《一百一十學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)

姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 A 2 A 3 B 4 C 5 D 閱
複
6 C 7 送分 8 B 9 C 10 B 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
11 AD 12 BC 13 BD 14 AC 15 AD 閱
複
閱
Q1

(a) sin(x) ≤ 1 and t > 0, so sint (x) ≤ 1. (1pt)

For x ∈ [0, π/2], 0 ≤ cos(x) ≤ 1, so sint (x) cos(x) ≤ sint (x). (1pt)
Remark 0.1. 1 pt for each inequality.

(b)
π
sint+1 (x) 2
= (2pt)
t+1 0
1
= (1pt)
t+1

(c)
!1/t !1/t !1/t
Z π/2 Z π/2 Z π/2
t t
sin (x) cos(x) dx ≤ sin (x) dx ≤ 1 dx (1pts)
0 0 0

!1/t 1/t
  Z π/2 
1 1 t 1
lim ln = 0, → lim sin (x) cos(x) dx = lim = 1. (2pts)
t→∞ t t+1 t→∞ 0 t→∞ t+1

Remark 0.2. Calculation is required.

!1/t
Z π/2  π 1/t
lim 1 dx = lim = 1. (1pts)
t→∞ 0 t→∞ 2
By the Squeez Theorem, we have
!1/t
Z π/2
t
lim sin (x) dx = 1. (1pts)
t→∞ 0

1
 Q2

(a) If f is continuous on [a, b], there there is c ∈ [a, b] such that

Z b
1
f (c) = f (x) dx.
b−a a

(2pt)
Remark 0.3. If written as c ∈ (a, b) is ok, get 2pt.
Rx
(b) F 00 (x) = f (u) du + xf (x).
R11/2
F 00 ( 12 ) = 1 f (u) du + 12 f ( 21 ). (2pt)
R 1/2
According to MVT, there exits ξ ∈ [ 12 , 1] such that 1 f (u) du = − 12 f (ξ). (2pt)
Since f is an increasing function, F 00 ( 12 ) = 21 (−f (ξ) + f ( 12 )) ≤ 0. (2pt)

Rx
(b’) F 00 (x) = f (u) du + xf (x).
R11/2
F 00 ( 12 )
= 1 f (u) du + 12 f ( 21 ). (2pt)
R 1/2
We have F 00 ( 12 ) = 1 f (u) − f ( 12 ) du. (2pt)

Since f is an increasing function, f (u) − f ( 12 ) > 0, so F 00 ( 12 ) ≤ 0 . (2pt)

Rx
(b”) F 00 (x) = f (u) du + xf (x).
R11/2
F 00 ( 12 )
= 1 f (u) du + 12 f ( 21 ). (2pt)
R1
Since f is an increasing function, 1/2 f (u) du ≤ 21 f ( 12 ), (2pt)
R 1/2
so F 00 ( 12 ) = 1 f (u) du + 12 f ( 12 ) ≤ 0 . (2pt)

(c) F 000 (x) = 2f (x) + xf 0 (x). (1pt)

Since f is an increasing function, f 0 > 0. (1pt)
x ∈ (0, 1), f > 0 and f 0 > 0,
so F 000 > 0, therefore F 00 is an increasing function. (1pt)
Rx
(c’) Assume x > y, we have F 00 (x) − F 00 (y) = y f (u) du + (xf (x) − yf (y)).
Rx
Since f > 0, y f (u)dx > 0. (1pt)
Since f is an increasing function, xf (x) − yf (y) > 0. (1pt)
Therefore F 00 is an increasing function. (1pt)

Rx
(c”) f (x) is an increasing function, so 1 f (u) du is an increasing function. (1pt)
x and f (x) are increasing
R x functions, so xf (x) is an increasing function. (1pt)
Therefore, F 00 (x) = 1 f (u) du + xf (x) is the sum of two increasing functions, which is
also an increasing function. (1pt)

(d) Suppose F 00 ( 12 ) = 0, done. (1pt)

R1
(Existence) F 00 (1) = 1 f (u) du + f (1) = f (1) > 0;
Also we have F 00 ( 12 ) < 0, by Intermediate Value Theorem, there exits ξ 0 ∈ ( 21 , 1) such
that F 00 (ξ 0 ) = 0. (2pt)

(Uniqueness) Furthermore, F 00 is increasing (by (c)), so there exists exactly one root of F . (1pt)

2
 《一百零九學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 A 2 C 3 C 4 D 5 B 閱
複
6 D 7 A 8 A 9 C 10 B 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
11 AC 12 AC 13 CD 14 ABD 15 AD 閱
複
閱
 Problem 1. (10%)

Set
(A) [Way I.]
l ＝一 A B C
十 十 ．
x(x 十 l)(x+2) x x+l x+2
1 = A(x+l)(x +2) +Bx(x+2) +Cx(x +1)
close x = 0 *
1 = A·1·2 今 A=1
x = -1 *
1 = B(-1)(1) 弓 fl= -1
x=-戸1 = C(-2)(-1) C=t *
[Way II.]
l A B
= +
x(x+l)(x+2) x(x +1) (x十l)(x+2)
= ( + -
� � x�\ ) �(x:l x�\ )
十

[common part]
2 1 2
=;> 一十 十

j
x x+l x+2
1
x(x+l)(x+2)
dx =
記
j 上二十』
記十 1 X +2
) dx

=-1 1
ln lxl - ln Ix+11 +- ln Ix+21+C
2 2
=- 1 lx(x+2)1
In +c
2 (x + 1)2
Note that:
If students do not write down the constant C, only one point will be given.

(B) 丨OO x(x+虛l)(x+2) = H=

1
lirn
l x(x+dxl)(x+2)
l lx(x+2)1 x=t
From (A) = lim - J
巨 oo 2 (x+1 )2 x= l

1 1t(l+2)1 3
= lim - （ ln ln 一2 ）
t---t<X> 2 (t+l)2 2
lt(t+2)1 = 11(1 + t)I
lim lim =1
Hoo (t+1)2 尸 0 (l+f)2

Since 止(x) is continuous at x=l

* 巨 o2
1
lim - （In
1t(t+2)1 3
(t+1)2
-In 一 ）
4
1 lt(l + 2)1 3
= - (ln lim -In- ）
2 H<X> (t+1)2 4
13 14 1 1 1
=--In -=-In- = -(4 ln ) = -(2 ln2 -柘3) = In2 - -In
ln -3 3
24 23 2 2 2

』立
n
(C) In = 主仁
1
1t +1
(� ) ln(l +k) or l) k -l (: ln(l+k)
=l

主 立
k )

1 n+l n
or
n
(-1t ( k (-lt ( luk
k - 1) 扣 01
k=l k - 1)
n+l n+l
or
1 n
L( l)k ( _ Ink
訌k=2 - k 1)
or� 芷(-1 l ( : Ink
k l)
 2x3
Problem 2. (15%) Let f(x) =
x2 - 4·
Sol. Since the domain of f is照\ { -2, 2}, SO X =土2 can't be critical numbers or inflection points

(A) (i) (1.5pts) Since

lim f(x) = w and lim f(x) =w ,
X-+2+ X-->(-2)+

so f has vertical asymptotes x = —2 and x =2

3
2x 阮
(ii) (1.5pts) Evaluate that f(x) = - = 2x + -—. Since
2
x - 4 x -4
2

8x
lim {f (x) -2x } = lim { ——- } =0 = lim {f(x) - 2x},
X->(JJ 2 X--+C/) X - 4 X-->-(JJ

so j has a slant asymptote y = 2x

2x3
(B) Since f(x) = — , so
x2 - 4
6x2 (x 2 - 4) - 2x 3 ·2x 2x 2 (x2 - 12)
f'(x) = A 、')
I --')
(x 2 —4) 2 .
(i) Let f'(x) =0. Then x =士2翥We obtain critical numbers are x =士2翥
(ii) Since f'(x) < 0 on (-2 矗，-2) u (-2,2) u (2,2\/3), f is decreasing on (-這， -2) u
(-2, 2) u (2, 2翥）
(iii) Since f'(x) > O on (-w, -2蓋） u (2矗，叮fis increasing on (-媯－這） u (2矗，(j))
(iv) Moreover, by the First Derivative Test, f has a local minimum value f(2翥） =6矗and
a local maximum value f仁2矗） = -6氙

(C) Evaluate that

(8x 3 - 48x)(x 2 - 4) 2 - (2x 4 - 24x 2) ·2(x 2 - 4). 2x
f "(x) =

4x(2x 2 - 12)(x 2 - 4) - (2x4 - 24x勺4x

(x 2 - 4)3
4x(2x 4 - 20x 2 + 48 - 2x4 + 24x勺 4x
＝
(x 2 - 4)3
16x(x 2 + 12)
(x 2 - 4) 3 ·
(i) Let f"(x) =0. Then x = 0.

(ii) Since f"(x) < 0 on (0,2) and f"(x) > 0 on (-2,0), f has an inflection point (0, O)
(iii) Since f"(x) > 0 on (-2,0) v (2,oo), f is concave upward on (-2,0) v (2,oo)
(iv) Since f"(x) < 0 on (-oo, -2) v (0, 2), f is concave downward on (-oo, 一 2) V (0, 2)

D
(D) Sketch the graph of f

�:::�/J
／
 《一百零八學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 D 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 C 閱
複
6 B 7 D 8 D 9 C 10 C 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
11 BD 12 ABC 13 ABCD 14 ABCD 15 ACD 閱
複
閱
Q1 the answer:

(a) By the implicit differentiation, we have

x(3x + 4)
2x(x + 2) + x2 = 2yy ′ or y ′ = , if y ̸= 0. (2pts)∗1
2y
Therefore, y ′ = 0 implies x = −4/3 or x = 0. Putting x = 0 into the equation of C, we have y = 0.
Note that C cannot produce a horizontal√tangent of C at (0, 0) (see Figure 1). Putting x = −4/3
into the equation of C, we obtain y = ± 4 9 6 . Hence, C has horizontal tangents at
√ ! √ !
4 4 6 4 4 2
− ,± or − , ± √ . (3pts)∗2
3 9 3 3 3

Remark 0.1. √
(*1) 若學生沒有使用 the implicit differentiation, 而是考慮 y = ±x x + 2 並得到正確的 y ′ ，即
√ x 
y′ = ± x + 2 + √ ,
2 x+2
仍可得到第一部分的 2 分。 √
(*2) 若學生最後答案為 (− 43 , ± 4 9 6 ) 與 (0, 0)，即沒有排除 (0, 0)，則第二部分的 3 分僅得 2 分。

(b) The area enclosed by the loop is

Z 0 Z
√ 0 √ √
2 −x x + 2dx or −x x + 2 − x x + 2dx. (2pts)
−2 −2
By u-substitution and a careful calculation, the area is
Z 2 2
√ 4 3/2  2 32 √
−2 (u − 2) udu = −2 u5/2 − u = 2. (3pts)∗3
0 5 3 0 15

Remark 0.2.
(*3) 在已得到第一部分 2 分的前提下，若最後答案錯誤但有正確的 substitution form
Z 2
√
−2 (u − 2) udu,
0
則仍可得到第二部分 3 分中的 2 分。

1
Q2 the answer:

(a) Set x(t) = e−t sin t and y(t) = e−t cos t. Note that
x′ (t) = e−t (− sin t + cos t), y ′ (t) = e−t (− sin t − cos t). (2pts)
This implies p √
ds = (dx)2 + (dy)2 = 2e−t dt, (1pts)
and, hence, the length of {γ(t)|0 ≤ t < ∞} equals
Z Z ∞√ √
ds = 2e−t dt = 2. (1pts)
0

(b) The desired surface area equals

Z √ Z ∞
2π|1 − x|ds = 2 2π (1 − e−t sin t)e−t dt. (2pts)
0
Since e−t sin t ≥ −1, one has
Z ∞ Z ∞
(1 − e−t sin t)e−t dt ≤ 2 e−t dt = 2 < ∞. (2pts)
0 0
This implies that the surface area is finite.
(c) By the formula of x′ (t) and y ′ (t) (see Part (a)), one has
(
dy 1 at γ(π/2) and γ(3π/2),
= (4pts)
dx −1 at γ(π) and γ(2π).
As a result, the desired area equals
|x(π/2) − x(3π/2)| × |y(π) − y(2π)| (e−π/2 + e−3π/2 )(e−π + e−2π )
=
2 2
e −3π/2 −π
(1 + e )2
= . (3pts)#
2
Remark 0.3.
(#) 面積有另外兩種計算方式。首先，這四條切線分別為
L1 : x − y = e−π/2 ; L2 : x + y = −e−π ;
L3 : x − y = −e−3π/2 ; L4 : x + y = e−2π .
因為該四邊形為矩形，面積為 L1 與 L3 的距離乘以 L2 與 L4 的距離，亦即
e−π/2 + e−3π/2 e−π + e−2π e−3π/2 (1 + e−π )2
√ × √ = .
2 2 2
另一種算法是找出四邊形中的任意三個頂點（四個頂點座標如下），例如 P, Q, R。
! !
e−π/2 − e−π −e−π/2 − e−π −e−3π/2 − e−π e−3π/2 − e−π
P = , ; Q= , ;
2 2 2 2
! !
−e−3π/2 + e−2π e−3π/2 + e−2π e−π/2 + e−2π −e−π/2 + e−2π
R= , ; S= , .
2 2 2 2
則面積為
e−π/2 + e−3π/2 e−π + e−2π e−3π/2 (1 + e−π )2
√
P Q × QR =
× √ = .
2 2 2
無論用何種方法，有完整呈現面積計算方式者得 2 分（不完全者得 1 分），最後有正確計算出面積
者得第 3 分。

2
 SUGGESTED SOLUTION FOR COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF
CALCULUS (II) IN WINTER, 2020 (108-1)

´
TÂN UI-TSIȦT

Abstract. This text is a document of suggested solution for comprehensive assessment of Calculus (I), which is
held on January 8th, 2020. It happened during the first semester on 108th academical year.

1/ tan x
Question 1. [03.6-S-FF] The limit lim (cos x − sin x) is
x→0
−1
(A) 0. (B) 1. (C) e. (D) e .
cos x − 1 1 x2 sin x tan x
Solution 1. Since lim 2
= − , cos x ≈ 1 − near 0. Similarly, lim = lim = 1, sin x ≈ tan x ≈
x→0 x 2 2 x→0 x x→0 x
x near 0. Therefore,
1/x
x2

1/ tan x 1/x
lim (cos x − sin x) = lim 1 − x − = lim (1 − x) = e−1 .
x→0 x→0 2 x→0

Ans: (D).

Question 2. [06.3-S-FF] Let R be the region enclosed by y 2 − y + x = 0 and x = 0. The volume of the solid
obtained by rotating R about the line y = 2 equals
(A) π/4. (B) π/2. (C) π. (D) 3π/2.

Solution 2. Note that x = −y 2 + y ≥ 0 ⇔ 0 ≤ y ≤ 1. By shell method,

Z 1 Z 1   1
2 3 2 1 4 3 2 π
V = 2π|2 − y|(−y + y) dy = 2π y − 3y + 2y dy = 2π y −y +y = .
0 0 4 y=0 2
Ans: (B).

Question 3. [02.5-S-FFF] Consider the following functions.

 
0, x 6= 0, x cos x, x 6= 0,
f (x) = , g(x) =
1, x = 0.  1 , x = 0.
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
(A) lim f (x) = 1. (B) lim g(x) = 1. (C) lim g(f (x)) = cos 1. (D) lim f (g(x)) = 0.
x→0 x→0 x→0 x→0

Solution 3. (A) lim f (x) = lim 0 = 0.

x→0 x→0
(B) lim g(x) = lim x cos x = 0 · cos 0 = 0.
x→0 x→0
(C)  
g(0), x 6= 0,  1 , x 6= 0,
g(f (x)) = =
g(1), x = 0. cos 1, x = 0.
Thus lim g(f (x)) = lim 1 = 1.
x→0 x→0

Date: September 1, 2020.

Key words and phrases. Limit, derivative, Riemann integral, volume, parametric equation.
Thanks to Ellie Sung.
1
2 ´
TÂN UI-TSIȦT

π
(D) Notice that x cos x = 0 ⇔ x = 0 or + kπ, k ∈ Z. Now,
2
π
 
f (x cos x), x 6= 0, 1, x= + kπ, k ∈ Z,
f (g(x)) = = 2
 f (1) , x = 0. 0, otherwise.
Hence lim f (g(x)) = lim 0 = 0.
x→0 x→0
Ans: (D).
 
π 1
Question 4. [08.1-S-FF] The length of the curve y = ln(cos x) from (0, 0) to , − ln 2 equals
4 2
√ √
 


1
(A) ln 2 + 1 . (B) ln 2 2 + 1 . (C) ln √ + 1 . (D) 1.
2
Solution 4.
s 2
π/4 π/4 
− sin x
Z Z p Z
L= ds = 1 + (y 0 )2 dx = 1+ dx
0 0 cos x
π/4
Z π/4 p Z π/4 √ 
2
= 1 + tan x dx = | sec x| dx = ln | sec x + tan x| = ln 2+1 .
0 0
x=0

Ans: (A).

Question 5. [07.1-S-F] Let f be an odd function defined on (−∞, ∞). If f 0 is continuous and f (1) = 1, then
Z 2
xf 0 (1 − x) dx equals
0
(A) 1. (B) −1. (C) 2. (D) −2.

Solution 5. By integration by parts, chain rule and change of variable,

Z 2 2 Z 2
0
I := xf (1 − x) dx = x · (−f (1 − x)) − (−f (1 − x)) dx
0 x=0 0
Z 1
= 2 · (−f (−1)) + f (u) du (set u = 1 − x).
−1
R1
Since f is odd on (−∞, ∞), −f (−1) = f (1) = 1 and −1
f (u) du = 0, we have I = 2 · 1 + 0 = 2.
Ans: (C).

Question 6. [04.2-S-FFFF] Let f be a differentiable function defined on (0, ∞). Which of the following must
be TRUE?
(A) If lim f (x) = ∞, then lim f 0 (x) > 0. (B) If lim f 0 (x) > 0, then lim f (x) = ∞.
x→∞ x→∞ x→∞ x→∞
(C) If lim f (x) = ∞, then lim f 0 (x) = −∞. (D) If lim f 0 (x) = −∞, then lim f (x) = ∞.
x→0+ x→0+ x→0+ x→0+

1
Solution 6. (A) For f (x) = ln x on (−∞, ∞), lim f (x) = ∞, and lim f 0 (x) = lim = 0.
x→∞ x→∞ x
x→∞
(B) Since lim f 0 (x) := L > 0, for fixed 0 < m < L, we can find tm 0
> 0 such that f (x) > m for x > tm . Hence
x→∞
by mean value theorem, for x > tm , there exists a cm ∈ (tm , x) such that

f (x) = f (tm ) + f 0 (cm )(x − tm ) > f (tm ) + m(x − tm ) → ∞ as x → ∞.

1 1 1 1 1
+ sin on (0, ∞). Since − 1 ≤ f (x) ≤ + 1 for x > 0, and lim+ = ∞. By squeeze
(C) For f (x) =
x x x x x→0 x
theorem, lim+ f (x) = ∞.
x→0  
1 1
Now, f 0 (x) = − 2 cos + 1 for x > 0.
x x
 SOLUTION FOR FINAL, 108-1 3

1
Set xn = for n ∈ N. Then xn > 0, and lim xn = 0. But f 0 (xn ) = 0 for every n ∈ N. Thus
(2n − 1)π n→∞
lim+ f 0 (x) 6= −∞ (actually, it does not exist).
x→0
√ 1
(D) For f (x) = − x on (0, ∞), lim f (x) = 0, and lim f 0 (x) = lim − √ = −∞.
x→0+ x→0 + x→0 + 2 x
Ans: (B).

