PHYSICS PROJECT

Design an appropriate logic gate combination for a

given truth table

Submitted by:

Hari krishnan K
XII STD

SAS VIDYALAYA SR SEC

SCHOOL,DHEERN NAGAR, TRICHY-09
 CERTIFICATE
The project entitled “ Design an appropriate
logic gate combination for a given truth table” is
the investigatory project work in physics
successfully completed by Hari krishnan K,
student of class XII, SAS VIDYALAYA SR SEC
SCHOOL,TRICHY-09, under the supervision of
physics teacher in particular fulfilment of the
curriculum of central board of education [CBSE]
leading to the award of certificate of 10+2 of the
year 2023-2024.

Reg No: Date:

Internal Examiner External Examiner Principal

 ACKNOWLEGEMENT
I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my
physics teacher as well as our principal and our
Secretary for providing me with the wonderful
opportunity to work on the project “ Design an
appropriate logic gate combination for a given
truth table” which also assisted me in finishing one of
the best physics projects and introducing me to so
many new things.

I would also like to extend my gratitude to my parents

and family members who helped me in gathering
varied information , collect data and guiding me from
time to time in doing this project. I’d also like to thank
all of my friends for their assistance in completing this
task in such a short period of time.
 INTEX
S:NO CONTENT PAGE NO:
01 Certificate
02

02 Acknowledgement
03

03 Introduction
05

04 Types of Logic
05
Gate
05 Case study ( D flip
10
flop)
06 Conclusion
12
INTRODUCTION:
Logic gates are important digital device that are
mainly based on the boolean function. Logic
gates are used to carry out logical operations on
single or multiple binary inputs and give one
binary output. In simple terms, logic gates are
the electronic circuits in a digital system.

Types of basic logic gates:

There are several basic logic used in performing

operations in digital systems . The common
ones are:

i) OR Gate
ii) AND Gate
iii) NOT Gate
iv) XOR Gate

Additionally, these gates can also be found in a

combination of one or two. Therefore, we get
other gates such as NAND gate, NOR gate,
EXOR gate, and EXNOR gate.
OR Gate:

In an OR gate , the output of an OR gate

attains state 1 if one or more inputs attain
state 1. the boolean expression of the OR
gate is
Y=A + B, read as Y equals A or B.

The truth tablee of a two -input OR basic

gate is given as:

A B C
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
AND Gate:

In the AND gate, the output of an AND gate

attains state 1 if and only if all the inputs are
in state 1.

The Boolean expression of AND gate is

Y = A.B

The truth table of a two-input AND basic

gate is given as:

A B Y
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
NOT Gate:

In a NOT gate, the output of a NOT gate

attains state 1 if and only if the input does
not attain state 1.

The Boolean expression is:

It is read as Y equals NOT A.

The truth table og NOT gate is as follows:

 A B

0 1

1 0

When connected In various combination ,

the three gates ( OR, AND and NOT) give
us basic logic gates such as NAND, and
NOR gates, which are the universal building
blocks of digital circuits.
CASE STUDY( D FLIP FLOP)

The D flip flop is the most important

flip flop from other clocked types . It
ensures that at the same time, both
the inputs , i.e., S and R , are never
equal to 1. The delay flip-flop is
designed using a gated SR flip-flop
with an inverter connected between
the inputs allowing for a single input
D(Data).
TRUTH TABLE:

INPUT OUTPUT
INPUT 01 INPUT 02 OUTPUT 03
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
 CONCLUSION:

Logic gates can be used to design

any combination or sequential
circuits to achieve the desired output
with any binary signal input.