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    Topic-1: Out Line of The Session

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    This document provides an overview of research concepts. It defines research as a systematic, objective process of discovering new information or expanding existing knowledge through repeated investigation. The main aims of research are to find new dimensions, understand old conclusions with new data, and resolve contradictions. Research is characterized by originating from a question, clearly defining the problem, formulating testable hypotheses, collecting measurable data, and reaching conclusions through a cyclic process. Sources of knowledge accumulation include tradition, common sense, authority, intuition, and the scientific method - the latter being the most convincing approach for researchers due to its self-correcting nature. Research serves as an original source of knowledge by systematically establishing and modifying findings through repeated inquiry.

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    Topic-1: Out Line of The Session

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    This document provides an overview of research concepts. It defines research as a systematic, objective process of discovering new information or expanding existing knowledge through repeated investigation. The main aims of research are to find new dimensions, understand old conclusions with new data, and resolve contradictions. Research is characterized by originating from a question, clearly defining the problem, formulating testable hypotheses, collecting measurable data, and reaching conclusions through a cyclic process. Sources of knowledge accumulation include tradition, common sense, authority, intuition, and the scientific method - the latter being the most convincing approach for researchers due to its self-correcting nature. Research serves as an original source of knowledge by systematically establishing and modifying findings through repeated inquiry.

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    This document provides an overview of research concepts. It defines research as a systematic, objective process of discovering new information or expanding existing knowledge through repeated investigation. The main aims of research are to find new dimensions, understand old conclusions with new data, and resolve contradictions. Research is characterized by originating from a question, clearly defining the problem, formulating testable hypotheses, collecting measurable data, and reaching conclusions through a cyclic process. Sources of knowledge accumulation include tradition, common sense, authority, intuition, and the scientific method - the latter being the most convincing approach for researchers due to its self-correcting nature. Research serves as an original source of knowledge by systematically establishing and modifying findings through repeated inquiry.

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    3 views7 pages

    Topic-1: Out Line of The Session

    Uploaded by

    sadmansarker8
    This document provides an overview of research concepts. It defines research as a systematic, objective process of discovering new information or expanding existing knowledge through repeated investigation. The main aims of research are to find new dimensions, understand old conclusions with new data, and resolve contradictions. Research is characterized by originating from a question, clearly defining the problem, formulating testable hypotheses, collecting measurable data, and reaching conclusions through a cyclic process. Sources of knowledge accumulation include tradition, common sense, authority, intuition, and the scientific method - the latter being the most convincing approach for researchers due to its self-correcting nature. Research serves as an original source of knowledge by systematically establishing and modifying findings through repeated inquiry.

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    of 7

    5/7/2020

    Topic-1

    I welcome all of you to this class on research concept.

    Out line of the session


    ❖Research (definition, aims, features/characteristics)

    ❖Knowledge source and its interrelationship with research

    ❖ Reference for this session

    ❖Sample questions from this session

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    5/7/2020

    Definition of research
    •Uncomplicated meaning of research can be easily understand by dissecting the word itself.
    Research = repeated search. In a broad and general sense, any conscious and repeated
    search for certain purposes, can be termed as research.

    •Research is nothing but a systematic and objective attempt to study problem for the
    purpose of deriving general principles.

    •Research is a systematic, careful inquiry or examination to discover new information or


    relationships and/or to expand or verify existing knowledge for some specific purposes.

    •In other words, research is procedure by which we attempt to find systematically, and with
    the support of demonstrable fact, the answer to a question or the resolution of a problem.

    Continued
    • According to Webster international dictionary research is “a careful
    critical inquiry or examination in seeking facts or principles, diligent
    investigation in order to ascertain something.”

    • According to Aminuzzaman “Research is a critic, exhaustive


    investigation or experimentation having as its aim the revision of
    accepted conclusions in the light of newly discovered facts.”

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    5/7/2020

    Continued
    •Thus, any conscious attempt to study a problem systematically or any
    effort that aims to generate new knowledge may be regarded as
    research.

    •Research process is therefore cyclical. It begins with a quest for an


    answer of a hard question and ends with a broad generalization or
    answers to specific inquiry.

    •Next slide figure shows the cyclic process.

    Research Process

    Source: Aminuzzaman, M. Salahuddin, Essentials of Social Research, 2011, P 6.

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    Aims of Research

    Main aims of any research are as follows

    ▪ Find new dimensions and generalizations with old data;

    ▪ Know old conclusions with new data;

    ▪ Draw different conclusion from the same set of data;

    ▪ Put forward an entirely original idea or theory, or to discover unexplored


    horizon of knowledge; and

    ▪ Find or to resolve contradictions existing in the area of study.

    Features/Characteristics of Research
    Research as a process has at least 6 distinct features
    ✓ It originates with at least one question and attempts to satisfy the researcher with answer of that
    unanswered question;

    ✓ A clear statement of the problem is a precondition of any research. It testimonies existence of a research
    puzzle.

    ✓ Stated research problem can be divisible into sub-problems/specific objectives answerable through the
    formulation of hypothesis for each of those.

    ✓ Research looks for facts directed by the hypothesis and guided by the problem. It is systematic
    methodological approach. Personal beliefs, cultures, practices are not its part.

    ✓ It only endorses solid, measurable data and information to answer to the inquiry. Unproved speculations
    are not entertainable to draw conclusions.

    ✓ Research, by its nature is a cyclic process. Interpretation and analysis leads to the conclusion either
    confirming neither rejecting the hypotheses. Hence, doing once again will complete the research cycle in
    similar vein.

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    5/7/2020

    Sources of accumulation of knowledge


    • 5 major sources of earning knowledge
    •1st is method of tenacity. In this approach to knowledge, people generally accept
    something to be true simply because many people fervently say or believe it to be true.

    •2nd source is so-called common sense- where things commonly believed are considered
    to be true.

    •3rd method is method of authority. If well respected and authoritative sources say that
    something is so, then it must be so.

    •4th approach is method of intuition. People reach to truth because their natural
    inclination is to do so. It agrees with reason and not necessarily with experience.

    •5th and final is scientific method. This method has a key characteristics (self-correction)
    which is absent in all other four methods. It has built-in checks~ most convincing to the
    user and researcher.

    Interrelationship between sources of knowledge and research


    • Now we know that research is a systematic process of establishing
    new knowledge or modification/correction in the existing body of
    knowledge.

    • On the other side, at least one of the sources of gathering knowledge is


    scientific method with self-correction characteristics.

    • Hence, it clearly demonstrates that research as a repetitive process is


    one of the solid and original sources of knowledge.

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    5/7/2020

    Reference for this session

    Aminuzzaman, M. Salahuddin, Essentials of Social Research, Osder

    Publications, Dhaka, 2011, PP 1-7, 28-31.

    Sample questions from this session


    1) Define research. How research and sources of accumulation of knowledge are
    interrelated? Explain with example.

    2) What is research? What are the main aims and features of research?

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    5/7/2020

    Thanks 

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