Question 7. [06.2-S-FFF] Let V (t) be the volume obtained by rotating region

1 + sin2 x
A(t) := {(x, y) | 0 ≤ x ≤ t, 0 ≤ y ≤
}
2
about the y-axis. For what value of −∞ < r < ∞ and 0 < c < ∞ does one have
V (t)
lim+= c?
t→0 tr
(A) r = 1, c = π. (B) r = 1, c = π/2. (C) r = 2, c = π. (D) r = 2, c = π/2.

Solution 7. Notice that sin x ≈ x as x near 0. Thus

Z t Z t
1 + sin2 x
 
V (t) = 2πxy dx = 2πx dx
0 0 2
Z t Z t
1 + x2
   
1
≈ 2πx dx ≈ 2πx dx (we take lowest term only near 0)
0 2 0 2
π
= t2 .
2
Ans: (D).

Question 8. [05.3-S-FFF] Assume that f is continuous and satisfies the following equation
 2  2  2
  2
f xn + f 2xn + · · · f (n−1)x
n + f nx
n sin(πx)
lim = ,
n→∞ n x
for every real number x 6= 0. Find f (1).
(A) π. (B) π/2. (C) 0. (D) −π/2.

Solution 8. Z x2
n 
1 X x2
  2
kx 1 sin(πx)
L = lim f = f (t) dt = .
n→∞ x2 n n x2 0 x
k=1
Z x2
Thus f (t) dt = x sin(πx). By fundamental theorem of calculus and chain rule,
0
sin π + π cos π π
f (x2 ) · 2x = sin(πx) + πx cos(πx), f (1) = =− .
2 2
Ans: (D).

Question 9. [07.1-S-FF] Find the condition under which the value of the following integral must be positive
Z 2π/β
eαt (α cos(βt) − β sin(βt)) dt.
0
(A) α > 0, β < 0. (B) β > 2πα. (C) αβ > 0. (D) β < 2πα.

Solution 9.
Z 2π/β 2π/β
αt αt 2απ
e (α cos(βt) − β sin(βt)) dt = e cos(βt) = e2απ/β − 1 > 0 ⇔ > 0 ⇔ αβ > 0.
0 β
t=0
Ans: (C).
4 ´
TÂN UI-TSIȦT

Question 10. [04.1-S-FFFF] Consider the function F (x) = (f ◦ g 0 )(x), where


 x2 − 3 , if x ≤ 1,
g(x) = f (x) = 4x3 − 15x2 + 12x.
− 2 − x−1 , if x > 1;
x 2

Which of the following about the absolute maximum value yM and absolute minimum value ym of F on
{x : 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 and F (x) is defeind} is true?
11
(A) yM = 1, ym = 0. (B) yM = , ym = −4.
4
11
(C) yM = , no absolute minimum value. (D) yM = 1, ym = −4.
4
Solution 10. Note that f 0 (x) = 6(2x − 1)(x − 2),

 2x , if x < 1,
g 0 (x) =
 22 − 1 , if x > 1.
x 2

Notice that g is not differentiable at x = 1. And


 2 , if x < 1,
g 00 (x) =
− 43 , if x > 1.
x

Therefore, 
 6(4x − 1)(2x − 2) · 2 , if x < 1,
F 0 (x) = (f ◦ g 0 )0 (x) = f 0 (g 0 (x))g 00 (x) =
6 42 − 2 22 − 5 − 43 ,




x x 2 x if x > 1.
To find critical points of F ,
F 0 (x) = (f ◦ g 0 )0 (x) = f 0 (g 0 (x))g 00 (x) = 0
   

4 2 5 4

⇔ (4x − 1)(2x − 2) = 0 and 0 ≤ x < 1 or 2
− 2 2
− − 3
= 0 and 1 < x ≤ 2
x x 2 x
1 √
⇔ x= , 2.
4
1
√
x 0 2 4 2
0 1 1
g (x) 0 0 2 2
11 11
F (x) 0 0 4 4

Set D = {x : 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 and F (x) is defeind}. Since the range of g 0 (x) on D is

 
2 1
{2x | 0 ≤ x < 1} ∪ − | 1 < x ≤ 2 = [0, 2).
x2 2
Now, from f 0 and mean value theorem, f is increasing on (−∞,1/2] and  [2, ∞), and decreasing on [1/2, 2]. For
0 0 11
x ∈ D, g (x) ∈ [0, 2), {f (g (x)) | x ∈ D} = {f (y) | y ∈ [0, 2)} = −4, . Thus f ◦ g 0 has no absolute minimum
4
on D.
Ans: (C).

Question 11. [02.3-M-F] Which of the following statements must be TRUE?

(A) If lim |f (x)| = |L|, then lim f (x) = L.
x→0 x→0
(B) If lim f (x) = L, then lim |f (x)| = |L|.
x→0 x→0
(C) If f is an odd function defined in (−∞, ∞), then lim f (x) = 0.
x→0
(D) Let f and g be defined in (−∞, ∞). If f is an even function and g is an odd function, then both f ◦ g and
g ◦ f are even function.
 SOLUTION FOR FINAL, 108-1 5

1 1 1
Solution 11. (A) Set f (x) = [x] + . Then f (x) = − for −1 ≤ x < 0, and f (x) = for 0 ≤ x < 1, and
2 2 2
1 1 1
lim |f (x)| = lim = 1. But lim f (x) = , lim f (x) = − , f has no limit as x → 0.
x→0 x→0 2 x→0+ 2 x→0− 2
(B) Since ||f (x)| − |L|| ≤ |f (x) − L| and lim |f (x) − L| = 0. By squeeze theorem, lim ||f (x)| − |L|| = 0. Hence
x→0 x→0
lim |f (x)| = |L|.
x→0
(C) Set 
 1, if x > 0,


f (x) = 0, if x = 0,


−1, if x < 0.


Then f is odd function on (−∞, ∞). But lim f (x) = 1, lim f (x) = −1, f has no limit as x → 0.
x→0+ x→0−
(D) For x ∈ R,

(f ◦ g)(−x) = f (g(−x)) = f (−g(x)) = f (g(x)) = (f ◦ g)(x),

(g ◦ f )(−x) = g(f (−x)) = g(f (x)) = (g ◦ f )(x).

Ans: (B)(D).
Rx
Question 12. [05.3-M-FF] Consider the function f (x) = 0 | sin t| dt, where −∞ < x < ∞. Which of the
following statements are TRUE?
(A) f is an increasing function. (B) f is a differentiable function.
(C) f 0 is a continuous function. (D) f 0 is a differentiable function.
Rx
Solution 12. (A) Since | sin t| ≥ 0 on R, f (x) = 0 | sin t| dt increases on R. (Actually, f strictly increases on R.)
(B) Since | sin t| is continuous on R, by fundamental theorem of calculus, f 0 (x) = | sin x|.
(C) See (B).
(D) f 0 (x) = | sin x| is differentiable on R\{kπ | k ∈ Z} only.
Ans: (A)(B)(C).
Z x2
t2
Question 13. [05.3-M-F] Define f (x) = dt. Which of the following statements are TRUE?
1 2(t2 + 1)
0
(A) f is continuous on (−∞, ∞). (B) f has a slant asymptote y = x.
(C) f is concave upward on (−∞, ∞). (D) The graph of f 0 is symmetric about the origin.
Z x
t2
Solution 13. (A) Let g(x) = 2
dt. Then g is continuous on R. Thus f (x) = g(x2 ) is also.
1 2(t + 1)
x4
(B) By chain rule and fundamental theorem of calculus, f 0 (x) = g 0 (x2 ) · (x2 )0 = 4
· 2x.
2(x + 1)
−x
lim f 0 (x) − x = lim = 0.
x→∞ x→∞ x4 + 1
Hence y = x is a slant asymptote of f 0 .
x8 + 5x4
(C) f 00 (x) = 4 ≥ 0 on R. Therefore, f is concave upward on R.
(x + 1)2
5
x
(D) f 0 (x) = 4 on R. f 0 (−x) = −f 0 (x) on R, thus f 0 is odd on R.
x +1
Ans: (A)(B)(C)(D).

Question 14. [04.3-M-FFFF] Consider the following function:


x2 sin 1 , for x 6= 0,
x
f (x) =
 0 , for x = 0.
6 ´
TÂN UI-TSIȦT

Which of the following statements are TRUE?

(A) f is differentiable at 0. (B) f has infinitely many local maxima.
(C) The curve y = f (x) has infinitely many inflection points. (D) The curve y = f (x) has a slant asymptote
y = x.
f (x) − f (0) 1 1
Solution 14. (A) = x sin for x 6= 0. Since −|x| ≤ x sin ≤ |x| for x 6= 0, and lim −|x| = lim |x| =
x−0 x x x→0 x→0

0 f (x) − f (0)
0. By squeeze theorem, f (0) = lim = 0.
 x→0 x−0  
1 1 1
(B) Since f ∈ C(R), f = 0 for all n ∈ N, and f (x) > 0 for all x ∈ , for all n ∈ N. By
nπ   (2n + 1)π 2nπ
1 1
extreme value theorem, f has local maximum on , for all n ∈ N.
  (2n + 1)π 2nπ
1 1 2 1 1 1
(C) f 00 (x) = 2 − 2 sin − cos for x 6= 0. Set xn = and yn = for every n ∈ N. Then
x x x x 2nπ 2nπ + π

f 00 (x ) = −4nπ < 0,
n
f 00 (yn ) = 4nπ + 2π > 0.

Since f ∈ C 2 (R\{0}), by intermediate value theorem, there is a zn ∈ (yn , xn ) such that f 00 (zn ) = 0. There are
infinitely (zn , f (zn )) are inflection point of f .
(D)
sin θ


θ −1
 
1 1
lim f (x) − x = lim x x sin − 1 = lim+ (set θ = )
x→∞ x→∞ x θ→0 θ x
sin θ − θ cos θ − 1 − sin θ
= lim+ = lim+ = lim+ = 0. (by L’Hôpital’s rule)
θ→0 θ2 θ→0 2θ θ→0 2
Ans: (A)(B)(C)(D).

Question 15. [05.3-M-FF] Let f and g be functions which are continuous on [a, b] and differentiable on (a, b)
where a < b. Which of the following conditions can guarantee that f and g are equal on [a, b]?
(A) lim f (y) = lim g(y) for any x on (a, b). (B) f 0 (x) = g 0 (x) for any x on (a, b).
y→x y→x
Z x Z x
(C) f (t) dt = g(s) ds for any x on (a, b).
a Z x a Z x
(D) f (x) + f (t) dt = g(x) + g(s) ds for any x on (a, b).
a a

Solution 15. (A) Since f is continuous on [a, b], f (x) = lim f (y) = lim g(y) = g(x) for any x on (a, b). Furthermore,
y→x y→x
f (a) = lim+ f (y) = lim+ g(y) = g(a). Similarly, f (b) = g(b).
y→a y→a
(B) If f 0 (x) = g 0 (x) for all x on (a, b), then there is a constant c ∈ R such that f (x) = g(x) + c for all x on (a, b).
Rx Ra
(C) Note that if h ∈ C([a, b]) and a h(t) dt = 0 for all x ∈ [a, b], then h ≡ 0 on [a, b]. Clearly, a f (t) dt =
Ra Rb Rx Rx Rb Rx
a
g(t) dt = 0. a f (t) dt = lim− a f (t) dt = lim− a g(t) dt = a g(t) dt. Hence a (f (t) − g(t)) dt = 0 for all
x→b x→b
x ∈ [a, b], f (x) − g(x) = 0 for all x ∈ [a, b].
Rx
(D) [f (x) − g(x)] + a (f (t) − g(t)) dt = 0 for all x ∈ (a, b). Set h(x) = f (x) − g(x) for all x ∈ [a, b]. Then
Rx Rx Ra
h(x) = a h(t) dt for all x ∈ (a, b). Moreover, h ∈ C([a, b]), h(a) = lim h(x) = lim a h(t) dt = a h(t) dt = 0.
x→a+ x→a+
By fundamental theorem of calculus, h0 (x) + h(x) = 0 for all x ∈ [a, b). So ex h0 (x) + ex h(x) = (ex h(x))0 = 0,
Ra
there is a c ∈ R such that ex h(x) = c for all x ∈ [a, b). Now, h(a) = ce−a = a h(t) dt = 0, c = 0. Thus,
f (x) − g(x) = 0 for all x ∈ [a, b). Furthermore, f (b) = lim− f (y) = lim− g(y) = g(b).
y→b y→b
Ans: (A)(C)(D).
 SOLUTION FOR FINAL, 108-1 7

Future Gadget Laboratory, Department of Applied Mathematics, Science Building A, Guangfu Campus, National
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu city, 30010, Taiwan
Q1 the answer:

(a) By the implicit differentiation, we have

x(3x + 4)
2x(x + 2) + x2 = 2yy ′ or y ′ = , if y ̸= 0. (2pts)∗1
2y
Therefore, y ′ = 0 implies x = −4/3 or x = 0. Putting x = 0 into the equation of C, we have y = 0.
Note that C cannot produce a horizontal√tangent of C at (0, 0) (see Figure 1). Putting x = −4/3
into the equation of C, we obtain y = ± 4 9 6 . Hence, C has horizontal tangents at
√ ! √ !
4 4 6 4 4 2
− ,± or − , ± √ . (3pts)∗2
3 9 3 3 3

Remark 0.1. √
(*1) 若學生沒有使用 the implicit differentiation, 而是考慮 y = ±x x + 2 並得到正確的 y ′ ，即
√ x 
y′ = ± x + 2 + √ ,
2 x+2
仍可得到第一部分的 2 分。 √
(*2) 若學生最後答案為 (− 43 , ± 4 9 6 ) 與 (0, 0)，即沒有排除 (0, 0)，則第二部分的 3 分僅得 2 分。

(b) The area enclosed by the loop is

Z 0 Z
√ 0 √ √
2 −x x + 2dx or −x x + 2 − x x + 2dx. (2pts)
−2 −2
By u-substitution and a careful calculation, the area is
Z 2 2
√ 4 3/2  2 32 √
−2 (u − 2) udu = −2 u5/2 − u = 2. (3pts)∗3
0 5 3 0 15

Remark 0.2.
(*3) 在已得到第一部分 2 分的前提下，若最後答案錯誤但有正確的 substitution form
Z 2
√
−2 (u − 2) udu,
0
則仍可得到第二部分 3 分中的 2 分。

1
Q2 the answer:

(a) Set x(t) = e−t sin t and y(t) = e−t cos t. Note that
x′ (t) = e−t (− sin t + cos t), y ′ (t) = e−t (− sin t − cos t). (2pts)
This implies p √
ds = (dx)2 + (dy)2 = 2e−t dt, (1pts)
and, hence, the length of {γ(t)|0 ≤ t < ∞} equals
Z Z ∞√ √
ds = 2e−t dt = 2. (1pts)
0

(b) The desired surface area equals

Z √ Z ∞
2π|1 − x|ds = 2 2π (1 − e−t sin t)e−t dt. (2pts)
0
Since e−t sin t ≥ −1, one has
Z ∞ Z ∞
(1 − e−t sin t)e−t dt ≤ 2 e−t dt = 2 < ∞. (2pts)
0 0
This implies that the surface area is finite.
(c) By the formula of x′ (t) and y ′ (t) (see Part (a)), one has
(
dy 1 at γ(π/2) and γ(3π/2),
= (4pts)
dx −1 at γ(π) and γ(2π).
As a result, the desired area equals
|x(π/2) − x(3π/2)| × |y(π) − y(2π)| (e−π/2 + e−3π/2 )(e−π + e−2π )
=
2 2
e −3π/2 −π
(1 + e )2
= . (3pts)#
2
Remark 0.3.
(#) 面積有另外兩種計算方式。首先，這四條切線分別為
L1 : x − y = e−π/2 ; L2 : x + y = −e−π ;
L3 : x − y = −e−3π/2 ; L4 : x + y = e−2π .
因為該四邊形為矩形，面積為 L1 與 L3 的距離乘以 L2 與 L4 的距離，亦即
e−π/2 + e−3π/2 e−π + e−2π e−3π/2 (1 + e−π )2
√ × √ = .
2 2 2
另一種算法是找出四邊形中的任意三個頂點（四個頂點座標如下），例如 P, Q, R。
! !
e−π/2 − e−π −e−π/2 − e−π −e−3π/2 − e−π e−3π/2 − e−π
P = , ; Q= , ;
2 2 2 2
! !
−e−3π/2 + e−2π e−3π/2 + e−2π e−π/2 + e−2π −e−π/2 + e−2π
R= , ; S= , .
2 2 2 2
則面積為
e−π/2 + e−3π/2 e−π + e−2π e−3π/2 (1 + e−π )2
√
P Q × QR =
× √ = .
2 2 2
無論用何種方法，有完整呈現面積計算方式者得 2 分（不完全者得 1 分），最後有正確計算出面積
者得第 3 分。

2
 《一百零七學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 A 2 D 3 A 4 C 5 B 閱
複
6 B 7 D 8 D 9 C 10 C 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
11 BD 12 CD 13 ACD 14 D 15 ABC 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題

1 初
1 4 2 ,0 3 3,3, 1 閱
2
評
1 2 / or 分
複
4 12 5 1
1 閱
√2
 SUGGESTED SOLUTION FOR COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF
CALCULUS (I) IN WINTER, 2019 (107-1)

´
TÂN UI-TSIȦT

Abstract. This text is a document of suggested solution for comprehensive assessment of Calculus (I),
which is held on January 9th, 2019. It happened during the first semester on 107th academical year.

Question 1. [06.5-S-F] For x > 0, let f (x) be the average value of e−t on [0, x]. How many critical
numbers on (0, ∞) does f have?
(A) 0; (B) 1; (C) 2; (D) 3.
x 
1 x −t 1 − e−x
Z 
1 −t
Solution 1. f (x) = e dt = −e = for x > 0.
x 0 x t=0 x
(−1)(−e−x ) · x − (1 − e−x ) · 1 (x + 1)e−x − 1
f 0 (x) = = = 0 ⇔ (x + 1)e−x − 1 = 0 ⇔ x + 1 = ex .
x2 x2
Set g(x) = ex − (x + 1). Then g(0) = 0 and g 0 (x) = ex − 1 > 0 for x > 0. By Mean Value Theorem, for
any x > 0, there exists a c ∈ (0, x) such that g(x) − g(0) = g 0 (c)(x − 0) > 0. Thus ex > x + 1 when x > 0,
f 0 (x) < 0 for all x > 0.
Ans: (A).
 a 1/x
Question 2. [03.6-S-F] Let f (x) = 1 + , where a 6= 0. Then f 0 (a) =
x
21/a 21/a 21/a 21/a
   
1 1
(A) ; (B) − 2 ; (C) − 2 ln 2 − ; (D) − 2 ln 2 + .
2a 2a a 2 a 2
Solution 2.
 
