INDIA

SIZE AND LOCATION

A L U C KY P R E SE NT AT ION
DID YOU
KNOW?
• Why is Indian Ocean named after India?
No other country has a long coastline on the
Indian Ocean as India has and indeed, it is
India's eminent position in the Indian Ocean,
which justifies the naming of an Ocean after it.
INDIA AND
THE WORLD
• The Indian landmass has central
location between the East and the
West Asia. India is a southward
extension of the Asian continent.
• The trans Indian Ocean routes,
which connect the countries
of Europe in the West and
the countries of East Asia, provide a
strategic central location to India.
• What is the north south extend of the country?
3214 km
• What is the east west extend of the country?
2933 km
• What is the Standard Meridian followed in India?
82°30'E passing through Mirzapur (in Uttar Pradesh) is
taken as the standard time for the whole country.
LATITUDINAL
AND
LONGITUDINAL • Identify the latitude extent of India.

EXTENT OF 8°4'N and 37°6'N

INDIA • Identity the longitudinal extent of India

68°7'E and 97°25'E
• Name the important latitude that passes
through India.
23°30'N
AMAZING FACT
• Since the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869,
India's distance from Europe has been
reduced by 7,000 km.
DID YOU
KNOW?
• The southernmost point of the Indian
Union 'Indira Point' got submerged
under the sea water in 2004 during
Tsunami.
INDIA AND
THE WORLD • India contacts with the World have continued
through ages but her relationships through
the land routes are much older than her
maritime contacts.
• The various passes across the mountains in
the mountains in the
north have provided passages to the ancient
travellers, while the oceans restricted
such interaction for a long time.
INDIA AND • These routes have contributed in the
exchange of ideas and commodities since
THE WORLD ancient times.
• The ideas of the Upanishads and the
Ramayana, the stories of Panchatantra.
• The Indian numerals and the decimal system
thus could reach many parts of the world.
• The spices, muslin and other merchandise
were taken from India to different countries.
• On the other hand, the influence of Greek
sculpture, and the architectural styles of
dome and minarets from West Asia can be
seen in different parts of our country.
 Before we get into the Union Territories and their
STATES AND
•
capitals. Let us first have a look at the recent
updates on UT's as of March 2020.
CAPITALS OF • Since 26th January 2020, India has 8
INDIA : U.T union territories.
The UT Daman and Diu , Dandra and Nagar
UPDATES
•
Haveli have become a single union territory.
• On August 5, the central government had also
announced the abrogation of
the special status given to Jammu and
Kashmir under Article 370 and
its division into two Union Territories i.e., UTs of
Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh.
• With the merger of daman and Diu, and Dadra
and Nagar Haveli, the number of UT's
have come down to eight.
UNION
TERRITORIES • Andaman and Nicobar Islands(Port Blair)
• Chandigarh(Chandigarh)
• Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
• The Government of NCT of Delhi(Delhi)
• Jammu and Kashmir(Srinagar, Jammu)
• Ladakh(Leh)
• Lakshadweep(Kavaratti)
• Puducherry(Puducherry)
INDIA'S
NEIGHBOURS
• India shares its boundaries with :
1. Pakistan and Afghanistan in the northwest
2. China(Tibet), Nepal and Bhutan in the north
3. Myanmar and Bangladesh in the east
4. Our southern neighbours across the sea
consist of the two island countries namely
Sri Lanka and Maldives.
INDIA'S
NEIGHBOURS
• Sri Lanka is separated from India by
a narrow channel of sea formed by
the Palk Strait and the Gulf of
Mannar.
• Maldives Islands are situated to
the south of the Lakshadweep
Islands.
SOME IMPORTANT
QUESTIONS
1. The sun 2 hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh as compared to Gujarat in the West but
the watches show the same time. How does this happen?
i. From Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh there is a time lap of two hours but the watches
show the same time because the time along the Standard Meridian of India passing
to Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh is taken as the standard time for the whole country.
ii. As we adopt the same standard time for the whole country the watches show the
time in Arunachal Pradesh, Gujarat and in all parts of the country.
2. Why is the difference between duration of day and night hardly felt at Kanyakumari
but not so in Kashmir?
i. The difference in the duration of day and night and Kanyakumari and Kashmir are
respectively due to latitudinal locations.
ii. Kanyakumari is located closer to the Equator and experiences maximum difference
of 45mins between day and night.
iii. However Kashmir lies further away from the Equator and experience a significant
gap between the duration of day and night that can extend to as much as 3-5 hours.
3. Explain why 82°30' E and odd value has been chosen as the Standard meridian of
India.
i. The odd value has the standard meridian because the longitudinal extend of India is
68°7'E to 97°25'E and this meridian passes through center of India.
ii. It passes to Mirzapur that is the center of India. There is an understanding among
the countries of the world that the decrease of the meridian should be divisible by
7½ that is 82°30E.
iii. This enables us to overcome the difference of two hours of time between Arunachal
Pradesh and Gujarat. The time is Indian Standard Time.
4. Why are Ahmedabad and Kolkata able the see the noon seen exactly overhead twice
a year but not Delhi?
The sun apparent movement towards north and south of the Equator is within two
tropics
i. All the places located within the tropics have overhead sun twice a year.
ii. Both Ahmedabad and Kolkata lie to the south of tropic of Cancer. That is why these
two places experience the noon sun overhead twice a year.
iii. Delhi is located at 29°N latitude much to the north of tropic of Cancer.
iv. The sun rays are near over head in the sub-tropical zone. It will never see the noon
sun overhead at any time of the year.