October 5, 2023 ENGLISH MADHYAM

SSC CGL 2023

Syllabus
Module-I of Section-II of Paper-I (English Language And Comprehension):

13.10.3.1 Vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure, synonyms, antonyms and their correct
usage;

 Spot the Error,

 Fill in the Blanks,
 Synonyms/ Homonyms,
 Antonyms,
 Spellings/ Detecting mis-spelt words,
 Idioms & Phrases,
 One word substitution,
 Improvement of Sentences,
 Active/ Passive Voice of Verbs,
 Conversion into Direct/ Indirect narration,
 Shuffling of Sentence parts,
 Shuffling of Sentences in a passage,
 Cloze Passage,
 Comprehension Passage.

Note :- To test comprehension, three or more paragraphs will be given and

questions based on those will be asked. At least one paragraph should be a
simple one based on a book or a story and the other two paragraphs should
be on current affairs, based on a report or an editorial.

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SSC CGL Mains Mock – 53

1. The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that
contains a grammatical error.
Post Covid, the outbound tourism market / has been growing steady and this growth
momentum/ is expected to continue till about 2032, /an industry executive said.
A. Post Covid, the outbound tourism market
B. is expected to continue till about 2032,
C. an industry executive said
D. has been growing steady and this growth momentum
2. Select the most appropriate collocating word to fill in the blank.
Ram was praised for his________ leadership.
A. imaginary
B. visionary
C. magical
D. broad
3. Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in
the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
A. The Centre had earlier projected full-year GDP to contract by 8%. There was a 3.7%
growth in fourth-quarter gross value added, with all but two of the economy’s eight
broad sectors posting expansions.
B. Still, the pandemic’s crushing impact over the preceding three quarters meant that
only the agriculture, forestry and fishing and the utility services recorded full-year
growth.
C. Mining and quarrying and the worst-hit contact-intensive omnibus services category
of trade, hotels, transport, communications and broadcasting contracted 5.7% and
2.3%, respectively.
D. GDP expanded by 1.6% in the final quarter of the last fiscal, an acceleration from the
0.5% growth in the preceding three-month period, that marginally softened the
extent of the full-year’s record contraction to 7.3%.
E. The national income estimates released by the NSO posit an economy that appears
to have found some footing in the January-March quarter before the pandemic’s
second wave hit.
A. EDACB
B. DBAEC
C. CBDAE
D. BADEC
4. Some sentences are given below. While the first and the last sentences (1 and 2) are in
the correct order, the sentences in between are jumbled up. Arrange the sentences in
the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
1. India’s inflation based on the consumer price index quickened to 6.01% in January,
breaching the central bank’s upper tolerance limit of 6%.

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A. Oils and fats quickened the fastest at 18.7%.

B. Provisional estimates show the hinterland, with its greater proportion of the
country’s poor, bore the brunt of rising food prices with rural food price inflation
sprinting to 5.18% from December’s 3.39%.
C. While the headline number was no surprise given that the RBI had forecast the
acceleration, the official data merit scrutiny.
D. Though the RBI had been expected to start normalising its pandemic-era policy
stance in February’s monetary policy meeting and reaffirm its resolve to contain
inflation, the central bank retained the status quo in order to support economic
growth.
2. Governor Shaktikanta Das has defended the RBI’s projection for inflation to slow to
4.5% in FY23 by citing the base effect as the cause for higher headline inflation this
fiscal, and predicted that a similar base effect would help enable a downtrend in the
coming months.
A. BACD
B. CBAD
C. DABC
D. ABCD
5. The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that
contains a grammatical error.
The 2023 Nobel Prize for Physics was shared / by three scientists—Pierre Agostini,
Ferenc Krausz and Anne L’Huillier—for its “experimental / methods that generate
attosecond pulses for / the study of electron dynamics in matter.”
A. by three scientists—Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L’Huillier—for its
“experimental
B. The 2023 Nobel Prize for Physics was shared
C. methods that generate attosecond pulses for
D. the study of electron dynamics in matter.”
6. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.
For the aspiring East India company that looked at every opportunity for expansion and
self-aggrandisement, the century had to be projected as one of instability
A. humility
B. exaggeration
C. upliftment
D. elevation
7. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM for the word 'assertion' in the following
sentence.
There was a combination of agrarian colonising tendencies with the assertion of local
landlord power that was able to assimilate pioneer peasants.
A. insistence
B. averment

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C. statement
D. denial
8. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice
An unexpected call disturbed Maria terribly which compelled her to stop the
performance.
A. Maria disturbed terribly by an unexpected call which compelled her to stop the
performance.
B. Maria could be disturbed terribly by an unexpected call which compelled her to stop
the performance.
C. Maria was disturbed terribly by an unexpected call which compelled her to stop the
performance.
D. Maria had been disturbed terribly by an unexpected call which compelled her to
stop the performance
9. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
The doctor directed the nurse to administer an __________ medicine to the patient.
A. official
B. eminent
C. alternative
D. insightful
10. Select the correct collocation from the options and complete the sentence
It is very difficult for her to ___________.
A. keep a secret
B. touch a secret
C. make a secret
D. cry a secret
11. Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of
words.
A person in love with himself
A. Narcissist
B. Lunatic
C. Stoic
D. Polyglot
12. Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of
words.
Giving the worrying impression that something bad is going to happen
A. Desolate
B. Suspicious
C. Ominous
D. Bleak
13. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.
She said, ”I called yesterday, but there was no response”.
A. She said that she had called the day before, but there was no response.

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B. She said I called yesterday, but there was no response.

