IoT Innovation And Solutions in Water
Management:A Systematic Perspective
Zaki Neyaz
B.Tech Computer Science
Quantum University
Sasaram(Br), India
Zneyaz40@gmail.com
Abstract—In the pursuit of intelligent and smart agriculture,
water quality monitoring emerges as a essential component, and
its cruicial for daily need for the humanity.this article paper
tell us the challenges and advancement in monitering of water
quality over the last five year.The selected articles, predominantly
reviews and experimental studies, were categorized into three
groups based on similar experimental conditions, establishing
a taxonomy to enhance organization.this analysis tell us the
reaserch gaps in model acuuracy,collecting of datails and system
development in framework proposed in lat five year research
papers. This paper not only current problems and need but
also tels us the way and technique for betterment in this
fild. By methodologies, the study clarifies research gaps and
underscores critical topics crucial for the development of water
quality monitoring. The article conclude by presenting research
directions aimed at achieving smart water quality, providing
valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners
involved in advancing water quality monitoring technologies.
Index Terms—Water quality monitoring; Internet of Things;
embedded systems, Deep Learning
I. I NTRODUCTION
In realation of worldwide water resource In the context
of global water resource, the escalation of urbanization and
industrialization has raised significant concerns about the
proliferation of pollutants in water bodies. Human activities,
such as dumping solid waste and air pollution, contribute to
water contamination, impacting the aquatic food chain ad-
versely. Additionally, conventional water distribution systems
may introduce unwanted substances like rust and metals, silt,
and mud. Recognizing the imperative need for innovative
monitoring and mitigation strategies, the traditional manual
methods of water quality assessment are deemed cumbersome,
expensive, and less efficient due to the intricate processes
involved in identifying pollutants, assessing pollution levels,
and pinpointing pollution sources.
The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless sen-
sor networks has revolutionized water and air quality monitor-
ing systems, providing continuous sensing, multiple sensors,
automated control, and wireless data acquisition mechanisms.
Cutting-edge technologies, including machine learning, deep
learning, and fuzzy logic, integrated with IoT, are recognized
as efficient tools for water quality monitoring. This paper
aims to conduct a systematic literature review to explore
recent trends in water quality management integrated with
Nidhi Jhangde
B.Tech Computer Science
Quantum University
Roorkee(UK), India
IoT technology. The study seeks to provide valuable insights
into the technological landscape, categorizing and mapping
the research efforts to identify gaps and challenges faced by
researchers. As an essential contribution to the advancement
of this field, the paper outlines future research directions.
The primary objectives of this study include examining prior
research, summarizing conclusions on criteria for determining
water quality levels, evaluating data acquisition systems (DAS)
employed for water sampling, and investigating the approaches
and characteristics used to categorize and measure water
quality. The systematic literature review protocol is introduced,
followed by an illustration of the taxonomy and its analysis.
The paper concludes with a bibliography and emphasizes the
importance of addressing these research questions to advance
the understanding and management of water quality in the
context of evolving technological landscapes.
II. P ROPOSED M ETHODOLOGY
The study at hand undertakes a systematic literature review
(SLR) to comprehensively analyze the current state of research
on water quality monitoring and inspection. The primary
focus is on experiments-based studies, aiming to address key
questions in the field. These questions include the types of
Data Acquisition Systems (DAS) employed for water sample
collection, methodologies for DAS evaluations, approaches to
water quality categorization, and the characteristics used to
measure water quality in prior research.
The SLR protocol utilized in this study involves a thorough
examination of literature related to water quality monitoring.
Three major databases, namely Web of Science (WoS), Sci-
enceDirect (SD), and IEEE Xplore, were selected as reliable
sources. The search strategy incorporated Boolean operators
and specific keywords related to water quality and IoT, re-
flecting the interdisciplinary nature of the research.
The systematic approach involved three main steps: article
gathering, title and abstract scanning, and full-text reading.