1 x+a 1
ln f (x) = ln = [ln(x + a) − ln x]
x x x
f 0 (x)
 
d −1 1 1 1
⇒ [f (x)] = = 2 [ln(x + a) − ln x] + −
dx f (x) x x x+a x
      
−1 1 1 1 −1 1
⇒ f 0 (a) = f (a) [ln(2a) − ln a] + − = 21/a
ln 2 + .
a2 a 2a a a2 2
Ans: (D).
Z 3−x
2
Question 3. [05.3-S-F] Let f (x) = et dt. Then (f −1 )0 (0) =
2x
−1 1 −1 1
(A) ; (B) ; (C) ; (D) .
3e4 e9 − 1 e9 + 2 e4
2
Solution 3. Notice that et > 0 for all t ∈ R. So f Z(x) = 0 ⇔ 3 − x = 2x ⇔ x = 1; f −1 (0) = 1. By Inverse
x
1 2
Function Theorem, (f −1 )0 (0) = 0 . Set g(x) = e−t dt for all x ∈ R. Then f (x) = g(3 − x) − g(2x).
f (1) 0

Date: July 19, 2019.

Key words and phrases. Limit, derivative, Riemann integral, volume, parametric equation.
Thanks to Ellie Sung.
1
2 ´
TÂN UI-TSIȦT

2
By Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, g 0 (x) = e−x . From Chain Rule, we obtain that
2 2 2 2
f 0 (x) = e(3−x) · (3 − x)0 − e(2x) · (2x)0 = −e(3−x) − 2e(2x) ,
1
Therefore, f 0 (1) = −3e4 , (f −1 )0 (0) = − 4 .
3e
Ans: (A).
Z √3 4
x − x3 + 2x2 + 1
Question 4. [07.4-S-FFFF] The value of dx is
√ √1 x(x2 + 1)2 √ √
√ π 3−2 √ π 3−2 √ π 3−2 √ π 3−2
(A) ln 3− + ; (B) ln 3− + ; (C) ln 3− + ; (D) ln 3− + .
24 4 12 4 24 8 12 8
Solution 4. x4 − x3 + 2x2 + 1 = (x2 + 1)2 − x3 = (x2 + 1)2 − x(x2 + 1) + x. Thus
x4 − x3 + 2x2 + 1 (x2 + 1)2 − x(x2 + 1) + x 1 1 1
2 2
= 2 2
= − 2 + 2 .
x(x + 1) x(x + 1) x x + 1 (x + 1)2
So we will separate it into three parts. Clearly,
√ √
√ 3 √ 3
Z 3
1 √ Z 3
−1 hπ πi π
dx = ln x = ln 3, and dx = − tan−1 x = (−1) · − =− .
1 x 1 1 + x2 3 4 12
x=1 x=1

To solve the third part, we apply changing of variable, set x = tan θ. Then dx = sec2 θ dθ, (tan θ1 , tan θ2 ) =
√
(1, 3) ⇔ (θ1 , θ2 ) = (π/4, π/3).
Z √3 Z π/3 Z π/3
1 sec2 θ
dx = dθ = cos2 θ dθ
1 (x2 + 1)2 2
π/4 (sec θ)
2
π/4
Z π/3 Z π/3 π/3
2 cos2 θ − 1 1 cos 2θ 1 sin(2θ) θ
= + dθ = + dθ = +
π/4 2 2 π/4 2 2 4 2 θ=π/4
√ !   √
1 3 π 1 π 3 π 1
= · + − ·1+ = + − .
4 2 6 4 8 8 24 4
√ ! √
√  π 3 π 1 √ π 3−2
Thus the value is ln 3 + − + + − = ln 3 − + .
12 8 24 4 24 8
Ans: (C).

Question 5. [06.3-S-F] The region bounded by curves y = e−x , y = 0, x = 0 and x = 1 is rotated about
the y-axis. Then the volume of the resulting solid of revolution is
π √ √

(A) (1 − e−2 ); (B) 2π(1 − 2e−1 ); (C) 2π(1 − e−1 ); (D) π 2 + ln(1 + 2) .
2
Solution 5. By shell method,
Z 1 Z 1 1
−x −x
V = 2πxf (x) dx = 2πxe dx = 2π(−x − 1)e = 2π[−2e−1 − (−1)].
0 0 x=0
Ans: (B).
R x R sin t √ 
0 0
1 + u2 du dt
Question 6. [05.3-S-FFFF] The limit lim =
x→0 tan2 x
1
(A) 0; (B) ; (C) 1; (D) Does not exist.
2
Z sin t
√
Solution 6. Let f (u) = 1 + u2 and g(t) = f (u) du. Then both f and g are continuous on R. By
0
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus,
Z x
d d p
g(t) dt = g(x) and g(t) = (sin t)0 f (sin t) = cos t 1 + sin2 t.
dx 0 dt
 SOLUTION FOR FINAL, 107-1 3

Now, by L’Hopital’s rule,

R x R sin t √ 
1 + u2 du dt
Rx
0 0 g(t) dt 2
lim 2 = lim cos x 0 2
x→0 tan x x→0 sin x
p
0
LH 2 g(x) 0
LH 1 cos x 1 + sin2 x 1 p 1
= 1 · lim = lim = · 1 + sin2 0 = .
x→0 2 sin x cos x 2 · 1 x→0 cos x 2 2
Ans: (B).

Question 7. [10.1-S-FF] Which pair of parametric equations represents the graph below?
y

1−

0.5 −

p p p p x
−1 −0.5 0 0.5 1

−0.5 −

−1 −

   
x = cos θ, x = sin(3θ), x = θ − sin θ, x = sin θ,
(A) ; (B) ; (C) ; (D) .
y = θ + sin θ y = cos(4θ) y = cos θ y = sin(2θ)

Solution 7. (A)
π π
x=0⇔θ= + nπ, n ∈ Z ⇒ y = + nπ + (−1)n 6= 0, n ∈ Z.
2 2
(B) √
nπ 4nπ −1 ± 3
x=0⇔θ= , n ∈ Z ⇒ y = cos = or 1 6= 0, n ∈ Z.
3 3 2
(C)
π π
y=0⇔θ= + nπ, n ∈ Z ⇒ y = + nπ − (−1)n 6= 0, n ∈ Z.
2 2
(D) (x, y) = (0, 0) ⇔ θ = nπ, n ∈ Z.

Extreme θ φ(θ) = (x, y) = (sin θ, sin 2θ)

π
max x 2 + 2nπ, n ∈ Z (1, 0)
min x − π2 + 2nπ, n ∈ Z (−1, 0)
√ !
π 2
max y + nπ, n ∈ Z ± ,1
4 2
√ !
π 2
min y − + nπ, n ∈ Z ± , −1
4 2

Ans: (D).

Question 8. [05.1-S-FFF] The greatest integer function [x] is a function from R to Z with x − 1 < [x] ≤ x.
Z 2
The value of [x2 ] dx is
0
8 √ √ √ √
(A) ; (B) 1; (C) 7 − 2− 3; (D) 5 − 2− 3.
3
4 ´
TÂN UI-TSIȦT

Solution 8. Notice that 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 ⇒ 0 ≤ x2 ≤ 4. Moreover, for any x ≥ 0 and n ∈ Z+ , n − 1 < x2 ≤ n ⇔

√ √
n − 1 < x ≤ n. Thus
√ √
Z 2 Z 1 Z 2 Z 3 Z 2
2 2 2
[x ] dx = [x ] dx + [x ] dx + √ [x2 ] dx + √ [x2 ] dx
0 0 1 2 3
√ √
Z 1 Z 2 Z 3 Z 2
= 0 dx + 1 dx + √ 2 dx + √ 3 dx
0 1 2 3
√ √ √ √ √ √
= 0 + ( 2 − 1) + 2( 3 − 2) + 3(2 − 3) = 5 − 2 − 3.

Ans: (D).
Z x
Question 9. [05.3-S-FF] Let f be a continuous function on R satisfying f (x) = x−5 1 − cos(t2 ) dt


0
for x 6= 0. Then f (0) equals
1 1 1 1
(A) ; (B) ; (C) ; (D) .
2 5 10 20
Solution 9. Since f is continuous at 0, lim f (x) = f (0). By L’Hopital’s rule and Fundamental Theorem of
x→0
Calculus,
Rx
1 − cos(t2 ) dt l0 H
0 1 − cos(x2 )
lim f (x) = lim 5
= lim
x→0 x→0 x x→0 5x4
2
1 − 1 − 2 sin2 (x2 /2)


sin(x2 /2)

2
= lim = lim
x→0 5x4 5 x→0 x2
2 2
1 sin(x2 /2) x2
   
2 2 1 sin θ
= lim = lim Let θ = .
5 x→0 2 x2 /2 5 x→0 2 θ 2
 2
2 1 1
= · ·1 = .
5 2 10
Ans: (C).

Question 10. [06.2-S-FF] The base of a solid S is the region enclosed by curves y = sec x, y = tan x,
x = 0 and x = π/4. The cross-sections perpendicular to the x-axis are squares. Then the volume of S is
√ √ √ √
(A) 4 − 2 2 − π/2; (B) 4 − 2 − π/2; (C) 4 − 2 2 − π/4; (D) 4 − 2 − π/4.

Solution 10. The length of edge of square at x = α is sec α − tan α. So the volume of S is
Z π/4 Z π/4
V = (sec x − tan x)2 dx = sec2 x + tan2 x − 2 sec x tan x dx
0 0
π/4
Z π/4
2
= (2 sec x − 1) − 2 sec x tan x dx = 2 tan x − 2 sec x − x
0
x=0
 π √ √ π
= 2−2 2− − (0 − 2 − 0) = 4 − 2 2 − .
4 4
Ans: (C).

Question 11. [05.2-M-F] Which of the following statements are true?

(A) If both lim f (x) = ∞ and lim g(x) = ∞ hold, then it follows that lim (f (x) − g(x)) = 0.
x→0 x→0 x→0
(B) The equation x10 − 10x2 + 8 = 0 has a root in (0, 10).
(C) If |f | is integrable on [0, 1], then so is f .
(D) Every continuous function defined on R has at most two horizontal asymptotes.
 SOLUTION FOR FINAL, 107-1 5

Solution 11. (A) For any c ∈ R, set g(x) = f (x) − c near 0 and lim f (x) = ∞. Then lim (f (x) − g(x)) =
x→0 x→0
lim c = c.
x→0
(B) Let f (x) = x10 − 10x2 + 8. Then f (0)f (1) = 8 · (−1) < 0. By Intermediate Value Theorem, f (c) = 0
for some c ∈ (0, 1). 
 1, if x ∈ Q,
(C) Set f : [0, 1] → R such that f (x) = Then f is non-integrable on [0, 1] (since the
−1, if x ∈ / Q.
R1 R1
Riemann sum diverges), but 0 |f (x)| dx = 0 1 dx = (1 − 0) · 1 = 1.
(D) y = c is a horizontal asymptote of f if and only if lim f (x) = c or lim f (x) = c.
x→∞ x→−∞
Ans: (B)(D).

Question 12. [04.5-M-FFF] The figure below shows graphs of f , f 0 and f 00 . Which of the following
statements are true?
y
Curve A
6−

4− (5, 3)
•
 
9
4,
2− 8
• Curve B

p p p p p p p p p p p p px
−1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
 •  Curve C
−2 − 9
6, −
8
−4 −

−6 −

(A) The curve B represents the graph of f .

(B) f attains a local maximum at x = 5. (C) f is concave upward on (0, 5).
(D) The largest slope of the graph of f on [0, 10] is happened at x = 5.

Solution 12. Suppose that g and h are corresponding to the curve B and C, respectively. Then h has local
extreme values at x = 4 and x = 6, h0 (4) = h0 (6) = 0, h0 is not corresponding to any curve in the figure. g
has two inflection points, so g 00 has two zeros, which is also not corresponding to any curve in the figure. In
summary,

Function f f0 f 00
Curve A B C

√
 
−1 x−5
In fact, f (x) = 3 3 tan √ .
3
Ans: (C)(D).

Question 13. [07.8-M-FFF] Which ones are convergent? r

Z ∞ Z 1/2 Z 1 Z 1 √
1 1 3 sin x sin x
(A) 3
dx; (B) 2 4
dx; (C) dx; (D) dx.
2 x(ln x) 0 x (ln x) −1 x2 0 x
6 ´
TÂN UI-TSIȦT

Solution 13. (A)

Z ∞ ∞   
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
dx = − = − − = .
2 x(ln x)3 2 (ln x)2 x=2 2 ∞2 (ln 2)2 2(ln 2)2
(B) Since
(ln x)4 L0 H 4(ln x)3 /x
lim+ x(ln x)4 = lim+ = lim+ = lim+ (−4)x(ln x)3 = . . . = lim+ 24x = 0.
x→0 x→0 1/x x→0 −1/x2 x→0 x→0

1
For some δ > 0, x(ln x)4 < 1, > x while 0 < x < δ. Thus
(ln x)4
1 x 1
0<x<δ⇒ > 2 = > 0,
x2 (ln x)4 x x
Z δ 
δ

1
dx = lim ln x = lim ln δ − ln t = +∞.
0 x t→0+ x=t t→0+

By Comparison test, the improper integral diverges.

(C)
r
3 sin x 1
0≤ ≤ and
x2 |x|2/3
Z 1 Z 1 1
1 1
2/3
dx = 2 2/3
dx = 6x1/3 = 6.
−1 |x| 0 x x=0

By Comparison test, the improper integral converges.

(D)
√ π √ √
0 ≤ x ≤ 1 ⇒ 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 ≤ ⇒ 0 ≤ sin x ≤ x.
2
So
√ √ Z 1 1
sin x x 1 √
0≤ ≤ , and √ dx = 2 x = 2.
x x 0 x x=0
By Comparison test, the improper integral converges.
Ans: (A)(C)(D).

Question 14. [04.1-M-FFF] Which of the following statements are true?

(A) If f is differentiable and increasing on R, then f (x) > 0 for all x ∈ R.
(B) If f (x) has a critical point at x = c, then f 0 (c) = 0.
(C) If f (t) is differentiable on (0, ∞) and has a limit as t → ∞, then lim f 0 (t) = 0.
t→∞
(D) A continuous function on [a, b] attains its absolute maximum.

Solution 14. (A) Clearly, f (x) = x is strictly increasing and differentiable on R, but f (−1) = −1 < 0.
(B) f (x) = |x| has a critical point at x = 0 since f is not differentiable at x = 0. Notice that
f (0 + h) − f (0) f (0 + h) − f (0)
lim = 1 6= lim = −1.
h→0+ h h→0− h
sin(t2 ) 1 1
(C) For f (t) = , t > 0, we see that |f (t)| ≤ and lim = 0, so lim f (t) = 0 by Pinching
t t t→∞ t t→∞
Theorem. Now,
2t cos(t2 ) · t − sin(t2 )
f 0 (t) = ,
t2
√ √
lim 2nπ = ∞ and lim f 0 ( 2nπ) = lim 2 cos(2nπ) = 2 6= 0;
n→∞ n→∞ n→∞
r r 
π π −1
lim 2nπ + = ∞ and lim f 0 2nπ + = lim = 0.
n→∞ 2 n→∞ 2 n→∞ 2nπ + π/2
 SOLUTION FOR FINAL, 107-1 7

Thus lim f 0 (t) does not exist.

t→∞
(D) Golden Extreme Value Theorem.
Ans: (D).

Question 15. [03.3-M-FF] Consider the function


x cos x, if x is rational,
f (x) =
 sin x, if x is irrational.

Which of the following statements are true?

(A) f (x) is continuous at x = 0. (B) f (x) is differentiable at x = 0.
(C) f (x) is continuous at infinite many points. (D) f (x) is differentiable at infinite many points.

Solution 15. (A) Notice that | sin x| ≤ |x| for all x ∈ R. Hence |f (x)| ≤ |x| for all x ∈ R. lim |x| = |0| = 0.
x→0
Thus lim f (x) = 0 = f (0) by Squeeze Theorem.
x→0
(B) 
f (x) − f (0) | cos x − 1|,
 x ∈ Q,
−1 = sin x
x−0  −1 , x∈
/ Q.
x


f (x) − f (0)
So lim − 1 = 0, f 0 (0) = 1.
x→0 x−0
(C) Suppose that f is continuous at α ∈ R. For any {qn }∞ ∞
n=1 ⊆ R\Q and {rn }n=1 ⊆ Q such that
lim qn = lim rn = α, we see that lim f (qn ) = lim f (rn ) = f (α). Thus
n→∞ n→∞ n→∞ n→∞

 lim rn cos rn = α cos α = f (α),
n→∞
 lim sin qn = sin α = f (α).
n→∞
 π
Therefore, α cos α = sin α. Let g(x) = x cos x − sin x. Then for any k ∈ Z, g 2kπ − = 1 >
2
 π
0 > g 2kπ + = −1. Clearly, g is continuous on R. By Intermediate Value Theorem, there are
2
 π π
ck ∈ 2kπ − , 2kπ + such that g(ck ) = 0. For any {xn }∞
n=1 ⊆ R such that lim xn = ck , lim g(xn ) =
2 2 n→∞ n→∞
g(ck ) = 0. Thus


 lim xn cos xn = ck cos ck ,
n→∞

lim sin xn = sin ck ,

 n→∞

c cos c = sin c = f (c ).
k k k k

Hence, lim f (xn ) = f (ck ), f is continuous at ck for every k ∈ Z.

n→∞
(D) Let f be differentiable at α. Then f is continuous α. Let {qn }∞ ∞
n=1 ⊆ R\Q and {rn }n=1 ⊆ Q such
that lim qn = lim rn = α. we see that
n→∞ n→∞

 lim f (qn ) = lim sin qn = sin α;
n→∞ n→∞
f (α) =
 lim f (rn ) = lim rn cos rn = α cos α.
n→∞ n→∞

Now,

f (qn ) − f (α) sin qn − sin α
lim = lim = (sin x)0 = cos α,


qn − α qn − α
n→∞ n→∞
f 0 (α) = x=α
f (rn ) − f (α) rn cos rn − α cos α
 lim = lim = (x cos x)0 = cos α − α sin α.


n→∞ rn − α n→∞ rn − α x=α
8 ´
TÂN UI-TSIȦT


sin α = α cos α,
So α = 0.
cos α = cos α − α sin α.
Ans: (A)(B)(C).

Question 16. [08.1-S-F] The length of the parametric curve x = cos θ, y = θ + sin θ, θ ∈ [0, π] is
√ √
(A) 2; (B) 4; (C) 2; (D) 2 2.

Solution 16. The length =

√
Z πp Z πp Z π
0 2 0 2
(x (θ)) + (y (θ)) dθ = 2 2
(− sin θ) + (1 + cos θ) dθ = 2 + 2 cos θ dθ
0 0 0
s
Z π     Z π π
2
θ θ θ
= 2 + 2 2 cos − 1 dθ = 2 cos dθ = 4 sin = 4.
0 2 0 2 2 θ=0
Ans: (B).

Question 17. [03.5-S-F] The equation of the tangent line to the curve y sin(2x) = x cos(2y) at the point
(π/2, π/4)
 is y = mx +b. Then (m, b)=   
1 π 3π 1 π 1
(A) , 0 ; (B) 0, ; (C) −1, ; (D) , − .
2 4 4 π 4 2
Solution 17. By Implicit Differentiation,

y 0 sin(2x) + y · 2 cos(2x) = cos(2y) + x · y 0 · (−2) sin(2y),

cos(2y) − 2y cos(2x)
y0 = if sin(2x) + 2x sin(2y) 6= 0.
sin(2x) + 2x sin(2y)
So
π cos(2y) − 2y cos(2x) 1
m = y0 = = ,
2 sin(2x) + 2x sin(2y) (x,y)=(π/2,π/4) 2
b = y − mx|(x,y)=(π/2,π/4) = 0.

Ans: (A).

Question 18. [03.2-S-FFFFF] Let f (x) and g(x) be polynomials of the third degree, and f (x) − g(x) =
x3 + ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, c are real numbers. Assume that f (x) and g(x) are tangent to each other at
x = 1. Moreover, f (x) and g(x) only intersect at x = 1. Then (a, b, c) =
(A) (−3, 3, −1); (B) (3, 3, 1); (C) (1, −1, −1); (D) −1, −1, 1.