C. She said that I called day before, but there was no response.
D. She said she called yesterday, but there was no response.
14. Select the INCORRECTLY spelt word.
A. Finery
B. Hiest
C. Cringe
D. Defer
15. Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in
the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
A. This has forced India to match the Chinese deployment, leading to an extraordinary
build-up on a scale not seen since 1962.
B. That India and China have agreed to stop sending more troops to the frontline is a
welcome step towards hitting pause on the rising tensions along the LAC.
C. The new agreement of September 21, at the sixth round of Corps Commander talks
since June, will put a stop to this build-up, that is, if it is implemented sincerely.
D. Indeed, the genesis of the tensions lies in China’s large-scale deployment of troops
to forward areas in May, and subsequent multiple transgressions in the Galwan
Valley, Pangong Lake, Gogra, Hot Springs, and Depsang plains that have violated
almost every core tenet of the four border agreements that have helped keep the
peace since 1993.
A. ACBD
B. BDAC
C. ACDB
D. BDCA
16. A sentence has been given with a blank to be filled with an appropriate word. Choose
the correct alternative.
If you are the one who is planning to lose weight, remember to keep your snacking
_______.
A. outgoing
B. prejudiced
C. uncontrolled
D. moderate
17. Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in
the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
a. A month after the Congress government in Puducherry was brought down through
engineered resignations of its legislators, the Union Territory is preparing for an
Assembly election that could transform its political landscape.
b. A political non-entity till then, the BJP had only token political representation
through three nominated MLAs.

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c. It is a battle that would primarily test a wounded Congress’s ability to woo the
electorate by playing the victim card and the BJP’s strength on the ground.
d. Five years ago, 29 of its 30 candidates forfeited their deposit. Now, it is contesting in
nine seats in an alliance led by the All India N.R. Congress (16 seats); the AIADMK
gets five seats. The Congress has ceded ground to its allies, allotting 13 seats to the
DMK and one each to the CPI and the VCK.
A. acbd
B. bdac
C. bdca
D. dcba
18. For the four-sentence (S1 to S4) paragraph below, sentences S1 and S4 are given. From
the options P, Q, R and S select the appropriate sentences for S2 and S3, respectively.
S1: The suicide attack at a Shia mosque in Peshawar, killing at least 62 people, is a grave
reminder of Pakistan’s growing security challenges after the Taliban’s return to power in
Afghanistan and the continued persecution that the Shia minority is facing in the Af-Pak
region.
S4: The IS’s sectarian animosity towards the Shias is well-known. In Iraq and Syria, the IS
has carried out systematic attacks against the Shias, who they call “rejectionists” of
Islam just because they belong to a different branch of the faith.
P. The Islamic State terrorist organisation, which has carried out a number of suicide
attacks in Afghanistan ever since the Taliban captured Kabul in August 2021, has
claimed responsibility for the bombing.
Q. If it does not check the widespread anti-Shia narrative and find a way to tackle the
security challenges posed by both the TTP and the IS-K,
R. This was the deadliest attack in Pakistan since the 2018 bombing of Quetta, killing
149 people.
S. its borderlands could once again turn to anarchy and sectarian bloodletting.
A. S and R
B. R and P
C. Q and R
D. P and S
19. Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in
the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
P. This has been the case with much of the Sahel region, a 5,900-km-long semi-arid
territory. It has seen terrorist groups expanding their networks and stepping up
attacks on civilians and soldiers.
Q. The massacre of at least 160 people in a border village in Burkina Faso over the
weekend is a grim reminder of the threat the Sahel region faces from Islamist
terrorism.

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R. Nobody has claimed responsibility, but Burkinabe authorities have named the
Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (ISGS), which has carried out hundreds of terror
strikes in recent years.
S. The security situation in Burkina Faso, which saw its first major Islamist terrorist
attack in 2015, has deteriorated steadily, especially along the borders with Niger and
Mali.
A. RSQP
B. RPQS
C. QRSP
D. SQPR
20. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.
To smell a rat
A. To have reason to know the presence of a rat
B. To have reason to suspect
C. To know the smell of a rat
D. To learn the smell of a rat
21. Select the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.
They successfully defused the situation.
A. mitigated
B. mediated
C. activated
D. narrated
22. Identify the option that arranges the given parts in the correct order to form a
meaningful paragraph.
A. First, the world must acknowledge that terrorist organisations use not only extortion
and money laundering, drugs and wildlife trafficking to raise funds, but, in the
present and future, will use loopholes in digital security and the “anonymity”
provided by block chain technology to access finances.
B. He highlighted the necessity to streamline the process of the UN’s top body in
designating terrorists while strengthening coordination in the agencies that check
their financial resources.
C. Second, in a clear reference to Pakistan, he spoke of the need to link actions
between the UN and the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), and for countries that
“wilfully provide financial assistance and safe havens” as well as “5 star” treatment
to criminals and terrorists, to be held to account by them.
D. In his speech to the UN Security Council (UNSC) marking 20 years since the
resolutions that announced a global commitment to the war against terror after the
U.S. 9/11 attacks, External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar made a pitch for greater
coordination between counter terrorism agencies worldwide
A. DBAC
B. ABCD

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C. DCBA
D. CADB
23. Select the most appropriate homonym to fill in the blank.
Efforts were made to ____________ the disease
A. Check
B. Cheque
C. Chalk
D. Czech
24. In the given sentence, one word may have been incorrectly spelt. Select the correctly
spelt word from the given alternatives. If there is no error, select ‘No error’ as your
answer
The erroneous information spread rapidly across the nation and created a stir.
A. erronous
B. No error
C. eronneous
D. errauneous
25. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.
He said he was going for shopping and asked if he might get me anything.
A. He said, “I will be going for shopping. May I get you anything?”
B. He said, “I will go for shopping. Do you want anything?”
C. He said, “I’m going for shopping. Can I get you anything?”
D. He said, “I’m going for shopping. May I get you anything?”
26. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in indirect speech.
The passenger says to the railway clerk, “Is the train late?”
A. The passenger asks the railway clerk was the train late.
B. The passenger asked the railway clerk was the train late.
C. The passenger asks the railway clerk if the train is late.
D. The passenger has asked the railway clerk whether the train is late.
27. Select the most appropriate meaning of the underlined idiom in the given sentence
Being an ardent professional, the lawyer always kept his clients at an arm’s length.
A. Away from each other
B. At a distance
C. Under wraps
D. Alert and prepared
28. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice
Rick was completing graduation last year.
A. Graduation was being completed by Rick last year.
B. Graduation were completed by Rick last year.
C. Graduation was completed by Rick last year.
D. Graduation is being completed by Rick last year.
29. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.
The mother loves the baby.

