
Ms. Green who is my mother’s friend works in the library.
Ms. Green who works in the library is my mother’s friend .
2. Ms. Green works in the library. I meet her every day.
Ms. Green works in the library whom I meet every day.
Ms. Green whom I meet every day works in the library.

3. Ms. Green works in the library. Her daughter is my best friend.

Ms. Green works in the library whose daughter is my best
friend.

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Reduced forms of relative clause (1/2)

1. The man who stands over there is my father.
- The man standing over there is my father.

2. The chair which is made in Japan is expensive.

- The chair made in Japan is expensive.

3. The man whom I see everyday is my father.

- The man I see everyday is my father.
4. The only man who comes here today is my father.
- The only man to come here today is my father.

Note: only, first, last, final, tính từ so sánh nhất,…

Reduced forms of relative clause (2/2)

5. The man who is responsible for that is my father.
- The man responsible for that is my father.

6. The man who is in white is my father.

- The man in white is my father.

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The last time + s + v + o/c + v

(past ) (past )

This is the first time + s + v + o/c

(present perfect)

It + be + time + since + s + v
(present) (past)

S + started to v…..ago.
= S + have + V3……since….

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VERB - NOUN
-al Arrival, approval
-ance/ -ence Attendance
-ation/ -tion Education
-sion Confusion
-ure Departure
-ment Agreement
-age Breakage/ postage
-ing Blessing/ landing
-ery Slavery/ creamery

ADJECTIVE - NOUN
-ness Happiness/ usefulness
-ity Activity/ stupidity
-ism Idealism/ colonialism
-th Width/ death
-y Privacy/ difficulty
-ery Bravery
-ty Safety/ cruelty

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VERB – PERSONAL NOUN

-ee Employee
-er Employer
-or Creator
-ist Typist
-ant Informant
-ent President

ADJECTIVE – PERSONAL NOUN

-ist Activist
-ster Youngster
NOUN – COLLECTIVE NOUN LIST

-dom Boredom, kingdom

-ship Scholarship
-hood Neighbourhood

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NOUN – PERSONAL NOUN

-arian Vegetarian, humanitarian

-ee Refugee
-eer Engineer
-ist Bicyclist, cartoonist
-ster Gangster, spinster

ADJECTIVE
-able/ -ible Edible, presentable
-al Regional
-ful Beautiful
-ic/-cal Economic, economical
-ous Dangerous
-ish Childish
-ive Creative
-less Endless
-y Sleepy, foggy

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VERB

-ate Eradicate
-en Enlighten
-ify Terrify
-fy Pacify
-ize Organize
-ise Organise

VỊ TRÍ DANH TỪ
a/ an/ the
This/ that/
these/ those
Some/ several (n) đơn
any
Many/ much
Each/ every (n) kép
My/ your/…
Giới từ (a) + (n)
(in, on, at, …) (n) + (n)

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VỊ TRÍ TÍNH TỪ
Be
Look
Feel
Seem
Smell
Taste + (adj)
Find
Sound
Remain
Stay
Become
Keep

VỊ TRÍ TÍNH TỪ
Find + O + (a)
She finds English easy.
She finds English boring.

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VỊ TRÍ TRẠNG TỪ
- (adv) đứng ở đầu câu
E.g. Luckily, he passed the exam

- (adv) bổ nghĩa cho (v) (đứng trước or sau

(v))
E.g. She drives carefully.
She carefully drives.

-Bổ nghĩa cho (a)/(adv) (đứng trước (a)/(adv)

mà nó bổ nghĩa)
E.g. She is extremely beautiful
She drives extremely carefully.

PREFIX BEFORE VERB

Dis- Dislike, disconnect

Mis- Misunderstand
Un- Unlock, untie
De- Deregulate, devalue

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PREFIX BEFORE NOUN

Anti- Anti-globolization
Non- Non-smoker, nonsense
In- Inconvenience
Dis- Disadvantage
De- Deforestation

PREFIX BEFORE ADJECTIVE

Anti- Anti-clockwise
In- Incomplete, invisible
Il- Illegal
Ir- Irregular
Im- Impossible
Dis- Dishonest
Non- Non-toxic
Un- Unfair

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