Solution 18. Since f (x) = g(x) if and only if x = 1, f (x) − g(x) = (x − 1)p(x) for some quadratic poly-
nomial p. Moreover, f (x) and g(x) are tangent to each other at x = 1, so f 0 (1) = g 0 (1), f 0 (1) − g 0 (1) =
p(x) + (x − 1)p0 (x)|x=1 = p(1) = 0. Thus p(x) = (x − 1)(x − c). But f (x) − g(x) = (x − 1)2 (x − c) = 0 has
only one root x = 1. Hence c = 1, f (x) − g(x) = (x − 1)3 =3 −3x2 + 3x − 1.
Ans: (A).
|6x − 1| − |6x + 1|
Question 19. [02.3-S-F] The limit lim =
x→0 x
(A) Dose not exist; (B) 12; (C) −12; (D) 6.
1 1
Solution 19. Notice that 6x − 1 > 0 if and only if x > and 6x + 1 > 0 if and only if x > − . Thus
6 6
|6x − 1| − |6x + 1| (1 − 6x) − (6x + 1) −12x
lim = lim = lim = −12.
x→0 x x→0 x x→0 x
Ans: (C).
 SOLUTION FOR FINAL, 107-1 9

Question 20. [06.1-S-F] The line y = mx cuts the region bounded above by the curve y = x(1 − x) and
below by the x-axis into two parts. Then, the areas of the two parts are equal when m is
1 1 1 1 1 1
(A) ; (B) 1 − √ 3
; (C) + √ ; (D) − √ .
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Solution 20. Suppose that y = mx and y = x(1 − x) intersects at (α, β) mα = α(1 − α) = β, α = 0 or 1 − m.
Thus the area of one part is
Z 1−m
1 1
Z
[x(1 − x) − mx] dx = x(1 − x) dx
0 2 0
! !
1−m 1
1 3 1−m 2 1 1 3 1 2
⇒ − x + x = − x + x
3 2 x=0 2 3 2 x=0
1 1 1 1
⇒ (1 − m)3 = · ⇒ m=1− √
3
.
6 2 6 2
Ans: (B).

Future Gadget Laboratory, Department of Applied Mathematics, Science Building A, Guangfu Campus, Na-
tional Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu city, 30010, Taiwan
 《一百零六學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 B 2 C 3 B 4 B 5 A 閱
複
6 C 7 C 8 B 9 B 10 B 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
11 CD 12 AC 13 BD 14 AC 15 BD 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題

初
1 2 1 3 2 閱
評
1 複 分
4 5 2 閱
8
 ~ömxt¦, x®MfLÃsã
1. By implicit differentiation,
d dy dy
x3 + y 3 − 9xy = 3x2 + 3y 2


− 9y − 9x = 0,
dx dx dx
dy x2 − 3y 4
= 2
= .
dx (x,y)=(2,4) 3x − y (x,y)=(2,4) 5
Ans: B

2. y = 1 − cos θ = 0 ⇔ θ = 0, 2π ⇔ x = θ − sin θ = 0, 2π. So the volume V =

Z Z 2π Z 2π
2 2 0
πy dx = π(y(t)) x (t) dt = π (y(t))3 dt
0 0
Z 2π Z 2π
=π (1 − cos t)3 dt = π 1 − 3 cos t + 3 cos2 t − cos3 t dt.
0 0

By Lemma C.R.7,
Z 2π Z 2π
2 cos(2t) + 1
V =π 1 + 3 cos t dt = π 1+3· dt
0 0 2
Z 2π  
3 5
=π 1+ dt = π · 2π · = 5π 2 .
0 2 2

[In-depth Coverage]
Here is Lemma C.R.7 (Cosine Ruduction):
For nonzero integer k and odd positive integer n,
Z 2π
I := (cos(kθ))n dθ = 0.
0

[Proof]
  
2π
Notice that cos(kθ) = cos k θ + for all θ ∈ R, so
k
k Z j 2π k Z 2π
X k X k
n
I= (cos(kθ)) dθ = (cos(kθ))n dθ
j=1 (j−1) 2π
k j=1 0
2π
Z
k
Z 2π
n
= (cos(kθ)) k dθ = (cos t)n dt (t := kθ, dt = k dθ.)
0 0
Z 2π   Z 3π/2
π n π
= sin −t dt = (sin(−u))n du (−u := − t, du = dt.)
0 2 −π/2 2
Z π
= (−1)n sinn t dt. (sin θ = sin(θ + 2π) ∀ θ ∈ R.)
−π

1
 Since sin t is an odd function, (sin t)n is also (remember that n is an odd number). Hence
Z π
I= (−1)n sinn t dt = 0.
−π

Ans: C

dy p
3. By Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, = cos(2x). The length of the curve is
dx
Z π/4 p Z π/4 p
L= 0 2
1 + (y ) dx = 1 + cos(2x) dx
0 0
Z π/4 p Z π/4 √
= 2
1 + (2 cos x − 1) dx = 2 cos x dx
0 0
√
√ π/4 √ 2
= 2 sin x = 2· = 1.
x=0 2
Ans: B

4.
dy y 0 (t) 4 cos(4t)
= 0 = =0
dx x (t) −2 sin(2t)
( ( π
cos(4t) = 0, 4t = + mπ, m ∈ Z,
⇔ ⇔ 2
sin(2t) 6= 0 2t 6= nπ, n ∈ Z
√ !
π mπ 2
⇔ t= + , m ∈ Z ⇔ (x(t), y(t)) = ± , ±1 .
8 4 2

Ans: B

5. Clearly, f is differentiable on R − {1}. Now, f is differentiable at x = 1 if and only if

(
limx→1− f (x) = limx→1+ f (x) (f must be continuous at x = 1)
f−0 (1) = f+0 (1)


 ax3 |x=1 = x2 + b|x=1
ax3 − a


 f (x) − f (1)
⇔ limx→1 − = limx→1− = 3a
x−1 x−1
f (x) − f (1) x2 + b − (1 + b)



 = limx→1+
 = limx→1− =2
( x − 1 x − 1
 
a = 1 + b, 2 1
⇔ ⇔ (a, b) = ,− .
3a = 2 3 3

Ans: A

2
 Rx
6. Let F (x) = 0 sin (t2 ) cos t dt. By Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, F 0 (x) = sin (x2 ) cos x.
ô
Apply L’H pital’s Rule,
Z √
x √
−3/2 2

F ( x)
lim x sin t cos t dt = lim+ 3/2
x→0+ 0 x→0 x
0
√ 1 −1/2 √
F ( x) · 2 x 1 sin x cos( x)
= lim+ 3 1/2 = lim+
x→0 x x→0 3 x
2
1 √ 1
= · 1 · cos( 0) = .
3 3
Ans: C

7. First, notice that 0 ≤ |2−x sin(πx)| ≤ 2−x and

Z ∞ ∞
1 1
2−x dx = 2−x = .
0 − ln 2 x=0 ln 2
R∞
By comparison test, 0 2−x sin(πx) dx converges.
Now, for any integer k,
Z k Z k
−x
2 sin(πx) dx = 2−x (−1)k−1 sin[πx − (k − 1)π] dx
k−1 k−1
Z k
= (−1)k−1 2−x sin{π[x − (k − 1)]} dx
k−1
Z 1
= (−1)k−1 2−[t+(k−1)] sin πt dt (shifting/changing of variable)
0
 k−1
k−1 −(k−1) 1
= (−1) 2 α= − α.
2

Hence
Z ∞ Z n
−x
2 sin πx dx = lim 2−x sin πx dx
0 n→∞ 0
n
XZ k n  k−1
−x
X 1
= lim 2 sin πx dx = lim − α
n→∞
k=1 k−1 n→∞
k=1
2
1 · [1 − (−1/2)n ] 2
= lim α · = α.
n→∞ 1 − (−1/2) 3
Ans: C

 
x 1 x ln x − x + 1
8. L := limx→1 − = limx→1 . Since
x − 1 ln x (x − 1) ln x
(
limx→1 (x ln x − x + 1) = 1 · ln 1 − 1 + 1 = 0,
limx→1 (x − 1) ln x = (1 − 1) · ln 1 = 0.

3
 By L’H ôpital’s rule,
ln x + x · (1/x) − 1 x ln x
L = lim = lim
x→1 ln x + (x − 1) · (1/x) x→1 x ln x + x − 1

ln x + 1 ln 1 + 1 1
= lim = = .
x→1 ln x + 1 + 1 ln 1 + 1 + 1 2
Ans: B

9. Set

Pn 1

 I = limn→∞ i=1 p ,
n + (i − 1)i




 Pn 1
I+ = limn→∞ i=1 p ,

 n + (i − 1)2

 Pn 1
I− = limn→∞ √ .


i=1
n + i2
Then I− ≤ I ≤ I+ . Moreover,
n
X 1
I+ = lim q
n→∞ (i−1)2
i=1 n+n n2
n n Z 1
X 1 1 X 1 1 dx
= lim q = lim i−1 = .
n→∞ n (i−1)2 n→∞ n 1 + 0 1 + x
i=1 1+ n2
i=1 n

R 1 dx
Similarly, I− = 0
. Hence
1+x
Z 1
dx
I = I+ = I− = = ln(1 + x)|1x=0 = ln 2.
0 1+x
Ans: B

10. Let f (x) = 5x + 3 sin x + 9. Then f 0 (x) = 5 + 3 cos x ∈ [5 − 3, 5 + 3] for all real x. So
f 0 (x) > 0 for all real x, f is strictly increasing on the real line. That is, f has at most
one root.
Now,
(
f (−3) ≤ 5 · (−3) + 3 · 1 + 9 = −3 < 0,
f (−1) ≥ 5 · (−1) + 3 · (−1) + 9 = 1 > 0.

By Intermediate Value Theorem, there is a real number c between −3 and 1 such that
f (c) = 0.
Ans: B

4
11. From integration by parts, we have that
Z 1 Z 1
0 1
I := xf (1 − x) dx = x · [−f (1 − x)]|x=0 − −f (1 − x) dx
0 0
Z 1
= −f (0) + f (1 − x) dx.
0

Now, by changing of variable, set t = 1 − x, then dt = −dx, and

Z 0
I = −f (0) + f (t) · (−1) dt
1
Z 1
= −f (0) + f (t) dt = −f (0) = f (−0) = 0.
0

Ans: CD

12.
Z x
dt
(A) Let F (x) = ∀ x ∈ R. Clearly, F (x) and x2 are both continuous on R, f (x) =
0 1 + t4
F (x2 ) is also.

(B) For any δ ∈ [−1, 1]\{0},

δ2 δ2
δ2
Z Z
dt dt
f (δ) = =≥ = > 0 = f (0).
0 1 + t4 0 1 + 14 2

So f (0) = 0 is a local minima.

(C)
2x
f 0 (x) = (x2 )0 F 0 (x2 ) = ,
1 + (x2 )4
2 · (1 + x8 ) − 2x · 8x7 2
f 00 (x) = 8 2
= (1 − 7x8 ).
(1 + x ) (1 + x8 )2
So (
f 00 (x) > 0 ⇔ 1 − 7x8 > 0 ⇔ x ∈ [−c, c],
f 00 (x) < 0 ⇔ x ∈ (−∞, −c) ∪ (c, ∞)
where c = 7−1/8 . Hence f is concave up on [−c, c], and f is concave down on (−∞, −c] ∪
[c, ∞).

(D) From (C), we know that f has two inflection points (±c, f (c)).
Ans: AC

13.

(A) Let f (x) = x2 and g(x) = 2x2 .

Then 0 < f (x) < g(x) ∀ x 6= 0. But L = 02 = 0 = 2 · 02 = M . (In fact, L ≤ M .)

5
(B) Since 0 ≤ ||f (x)| − |L|| ≤ |f (x) − L| and limx→0 f (x) − L = L − L = 0, by squeeze
theorem, limx→0 |f (x)| − |L| = 0, limx→0 |f (x)| = |L|.
(
1 if x = 0,
(C) Let f (x) = 0 ∀ x ∈ R, and g(x) =
0 if x 6= 0.
Then L = limx→0 0 = 0.

lim g (f (x)) = lim g (0) = lim 1 = 1,

x→0 x→0 x→0

M = lim g(x) = lim 0 = 0 6= 1.

x→0 x→0

(D)
L = lim f (x) = lim g(x) = M.
x→0 x→0
Ans: BD

14.

(A) The surface area S =

Z Z p Z π √
2πy dS = 2πy 1+ (y 0 )2 dx = 2π sin x 1 + cos2 x dx.
0
√
(B) Let f (x) = cos x 1 + sin2 x. Since
(
sin(π − x) = sin x,
cos(π − x) = − cos x

Thus f (π − x) = −f (x),
Z π p
I := 2π cos x 1 + sin2 x dx
0
!
Z π/2 Z π
= 2π f (x) dx + f (x) dx
0 π/2
!
Z π/2 Z π
= 2π f (x) dx + −f (π − x) dx
0 π/2
!
Z π/2 Z 0
= 2π f (x) dx + f (x) dx = 0.
0 π/2

But the surface area should be positive.

(C) The surface area S =

Z Z p Z π √
2πy dS = 0 2
2πy 1 + (y ) dx = 2π sin x 1 + cos2 x dx.
0

Let tan θ = cos x, then sec2 θ dθ = (− sin x) dx,

6
 π π
(tan θ` , tan θu ) = (cos 0, cos π) = (1, −1) ⇒ (θ` , θu ) = ,− .
4 4
By changing of variable,
Z −π/4 p Z π/4
2
S = 2π 2
1 + tan θ(− sec θ) dθ = 2π · 2 sec3 θ dθ
π/4 0
p
( 1 + tan2 θ(sec2 θ) = sec3 θ is an even function.)
!
π/4
1 1
= 2π · 2 sec θ tan θ + ln | sec θ + tan θ|
2 2 θ=0
√ √ 
= 2π 2 + ln( 2 + 1) .

(D) See (C).

Ans: AC

15.
π
(A) For f (x) = arctan x, f 0 (x) = 1/(1 + x2 ) ∈ (0, 1] ∀ x ∈ R, limx→∞ f (x) = .
2
(B) Let f 0 (0) = m > 0. Since f 00 (x) > 0 ∀ x ∈ R, f 0 is strictly increasing on R, f 0 (p) >
f 0 (0) = m > 0 for all p > 0.
Now for x > 0, by mean value theorem, there is a cx ∈ (0, x) such that

f (x) − f (0) = f 0 (cx )(x − 0), f 0 (cx ) > f 0 (0) = m > 0.

So

lim f (x) = lim f 0 (cx ) · x + f (0) ≥ lim mx + f (0) = ∞.

x→∞ x→∞ x→∞

(C) Let f (x) = −e−x . Then f 0 (x) = e−x > 0, f 00 (x) = −e−x < 0. limx→∞ f (x) = −0 = 0.
(D) Let f 0 (0) = m > 0. Since f 00 (x) < 0 ∀ x ∈ R, f 0 is strictly decreasing on R, f 0 (d) >
f 0 (0) = m > 0 for all d < 0.
Now for x < 0, by mean value theorem, there is a cx ∈ (x, 0) such that

f (x) − f (0) = f 0 (cx )(x − 0), f 0 (cx ) > f 0 (0) = m > 0.

So

lim f (x) = lim f 0 (cx ) · x + f (0) ≤ lim mx + f (0) = −∞.

x→−∞ x→−∞ x→−∞

Thus for all M ∈ R, there must exists a real number xM such that f (xM ) < M .

Ans: BD

7
 R √x √ 2 √ √
16. Notice that f (x) = 0 e( xt) x dt. Set u = xt.
√ Rx 2
Then du = x dt. By changing of variable, f (x) = 0 eu du.
2
By fundamental theorem of calculus, f 0 (x) = ex .

2
Ans: ex

17.
f (x) 1
lim = lim 1 + sin = 1 + sin 0 = 1.
x→±∞ x x→±∞ x
Now,

1 sin(1/x)
lim f (x) − 1 · x = lim x sin = lim
x→±∞ x→±∞ x x→±∞ 1/x
sin t 1 1
= lim (t := , lim = lim t = 0) = 1.
t→0 t x x→±∞ x t→0
So y = 1 · x + 1 = x + 1 is the slant asymptote.

Ans: y =x+1

( ( √
x = y2 + 3 y = x−3
18. ⇔ .
y ≥0 x ≥3

x = y 2 + 3
√
To find the point of intersection, ⇔ (x, y) = (4, 1).
y = x
2
The area =
Z 4√
√
Z 4
x
dx − x − 3 dx
0 2 3
! !
4 4
1 3/2 2
= x − (x − 3)3/2
3 x=0 3 x=3
8 2
= − = 2.
3 3

Ans: 2

19.

0 2(x2 + 3)2 − 2x · 2(x2 + 3) · 2x

f (x) =
(x2 + 3)2
x2 − 1
= (−6) · 2 = 0 ⇔ x = ±1.
x +3

8
 1
Thus min f (x) = min{f (±1)} = − .
x∈R 8
1
Ans: −
8

20. Let

x a (2 − a)x2 + x − a
f (x) = − = .
x2 + 1 2x + 1 (x2 + 1)(2x + 1)
Case I: 2 − a > 0.
For x ≥ 2 > a,

(2 − a)x2 + x − a (2 − a)x2 2−a1

f (x) > 2 2
> 3
= > 0.
(x + x )(2x + x) 6x 6 x
R∞ 1
R∞
Since 2 x
dx diverges, by comparison test, 2 f (x) dx diverges.
Case II: 2 − a < 0.
 
2 a−2
For x > 1 with x > > 0, x > 1, and thus
a−2 2
(a − 2)x2 − x + a
−f (x) >
(x2 + x2 )(2x + x)
    
1 a−2 2 a−2
> 3 x +x x−1
6x 2 2
 
1 a−2 a−21
> 3· x2 =
> 0.
6x 2 12 x
R∞ R∞
Similar to the case that 2 − a > 0, 1 −f (x) dx diverges, 0 f (x) dx diverges.
Case III: a = 2.
For x > a,

x−a x 1
0 < f (x) = < 2 = 2.
(x2 + 1)(2x + 1) x · (2x) 2x
R∞ 1 1 R∞ R∞
Since a 2
dx = , by comparison test, a f (x) dx converges, 0 f (x) dx converges.
2x 2a

Ans: 2

9
 《一百零五學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 B 2 D 3 A 4 B 5 C 閱
複
6 A 7 C 8 C 9 C 10 B 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
11 AB 12 ACD 13 BCD 14 BCD 15 BD 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題

9 初
1 0 2 3 閱
2 評
複 分
4 2 5 1 閱
 一百零五學年度第一學期微積分會考試題解答 (A 卷)
林峻緯

December 10, 2017

1−x
1. f (x) = x − 1 − , so
x(x + 1)
( )
1 1
lim f (x) = 0 − 1 − · lim = −∞,
x→0+ 1 x→0+ x

and ( ) ( )
2 1
lim f (x) = −∞ = −1 − 1 − · lim − = −∞.
x→−1− −1 x→−1 x+1
1−x
The vertical asymptotes are x = 0, x = −1. Since limx→±∞ = 0, the slant asymptote is
x(x + 1)
y = x − 1 and there is no horizontal asymptote.
(Actually, limx→0− f (x) = limx→−1+ f (x) = ∞.)
Ans: (B).
[g ′ (h(x))h′ (x)] h(x) − g(h(x))h′ (x)
2. f ′ (x) = , so
(h(x))2

g ′ (h(6))h′ (6)h(6) − g(h(6))h′ (6) g ′ (3) · (−2) · 3 − g(3) · (−2) −42 + 6

f ′ (6) = 2
= = = −4.
(h(6)) 32 9
Ans: (D).