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A. The baby is loved by the mother.

B. The baby has been loved by the mother.
C. The baby was loved by the mother.
D. The baby will be loved by the mother
Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully
and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Lightning is unlikely to strike the same place twice, but the Nipah virus is again
_____1______in Kozhikode, the fourth outbreak of the disease in Kerala over the last
five years. Caused by a zoonotic spillover, the transmission of pathogens from animals
to humans, the closest ______2______ of the virus is fruit bats. With two persons dying
of Nipah this week in Kozhikode, and three more persons, two of them relatives of one
of the victims, testing positive, and being hospitalised, disturbing memories from the
terrifying outbreak of 2018, in which 21 of 23 infected people died,
_____3______surfaced. The situation remains very much the same, in terms of
treatment options: there is no cure, and supportive care remains the only way to handle
Nipah infection even in a hospital _______4______.
30. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 1.
A. Put to rest
B. Wreaking havoc
C. Walk a tightrope
D. Below par
31. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 2.
A. Spreadable
B. Convention
C. Diffusion
D. Reservoir
32. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 3.
A. Have
B. Has
C. Have been
D. Has been
33. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 4.
A. Surveillance
B. monitoring
C. Setting
D. Shield
Comprehension
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow
The Bharat New Car Assessment Programme (NCAP), the new safety rating system for
passenger cars up to 3.5 tonnes which is to be implemented from October 1, is a
welcome initiative as it will give a push to India’s efforts towards enhancing road safety.

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Priced at one-fourth (around Rs 60 lakh) the cost of the rating systems available at
present in just four other countries, the NCAP should spur more carmakers to get crash
tests and evaluation of other safety parameters done for their vehicles. These
assessments will, in turn, enable car buyers to make informed choices based on the
safety factor. Even as this is likely to propel the auto sector to pull up its socks, it would
also brighten the chances of Indian cars marked with good safety grades bagging
international orders.
The latest WHO data points to road accidents as being the leading cause of death
among youth and children in the age group of five to 29 years. Ensuring safety standards
of a car cannot be emphasised enough in our country as India accounts for the world’s
highest number of road accidents, which claim about 1.5 lakh lives annually. The ratings
are vital for meeting the goal of the Brasilia Declaration — to which India is a signatory
— to cut by 50 per cent the number of global deaths (1.3 million annually) and injuries
due to road accidents by 2030.
However, these car safety measures would amount to little in India if not
complemented by equally rigorous adherence to traffic norms. For, among the top
causes of road mishaps and resultant deaths or injuries are blatant violations of the
rules of lane driving and speed limits. The importance of safe driving must be etched in
every child’s mind so that s/he grows up to be a responsible driver
34. Based on the passage, what is the primary purpose of implementing the Bharat New
Car Assessment Programme (NCAP)?
A. To increase the price of cars in India.
B. To compete with the rating systems of other countries.
C. To enhance road safety by informing car buyers about the safety of vehicles.
D. To ensure all Indian cars are exported internationally.
35. What global objective does the Brasilia Declaration aim to achieve by 2030?
A. To completely eradicate road accidents.
B. To increase the number of cars with safety ratings.
C. To decrease the number of global deaths due to road accidents by 25%.
D. To cut by 50 per cent the number of global deaths and injuries due to road
accidents.
36. According to the passage, which of the following is crucial to ensure car safety in
India?
A. The introduction of advanced car safety measures.
B. The adherence to traffic norms.
C. The focus on the child's age while teaching them.
D. Driving within speed limits only.
37. What is the tone of the passage?
A. Indifferent
B. Pessimistic
C. Optimistic

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D. Critical
Comprehension:
Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it.
There are times when a brand acquires a symbolism that far exceeds its real
significance. Consider the global political excitement surrounding the BRICS on the eve
of the just concluded Johannesburg summit. Many in the Global South have seen the
summit as an opportunity to build a new platform to address their economic concerns
after the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. If rising resentment in the Global
South led to the investment of new hopes in the BRICS, there were fears in the West
about the BRICS upending the post-World War II global order. Both the hope and the
fear appear misplaced. All the pre-summit hype about a common BRICS currency to
replace the dollar, for example, ended in tame statements about trading in national
currencies — which are, in any case, pegged against the US dollar.
Although it may not shatter the current global order, the BRICS brand has attracted
many countries that want to demonstrate their strategic autonomy and stand up to
western pressures. The clamour to join the BRICS became intense as 22 countries
applied for membership. The Johannesburg summit took a major decision on expanding
the forum. It invited six countries — Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and
the United Arab Emirates — to become full members starting early 2024. This is the first
expansion since the 2010 admission of South Africa into the BRICS and there could be
further expansion of membership and creation of a new category of “partner states”.
The BRICS foreign ministers have been tasked to develop criteria and norms for further
institutional expansion of the forum.
There is a widespread perception that the expansion is a political triumph for China and
Russia, which want to see the BRICS become a counter to the G7, and a setback to India,
which was said to be unenthusiastic about expansion. This is a misreading of the
situation. There is no doubt that China was the one that initiated the expansion move.
India did not oppose this but wanted clarity on the criteria. The real bargaining in the
BRICS is about whom to admit; current members appear to have got their special friends
in. This is unlikely to make the BRICS more efficient. The larger membership will make it
harder to produce a purposeful common agenda. If the Johannesburg summit produced
a joint statement — a laundry list that ran into 94 paras — imagine what a more diverse
group of 11 countries might do when they gather at a summit. The BRICS began nearly
two decades ago as a forum with one clear objective — to promote a multipolar world.
Given the wide range of differences among its current and incoming members,
however, it could well turn into a sack of potatoes that is impossible to turn into a sharp
geopolitical instrument. China might have had its wish for expansion granted, but the
results could be very different from Beijing’s expectations. Many present and new
members have strong ties to the West and are unlikely to toe the Chinese line.
Meanwhile, one major impact of the BRICS brand is already here: The growing
recognition in the West that it must end the prolonged political neglect of the Global
South.

