Write the letter of the BEST answer.

1.The very top layer of soil is mostly made of

a) Solid rock
b) Clay and mineral deposits
c) A mixture of minerals and organic material
d) Mostly organic material (humus)

2. Which layer of soil is on the bottom?

a) topsoil
b) subsoil
c) bedrock
d) Bottom soil

3. Soil is made of ______________.

a) weathered rocks and minerals
b) dead plants and animals
c) air and water
d) all of the above

4. Why is soil an important natural resource?

a) soil is used to make buildings
b) soil can grow crops
c) soil comes from bedrock
d) soil is full of mircobes

5. The way soil feels is called its _____.

a) type
b) texture
c) particle
d) grain size

6.

You did an experiment to see how adding humus would improve plant growth. You added
humus to plant A and kept plant B in regular soil. They both got the same amount of sunlight
and water. Based on the results, what can you conclude?
a) Plant A will not grow any flowers
b) Plant B will die
c) Humus made plant A grow faster
d) Humus had not effect on plant A

7. The texture of soil depends on

a) How much water it can retain
b) Particle size
c) Soil color
d) Soil mass
8. A student wants to know which soil is the best to plant tomatoes in. Which of the
following experiments can he complete to figure it out?
a) Plant seeds in each type of soil.
b) Pour 200 mL of water into each soil to see how much water is retained.
c) Compare the color of the soil to a color chart
d) Wet the soil and feel the texture.

9. Students wanted to test out the capacity to retain water. They poured water through the
soil samples and waited for 2 minutes. Based on the results, which of the following is a
correct conclusion?

a) Water seeped through sample A the slowest

b) Water seeped through sample B the fastest
c) Sample A retained the most water
d) All samples retained the same amount of water

10. A gardener wants to add humus to his soil because it contains a lot of nutrients and
helps retain water. What does humus form from?
a) Sand
b) Rocks and minerals
c) Decayed animals and plants
d) Volcanic lava

11. Soil is made up of

a) water, dirt, worms, and banana peels
b) minerals, air, water, and organic material
c) air, worms, plants, and headphones
d) water, worms, walnuts, and watermelons

12. Soil is necessary to many different things. Which sentence correctly matches a necessity
with a living organism?
a) Soil is food for plants.
b) Soil is a playground for animals.
c) Soil is mud for pigs.
d) Soil is a mess for moms.

13. One property of soil is it's ___.

a) worms
b) temperature
c) Name
d) texture
14. The layers of soil are also known as ____.
a) horizons
b) humus
c) loam
d) Dirt

15. The O Horizon is also known as _____.

a) humus
b) topsoil
c) subsoil
d) Bedrock

16. The A Horizon is also known as _____.

a) humus
b) topsoil
c) subsoil
d) Bedrock

17. The B Horizon is also known as the _____.

a) humus
b) topsoil
c) subsoil
d) Bedrock

18. Which layer of soil consists of solid rock?

a) humus
b) topsoil
c) subsoil
d) Bedrock

19. Minerals are found in which layer of soil?

a) humus
b) topsoil
c) subsoil
d) Bedrock

20. In which layer of soil do plant roots grow?

a) humus
b) topsoil
c) subsoil
d) bedrock
21.Which letter in the diagram identifies the layer of Earth made up of solid nickel and iron?

a) layer A
b) layer B
c) layer C
d) layer D
22. Sally is researching the differences that exist in each layer of the Earth. Which of the
following best describes Earth's crust?
a) Solid, rocky
b) Liquid, metallic
c) Semisolid, convecting
d) Dense, extremely hot

23. The layers of Earth are the crust, mantle, and care, with the core being divided into inner
and outer layers. Which of the following does NOT describe the layers of the solid Earth?
a) core makes up the majority of Earth's volume.
b) The mantle is composed of rocks known as silicates.
c) The core is made up of dense elements, such as iron and nickel
d) The crust is extremely thin when compared to the core or mantle.

24. Which of Earth's layers is best described as liquid metal?

a) crust
b) mantle
c) outer core
d) inner core

25. Which of the following is true regarding the composition of the lithosphere?
a) The lithosphere is mostly liquid, with some medium-density materials, such as silicon.
b) The lithosphere is more plastic and flows slowly compared to the solid crust of Earth.
c) The lithosphere includes the core and the lower portion of the mantle.
d) The lithosphere includes the crust and the uppermost portion of the mantle, which is sold
and rigid.

26. The layers of Earth can be classified by their thickness, composition, and state. Which of
Earth's layers is best described as a molten state of medium density made of mostly silicon
and oxygen?
a) crust
b) outer core
c) mantle
d) inner core
27. What letter in the diagram identifies the layer that is composed of moving continental
and oceanic plates?

a) layer A
b) layer B
c) layer C
d) layer D

28. What does layer D show?

a) upper mantle
b) lower mantle
c) outer core
d) inner core

29. Which layer of Earth is composed of liquid iron and nickel?

a) crust
b) inner core
c) outer core
d) Mantle

30. Which of the following correctly lists the layers from innermost to outermost?
a) inner core, outer core, lower mantle, upper mantle, crust
b) lower mantle, upper mantle, crust, inner core, outer core
c) lower mantle, inner core, upper mantle, outer core, crust
d) crust, inner core, lower mantle, upper mantle, outer core