3. Let g(x) = x3 − 4x + 1, then f (x) = ln |g(x)|, by chain rule, we have

g ′ (x) 3x2 − 4
f ′ (x) = = 3 .
g(x) x − 4x + 1
Ans: (A).

4. Notice that ( )x ( ( ))
1 2 1 2
1− − 2 = exp x ln 1 − − 2 .
x x x x
Let u = 1/x, then
( )
1 2 ln (1 − u − 2u2 )
lim x ln 1 − − 2 = lim+
x→∞ x x u→0 u
−1 − 4u
= lim+ (L’Hopital rule of type 0/0)
u→0 1 − u − u2

= −1.
( )x
1 2
Hence lim 1 − − 2 = exp(−1).
x→∞ x x
Ans: (B).

1
5. f ′′ (x) = 6 · 5x4 − 15 · 2 = 30x4 − 30 = 30 (x2 + 1) (x2 − 1) = 30 (x2 + 1) (x + 1)(x − 1) = 0, then
x = ±1. Because f ′′ (x) > 0 for x < −1 or x > 1, on the other hand, f ′′ (x) < 0 for −1 < x < 1.
Hence the inflection points of f are (1, f (1)) and (−1, f (−1)).
Ans: (C).

6. Let u = ex , then du = ex dx, hence

∫ ∫ √
(ln 3)/2
x
√ 3 √
e 1+ e2x dx = 1 + u2 du
0 1
√
( √ ( √ )) 3
u 1 + u2 ln u + 1 + u2
= +
2 2
[ ( √ )] u=1
1 √ √ 2+ 3
= 2 3 − 2 + ln √ .
2 1+ 2
Ans: (A).

7. The volume of resulting solid is

∫ ∞ ( )2 ( π) ∞
1
π dx = − = π < ∞,
1 x x u=1

and its surface area is

√ √
∫ ∞ [( )′ ]2 ∫ ∞
1 1 1 1
2π · 1+ dx = 2π · 1 + 4 dx.
1 x x 1 x x

Since √
∫ ∞ [( )′ ]2 ∫ ∞
1 1 1
2π · 1+ dx > 2π · dx = ∞,
1 x x 1 x
we conclude that the volume is finite, and the surface area is infinite.
Ans: (C).

8.
∫ 2π ∫ 2π
π(1 − cos x) dx = 2
π(1 + cos2 x − 2 cos x) dx
0 0
∫ 2π ( ) 2π
cos(2x) + 1 3x sin(2x)
= π(1 + − 2 cos x) dx = π + − 2 sin x = 3π 2 .
0 2 2 4 0

Ans: (C).

9. x′ (t) = −3 sin t + 3 sin(3t), y ′ (t) = 3 cos t − 3 cos(3t), so

(x′ (t))2 +(y ′ (t))2 = 18−18 sin t sin(3t)−18 cos t cos(3t) = 18−18 cos(2t) = 18−18(1−2 sin2 t) = 36 sin2 t.

The length is
∫ π √ ∫ π
π
(x′ (t))2 + (y ′ (t))2 dt = 6 |sin t| dt = −6 cos x |0 = 6 − (−6) = 12.
0 0

Ans: (C).

2
10. ∫ ∫
1 t
V (t) = 2πx ln(x + 1) dx + 2πx(ln(x + 1) − ln x) dx,
0 1

then by Fundamental theorem of calculus,

( )
′ 1
V (t) = 2πt (ln(t + 1) − ln t) = 2πt ln 1 + .
t

Substitute u = 1/t, we find the limit by l’Hôpital’s Rule,

ln(1 + u) 1
lim V ′ (t) = lim+ 2π = lim+ 2π = 2π.
t→∞ u→0 u u→0 1+u
Ans: (B).
a(x2 + b2 ) − 2ax2
11. f ′ (x) = . Because f has a local minimum at x = −2,
(x2 + b2 )2

a((−2)2 + b2 ) − 2a(−2)2 4a + ab2 − 8a

f ′ (−2) = 2 2 2
= = 0, ab2 − 4a = 0,
((−2) + b ) (4 + b2 )2

ab2 a
and f ′ (0) = = 2 = 1. It implies a = 4, b = ±2.
b4 b
Ans: (A)(B).

12. First, for x ̸= 0, 9,

2 −1/3 1
f ′ (x) = x (9 − x)1/3 − x2/3 (9 − x)−2/3
3 3
1 −1/3 −2/3
= x (9 − x) (2(9 − x) − x)
3
1
= x−1/3 (9 − x)−2/3 (18 − 3x).
3
It is obvious that f ′ (x) > 0 on (0, 6) and f ′ (x) < 0 on (−∞, 0) ∪ (6, 9) ∪ (9, ∞), critical number are
x = 0, 6, 9. By information, f has local maximum at x = 6 and local minimum at x = 0.
Ans: (A)(C)(D).
sin x
13. (A) lim = 1 ̸= f (0), so f is not continuous at 0.
x→0 x
(B) sin x and x are differentiable function and not equal to 0 on (0, 1), so f is a differentiable function
on (0, 1).
(C)(D) Since f and f ◦ f are continuous on (0, 1], and f and f ◦ f are bounded on [0, 1], thus both
f and f ◦ f are integrable on [a, b].
Ans: (B)(C)(D).

14. (A) x3 − x = sin(πx) implies x = 0, 1.

∫ 1
(B) For x ∈ (0, 1), sin(πx) > 0 > x − x, so the area of R is
3
sin(πx) − (x3 − x) dx.
0
(C) Let A(t) is the area of equilateral triangle at x = t, then A(t) = (sin(πt) − t3 + t)2 · 43 . Hence
∫1
the volume is 0 A(t)dt.
(D) Use shell method to compute the volume. The radius of cylinder is (x − (−1)) = x + 1, and the
∫ 1
height of cylinder is sin(πx) − x3 + x, so the volume is 2π(x + 1)(sin(πx) − x3 + x) dx.
0
Ans: (B)(C)(D).

3
15. By Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, f ′ (x) = (x2 − 4x + 3)e−x .
(A)(B) f ′ (x) = (x − 3)(x − 1)e−x , f ′ (x) > 0 if and only if (x − 3)(x − 1) > 0, if and only if x > 3 or
x < 1. So f is increasing on x > 3 or x < 1.
(C)(D) f ′ (x) ≤ 0 on [1, 3] and f (1) = 0, so f (3) < 0.
Ans: (B)(D).

1. Use 2017 times l’Hôpital’s Rule (all limits are of type (∞/∞)), we have

x2017 2017! 2017!

lim = lim x = = 0.
x→∞ 2 x x→∞ 2 (ln 2)2017 ∞
Ans: 0.

2. Take implict differentiation, we have 2x + 2yy ′ = 2(2x2 + 2y 2 − x)(4x + 4yy ′ − 1). Substitute
(x, y) = (0, 1/2), then we have
1 ( )
2 · 0 + 2 · · y ′ |(x,y)=(0,1)
( 2 ) (
( )2 ( ) ( ) )
1 1 ′
=2 2·0 +2· 2
−0 · 4·0+4· · y |(x,y)=(0,1) − 1
2 2
( )
= 2 · y ′ |(x,y)=(0,1) − 1

so y ′ |(x,y)=(0,1) = 1, the tangent line is y = x + 1/2.

1
Ans: y = x + .
2
3. First, find all critical number of f .
( )
√ −2x2 1 1
f ′ (x) = 9 − x2 + √ =√ ((9 − x2 ) − x2 ) = √ (9 − 2x2 ) = 0,
2 9−x 2 9−x 2 9−x 2

so critical number are ± √32 . Second, verify the critical number and all endpoint. f (−3) = f (3) = 0,
( ) ( )
3 9 3 9
f √ = = −f − √ , so the absolute maximum is .
2 2 2 2
9
Ans: .
2
4. By Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, f ′ (x) = ex , so f ′′ (x) = 2xex by Chain Rule.
2 2

2
Ans: 2xex .

5. Notice that ∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
0< x | sin x| dx <
p
xp dx.
1 1
∫ ∞ ∫ ∞
Because x dx is convergent for p < −1,
p
xp | sin x|dx is also convergent for p < −1.
1 1
Ans: p < −1.

4
 《一百零四學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 B 2 C 3 D 4 B 5 A 閱
複
6 C 7 A 8 A 9 B 10 D 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
11 CD 12 ABD 13 ABD 14 ACD 15 BD 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題

初
1 –3 2 2 3 3 sin sin 閱

2 評
1
複 分
4 or 5 4 閱
2
3 0
 1

Calculus 104-1

1. Since f has local extrema at x = −2, 1, so x = −2, 1 are critical points of f .

Then f 0 (−2) = f 0 (1) = 0. ⇒ a = 32 , b = −6, a + b = − 29
2. Let y(t) = t − t2 = 0 ⇒ t = 0 or 1.
Z 1
Area = (t − t2 )et dt = 3 − e.
0

3. Z Z
1
sin x cos xdx = sin x d(cos x) = sin2 x + C.
2
4.
s 2 2
Z 1 
dx dy
L = + dt
0 dt dx
Z 1 q
2 2
= (et cos t + et (− sin t)) + (et sin t + et cos t) dt
0
Z 1 p
= e2t (1 − 2 cos t sin t + 1 + 2 cos t sin t)dt
0
Z 1 √ √
= 2et dt = 2(e − 1).
0

5.
Z 1 Z 1
56π
V =2 πr2 dy = 2 π(1 + y 2 )dy =
0 0 15

6.
x sin x sin x + x cos 2x cos x + cos x + x(− sin x) 1
lim = lim = lim = .
x→0 1 − cos 2x x→0 2 sin 2x x→0 4 cos 2x 2

7.

F −1 (F (x)) = x
⇒ (F −1 )0 (F (x)) · F 0 (x) = 1
1
⇒ (F −1 )0 (F (x)) = √ 3
−3x 2x + 14
2

1
⇒ (F −1 )0 (0) = − . (Since F (1) = 0)
12

8.
Z 1 q
2
Surface Area = 2πx3 1 + (3x2 ) dx
0
Z 1 p
= 2πx3 1 + 9x4 dx
0
(Let u = 1 + 9x4 , du = 36x3 dx)
Z 10
1√
= 2π udu
1 36
1  3 
= 10 2 − 1 .
27
2
√ √
9. Since sin x + 2 cos x = 5( √15 sin x + √2
5
cos x) =
5 sin(x + α) for some α. Thus there exist
√
x0 ∈ R such that sin x0 + 2 cos x0 attains its maximum 5.
On the other hand, the simple observaiton will gives g is a nonnegative, strictly increasing
function on {x|x ≥ 0} and g is always negative on {x|x < 0}.
Therefore, the absolute maximum value of g(sin x + 2 cos x) must occurs when the √function
√ √
sin x + 2 cos x attain its maximumm. i.e. maxx∈R {g(sin x + 2 cos x)} = g( 5) = 5e 5 .
10.
n3
 
1 8
lim √ + √ + ··· + √
n→∞ n3 4n2 + 1 n3 4n2 + 4 n3 4n2 + n2
 
n3 
     
1 1 1 1 8 1
= lim 3
+q 3
+ ··· + q
n3
q
n→∞ n 1 n 4 n n2
4 + n2 4 + n2 4+ n2
Z 1
x3
= √ dx
0 4 + x2
(Let x = 2 tan θ, dx = 2 sec θdθ)
Z tan−1 12
8 tan3 θ
= 2 sec2 θdθ
0 2 sec θ
Z tan−1 21
= 8 tan3 θ sec θdθ
0
(Let u = sec θ, du = sec θ tan θ)
Z √25
= 8 (u2 − 1)du
1
√
7 5 16
= − + .
3 3
√
x
11. Consider a ≥ 0. Notice that 1+xa always nonnegative on [0, ∞].
Since
√
1 1 x
0≤ 1 ≤ on [1, ∞]
2x 2a− 1 + x2
R∞ 1
Using p-series test, we know that if a − 21 ≤ 1, 1 a− 1 dx will diverge. Thus from the
R ∞ √x x 2
comparision test, 0 1+xa dx also diverge. We can’s choose (A) and (B).
R1 √
On the other hand, the relation 0 1+xxa dx ≤ 1 always holds and the following relation
√
x 1
0≤ a
≤ a− 1
1+x x 2
R∞ 1
holds on [1, ∞]. Using p-series test again, we know if a − 12 > 1, 1 a− 1 dx will converge.
R ∞ √x x 2
Thus from the comparison test, 1 1+xa dx also converge. Therefore, we choose (C) and (D).
12. (i) Vertical asymptote: x = 0.
(ii) Let y = ax + b is a slant asymptote.
(1) x → ∞:
√
f (x) e2x + x2
a = lim = lim =0
x→∞ x x→∞ x(ex − 1)
√
e2x + x2
b = lim f (x) − ax = lim − 0 · x = 1.
x→∞ x→∞ ex − 1
 3

(2) x → −∞:
√
f (x) e2x + x2
a = lim = lim =1
x→−∞ x x→−∞ x(ex − 1)

b = lim f (x) − ax = 0.
x→−∞

Then y = x and y = 1 are asymptotes.

tan x − x sec2 x−1
13. (A) limx→0 = limx→0 1 = 0.
x
(B)
1
0 ≤ |x3 sin | ≤ x3
x
1
⇒ lim 0 ≤ lim |x3 sin | ≤ lim x3 = 0
x→0 x→0 x x→0

By squeeze theorem,
1 1
lim |x3 sin | = 0 ⇒ lim x3 sin = 0.
x→0 x x→0 x
(C) limx→0+ (1 + x)1/x = e.
sin(x−1) cos(x−1) 1
(D) limx→1 x2 +x−2 = limx→1 2x+1 = 3

14. (A) True. (Since x = 7, f is not well-defined)

(B) f (−x) = −2x+5 −2x−5
7−x 6= x−7 = −f (x). Then f (x) is not an odd function.
5+7y
(C) y = 2x+5
x−7 ⇒ xy − 7x = 2x + 5 ⇒ x = y−2
−1 5+7x
⇒ f (x) = x−2 .
(D) True. (Since 2x + 5, x − 7 is continuous on (−∞, 7) ∪ (7, ∞))
R∞ R0 R∞
15. (A) −∞ x3 dx = −∞ x3 dx + 0 x3 dx ⇒ divergent.
R∞ 1
(B) True, since csc 1 > 1, then by p-series test, 3 xcsc 1 dx is convergent.
3 3
− tan x
(C) Let f (x) = tan x
1+x2 , f (−x) = 1+x2 = −f (x).
⇒ f (x) is odd function
R π/4
⇒ −π/4 f (x)dx = 0.
R π/4 R π/4 π/4
(D) 0 tan2 xdx = 0 sec2 x − 1dx = tan x − x|0 = 1 − π4 .
1.
x3 + xy − cos(xy) = 0
dy dy
⇒ 3x2 + y + x + sin(xy)[y + x ] = 0
dx dx
Let (x, y) = (1, 0)
dy dy
⇒ 3+ = 0, ⇒ = −3.
dx dx
2.
Z 1 Z 1
(1 − x)f (x2 − 2x + 1)dx = (1 − x)f ((x − 1)2 )dx
0 0
Let u = (x − 1)2 , du = 2(x − 1)dx
Z 0
1
= − f (u)du
1 2
Z 1
1
= f (u)du = 2.
0 2
4

R x3
3. f (x) = x sin(t2 )dt,
f 0 (x) = sin((x3 )2 )3x2 − sin x2 = 3x2 sin x6 − sin x2 .
4. (i) tangent point: (x(1), y(1)) = (e, 1)
(ii)
dy 1
dy 1− t2 (2t) 2
dt
= dx
= √
1
=− .
dx t=1 dt t=1 e t 2√ e
t t=1

Then tangent: y − 1 = − 2e (x − e).

5. Since f is differentiable on [1, 4], by Mean-Value Theorem, there exist η1 ∈ (1, 2) and η2 ∈ (2, 4)
such that

f (2) − f (1) = f 0 (η1 )(2 − 1) = f 0 (η1 )

f (4) − f (2) = f 0 (η2 )(4 − 2) = 2f 0 (η2 )

From assumption f 0 (x) ≥ 3 for all x ∈ [1, 4], then

f (2) − f (1) = f 0 (η1 ) ≥ 3

f (4) − f (2) = f 0 (η2 ) ≥ 3

Therefore,
4 = 3 + f (x) ≤ f (2) ≤ f (4) − 6 = 4
⇒ f (2) = 4.
 《一百零三學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 B 2 A 3 D 4 B 5 C 閱
複
6 A 7 C 8 A 9 B 10 C 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
11 AB 12 ABC 13 AD 14 AD 15 BC 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題

2 1 ln2 or
1 初
1 0 2 3 2 2ln2 or 閱
2
2 ln4
評
ln or 分
4 複
4 5 閱
3 1 1
ln 1
7
 1

Calculus 103-1

1.
dy 6 sin2 t cos t sin t
= =− = −1.
dx t= π 6 cos2 t(− sin t) t= π cos t t= π
4 4 4

π
When t = 4, (x, y) = ( √12 , √12 ). Then tangent: y − √1
2
= −(x − √1 ).
2

2. (skip)

3. f (x) = etan x , f 0 (x) = etan x sec2 x.

4. y = ax3 + ex , y 0 3ax2 + ex , y = 6ax + ex .

If a = 0, y 00 > 0 for all x. Then y = ax3 + ex has no inflection point.

5. (i) Vertical asymptotes: x = 53 .

(ii) Horizontal aymptotes: y = √1 , y = − √13 .
3

6.

(sin 2x)0 = 2 cos 2x

00
(sin 2x) = 22 (− sin 2x)
(sin 2x)000 = 23 (− cos 2x)
(4)
(sin 2x) = 24 (sin 2x)
..
.
(sin 2x)(104) = 2104 sin 2x.

Rx R3
7. F (x) = 3
f (t)dt = − x
f (t)dt.

(A) F (0) = −2 + 1 = −1.

(B) F (1) = − 21 + 1 = 12 .
(C) F (2) = 1.
(D) F (3) = 0.

8.  
 x|x| if −1 ≤ x ≤ 1  −x2 if 1 ≤ x ≤ 0
2
f (x) = x if x > 1 = x2 if x ≥ 0
 3  3
x if x < −1 x if x ≤ −1

By definition of f , we know that f is differentiable on interval (−∞, −1), (−1, 0) and (0, ∞).
We only check the differentiabity of f at points x = 0 and −1.
By simple assumption, we find

f (x) − f (0) f (x)f (0)

lim = 0 = lim .
x→0+ x−0 x→0− x−0

Thus f is differentiable at 0 and f 0 (0) = 0.