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38. Based on the passage, which of the following best describes the status and perception
of BRICS in the context of global expectations?
A. BRICS has already changed the post-World War II global order by introducing a new
global currency.
B. The Global South views the BRICS summit as the sole solution to their economic
issues post the Covid-19 pandemic.
C. There is a widespread belief that BRICS is an entirely coherent and established
platform with clear objectives.
D. Both the hope and apprehensions surrounding BRICS are exaggerated when
compared to its actual impact and decisions.
39. Based on the passage, which of the following best represents the transformation of
BRICS?
(i) BRICS is steadily replacing the current global order.
(ii) BRICS is essentially a static forum with no potential for growth.
(iii) BRICS is evolving as a symbol of strategic autonomy against western pressures.
(iv) BRICS has always had a clear and coherent agenda from its inception.
(v) BRICS has declined in its attraction, as evidenced by few countries showing interest
in joining.
A. (i) and (ii)
B. Only (ii)
C. Only (iii)
D. Both (ii) and (iii)
40. Based on the passage, which of the following statements best encapsulates the
challenges faced by the BRICS due to its expansion?
A. The expansion of BRICS is a direct challenge to the dominance of the G7 and a
massive victory for China and Russia.
B. While the expansion of BRICS may seem like a win for certain countries, it could
make the group less efficient due to difficulty in forming a coherent agenda among
its diverse members.
C. The main challenge faced by BRICS is India's unenthusiastic attitude towards the
expansion, hindering its potential success.
D. The BRICS was created with the sole objective of being a counter to the West, and
the new members are likely to help achieve that.
41. Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage regarding BRICS?
A. Optimistic
B. Critical
C. Neutral
D. Admiring

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Comprehension:
Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it.
When I was 15, my skills as a thief had already been honed. During a wrestling match, I
met Anil, a man in his mid-20s who radiated kindness and simplicity. Trying to gain his
trust, I flattered him, but he playfully responded. We spoke, and I managed to convince
him to employ me, even if he couldn't pay. I lied about my culinary skills, but Anil soon
realized my cooking was atrocious. However, he found humor in the situation and
instead decided to teach me.
Anil also introduced me to the world of letters, teaching me to write my own name, and
promised to expand my knowledge to sentences and arithmetic. I was intrigued. I
understood that literacy was a key to unlimited opportunities.
Working for Anil was an interesting experience. I was responsible for buying daily
supplies, often managing to pocket some change. Although Anil's income was
unpredictable, it didn't bother him. He earned by writing for magazines, an occupation I
found odd. One evening, Anil brought home a sum of money from selling a book. That
night, I noticed him hide the notes beneath his mattress.
Despite Anil’s trust, which he manifested by giving me a key to our shared room, the
temptation was hard to resist. I pondered over the thought of robbing him. To my
reasoning, Anil would waste the money anyway, and he never really paid me. One night,
with the moonlight as my witness, I took the money and ran towards the station. With
600 rupees, the world was mine. But a hesitation at the station, a missed train, and a
moment of introspection made me question my choices.
The reality of my theft began to weigh on me. I imagined Anil's face, not angry or scared,
but simply sad at the betrayal. On a rainy night, as the wet notes clung to me, I thought
of the lessons and the promises of a brighter future. Maybe stealing was easy, but to be
respected was a greater ambition.
With a heavy heart, I decided to return the money. Sneaking back into the room, I
placed the notes back under the mattress, hoping Anil wouldn't notice. The following
morning, Anil casually handed me a wet 50-rupee note, stating it was my pay. His
actions, though silent, spoke volumes. He was aware of my midnight escapade but
chose understanding over anger.
Anil's subtle gesture wasn't just a monetary transaction but a reaffirmation of trust. As
he spoke of our writing lessons for the day, my gratitude and hope grew. I smiled
genuinely, knowing that life had much more to offer than the contents of a stolen
wallet.
42. Why did the narrator return the stolen money to Anil?
A. Because he was caught by the police and forced to return it.
B. He felt guilty, imagining Anil’s sadness, and reconsidered his ambitions.
C. Because he found out the money was counterfeit.
D. He didn’t return the money; he kept it for himself.
43. What was Anil’s reaction when he realized the narrator had taken and returned the
money?

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A. He was furious and kicked the narrator out.

B. Anil didn't notice that the money was gone and returned.
C. He silently acknowledged it and continued to trust the narrator.
D. He reported the theft to the authorities.
44. How did the narrator initially view Anil’s occupation of writing for magazines?
A. He admired Anil for his prestigious job.
B. He was indifferent to Anil’s profession.
C. He found it to be a reliable source of income.
D. He found Anil’s occupation to be odd.
45. How did the narrator justify the thought of robbing Anil before actually committing
the theft?
A. He believed Anil had plenty of money and wouldn’t notice.
B. He felt entitled to the money as he hadn’t been paid.
C. He thought Anil would easily forgive him.
D. He thought it would make him respected among thieves.