The inclusion criteria emphasized English language articles
published in reputable journals, focusing on water quality
monitoring and utilizing electronic monitoring systems, espe-
cially those incorporating IoT technology. The exclusion cri-
teria filtered out non-English articles, conference papers, and
studies not directly related to water monitoring frameworks.

The taxonomy section of the paper provides a structured
overview of the reviewed articles, categorizing them into AI-
based and non-AI-based methods. Within the AI-based meth-
ods, sub-categories include machine learning, fuzzy logic, and
deep learning methods. The non-AI-based methods are further
divided into efficiency optimization, water analytics, system
design, and system development. Each category encompasses
various studies illustrating the diversity of approaches in the
field.
The taxonomy section provides a detailed breakdown of
the AI-based methods, focusing on the application of machine
learning, fuzzy logic, and deep learning techniques in real-time
water quality monitoring systems. The non-AI-based methods
section explores articles emphasizing energy efficiency, water
analytics, system design, and system development, showcasing
a range of approaches in the absence of artificial intelligence.
The section on review and survey articles highlights a spe-
cific study that reviewed energy-efficient solutions for Wireless
Sensor Networks (WSN) in water quality monitoring. This
single article underscores a potential research gap, indicating
the need for further comprehensive reviews in this essential
area.
In conclusion, this systematic literature review adopts a
robust methodology to examine and categorize a diverse range
of studies in water quality monitoring. The taxonomy section
effectively organizes the literature, shedding light on both AI-
based and non-AI-based methods. The inclusion of a review
and survey article emphasizes the importance of continuous
assessment and identification of research gaps in the dynamic
field of water quality monitoring
R ECOMMENDATIONS
This comprehensive study focuses on the advancements and
future prospects of water quality management, particularly
in the context of IoT technology and its integration with
cutting-edge solutions. The research explores diverse aspects,
ranging from sensor-related innovations to technology and
framework enhancements, emphasizing the continuous evo-
lution of methodologies for water quality monitoring. Au-
thors have presented various recommendations, including the
expansion of water quality monitoring networks through the
utilization of advanced remote sensing technologies and IoT-
based solutions. The study also delves into the deployment of
multi-criteria network-aware service composition algorithms
and the application of deep learning and artificial intelli-
gence to create smart data analysis schemes for evaluating
and forecasting water quality. The investigation extends to
factors/framework-related considerations, such as the analysis
of additional characteristics in water quality, the creation of
intelligent water quality solutions, and the development of
ergonomic and cost-effective designs.
In the bibliography analysis section, the authors present sta-
tistical insights, showcasing the distribution of studies across
different countries and publication years. India emerges as
a significant contributor to the research, followed by China,
Malaysia, and other countries. The analysis sheds light on
the temporal evolution of research, indicating a notable surge
in publications in 2020, followed by 2019 and 2018, with
limited contributions in 2021. This abstract captures the mul-
tifaceted nature of the study, offering a glimpse into the
diverse recommendations, technological advancements, and
global contributions in the realm of water quality management
integrated with IoT technology.
III. C ONCLUSION
In conclusion, this systematic literature review provides a
comprehensive overview of the challenges and advancements
in water quality monitoring, particularly in the context of
intelligent and smart agriculture, with a focus on the last
five years. The selected articles, categorized into three groups
based on experimental conditions, reveal significant research
gaps in model accuracy, data collection methods, and system
development within proposed frameworks. The taxonomy and
analysis presented in the paper effectively organize the lit-
erature, categorizing studies into AI-based and non-AI-based
methods, shedding light on the diverse approaches employed
in the field. The recommendations emphasize the integration
of advanced technologies such as IoT, machine learning, deep
learning, and fuzzy logic to enhance real-time water quality
monitoring systems. The research directions proposed in the
conclusion offer valuable insights for researchers, policymak-
ers, and practitioners, guiding the future development of smart
water quality monitoring technologies.