9. The volumn of S is equal to S 0 : the solid obtained by rotating R0 = {(x, y)|x2 + (y + 1)2 ≤ 1}
about the x-axis. Therefore, the volume of S is 2π 2 .
2

10.
s 2
ln 2
ey + e−y ey + e−y
Z 
Surface Area = 2π 1+ dy
0 2 2
ln 2
ey + e−y
Z
= π(ey + e−y ) dy
0 2
Z ln 2
π
= e2y + 2 + e−2y dy
2 0
!
ln 2
π 1 2y 1
= e + 2y − e−2y
2 2 2 0
15
= π( + ln 2).
16

11. (skip, by definition)

12. Since
f (x) − f (1) x−1
lim− = lim− =1
x→1 x−1 x→1 x − 1
f (x) − f (1) 2−x−1
lim = lim+ = −1
x→1+ x−1 x→1 x−1
Then f 0 (1) does not exist.
13. By definition, choose (A), (D).
R1 R1 R1
14. 0 π(f 2 (x) − 02 )dx = 0 πf 2 (x)dx = 0 2πy(1 − g(y))dy.
xa
15. Notice that 1+x2 is nonnegative on [0, ∞). Now, we divided into two caes: a ≥ 0 and a < 0.
(i) a ≥ 0:
Since 1 + x2 ≤ 2x2 on [1, ∞), we have

1 xa
0≤ ≤ on [1, ∞)
2x2−a 1 + x2
R∞ 1
Using p-series test, 1 2x2−a dx will diverge if 2 − a ≤ 1. Then by comparision test, we
R ∞ xa
know that 0 1+x2 dx will diverge if 1 ≤ a. Thus we can’t choose (D).
R 1 xa
On the other hand, it is easy to see that 0 1+x 2 dx ≤ 1 and

xa 1
0≤ ≤ 2−a on [1, ∞)
1 + xa x
R∞ 1 R∞ xa
Using p-series Test, 1 x2−a dx will converge if 2 − a > 1. By comparsion test, 0 1+x2
will converge if 1 > a ≥ 0. Thus we choose (C).
(ii) a < 0:
a
xa
Since 1 + x2 ≤ 2 on [0, 1], then 0 ≤ x2 ≤ 1+x 2 holds for x ∈ [0, 1]. By p-series test,
R ∞ xa
0 1+x 2 dx will diverge if a ≤ −1. Thus, we can’t choose (A).
xa 1
R∞ 1
On the other hand, we know that 0 ≤ 1+x2 ≤ x2−a holds for x ∈ [1, ∞). Then 1 x2−a dx
R ∞ xa
always converge when a > 0. By comparision test, 1 1+x2 dx will converge if a < 0.
xa a
R1
The key observaiton will give 0 ≤ 1+x 2 ≤ x holds for x ∈ [0, 1]. By p-series test, 0 xa dx
R 1 xa
converges if −1 < a < 0. Thus by comparision test, 0 1+x 2 dx will converge if a > −1.
R ∞ xa
From above, 0 1+x2 dx will converge if −1 < a < 0, choose (B).
 3

1. Since ex >> x2015 (ln x)14 when x → ∞, then

x2015 (ln x)14

lim = 0.
x→∞ ex

2.
x+a
 
ln x−a
limx→∞ 
 
1
x + ax
  
lim =e x = e1
x→∞ x−a
x+a x−a−x−a
x+a
!
ln x−a x−a (x−a)2 2ax2
⇒ lim 1 = lim = lim = 2a = 1
x→∞
x
x→∞ (−1) x12 x→∞ (x + a)(x − a)

1
⇒ a= .
2

3.
Z e−2 Z e
ln(2 + x)dx = ln udu (Let u = 2 + x)
0 2
e Z e
= u ln u − 1du
2 2
= e − 2 ln 2 − e + 2
= 2 − 2 ln 2.

4.
Z 1 Z 1
r
p 1 1 1 1
1 + (y 0 )2 dx = 1 + ( x 2 − x− 2 )2 dx
0 0 2 2
Z 1
1 1 1
= (x 2 + x− 2 )dx
0 2
" #
1
1 2 3 1 4
= x 2 + 2x 2 = .
2 3 0 3

5.
Z Z
1 1
8
dx = dx
x −x x(x7
− 1)
x6
Z
= dx
x7 (x7 − 1)
Let u = x7 , du = 7x6 dx
Z
1 1
= du
7 u(u − 1)
Z
1 1 1
= − + du
7 u u−1
1
= (− ln |u| + ln |u − 1|) + C
7
1 x7 − 1
= ln +C
7 x7
 《一百零二學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 C 2 C 3 A 4 C 5 B 閱
複
6 D 7 A 8 A 9 B 10 D 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
11 C,D 12 A,B,C 13 A,D 14 A,B,C,D 15 A,B,D 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題

1
ln 5  2 ln 2
3x  y  3  0 y  9 x  17 2 初
1 2 3
(or y  3x  3 ) (or 9 x  y  17  0 ) 5 閱
評
(or ln )
4 分
p 1 複
4 4 5
(or (1, ) ) 閱
 ~öŒxt¦, x®MfLÃsã
1.
1 1 1
e−x − 1 < ⇒ − < e−x − 1 <
2 2 2
1 3
⇒ < e−x <
2 2
1 3
⇒ − ln 2 = ln < −x < ln
2 2
3
⇒ − ln < x < ln 2.
2
Since
3
| ln 2| > ln ,
2
 
3 3
δ = min ln 2, ln = ln .
2 2

Ans: C

2.
(A) f 0 (x) = 7 − sin x ≥ 7 − 1 > 0 forall x 
∈ R. Hence f is strictly increasing, f has at most
 π 7π  π 
one root. Since f − f (0) = − · 1 < 0, f has a root in − , 0 by intermediate
2 2 2
value theorem.
(B) limx→∞ 7x = ∞ and | cos x| ≤ 1 for all x ∈ R, so limx→∞ f (x) = ∞. Thus f is not
periodic.
(C) f 0 (x) = 7 − sin x ≥ 7 − 1 > 0 forall x 
∈ R. Hence f is strictly increasing, f has at most
 π 7π  π 
one root. Since f − f (0) = − · 1 < 0, f has a root in − , 0 by intermediate
2 2 2
value theorem.
(D)
lim |f (x) − (ax + b)| = lim |(7 − a)x + cos x + b| =
6 0
x→±∞ x→±∞

for and a, b ∈ R. Thus f has no any horizontal/ slant asymptote.

Ans: C

1
 3. For x 6= 0,

1
−1 ≤ ≤
sin 1,
R |x|1+α R |x|1+α x 1 R |x|1+α
−1 dt ≤ 0 sin t dt ≤ 1 dt,
R0|x|1+α R |x|1+α R0|x|1+α
0
−1 dt 0
sin 1t dt 0
1 dt
≤ ≤ ,
|x| x |x|
q q
|x|1+α |x|1+α
− = −|x|α = |x|α
|x| |x|
limx→0 −|x|α = limx→0 |x|α = 0, by Squeeze Theorem, the limit is 0.

Ans: A

4.
Z Z
n −x
x e dx = x (−e ) − (−e−x )nxn−1 dx
n −x

Z
= −x e + nxn−1 e−x dx
n −x

Z
= −(x + nx )e + n(n − 1)xn−2 e−x dx = · · ·
n n−1 −x

= −(xn + nxn−1 + · · · + n!x + n!)e−x ,

tn l0 H
lim tn e−t = lim t = 0.
t→∞ t→∞ e
∞
(0 · ∞ → , n times.)
Z ∞ Z t∞
xn e−x dx = lim xn e−x dx
0 t→∞ 0
t
= lim −(xn + nxn−1 + · · · + n!x + n!)e−x x=0
t→∞
= lim n! − (tn + ntn−1 + · · · + n!t + n!)e−t = n!.
 
t→∞
Ans: C

5.
1 1
e2x x2
Z    
2x 1 2 1 1 1
− 0 = e2 − 1.


e − x dx = − = e − −
0 2 2 0 2 2 2 2
Ans: B

6.
(A) The average value of f on the interval [1, 4] is equal to
Z 4
1 10
f (x) dx = > 3.
4−1 1 3

2
 20
(B) Let f : [1, 4] → R such that f (x) = (x − 2).
3
Then

Z 4 4
10
f (x) dx = (x − 2)2 = 10,
1 3 x=1

40
and maxx∈[1,4] f (x) = f (4) = > 4.
3
20
(C) Let f : [1, 4] → R such that f (x) = (x − 2).
3
Then

Z 4 4
10
f (x) dx = (x − 2)2 = 10,
1 3 x=1

−20
and minx∈[1,4] f (x) = f (1) = < 0.
3
(D) If not, maxx∈[1,4] f (x) ≤ 3, then
Z 4 Z 4
f (x) dx ≤ 3 dx = (4 − 1) · 3 = 9 < 10,
1 1

it is a contradiction.

Ans: D

7. The surface area is

Z Z 2
q 2
S= 2πx dS = 2π e − t (et − 1)2 + (2et/2 ) dt
t

Z0 2

q
= t
2π e − t (et + 1)2 dt
Z0 2
2π et − t et + 1 dt



=
0
Z 2
= 2π e2t − tet + et − t dt
0
!
2 2
e2t t
= 2π − tet + 2et −
2 2 0
= π e4 − 9 .

Ans: A

3
 π
8. Notice that (x, y) = (−1, 1) if and only if t = . The slope of the tangent line is
2
dy
dy cos t + 2 cos 2t −2
= dt = = = 2.
dx dx − sin t − 2 sin 2t t= π2 −1
dt t= π2

Thus the tangent line is π    π 

y−y =2 x−x ,
2 2
that is, y = 2x + 3.
Ans: A

1
9. Let r1 (θ) = and r2 (θ) = cos 2θ. Notice that
2
(r1 (θ1 ) cos θ1 , r1 (θ1 ) sin θ1 ) = (r2 (θ2 ) cos θ2 , r2 (θ2 ) sin θ2 )
   
1 1
⇔ θ1 = θ2 and cos 2θ2 = or θ1 = θ2 + π and cos 2θ2 = −
2 2
nπ π
⇔ θ2 = ± ∀ n ∈ Z.
2 6
π 1
Notice that while 0 ≤ θ ≤ , 0 ≤ r1 (θ) = ≤ r2 (θ) = cos 2θ. Hence the area A is equal
6 2
to
Z π/6 Z π/6  
1 2 2
 2 1
8 r2 (θ) − r1 (θ) dθ = 4 cos (2θ) − dθ
0 2 0 4
Z π/6   π/6
! √
1 1 π 1 π 3
=4 + cos(4θ) dθ = + sin(4θ) = + .
0 4 2 6 2 θ=0 6 4

Ans: B

10. Let y = (ln x)sin x . ln y = (sin x) ln(ln x), and

y0 1 1
= cos x · ln(ln x) + sin x · · ,
y ln x x
Thus
 
0 0 1 1
f (e) = y |x=e = y cos x · ln(ln x) + sin x · ·
ln x x x=e
 
sin e 1 1
= (ln e) cos e · ln(ln e) + sin e · ·
ln e e
 
1 1 sin e
= 1 · cos e · 0 + sin e · · = .
1 e e
Ans: D

4
11.

(A) √
sin x sin π4 2 2
lim = π = .
x→ π4 x 4
π

(B) Since
−1 sin x 1
≤ ≤
|x| x |x|
for all x 6= 0, and
−1 1
lim = 0 = lim .
x→∞ |x| x→∞ |x|
By squeeze theorem,
sin x
lim = 0.
x→∞ x

(C) Since 0 < sin x < x < tan x for 0 < x < π/2, we have that
x tan x 1
1< < = .
sin x sin x cos x
1 1 x
Because limx→0+ = = 1, by squeeze theorem, we have that limx→0+ = 1.
cos x 1 sin x
For the similar way, we can prove that
sin x
lim− = 1.
x→0 x

(D) Since

−1 sin x 1
≤ ≤
|x| x |x|
for all x 6= 0, and

−1 1
lim = 0 = lim .
x→−∞ |x| x→∞ |x|

By squeeze theorem,
sin x x − sin x
limx→−∞ = 0, limx→−∞ = 1 − 0 = 1.
x x

Ans: CD

12.

(A)
lim |f (x)| = lim f (x) = |f (a)|.
x→a x→a

5
(B) Let f : (0, ∞) → R such thatf (x) = 1/x for all x ∈ (0, ∞), and g : [0, ∞) → R such that
(
f (x), if x ∈ (0, ∞),
g(x) =
0 , if x = 0.

Then limx→0+ f (x) = limx→0+ g(x) = +∞, both of f and g have vertical asymptote
x = 0.

(C)
f (x) − f (a)
lim f (x) − f (a) = lim · (x − a) = f 0 (a) · (a − a) = 0,
x→a x→a x−a
thus limx→a f (x) = f (a).
π 
(D) The limit of sin x does not exist as x → +∞ since sin nπ = 0 and sin + 2nπ = 1 for
2
all n ∈ N.

Ans: ABC

13.
f (x) − f (a)
f 0 (a) = lim = 1.
x→a
 x − a 
f (x) − f (a) f (x) − f (a) x − a
lim √ = lim √
x→a 3
x−1 x→a x−a 3
x−1
  
f (x) − f (a) x−a
= lim lim √
x→a x−a x→a 3 x − 1
 
0 x−a
= f (a) lim √
x→a 3 x − 1
a−a

 √ = 0, if a 6= 1,
= √ 3
a−1
 3 a2 + √ 3
a + 1 = 3, if a = 1.
Ans: AD

14.

(A)
ln |x| l0 H 1/x
lim f (x) = lim x ln |x| = lim = lim = lim (−x) = 0 = f (0),
x→0 x→0 x→0 1/x x→0 −1/x2 x→0

f is continuous at 0.

(B) f 0 (x) = ln |x| + 1 = 0 if and only if x = ±e−1 , and f 0 (x) does not exist when x = 0.
1
For x 6= 0, f 00 (x) = , f 00 (e−1 ) = e > 0. Hence f has a local minimum f (e−1 ) = −e−1 .
x
(C) f 0 (x) = ln |x| + 1 = 0 if and only if x = ±e−1 , and f 0 (x) does not exist when x = 0.
1
For x 6= 0, f 00 (x) = , f 00 (−e−1 ) = −e > 0. Hence f has a local maximum f (−e−1 ) = e−1 .
x

6
(D)
ln |x| l0 H 1/x
lim f (x) = lim x ln |x| = lim = lim = lim (−x) = 0 = f (0),
x→0 x→0 x→0 1/x x→0 −1/x2 x→0

hence f is continuous at 0.
f 0 (x) = ln |x| + 1 = 0 if and only if x = ±e−1 , and f 0 (x) does not exist when x = 0. For
1
x 6= 0, f 00 (x) = . Since f 00 (x) < 0 for x < 0 and f 00 (x) > 0 for x > 0, f is concave
x
downward on (−∞, 0) and f is concave upward on (0, ∞). In summary, f has an inflec-
tion point (0, 0).

Ans: ABCD

15.

(A) |x| is continuous,

lim |f (x)| = | lim f (x)| = |f (a)|.

x→a x→a

(B) Just follow the definition of vertical asymptote.

(C)
lim f (x) = f 0 (a) · 0 + f (a) = f (a).
x→a

(D) lim f (x) may not exist. (ex: sin x.)

x→∞

Ans: ABD

16. Implicit differentiate with respect to x,

2
3 x2 + y 2 − 1 (2x + 2yy 0 ) = 3x2 + y 0

2
⇒ 3 12 + 02 − 1 (2 · 1 + 2 · 0 · y 0 ) = 3 · 12 + y 0
⇒ y 0 |(x,y)=(1,0) = −3.

Thus the tangent line to the curve at (0, 1) is y − 0 = −3(x − 1), that is, y = −3x + 3

Ans: y = −3x + 3

17.
9x4 + x3 + 6x2 + 5 31x2 − 28x + 90
= 9x − 17 + ,
x3 + 2x2 + x + 5 x3 + 2x2 + x + 5
and
31x2 − 28x + 90
lim = 0.
x→±∞ x3 + 2x2 + x + 5

7
 So the slant asymptote of f (x) is y = 9x − 17 or 9x − y − 17 = 0.

Ans: 9x − y − 17 = 0

(x − 4) A Bx C
18. Assume 2
= + 2 + 2 ,
(x + 1)(x + 4) x+1 x +4 x +4
x − 4 = A(x2 + 4) + Bx(x + 1) + C(x + 1),
 
x = −1 : −5 = 5A,
 A = −1,

x=0: −4 = 4A + C, ⇒ B = 1,
 
x=1: −3 = 5A + 2B + 2C, C = 0.
 

1 1
(x − 4) −1
Z Z
x
dx = + 2 dx
0 (x + 1)(x2 + 4) 0 x+1 x +4
1 √
1
= − ln |x + 1| + ln(x2 + 4) = (− ln 2 + ln 5) − (0 + ln 2)
2 x=0
√
1 5
= ln 5 − 2 ln 2 (= ln ).
2 4
√
1 5
Ans: ln 5 − 2 ln 2 (= ln )
2 4

19. [Cylindrical shell]

R1 2
(It is hard to use Disk method: 0
π [f −1 (y)] dy.)

Z π Z π Z π
sin x
2πxf (x) dx = 2πx dx = 2π sin x dx
0 0 x 0
= 2π (− cos x|πx=0 ) = 2π[−(−1) − (−1)] = 4π.

Ans: 4π

1
20. f (x) > > 0 for x ≥ 1.
(x + 1)[ln(x + 1)]p

Now Z ∞ Z ∞
1 u=ln(x+1) 1
dx = du
1 (x + 1)[ln(x + 1)]p ln 2 up
diverges if and only if p ≤ 1.
R∞
By comparison theorem, 1 f (x) dx diverges for p ≤ 1.

For x ≥ e, ln(x + 1) > ln x > 0, [ln(x + 1)]p > (ln x)p ,

8
 1
0 < f (x) < .
x[ln x]p

Now, Z ∞ Z ∞
1 v=ln x 1
dx = dv
e x[ln x]p 1 vp
converges if and only if p > 1.

R∞
By comparison theorem, e f (x) dx converges when p > 1.
R∞
In summary, 1 f (x) dx converges for p > 1.

Ans: p>1

9
 《一百零一學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 C 2 D 3 D 4 C 5 A 閱
複
6 D 7 B 8 C 9 A 10 B 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
11 B,C 12 A,B,C 13 B,C 14 C,D 15 A,B 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題

L( x)  3  2( x  1) 1 1 x 初
1 100 2 Or L( x)  2 x  1 3 tan 1 x  C
2 2 x2  1 閱
評
 2
8 複 分
4 5 閱
2 3
 ~ö xt¦, x®MfLÃsã
1.
(A) Notice that −|x|3 ≤ f (x) ≤ |x|3 .
As x approaches to 0, we have that limx→0 f (x) = 0 = (0) by squeeze theorem.
(B) Notice that
f (x) − f (0) f (x)
0≤ = ≤ x2 .
x−0 x
f (x) − f (0)
As x tends to 0, we have that f 0 (0) = = 0.
x−0
by squeeze theorem.
(C) Since both the rational numbers and irrational numbers are dense in the real line, for
any partition, we always can pick the random point in every slice as rational numbers or
irrational numbers.
Hence, the Riemann sum may be equal to 0 or approach
Z 1
1
x3 dx = .
0 4
(Notice that the cubic function is integrable on [0,1].)
Thus f is NOT integrable on [−1, 1].
(D) Use the fact that π is an irrational number,
we can say this choice is correct.
Ans: C

2.
1
f −1 (x) = sin−1 (x − ),
2
1
(f −1 )0 (x) = p ,
1 − (x − 1/2)2
1 2
(f −1 )0 (0) = p =√ .
1 − (0 − 1/2)2 3
Or
1
(f −1 )0 (x) = ,
f 0 (f −1 (x))
1 1 2
(f −1 )0 (0) = = π = √ .
f 0 (f −1 (0)) cos(− 6 ) 3

1
 Ans: D

3. n  15 Z 1 1
X i 1 x16 1
lim = x15 dx = = .
n→∞
i=1
n n 0 16 0 16
Ans: D

4. By fundamental theorem of calculus and l’Hopital’s rule,

Rx
0
sin(t2 ) dt l0 H sin(x2 ) l0 H 2x cos(x2 )
lim = lim = lim = 0.
x→0 x2 x→0 2x x→0 2
Ans: C

5.