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Answers
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. C
13. A 14. B 15 B 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. A 24. B
25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. D 36. B
37. C 38. D 39. C 40. B 41. B 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. B
Explanation
1. D) 'steady' 'steadily' पर ए adverb
verb 'has been growing' modify र; — The plant has been growing steadily in
the garden.
 'steadily' will be used instead of 'steady' because an adverb is needed here to
modify the verb 'has been growing'; Like— The plant has been growing steadily
in the garden.
2. B) 'Visionary' use "visionary" र
sentence mention र ई , ए 'visionary'
'Imaginary' प , 'Magical' ई, और 'Broad'
, context
 'Visionary' should be used because it means having or showing foresight or
innovative ideas. The sentence mentions that Ram was praised for his
leadership, making 'visionary' fitting here. Whereas, 'Imaginary' means fictitious,
'Magical' implies enchanting or extraordinary, and 'Broad' means wide or
extensive, which don't fit in this context.
3. A) EDACB
E -> Refers to the national income estimates released by the NSO that suggests the
economy found some footing before the pandemic's second wave. This provides an
introduction.
D -> This speaks about the GDP growth in the final quarter, softening the contraction to
7.3%. This gives a detailed overview of the economy's position at the end of the fiscal
year.
A -> Mentions the Centre's projection about the GDP contraction and how the actual
results differed.
C -> Goes into detail about specific sectors that faced contraction.
B -> Closes by addressing the overall impact of the pandemic on most sectors, with only
a few showing growth.
4. B) CBAD
C -> Sentence C logically follows the 1st sentence by diving deeper into the reaction to
the inflation number.

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B -> Sentence B gives more details on how inflation impacted different sections of the
country.
A -> Sentence A provides specifics about what commodities (oils and fats) contributed
the most to the inflation.
D -> Sentence D talks about the RBI's response to the inflation scenario.
5. A) 'its' 'their' पर र और
ए plural ; — The prize was shared by three scientists for their innovative
methods.
 'their' will be used instead of 'its' because we are talking about three scientists
here and hence the reference is plural; Like— The prize was shared by three
scientists for their innovative methods.
6. A) Self-aggrandisement (noun) – The act of promoting oneself as being powerful or
important, often by exaggerating one's own achievements. -
Antonym: Humility (noun) – Modesty or lack of pride, a quality of not thinking you are
better than other people.
• Exaggeration (noun) – A statement that represents something as better or worse
than it really is.
• Upliftment (noun) – The act of raising or improving something or someone.

• Elevation (noun) – The height of a place above sea level; or the act of raising
something to a higher position. ई
7. D) Assertion (noun) – A confident and forceful statement of fact or belief, declaration,
proclamation, affirmation.
Antonym: Denial (noun) – The action of declaring something to be untrue,
contradiction, negation, disavowal. र
 Insistence (noun) – The fact or quality of insisting that something is the case or
should be done, demand, assertion.
• Averment (noun) – An affirmation or allegation by a party in a legal proceeding,
declaration, assertion. प र
• Statement (noun) – A definite or clear expression of something in speech or
writing, declaration, assertion.
8. C) Maria was disturbed terribly by an unexpected call which compelled her to stop the
performance.

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9. C) 'Alternative' use "alternative" प प

Sentence mention र औ ए
, ए 'alternative' 'Official' र , 'Eminent'
, और 'Insightful' र र , context

 'Alternative' should be used because it means substitute or another option. The

sentence mentions that the doctor directed the nurse to give a different type of
medicine to the patient, making 'alternative' fitting here. Whereas, 'Official'
means authorized, 'Eminent' means distinguished or notable, and 'Insightful'
implies deep understanding, which don't fit in this context.
10. A) 'Keep a secret' use "keep a secret" र प
र Sentence र ईर प र
र ए 'keep a secret' 'touch a secret', 'make a
secret', और 'cry a secret' context

'Keep a secret' should be used because it means to withhold or not disclose
information. In the sentence, it is mentioned that it is challenging for her to
conceal something, making 'keep a secret' appropriate here. On the other hand,
'touch a secret', 'make a secret', and 'cry a secret' don't fit in this context.
11. A) Narcissist (noun) – A person who has an excessive interest in or admiration of
themselves.
 Lunatic (noun) – A person who is mentally ill, especially in a severe way. प
 Stoic (noun) – A person who can endure pain or hardship without showing their
feelings or complaining. ,
 Polyglot (noun) – A person who knows and is able to use several languages.

12. C) Ominous (noun) – Giving the worrying impression that something bad is going to
happen
 Desolate (adjective) – Empty and feeling unhappy or showing no hope of
improvement र
 Suspicious (adjective) – Having or showing a cautious distrust of someone or
something
 Bleak (adjective) – Cold and miserable or not hopeful or encouraging

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13. A) She said that she had called the day before, but there was no response
14. B) The INCORRECTLY spelled word among the options provided is option B "Hiest". The
correct spelling is "Heist" which means “a robbery or theft”, especially one involving a
large haul of stolen goods र, .
15. B) BDAC
B. "That India and China have agreed to stop sending more troops to the frontline is a
welcome step towards hitting pause on the rising tensions along the LAC."
 This seems like a statement that describes a decision or resolution between India and
China. It doesn't follow from another statement, making it a potential starting
sentence.
D. "Indeed, the genesis of the tensions lies in China’s large-scale deployment of troops
to forward areas in May, and subsequent multiple transgressions in the Galwan Valley,
Pangong Lake, Gogra, Hot Springs, and Depsang plains that have violated almost every
core tenet of the four border agreements that have helped keep the peace since 1993."
 This sentence provides a background to why the tension exists. It could logically
follow the first sentence to give the reader an understanding of why the decision in
Sentence B was made.
A. "This has forced India to match the Chinese deployment, leading to an extraordinary
build-up on a scale not seen since 1962."
 The word "This" refers to China's actions described in Sentence D. So, A should follow
D.
C. "The new agreement of September 21, at the sixth round of Corps Commander talks
since June, will put a stop to this build-up, that is, if it is implemented sincerely."
This sentence talks about a new agreement that aims to stop the build-up
mentioned in Sentence A. Thus, C follows A.
16. D) 'Moderate' use "moderate" र
Sentence र प र , प
र , ए 'moderate' 'Outgoing' र ,
'Prejudiced' प प , और 'Uncontrolled' , context

 Moderate' should be used because it means keeping something balanced or within

limits. The sentence advises that if you are planning to lose weight, it is essential to
keep your snacking moderate, making this option appropriate. Whereas, 'Outgoing'
means extroverted or moving outwards, 'Prejudiced' means biased, and
'Uncontrolled' means not being under control, which don't fit in this context.
17. A) acbd
 Start with a, as it sets the stage for the upcoming Assembly election.

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 Followed by c, because it elaborates on the challenges and dynamics of the upcoming

battle (election).
 b should come next, as it provides a contrast to the BJP's previous position to its
current one, mentioned in sentence d.
 Finally, d provides an in-depth look at the current political alignments and the BJP's
transformation.
18. B) R and P
 R provides a Time Sequence comparison to an attack in 2018 which serves as
context to the severity of the recent attack mentioned in S1.
 P provides the Noun-Pronoun Relationship with S4. In S4, the "IS" (Islamic State) is
mentioned with their actions against Shias. Option P directly links the IS to the
recent attack, establishing a direct connection.
19. C) QRSP
 Sentence Q talks about the massacre that took place in a border village in Burkina
Faso and the threat the Sahel region faces. This is the primary event or trigger point
which initiates the paragraph and sets the context.
 Sentence R provides additional information about the massacre mentioned in
Sentence Q by discussing the responsibility of the attack, which is referred to by the
Burkinabe authorities. This is a direct follow-up to Q and therefore should come
after it.
 Sentence S gives an overview of the security situation in Burkina Faso, which has
been deteriorating since 2015, especially along the borders with Niger and Mali.
This provides the context for the specific event mentioned in Q and R and offers a
broader look at the regional issues.
 Finally, Sentence P broadens the focus to the Sahel region and how terrorism has
expanded there. This offers a broader context, thus wrapping up the information
and connecting the specific event to the larger region's issues
20. B) To smell a rat (idiom) – To have reason to suspect र र
21. A) Defused (verb) – To make a situation less tense or dangerous, to reduce the danger
or tension in. र र
Synonym: Mitigated (verb) – Make less severe, serious, or painful. र
 Mediated (verb) – Intervene between people in a dispute to bring about an
agreement. र
 Activated (verb) – Set in motion or trigger into action. र
 Narrated (verb) – Give a spoken or written account of. ई
22. A) DBAC

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 In his speech to the UN Security Council (UNSC) marking 20 years since the
resolutions that announced a global commitment to the war against terror after
the U.S. 9/11 attacks, External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar made a pitch for
greater coordination between counter-terrorism agencies worldwide.
 B. He highlighted the necessity to streamline the process of the UN’s top body in
designating terrorists while strengthening coordination in the agencies that check
their financial resources.
 First, the world must acknowledge that terrorist organisations use not only
extortion and money laundering, drugs and wildlife trafficking to raise funds, but,
in the present and future, will use loopholes in digital security and the
“anonymity” provided by block chain technology to access finances.
 Second, in a clear reference to Pakistan, he spoke of the need to link actions
between the UN and the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), and for countries that
“wilfully provide financial assistance and safe havens” as well as “5 star”
treatment to criminals and terrorists, to be held to account by them.
23. A) 'Check' use "check" र र sentence
mention ई र र , ए 'check'
'Cheque' ए र प , 'Chalk' , और 'Czech' ए
, context
 'Check' should be used because it means to stop or control. The sentence mentions
that efforts were made to control the disease, making 'check' fitting here. Whereas,
'Cheque' refers to a type of banking note, 'Chalk' means a white soft limestone
substance, and 'Czech' is the name of a country, which don't fit in this context.
24. B) The correct option is B. 'No error'. The word 'erroneous' is spelled correctly in the
given sentence. It means “wrong or incorrect” .
25. D) He said, “I’m going for shopping. May I get you anything?”
26. C) The passenger asks the railway clerk if the train is late.
27. B) At an arm’s length (phrase) – At a distance र पर
28. A) Graduation was being completed by Rick last year.
29. A) The baby is loved by the mother.
30. B) 'Wreaking havoc' use "wreaking havoc" र र
प र र र Passage mention
Nipah र र Kozhikode र , ए 'wreaking havoc'

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'Put to rest', 'walk a tightrope' और 'below par' context

situation
 'Wreaking havoc' should be used because it means causing a large amount of
damage or harm. The passage mentions that the Nipah virus is spreading again in
Kozhikode, making 'wreaking havoc' appropriate. 'Put to rest', 'walk a tightrope', and
'below par' are not correct in this context as their meanings do not align with the
situation described in the passage.
31. D) 'Reservoir' use context र र
प और 'Reservoir' ए र र
पर 'Spreadable' ,
'Convention' परपर , और 'Diffusion' र,
context
 'Reservoir' should be used because it refers to the source or host of a pathogen,
including viruses, which is relevant in this context where the source of the Nipah
virus is being discussed. On the other hand, 'Spreadable' pertains to the capability of
something to be spread, 'Convention' refers to a custom or rule, and 'Diffusion'
means the spreading out, which do not fit appropriately in this context.
32. A) 'Have' sentence "disturbing memories" प र ,
ए plural subject , और 'have' plural subjects use 'Has'
singular subjects ए , 'is' grammatically incorrect और 'was' past tense
use
 'Have' should be used because the sentence is referring to "disturbing memories"
resurfacing, which is a plural subject, and 'have' is used with plural subjects. 'Has' is
for singular subjects, 'is' is grammatically incorrect here, and 'was' is in the past
tense, which doesn’t fit in this context
33. C) Setting' use context र प ,
ई प और supportive care ए प ,
प setting 'Setting' पर प पर र
'Surveillance' र , 'Monitoring' र र और
'Shield' र , context
 Setting' should be used because in this context, the discussion is about the
treatment of Nipah infection, where there is still no concrete remedy and supportive