(A) By deletion from (B), (C) and (D).

1


(B) For the parametric equation, max0≤t≤1 y = sin 2π · 4
= 1, but the maxima of y in graph
is not equal to 1.
1


(C) For the parametric equation, max0≤t≤1 y = sin 2π · 4
= 1, but the maxima of y in graph
is not equal to 1.

(D)
dy y 0 (t) −8t + 4
= 0 = ,
dx x (t) 2π cos(2πt)
dy 4
so = > 0.
dx t=0 2π
4
Since (x(0), y(0)) = (0, 0), the slope of tangent line of the curve at (0, 0) should be .
2π
Since slope in the graph is 0, the graph does not match.
Ans: A

6.

(A)
Z π/2 Z t
tan x dx = lim
π−
tan x dx
0 t→ 2 0

= lim
π−
ln | sec x||tx=0 = lim
π−
ln | sec t| = ∞.
t→ 2 t→ 2

2
(B)
Z ∞ Z t
−1
tan x dx = lim tan−1 x dx
0 t→∞ 0
 t
1 2 −1
= lim x tan x − ln(x + 1)
t→∞ 2
  x=0
1
= lim t tan−1 t − ln(t2 + 1)
t→∞ 2
−1
! −1
!
1 et tan t 1 et tan t l0 H
= lim ln = ln lim 2 = ∞.
t→∞ 2 t2 + 1 2 t→∞ t + 1

(C)
Z ∞ Z t
1 1
dx = lim dx
2 x ln x t→∞ 2 x ln x
Z ln t
u=ln x 1
= lim du = lim (ln ln t − ln ln 2) = ∞.
t→∞ ln 2 u t→∞

(D)
Z 1 Z π/2
dx x=sin θ d(sin θ)
√ = p
0 1 − x2 0 1 − sin2 θ
Z π/2
π π
= dθ = − 0 = .
0 2 2
Ans: D

7. The average M is
Z π/2   π/2
1 4 θ 4
π f (θ) dθ = tan = .
2
−0 0 π 2 θ=0 π

Ans: B

8. Notice that r ≥ 0 for all θ ∈ R. The area A is

Z 2π Z 2π Z 2π
1 2 2
r dθ = 2(1 + cos θ) dθ = 3 + 4 cos θ + cos 2θ dθ
0 2 0 0
2π
1
= 3θ + 4 sin θ + sin 2θ = 6π.
2 0

Ans: C

3
 9.
Z π/4 Z π/4
2
x tan x dx = x(sec2 x − 1) dx
0 0
Z π/4 Z π/4
= x d tan x − x dx
0 0
π/4 π/4
x2
Z
= x tan x|π/4
x=0 − tan x dx −
0 2 x=0
π π 2
π π2 √
= − − ln | sec x||π/4
x=0 = − − ln 2.
4 32 4 32
Ans: A

10. Just find time t̃ such that the velocity v(t) change sign at time t̃. t̃ should be equal to
2, 3, 5, 7 and 9, total five moments.
Ans: B

11.
  
1 1
lim y = lim lim x sin = (−1) · 0 = 0;
x→0 x→0 x − 1 x→0 x
lim+ y = ∞, lim− y = −∞.
x→1 x→1

So there is a vertical asymptote x = 1.

  
x 1
lim y = lim lim sin = 1 · 0 = 0.
x→±∞ x→±∞ x − 1 x→±∞ x
So there is a horizontal asymptote y = 0.
Ans: BC

12.
4x
F 00 (x) = x − =0
(1 + x2 )2
when x = 0, 1, −1, and F is continuous and F 00 changes sign at 0, 1, −1.
Ans: ABC

13.
√ √
− 1 < x − 2 < 1,
√ √ √
⇔ 2 − 1 < x < 2 + 1,
√ √
⇔ 3 − 2 2 < x < 3 + 2 2,
√ √
⇔ 1 − 2 2 < x − 2 < 1 + 2 2,
√ √ √
⇔ δ = min{2 2 − 1, 1 + 2 2} = 2 2 − 1 ≈ 1.828.

4
 Ans: BC

14.
(A) Not the definition of improper integral.
1 R∞ 1
(B) limx→∞ = 0, and 1 dx = limt→∞ ln x|∞
x=1 = ∞.
x x
(C)
Z ∞ Z 0 Z ∞
f (x) dx = f (x) dx + f (x) dx
−∞ −∞ 0
(let x = −t, dx = −dt)
Z 0 Z ∞
= −f (−t) dt + f (x) dx
∞ 0
Z ∞ Z ∞ Z ∞
= f (t) dt + f (x) dx = 2 f (x) dx.
0 0 0

(D) The comparison theorem for improper integral.

Ans: CD

15.
R
(A) S = 2πy ds, and the radius is 3 − f (x).
R
(B) S = 2πx ds, and the radius is x − (−2) = 2 + x.
(C) s
Z e 2 
2x
P = 1+ dx,
1 x2 + 1
s  2
Z e
2
Q= 1+ dx.
1 x
Since
2x 2
< for 1 ≤ x ≤ e, P ≤ Q.
x2 +1 x
(D) Let
f (x) = 2x, g(x) = 3, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.
Then f (x) < g(x) on [0, 1], and
Z 1 p √
S= 1 + [f 0 (x)]2 dx = 5,
0

and Z 1 p
T = 1 + [g 0 (x)]2 dx = 1.
0
Ans: AB

5
16. Let x be the distance between the car which travels west and the origin, y be the distance
between the car which travels south and the origin, and z be the distance of two cars.
Then z 2 = x2 + y 2 . Implicit differentiate it, 2zz 0 = 2xx0 + 2yy 0 , x = x0 · t, y = y 0 · t,
z = z 0 · t.
t(z 0 )2 = t(x0 )2 + t(y 0 )2 ,
p √
z 0 = (x0 )2 + (y 0 )2 = 602 + 802 = 100.

Ans: 100

17. Let u = x2 . Then

Z u
0 d du du
g (x) = sec(t − 1) dt = sec(u − 1) · = sec(x2 − 1) · (2x).
du 1 dx dx

So the linear approximation is L(x) = g 0 (1)(x−1)+g(1) = sec((1)2 −1)·2(1)(x−1)+3 =

2x + 1.
Ans: L(x) = 2x + 1

18.
sec2 θ
Z Z Z
1 x=tan θ
dx = dθ = cos2 θ dθ
(x2 + 1)2 sec4 θ
Z
1 θ 1
= (1 + cos 2θ) dθ = + sin 2θ + C
2 2 4
θ 1 θ 1 tan θ
= + sin θ cos θ + C = + +C
2 2 2 2 sec θ
1 1 x
= tan−1 x + + C.
2 2 x2 + 1
1 1 x
Ans: tan−1 x + +C
2 2 x2 + 1

19.
Z π p
L= (−sin t + sin t + t cos t)2 + (cos t − cos t + t sin t)2 dt
Z0 π
t2 π π2
= t dt = = .
0 2 0 2

π2
Ans:
2

6
20.

y = x2 − 2x = 0 ⇔ x = 0, 2, the volume is
Z 2 Z 2
2
V = 2πx(0 − x + 2x) dx = 2π 2x2 − x3 dx
0 0
!
2  
2 3 1 4 16 16 8π
= 2π x − x = 2π − = .
3 4 0 3 4 3

8π
Ans: .
3

7
 《一百學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 C 2 C 3 A 4 D 5 D 閱
複
6 B 7 A 8 C 9 D 10 D 閱

第二部份：複選擇題 D

評分
初
11 BC 12 AD 13 AB 14 AD 15 BCD 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題

1
y  1  ( x  1)
 13  2 初
1  1,  2 ee 3 閱
 4 1
or y  x 
1 評
2 2 分
12 複
4  5  閱
5
 ~xt¦, x®MfLÃsã
1.

(A)
cos(4πx) + 0.5|x=0 = 1 + 0.5 = 1.5 6= f (0) = 0.5.

(B) The function of the graph is an even function, but for the function g(x) := sin(4πx) + 0.5,
   
1 π  1  π
g = sin + 0.5 = 1.5 6= g − = sin − + 0.5 = −0.5.
8 2 8 2

Therefore, sin(4πx) + 0.5 is NOT an even function.

(C) Let f (x) = sin(4π|x|) + 0.5 for all x ∈ R.

I. f is an even function;
II. f (0) = 0.5;
III. f (x) = f (x + 0.5) for all x ≥ 0;
IV.  
1
max f (x) = f = 1.5,
0≤x≤0.5 8
and  
3
min f (x) = f = −0.5.
0≤x≤0.5 8

All of the four properties are allowed for the function of the graph.

(D)
cos(4π|x|) + 0.5|x=0 = 1 + 0.5 = 1.5 6= f (0) = 0.5.
Ans: C

2.
√ √
− 0.6 < 4x + 5 − 3 < 0.6 ⇒ 2.4 < 4x + 5 < 3.6
⇒ 5.76 < 4x + 5 < 12.96 ⇒ 0.76 < 4x < 7.96
⇒ 0.19 < x < 1.99 ⇒ −0.81 < x − 1 < 0.99
⇒ δ ≤ min{| − 0.81|, |0.99|} = 0.81.

Ans: C

1
3.  
2 23
−x ≤ x cos 4
≤ x2 , lim −x2 = lim x2 = 0.
x x→0 x→0
 
3
By Squeeze Theorem, lim x2 cos = 0.
x→0 x4
Ans: A

4.
1+x
f −1 (x) = ,
1−x
x−1 2
f (x) = =1− .
x+1 x+1
2
f 0 (x) = .
(x + 1)2
2 2
f 0 (2) = = .
(2 + 1)2 9

Ans: D

5. Way 1
π ≈ 3.14 > 2.71 ≈ e. (pick 1 such that e − π + 1 > 0.)

ln x xπ
 
ln x x ∞ ∞
lim e x
= lim e−π+1 lim x ( & )
x→∞ x e x→∞ x x→∞ e ∞ ∞
l0 H 1/x 1
= lim e−π
lim x
x→∞ (e − π + 1)x x→∞ e
1 1
= lim e−π+1
lim x
x→∞ (e − π + 1)x x→∞ e

= 0 · 0 = 0.

Way 2
When x → ∞,
1 < ln x < x < x2 < xe < x3 < xπ < x4 .
1 1 x3 ln x xπ x x4 x3
= 3 x < e x < 2 x = x,
ex x e x e x e e
3 0 3
x lH 1
lim x = 0 = lim x ,
x→∞ e x→∞ e

ln x xπ
 
lim = 0 (by squeeze theorem).
x→∞ xe e x
Ans: D

2
6.
1 Z π
x2 6 sin2 θ
Z
2
x=sin θ
√ dx = cos θ dθ
0 1 − x2 0 cos θ
Z π
6 1
= (1 − cos 2θ) dθ
0 2
  π/6 √
θ 1 π 3
= − sin 2θ = − .
2 4 0 12 8
Ans: B

7.
Z 4 p Z 4 q √
L= 0 2
1 + (y ) dx = 1 + ( x3 − 1)2 dx
1 1
Z 4 4
2 64 2 62
= x3/2 dx = x5/2 = − = .
1 5 x=1 5 5 5
Ans: A

R2
8. Notice that 0 < f (x) < 1 for all x ∈ (0, 2). Hence 1
f (x) dx > 0,
Z 1 Z 1 Z 2 Z 2
f (x) dx < f (x) dx + f (x) dx < f (x) dx,
0 0 1 0

I < II. Now 0 < f 2 (x) < f (x) < 1 for all x ∈ (0, 1),
Z 1 Z 1
2
0< f (x) dx < f (x) dx,
0 0

III < I. Finally, By fundamental theorem of calculus,

Z 2 Z 2
0
f (x) dx = f (2) − f (0) = 1 − 0 = 1 > f (x) dx,
0 0

IV > II. In summary, III < I < II < IV.

Ans: C

R1 1
9. Let f (x) = 1−x 3
dt, then limx→0+ f (x) = 0.
t
+t
By the fundamental theorem of calculus,
1
f 0 (x) = .
(1 − x)3
+ (1 − x)
1 1
Z
1
I = lim+ 3
dt
x→0 x 1−x t + t

l0 H 1 1
= lim+ 3
= .
x→0 (1 − x) + (1 − x) 2

3
 Ans: D

(2k + 1)π
10. Notice that r2 = 9 cos 5θ = 0 if and only if θ = , k ∈ Z. Now, the area of one
10
of the loops enclosed by the polar curve A is
Z π/10 Z π/10 π/10
1 2 9 9 9
r dθ = cos 5θ dθ = sin 5θ = .
−π/10 2 −π/10 2 10 −π/10 5
Ans: D

11.
(A)
(f g)00 = (f 0 g + f g 0 )0 = f 00 g + 2f 0 g 0 + f g 00 .

(B)
(f g 0 − f 0 g)0 = f 0 g 0 + f g 00 − f 00 g − f 0 g 0 = f g 00 − f 00 g.

(C)
( f (g(x)) )00 = ( f 0 (g(x))g 0 (x) )0 = f 00 (g(x))[g 0 (x)]2 + f 0 (g(x))g 00 (x).

(D)
[f (x + g(cos x))]0 = f 0 (x + g(cos x))(1 − g 0 (cos x) sin x).
Ans: BC

12.
(A) f is continuous everywhere since it is a rational function that the denominator is positive.
πx −πx
(B) f (x) = x − , and limx→±∞ 2 = 0. Thus f has a slant asymptote y = x.
x2 +π x +π
(C)
2πx(3π − x2 )
f 00 (x) = ,
(x2 + π)3
√ !
√ 3 3π
f has three inflection points (0, 0), ± 3π, .
4

(D) f is differentiable on the whole real line.

π(x2 − π)
f 0 (x) = 1 + =0
(x2 + π)2
if and only if x = 0. But f (−t) < f (0) = 0 < f (t) for any t > 0, f (0) is neither maximum
nor minimum. So f has neither maximum nor minimum.
Ans: AD

4
13.

(A)
1 2
i = 0, ·4= ;
2n  n
1 3 5
i = n, 4− = .
2n 2 4n

(Observer the first term and the final term.)

1−0 1
∆x = = ,
n n

1 2 1 5 5
∆xf (0) = · 2 = , ∆xf (1) = · = .
n n n 4 4n
(B)
1 2
i = 0, ·4= ;
2n  n
1 3 5
i = n, 4− = .
2n 2 4n

(Observer the first term and the final term.)

1
2
−0 1
∆x = = ,
n 2n

1 2 1 5 5
∆xf (0) = · 4 = , ∆xf (12) = · = .
2n n 2n 2 4n
(C)
1 2
i = 0, ·4= ;
2n  n
1 3 5
i = n, 4− = .
2n 2 4n

(Observer the first term and the final term.)

1−0 1
∆x = = ,
n n

1 4 1 −2
∆xf (0) = · 4 = , ∆xf (1) = (−2) = .
n n n n
(D)
1 2
i = 0, ·4= ;
2n  n
1 3 5
i = n, 4− = .
2n 2 4n

5
 (Observer the first term and the final term.)

1
2
−0 1
∆x = = ,
n 2n

1 1 1 29 5
∆xf (0) = · 2 = , ∆xf (12) = · = .
2n n 2n 16 8n
Ans: AB

14. Notice that these curves intersect at (−2, 2) and (3, 3).
Way I: integrate with respect to variable x.
First, for x ≥ −6,
√
y ≥ 0 and y 2 = x + 6 ⇔ y =x + 6;
2
√
y ≤ 0 and y = x + 6 ⇔ y = − x + 6.
√
Moreover, x + 6 ≥ x while −2 ≤ x ≤ 3. Thus the area is
Z −2 h
√ √ √
i Z 3 
x + 6 − (− x + 6) dx + x + 6 − x dx
−6 −2

Way II: integrate with respect to variable y.

y 2 − 6 ≤ y while −2 ≤ y ≤ 3. Thus the area is
Z 3
y − (y 2 − 6) dy
 
−2

Ans: AD

15.

(A) Z ∞ Z t
1 1
dx = lim dx = lim ln t = ∞
1 x t→∞ 1 x t→∞

diverges.

(B) Z ∞ Z t
1 1 π
2
dx = lim dx = lim tan−1 t =
0 x +1 t→∞ 0 x2 +1 t→∞ 2
converges.

(C) Z ∞ Z t  
−x −x 1 1
e dx = lim e dx = lim − e−t = .
1 t→∞ 1 t→∞ e e
converges.

6
 1 1 R ∞ dx 1
(D) 0 < < 4 for x ≥ 1, 1 4 = converges.
x4 2
+x +1 x x 3
R∞ 1 R −1 1
By Comparison Theorem, 1 4 2
dx converges. Similarly, −∞ 4
dx
x +x +1 x + x2 + 1
converges.
R1 1 R∞ 1
∵ −1 4 2
dx is proper. −∞ 4 dx converges.
x +x +1 x + x2 + 1
Ans: BCD

16. lim− f 0 (x) = lim− (−x2 + 4x − 3)0 = lim− (−2x + 4) = −1.

x→ 52 x→ 52 x→ 52

lim+ f 0 (x) = lim− (ax + b)0 = lim+ a = a. =⇒ a = −1.

x→ 25 x→ 52 x→ 52
 
2 25 5 3
lim− f (x) = lim− (−x + 4x − 3) = − + 4 −3= .
x→ 52 x→ 52 4 2 4
 
5 5 3 5 13
lim+ f (x) = lim+ (ax + b) = a + b = b − . =⇒ b = + = .
x→ 52 x→ 52 2 2 4 2 4
 
13
Ans: −1,
4

∞
17. (∞0 → )
∞
e e ln(ex + x)
Let y = (ex + x) x , ln y = ln(ex + x) = e .
x x
e 
lim ln y = lim ln(ex + x)
x→∞ x→∞ x
ln(ex + x) l0 H (ex + 1)/(ex + x)
= e lim = e lim
x→∞ x x→∞ 1
ex + 1 l 0 H ex l0 H ex
= e lim x = e lim x = e lim x = e.
x→∞ e + x x→∞ e + 1 x→∞ e

limx→∞ y = limx→∞ eln y = elimx→∞ ln y = ee .