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care remains the only option, regardless of the hospital setting. 'Setting' here
denotes the environment of the hospital. 'A. Surveillance' and 'B. Monitoring' both
mean observation or keeping an eye, and 'D. Shield' means a protective barrier,
which don’t fit in this context.
34. C) To enhance road safety by informing car buyers about the safety of vehicles.
The passage mentions that the Bharat New Car Assessment Programme (NCAP) is a
safety rating system designed to enhance road safety in India. By assessing and rating
the safety parameters of cars, it allows buyers to make informed decisions based on the
safety of the vehicles. There's no indication in the passage that the primary purpose is to
increase prices, solely compete with other countries' systems, or ensure all cars are
exported.
35. D) To cut by 50 per cent the number of global deaths and injuries due to road
accidents.
The passage explicitly states that the goal of the Brasilia Declaration, to which India is a
signatory, is "to cut by 50 per cent the number of global deaths (1.3 million annually)
and injuries due to road accidents by 2030." The other options either exaggerate or
underestimate the objectives or introduce unrelated goals
36. B) The adherence to traffic norms.
The passage mentions that car safety measures would not be very effective in India if
they are not paired with a strict adherence to traffic norms. This is emphasized by
pointing out that one of the leading causes of road mishaps is the violation of lane
driving and speed limits. The teaching to children is about the "importance of safe
driving," not specifically about the age at which they learn. Thus, the adherence to
traffic norms stands out as a crucial aspect to ensure car safety in the context of this
passage.
37. C.) Optimistic
The passage praises the Bharat New Car Assessment Programme (NCAP) as a "welcome
initiative" and discusses its potential benefits for the country in enhancing road safety. It
talks about the opportunity for car makers to get their vehicles assessed and the
prospects of Indian cars with good safety grades in the international market. Although it
underscores the need for adhering to traffic norms, the general tone throughout the
passage remains positive and optimistic about the future of road safety in India.
38. D) Both the hope and apprehensions surrounding BRICS are exaggerated when
compared to its actual impact and decisions.
The passage suggests that both the optimism from the Global South and the concerns
from the West about BRICS changing the global order might be overstated. The
evidence for this can be seen in the mention that all the excitement about a common

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BRICS currency merely resulted in statements about trading in national currencies that
are still benchmarked against the US dollar.
39. C. BRICS is evolving as a symbol of strategic autonomy against western pressures.
The passage provides evidence that BRICS is growing in its attractiveness and influence,
with many countries wanting to join to showcase their strategic autonomy and resist
western pressures. The claim that 22 countries applied for membership and the decision
to include six new countries as members substantiates this point. Options A, B, D are
either not mentioned in the passage or are contrary to the passage.
40. B) While the expansion of BRICS may seem like a win for certain countries, it could
make the group less efficient due to difficulty in forming a coherent agenda among its
diverse members.
The passage emphasizes that the expansion of BRICS, while perceived by many as a
triumph for countries like China and Russia, actually presents challenges. Specifically,
the passage mentions that the "larger membership will make it harder to produce a
purposeful common agenda." It further alludes to the complexities of managing a
diverse group of countries. Option 2 captures this sentiment accurately. The other
options either provide a misinterpretation of the text or focus on minor points rather
than the central argument.
41. B) Critical
The passage frequently makes observations that show skepticism or reservations about
the purpose, efficacy, and direction of BRICS. Phrases like "It’s a forum in search of
coherence", "Both the hope and the fear appear misplaced", and "it could well turn into
a sack of potatoes that is impossible to turn into a sharp geopolitical instrument"
contribute to a tone that is critical of BRICS.
42. B) The narrator experienced a moment of introspection and felt guilty after stealing
Anil’s money. He imagined Anil's sad face due to the betrayal and began to value
respect and trust over stealing.
43. C) Anil handed the narrator a wet 50-rupee note the next morning, indicating that he
was aware of the theft but chose understanding and forgiveness over anger, without
confronting the narrator directly.
44. D) The passage states that the narrator found Anil's occupation of writing for magazines
odd. There is no indication that he admired or was indifferent to it, and he observed
that Anil's income was unpredictable.
45. B) The narrator justified the thought of robbing Anil because he felt that Anil would
waste the money anyway and that he was never really paid for his services. So, option B
where he felt entitled to the money as he hadn’t been paid is correct.

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Vocabulary: Passage 01
1. Push (noun) – Impulse, momentum, 13. Bag (verb) – Secure, acquire, obtain,
shove, thrust, impetus clinch, grab र

2. Enhance (verb) – Improve, augment, 14. Point to (phrasal verb) – Indicate,

boost, amplify, elevate र suggest, denote, imply र

3. Spur (verb) – Stimulate, incite, prompt, 15. Emphasise (verb) – Stress, underline,
motivate, encourage र र highlight, accentuate, point out

4. Evaluation (noun) – Appraisal, 16. Account for (phrasal verb) – Comprise,

assessment, examination, review, make up, total, represent, constitute,
analysis

5. Parameter (noun) – Criterion, standard, 17. Claim (verb) – Take the lives
measure, guideline, factor प ( )
6. Assessment (noun) – Estimation, 18. Vital (adjective) – Essential, crucial,
judgment, evaluation, appraisal, analysis
critical, key, fundamental प

19. Signatory (noun) – Endorser, subscriber,

7. In turn (phrase) – Consequently,
supporter, participant र
subsequently, as a result, in sequence,
sequentially 20. Amount to (phrasal verb) – Equal, be
equivalent to, come to, add up to
8. Enable (verb) – Empower, allow,
facilitate, authorize, permit र

9. Informed choice (noun) – Educated 21. Complement (verb) – Accompany,

decision, knowledgeable selection, well- complete, enhance, match, go with पर
considered decision

10. Propel (verb) – Drive, thrust, push,

22. Rigorous (adjective) – Strict, stringent,
prompt, move forward र र
tight, severe र
11. Pull up one’s sock (phrase) – Improve, do
23. Adherence (to) (noun) – Compliance,
better, make an effort, get one's act
observance, following, abidance by प
together र र
24. Norm (noun) – Standard, rule, guideline,
12. Brighten (verb) – Improve, enhance,
criterion, measure
revitalize, make better र

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25. Mishap (noun) – Accident, misfortune, 28. Violation (noun) – Breach, infringement,
disaster, tragedy transgression, contravention

26. Resultant (adjective) – Emerging, 29. Etch (in) (verb) – (of an experience,
consequent, stemming, ensuing image, etc.) be permanently fixed in
पर प someone's memory. र

27. Blatant (adjective) – Obvious, overt,

undisguised, flagrant प

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Vocabulary: Passage 02
1. BRICS (noun) – BRICS, originally named
BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China), is an
acronym for the regional economies of
Brazil, Russia, India and China, which in
2010 had included the letter S for South
Africa. The original acronym "BRIC" (or
"the BRICs") was coined in 2001 by
Goldman Sachs economist Jim O'Neill,
who created the term to describe fast-
growing economies that would
collectively dominate the global economy
by 2050.
2. Uncharted waters (phrase) – a situation
that is not well known and may be
dangerous
3. Symbolism (noun) – the use of symbols to
represent things
4. Significance (noun) – Importance, impact,
substance, consequence, weight
10. Resentment (noun) – Bitterness,
indignation, animosity, irritation
11. Lead (to) (verb) – Result in, cause, bring
about, give rise to
12. The West (noun) – Countries, primarily in
the Western hemisphere, often referring
to Western Europe and North America
प
13. Upend (verb) – Upset, overturn, flip over,
turn turtle
14. Misplaced (adjective) – Misguided,
inappropriate, misdirected, inappropriate,
erroneous
15. Hype (noun) – Overpromotion,
exaggeration, publicity, propaganda
र

5. On the eve of (phrase) – the period or day 16. Tame (adjective) – Bland, dull, insipid,
before an important event प boring, tedious, languid र /

6. Conclude (verb) – To bring to an end; 17. Peg (verb) – Fix, set, secure, establish,
finish; terminate; determine र र

7. Summit (noun) – Conference, meeting, 18. Demonstrate (verb) – Show, indicate,

high-level meeting र reveal, display

8. The Global South (noun) – The term used 19. Strategic autonomy (noun) – The ability
for countries which are in the southern of a state to pursue its own national
part of the world, mostly developing interests and adopt its own strategies
nations without being influenced by external
powers
9. Address (verb) – Deal with, tackle, handle,
confront प 20. Autonomy (noun) – Independence, self-
governance, self-rule

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21. Stand up to (phrase) – confront, face, 34. Agenda (noun) – Schedule, program,
resist, withstand र itinerary, plan

22. Clamour (noun) – Uproar, outcry, 35. Laundry list (noun) – Detailed list,
commotion, agitation, protest exhaustive list, long list

23. Intense (adjective) – Extreme, strong, 36. Run into (phrasal verb) – Reach, extend
powerful to, be as high/as much

24. Expansion (noun) – Enlargement, growth, 37. Para (noun) – A paragraph in a text.

extension र

25. Norm (noun) – Standard, rule, convention 38. Diverse (adjective) – Varied, different,
distinct, assorted

26. Widespread (adjective) – Common, 39. Decade (noun) – Period of ten years
prevalent, extensive, pervasive,
40. Multipolar (adjective) – Having multiple
ubiquitous प
centers of power or influence.
27. Triumph (noun) – Victory, success,
41. Given (preposition) – Considering, taking
conquest, achievement, win
into account, in view of ए
28. Counter (noun) – Opposite, contrary,
42. Differences (noun) – Disparities,
opposing force, antithesis र
variations, dissimilarities, distinctions
29. Setback (noun) – Obstacle, hindrance,
impediment, complication, difficulty
43. A sack of potatoes (phrase) – used in
30. Misreading (noun) – Misinterpretation, comparisons to refer to the clumsiness,
inertness, or unceremonious treatment of
misunderstanding, mistake, error
the person or thing in question.

31. Bargaining (noun) – Negotiation, haggling,

44. Geopolitical (adjective) – Relating to
dealing, dialogue -
politics influenced by geographical factors
32. Admit (verb) – Permit, allow in, let in, -र
welcome, give access र
45. Ties (noun) – Bonds, connections, links,
33. Efficient (adjective) – Effective, relationships
competent, capable, productive,
proficient

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46. Unlikely (adjective) – Improbable, 49. Recognition (noun) – Acknowledgment,

doubtful, implausible, unanticipated acceptance, validation, identification
,प

47. Toe the someone line (phrase) – Follow 50. Prolonged (adjective) – Extended,
someone's directives or standards, protracted, drawn-out, long-lasting
conform to प र

48. Meanwhile (adverb) – In the meantime, 51. Neglect (noun) – Disregard, omission,
simultaneously, concurrently negligence, oversight प

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