Ans: ee

18. When θ = 0, x = 1, y = 1, and the slope of the tangent line at (1, 1) is

dy cos θ − 2 sin 2θ 1
= = .
dx θ=0 − sin θ + 2 cos 2θ θ=0 2

Thus the tangent line equation at θ = 0 is

1 1 1
y = (x − 1) + 1 = x + .
2 2 2
1 1 1
Ans: y = (x − 1) + 1 = x + .
2 2 2

7
19.
Z
S= 2πy ds
π
(separate into two parts, we can not do it from 0 ≤ θ ≤ π, ∵ θ = is not smooth.)
2
Z π/2 q
2
=2 2πsin3 θ (−3 cos2 θ sin θ)2 + (3 sin2 θ cos θ) dθ
0
Z π/2 Z 1
3 u=sin θ u5 1 12
= 4π sin θ · 3 sin θ cos θ dθ = 12π u4 du = 12π = π.
0 0 5 0 5
12
Ans: π
5

20.
Z 0 Z 1
3 2 2
V = π(x + 1) − π(x + 1) dx + π(x + 1)2 − π(x3 + 1)2 dx
−1
! 0 !
0 1
1 7 1 4 1 3 1 1 1
=π x + x − x − x2 −π x7 + x4 − x3 − x2
7 2 3 −1 7 2 3 0
   
1 1 1 1 1 1
=π − − +1 −π + − − 1 = π.
7 2 3 7 2 3
Ans: π

8
 《九十九學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 D 2 B 3 B 4 A 5 C 閱
複
6 C 7 C 8 D 9 B 10 C 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
1 BD 2 ABD 3 BC 4 ABC 5 C 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題

1 1 初
1 10 2 x 2  x  1  ln( x 2  x  1  x  )  C 閱
2 2 評
複 分
3 144 4 e2 5 4 2 閱

1 2 2  1
2. x 2  x  1  ln x2  x  1  x  C
2 3 3 2

1 2  2  1 
= x 2  x  1  ln  x  x  1   x    C
2 3  2 

1 2 1  2 1
= x 2  x  1  ln  ln  x  x  1  x    C
2 3 2  2
1 1
= x 2  x  1  ln( x 2  x  1  x  )  C
2 2
]A]xt¦, x®MfLÃsã
1. Let f (x) = 2x − x2 , ∀ x ∈ R. Then (c, c2 ) is a point of intersection of the original two
functions if and only if f (c) = 0. By mean value theorem, since f 00 (x) = (ln 2)2 ·2x −2 = 0
has exactly one solution, f 0 (x) = 0 has at most two distinct solutions, and so on, f (x) = 0
has at most three distinct solutions.
Now, by intermediate value theorem and f (−1) = −0.5 < 0 < f (0) = 1, f (2) = f (4) =
0, we know that f (x) = 0 has exactly three roots c, 2, 4, where −1 < c < 0.
Ans: D

2.

|f (x) − 0| < 1 ⇔ −1 < f (x) < 1

⇔ (x ≥ 0 and − 1 < −5x + 2 < 1)
(x + 1)2
or (x < 0 and − 1 < − < 1)
4
1 3
⇔ ( < x < ) or (−3 < x < 0).
5 5

1 3
Since the minimal distance of , , −3, and 0 to −1, respectively, is |0 − (−1)| = 1,
5 5
the largest δ is 1.
Ans: B

3.
 
1 x+1 x − (x + 1) ln(x + 1)
lim − = lim
x→0 ln(x + 1) x x→0 x ln(x + 1)
0
lH 1 − ln(x + 1) − 1 −(x + 1) ln(x + 1)
= lim = lim
x→0 ln(x + 1) + x x→0 (x + 1) ln(x + 1) + x

ôpital’s rule)
x+1
(Use l’H
l0 H − ln(x + 1) − 1 0−1 1
= lim = =− .
x→0 ln(x + 1) + 1 + 1 0+1+1 2
 2   2  2
1 x+1 1 x+1 1 1
lim − = lim − = − = .
x→0 ln(x + 1) x x→0 ln(x + 1) x 2 4
Ans: B

1
 4.

(A)  5−2 3
 4 4
 ∆x = = ,
i = 0, 1 e = e ; n n


 
3 e4 e4

2n 310 6n10 ∆x · f (2) = = ,
i = n, 1 e = e .
  n 18 6n
3 e10 e10


2n 6 12n ∆x · f (5) =

= .
n 36 12n
(B)  3−0 3
 4 4
 ∆x = = ,
i = 0, 1 e = e ; n n


 
3 e4 e4

2n 310 6n10 ∆x · f (0) = = ,
i = n, 1 e = e .
  n 610 2n10
3e e


2n 6 12n ∆x · f (3) =

= .
n 12 4n
(C)  1−0 1
 4 4
 ∆x = = ,
i = 0, 1 e = e ; n n


 
1 e4 e4

2n 310 6n10 ∆x · f (0) = = ,
i = n, 1 e = e .
  n 65 6n5
1e e


2n 6 12n ∆x · f (1) =

= .
n8 8n
(D)  6−3 3
 4 4
 ∆x = = ,
i = 0, 1 e = e ; n n


 
3 e7 e7

2n 310 6n10 ∆x · f (3) = = ,
i = n, 1 e = e .
  n 18
13
6n13
3e e


2n 6 12n ∆x · f (6) =

= .
n 36 12n
Ans: A

2
5. Notice that e−x is strictly decreasing on [0, 1]. Thus
Z 1/2 Z 1/2 Z 1/2 Z 1/2
−(1/2)2 −x2 −02 1 2 1
e dx < e dx < e dx ⇒ e−(1/4) < e−x dx < .
0 0 0 2 0 2
Similarly, we have
Z 1 Z 1 Z 1
−(1)2 −x2 2
e dx < e dx < e−(1/2) dx
1/2 1/2 1/2

Z 1
1 2 1
⇒ e−1 < e−x dx < e−(1/4) .
2 1/2 2
Clearly.
Z 1/2 Z 1
−x2 2
L= e dx + e−x dx.
0 1/2

In summary,
1 −(1/4) 1
+ e−1 < L < 1 + e−(1/4) < 1.



e
2 2

2
 Ans: C

6.
1
x2 + x + 2
Z
dx
0 x2 + 1
Z 1
x 1
= 1+ 2 + 2 dx
0 x +1 x +1
1
1
= x + ln(x2 + 1) + tan−1 x
2 x=0
ln 2 π π + 4 + 2 ln 2
=1+ + = .
2 4 4

Ans: C

7. Z Z 3 p Z 3 p
S= 2πy ds = 0 2
2πy 1 + (y ) dx = 2πx4 1 + (4x3 )2 dx.
0 0

Ans: C

2
1 + e−x 1 R∞ 1
8. For x ≥ e, > > 0, and e dx diverges.
x x 2
x
R ∞ 1 + e−x
By Comparison Theorem, e dx diverges.
x
Ans: D

9. The area of the region A is

Z Z π Z π
0
y dx = y(θ)x (θ) dθ = y 2 (θ) dθ
0
Z π Z π0
cos(2θ) + 1
= r2 (1 − cos θ)2 dθ = r2 1 − 2 cos θ + dθ
0 0 2
 π 
2 3 1 3
=r θ − 2 sin θ + sin(2θ) = πr2 .
2 4 θ=0 2
Ans: B

10. Let r1 (θ) = 3 and r2 (θ) = 2 + 2 cos θ. Notice that 0 ≤ r2 (θ) ≤ 4 for all θ ∈ R, and
(r1 (θ1 ) cos θ1 , r1 (θ1 ) sin θ1 ) = (r2 (θ2 ) cos θ2 , r2 (θ2 ) sin θ2 )
⇔ θ1 = θ2 and 2 + 2 cos θ2 = 3
π
⇔ θ2 = 2nπ ± ∀ n ∈ Z.
3

3
 π
Notice that while 0 ≤ θ ≤ , 0 ≤ r1 (θ) = 3 ≤ r2 (θ) = 2 + 2 cos θ. Hence the area A is
6
equal to
Z π/3 Z π/3
1 2
r2 (θ) − r1 2 (θ) dθ = 4 cos2 θ + 8 cos θ − 5 dθ
  
2
0 2 0
Z π/3  
π/3
= [2 cos(2θ) + 8 cos θ − 3] dθ = −π + sin(2θ) + 8 sin θ|θ=0
0
√ √
3 3 9√
= −π + +8· = 3 − π.
2 2 2
Ans: C

11.

(A)
2
· 2x2 − ln x2 · 4x 1 − ln x2
f 0 (x) = x = =0
4x4 x3
√
or dose not exist when x = ± e (0 not in domain).√ √
f 0 (x) > 0 and so f is increasing on (−∞, − e) ∪ (0, e).

(B)
− x2 · x3 − (1 − ln x2 ) · 3x2
00 3 ln x2 − 5
f (x) = = .
x6 x4
f 00 (x) < 0 and so is concave downward on (−e5/6 , 0) ∪ (0, e5/6 ).

(C)
− x2 · x3 − (1 − ln x2 ) · 3x2 3 ln x2 − 5 00
f 00 (x) = = , f (x) = 0 ⇔ x = ±e5/6 .
x6 x4
 
5
So f has two inflection points ±e5/6 , e−5/3 .
6

(D)
2
· 2x2 − ln x2 · 4x 1 − ln x2
f 0 (x) = x = =0
4x4 x3
√
or dose not exist when x = ± e (0 not in domain).

√ √
f 0 (x) > 0 and so f is increasing on (−∞, − e)∪(0, e). f 0 (x) < 0 and so f is decreas-
√ √ √ √ 1
ing on (− e, 0)∪( e, ∞). So f has local maximum while x = ± e. Since f (± e) = ,
2e
1
the absolute maximum of f is .
2e
Ans: BD

12.

4
(A) Consider f (x) = x3 on (−1, 1). Then f 0 (0) = 3 · 02 = 0. But for any t ∈ (0, 1),

f (t) = t3 > f (0) = 0 > f (−t) = −t3 .

Therefore, f (x) has no local extrema at x = 0.

(B) Consider f (x) = x on (−1, 1). Then f is continuous on (−1, 1). But for any c ∈ (−1, 1),
(−1) + c 1+c
` := , s := are both belong to (−1, 1), and
2 2
−1 < f (`) = ` < f (c) = c < f (s) = s < 1.

Hence f (c) is not an absolute extrema for any c ∈ (−1, 1).

(C) If a function is differentiable on an open interval in R, then it is continuous on this interval.

(D) Let f (x) = |x| on (−1, 1). Then f 2 (x) = x2 is differentiable on (−1, 1). But f is not
differentiable at 0.
Ans: ABD

13.
1 Rx
(A) Clearly, limx→0− g(x) = 1. Set f (t) = √ for t ≥ 0, and F (x) = 0
f (t) dt for
t2 + t + 1
x ≥ 0. (Notice that F (0) = 0.) Hence
√
F ( x)
lim g(x) = lim+ .
x→0+ x→0 x
We will apply l’H ôpital’s rule later. By fundamental theorem of calculus, for x > 0,
d √ 1 √ 1 1
F ( x) = √ f ( x) = √ √ .
dx 2 x 2 xx+ x+1
4

Now, by l’H ôpital’s rule,

1 1
lim+ g(x) = lim+ √ √ = +∞.
x→0 x→0 2 x x + 4
x+1

1 1
(B) 0 < √ < for t > 0, so
t2 + t+1 t2 +1

√ √
Z x Z x √
1 1 1 1 1 π
0 ≤ lim √ dt ≤ lim dt = lim tan−1 x = 0 · = 0.
x→∞ x 0 t2 + t+1 x→∞ x 0 t2 +1 x→∞ x 2

5
(C) It is obvious that limx→0− sin(x)g(x) = 0 · 1 = 0, and
√ !
Z x
sin x 1
lim sin(x)g(x) = lim+ √ dt
x→0+ x→0 x 0 t2 + t+1

√
  Z 0
sin x 1
= lim+ · √ dt = 1 · 0 = 0.
x→0 x 0 t2 + t+1

1 Rx
(D) Set f (t) = √ for t ≥ 0, and F (x) = 0
f (t) dt for x ≥ 0. (Notice that F (0) = 0.)
t2 + t + 1
By fundamental theorem of calculus, for x > 0,

d √ 1 √ 1 1
F ( x) = √ f ( x) = √ √ .
dx 2 x 2 xx+ x+1
4

Now,
−1 √
 
0 1 1 1
L := lim g (x) = lim 2
F ( x) + √ f (x) = −F (1) + .
x→1 x→1 x x2 x 6
1 1
Since √ ≥ for 0 ≤ t ≤ 1,
t2 + t+1 3
Z 1 Z 1
1 1 1
F (1) = √ dt ≥ dt = .
0 3 3
2
0 t + t+1
Hence
1 1 1 1
L = −F (1) + ≤ − + = − < 0.
6 3 6 6

Ans: BC

14.

(A) It is okay that f is continuous for x 6= 0. For x = 0, it is clearly that limx→0− f (x) =
limx→0− 0 = 0. For the right-hand side, since
 
2 2 1
−x ≤ x sin ≤ x2
x3

and limx→0 ±x2 = ±02 = 0, by squeeze theorem,

 
2 1
lim f (x) = lim+ x sin = 0.
x→0+ x→0 x3

Hence limx→0 f (x) = 0 = f (0), f is continuous on R.

6
 (B) It is okay that f is differentiable for x 6= 0. For x = 0,
 
f (h) − f (0) f (h) − f (0) 1
lim− = lim− 0 = 0. lim+ = lim+ h sin =0
h→0 h−0 h→0 h→0 h−0 h→0 h3
by squeeze theorem. In summary,

f (h) − 0
f 0 (0) = lim = 0,
h→0 h − 0

so f is differentiable on R.
(C)  
f (h) − f (0) f (h) − f (0) 1
lim− = lim− 0 = 0. lim+ = lim+ h sin =0
h→0 h−0 h→0 h→0 h−0 h→0 h3
by squeeze theorem. In summary,

f (h) − 0
f 0 (0) = lim = 0.
h→0 h − 0

(D)
           
0 1 2 1 −3 1 3 1
f (x) = 2x sin + x cos · = 2x sin − cos ,
x3 x3 x 4 x 3 x 2 x3

thus the limit limx→0+ f 0 (x) does not exist, f 0 is not continuous at 0.
Ans: ABC

15.
(I)
Z 1 √ Z 1 Z 1
x u 2
e dx = 2ueu du
e d(u ) =
0
Z0 1 0
1
Z 1
u u
= 2u d(e ) = 2ue − eu d(2u)
0 0 0
h i1
= 2ueu − 2eu = 2.
0

(II) Z 1 h i1
x x x
xe dx = xe − e = 1.
0 0

(III)
Z π/2
esin x sin 2x dx
0
Z π/2
= 2esin x sin x cos x dx
Z0 1
= 2vev dv = 2.
0

7
 Ans: C

 x1
2x + 5x

16. Let y = .
2
2x + 5x (ln 2)2x + (ln 5)5x
   
ln
2 2
lim ln y = lim = lim  x
2 + 5x

x→0 x→0 x x→0
·1
2

(ln 2 + ln 5)/2 ln 2 + ln 5 √
= = = ln 10.
(1 + 1)/2 2
√
Thus lim
√ x→0 y = exp(limx→0 ln y) = 10.
Ans: 10

17. For change of variables, set u = x2 + x + 1. Then du = (2x + 1) dx, and

Z
x+ 1
2
Z 1
2
du √ √
I1 := √ dx = √ = u + C1 = x 2 + x + 1 + C1 .
x2 + x + 1 u
Z
1 1
For the rest part I2 := − √ dx, we observe that
2 x2 + x + 1
 2 √ !2 √ !2 "  2 #
1 3 3 2x 1
x2 + x + 1 = x + + = √ +√ +1 .
2 2 2 3 3

By change of variables, √ √
2x 1 √ 3p 2 3
set sinh v = √ + √ , then x + x + 1 =
2 sinh v + 1 = cosh v,
3 3 2 2
2
cosh v dv = √ dx,
3
and Z √
1 2 1 3
I2 = − √ (cosh v) · dv
2 3 cosh v 2

Z  
1 1 1 −1 2x 1
=− dv = − v + C2 = − sinh √ +√ + C2 .
2 2 2 3 3
 
−1
p
2
Since sinh y = ln y + 1 + y , we have that

2 √ 2
 
1 2x 1
I2 = − ln √ + √ + √ x + x + 1 + C2
2 3 3 3

√
 
1 1 1 2
= − ln 2
x +x+1+x+ − ln √ + C2 .
2 2 2 3

8
 In summary,
√ √
Z  
x 1 1
√ 2
dx = I1 + I2 = x + x + 1 − ln 2
x +x+1+x+ + C.
x2 + x + 1 2 2

√ √
 
2 1 2
1
Ans: x + x + 1 − 2 ln x +x+1+x+ +C
2

2 2 y22
18. x + y = r , A(x) = . So the volume is
2
Z r 2 Z r r
x3
Z
y 2
V = A(x) dx = dx = r2 − x2 dx = r2 x − = r3 = 144.
−r 2 0 3 x=0 3
Ans: 144

dy p
19. By fundamental theorem of calculus, = (ln x)2 − 1
dx
The length of the curve is L =

Z e2 Z e2 Z e2
2
| ln x| dx = x ln x − x|ex=e = e2 .
p p
1 + (y 0 )2 dx = 1 + (ln x)2 − 1 dx =
e e e

Ans: e2

20. The length of the polar curve L is

Z πp Z πp
2 0 2
r + (r ) dθ = (1 + sin θ)2 + (cos θ)2 dθ
0 0
√ Z π√ √ Z π/2 √
= 2 2 + 2 sin θ dθ = 2 2 1 + sin θ dθ
0 π  π  0

(cos + t = cos − t for t ∈ R.)

2 √ 2
√
√ Z π/2
1 + sin θ 1 − sin θ √ Z π/2 cos θ
=2 2 √ dθ = 2 2 √ dθ
0 1 − sin θ 0 1 − sin θ
For change of variables, let u = sin θ. Then du = cos θ dθ. Thus
√ Z 1 1 √ √ 1 √
L=2 2 √ du = −4 2 1 − u = 4 2.
0 1−u u=0

√
Ans: 4 2

9
 《九十八學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷》(A 卷)
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 C 2 C 3 A 4 B 5 送分 閱
複
6 D 7 B 8 D 9 B 10 A 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
1 BD 2 AD 3 ABD 4 AD 5 AD 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題

初
1 -3x  4 2 e 3 3 -2 閱
評
 複 分
4 5 0.2 閱
4
 《九十七學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷 甲卷》
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 D 2 C 3 C 4 B 5 B 閱
複
6 B 7 B 8 B 9 C 10 D 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
1 AC 2 ABD 3 BD 4 AB 5 AC 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題

 1 初
1  2 3 2 x 1  x6 閱
4 12 評
x tan 1 x  ln 1  x 2  C 10 6 複 分
4 5 (e  1) 閱
(C 可不加) 3
 《九十六學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷 甲卷》
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：單選擇題

評分
初
1 D 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 B 閱
複
6 B 7 C 8 B 9 D 10 A 閱

第二部份：複選擇題

評分
初
1 A,C 2 C,D 3 A,B,C 4 A,C 5 B,C 閱
複
閱

第三部份：填充題
π
1+ 5 初
1 2 2 ∫ x sin xdx
0
3 ln
2 閱
評
複 分
4 π 5 2π 閱
 《九十五學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷 甲卷》
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二、三部份
總分(第一部份~第三部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：
第一部份：單選擇題
初
1 C 2 B 3 D 4 D 5 Ｄ 閱

評分
複
6 C 7 Ｃ 8 Ｄ 9 Ｃ 10 Ａ 閱

第二部份：
第二部份：複選擇題
初
1 C, D 2 A, B, C 3 A, B, D 4 C 5 B, C 閱

評分
複
閱
第三部份：
第三部份：填充題

初
1 1/ 6 2 −2103 cos(2 x) 3 1/ 2 閱 評
複 分
4 2π 5 8 閱
 《九十四學年度第一學期微積分會考答案卷 甲卷》
姓名 老師
學號 系別 系

初 複 第一、二部份
總分(第一部份與二部份) 閱 閱 合計總分

第一部份：
第一部份：選擇題
初
1 B 2 A 3 B 4 D 5 D 閱

評分
複
6 D 7 A 8 B 9 D 10 B 閱
第二部份：
第二部份：填充題

ln y − y / x
y'=
初
=
4 ln x − x / y
1 15 2
e +12 3 2
y (ln x − 1) 閱 評
x( y ln x − x) 分
1 3 複
4 2 ln 2 − 1 5 3π − 2 6 ln
2 2 閱
13 + 4 x + x 2 +
π2 5 8 2 3

7 ln 2 + x + 13 + 4 x + x 2
8 9 π r3 10 2
(π + 1) − 1
4 12 3 
+ constant