Chemical Reactions and

Equations
TOP 25 QUESTIONS
-by Prashant Bhaiya

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Sodium reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
The balanced equation which represents the above reaction is
a) Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + 2H2(g)
b) 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) +H2(g)
c) 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → NaOH(aq) + 2H2(g)
d) 2Na(s) + H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + 2H2(g)

2. Assertion (A) : Following is a balanced chemical equation for the action

of steam on iron :
3Fe + 4H20 → Fe3O4 + 4H2
Reason (R): The law of conservation of mass holds good for a chemical
equation.
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
assertion (A).
b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
the assertion (A).
c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

3. When aqueous solutions of potassium iodide and lead nitrate are mixed,
an insoluble substance separates out. The chemical equation for the
reaction involved is
a) KI + PbNO3 → PbI + KNO3
b) 2KI +Pb(NO3)2 → PbI2 + 2KNO3
c) KI + P(NO3)2 → PbI+ KNO3
d) KI + PbNO3 → PbI2 + KNO3
4. A metal ribbon ‘X’ burns in oxygen with a dazzling white flame forming a
white ash ‘Y’ The correct description of X, Y and the type of reaction is
a) X= Ca; Y= CaO;
Type of reaction = Decomposition
b) X= Mg; Y = MgO;
Type of reaction = Combination
c) X = AI; Y = Al2O3;
Type of reaction = Thermal decomposition
d) X=Zn; Y= ZnO;
Type of reaction = Endothermic

5. The balanced chemical equation showing reaction between quick lime

and water is
a) 2Ca0 + H2O → 2CaOH + H2 + Heat
b) CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2 + Heat
c) CaO+H2O → Ca(OH)2 + Heat
d) 2Ca0 + 3H20 → 2Ca(OH)3 + 02 + Heat

6. Study the following chemical reaction:

2N3(s) + 2H20(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)↑
The reducing agent in this reaction is
a) Na
b) H2O
c) NaOH
d) H2

7. Assertion (A): In the following reaction

ZnO + C → Zn + CO
ZnO undergoes reduction.
Reason (R): Carbon is a reducing agent that reduces ZnO to Zn.
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of the Assertion (A)
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of the Assertion (A)
c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
8. Which of the following statement about the reaction given below are
correct?
MnO2 + 4HCI → MnCl2 + 2H20 + CI2
(i) HCI is oxidized to Cl2-
(ii) MnO2 is reduced to MnCl2-
(iii) MnCl2 acts as an oxidizing agent
(iv) HCI acts as an oxidizing agent
a) (ii), (ii) and (iv)
b) (i), (ii) and (iii)
c) (i) and (ii) only
d) (iii) and (iv) only

9. A student took sodium sulphate solution in a test tube and added

barium chloride solution to it. He observed that an insoluble substance
has formed. The colour and molecular formula of the insoluble substance
is
a) grey, Ba2S04
b) yellow, Ba(S04)2
(c) white, Bas04
(d) pink, BaSO4

10. When lead nitrate powder is heated in boiling tube, we observe

a) brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide
b)Brown fumes of lead oxide
c) Yellow fumes of nitrogen dioxide
d) Brown fumes of nitric oxide

11.When hydrogen sulphide gas is passed through a blue solution of

copper sulphate, a black precipitate of copper sulphide is obtained and
the sulphuric acid so formed remains in the solution. The reaction is an
example of a
a) combination reaction
b) displacement reaction
c) decomposition reaction
d) double displacement reaction
12. Which one of the following reactions is categorized as thermal
decomposition reaction?
a) 2H2O(l) → 2H2(l) + 02(g)
b) 2AgBr(s) → 2Ag(s) + Br2(g)
c) 2AgCl(s) → 2Ag(s) + Cl2(g)
d) CaCO3(g) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)

13. Assertion (A) : Silver salts are used in black and white photography.
Reason (R): Silver salts do not decompose in the presence of light.
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

14. Calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to produce slaked lime.
CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(aq)
This reaction can be classified as
(A) combination reaction
(B) exothermic reaction
(C) endothermic reaction
(D) oxidation reaction.
Which of the following is a correct option?
a) (A)and (C)
b) (C) and (D)
c) (A), (C) and (D)
d) (A) and (B)

15. Copper utensils slowly lose their shiny brown surface and gain a green
coat on prolonged exposure to atmospheric air. This is due to the
formation of a coating of
a) copper sulphate
b) copper carbonate
c) cupric oxide
d) cuprous oxide.
SHORT AND LONG QUESTIONS
16. Balance the following chemical equations.
(a) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + HCl
(b) Ca(OH)2 + HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + H2O
(c) Pb(NO3)2 → PbO + NO2 + O2
(d)MnO2 +HCl → MnCl2 +H2O+Cl2

17. A zinc plate was put into a solution of copper sulphate kept in a glass
container. It was found that blue colour of the solution gets fader and
fader with the passage of time. After few days, when zinc plate was taken
out of the solution, a number of holes were observed on it.
(i) State the reason for changes observed on the zinc plate.
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved.

18. You might have noted that when copper powder is heated in a china
dish, the surface of copper powder becomes coated with a black colour
substance.
(i) How has this black coloured substance formed?
(ii) What is that black substance?
(iii) Write the chemical equation of the reaction that takes place.

19. Name the reducing agent in the following reaction:

3MnO2 + 4Al → 3Mn + 2Al2O3
State which is more reactive, Mn or Al and why?

20. What is the colour of ferrous sulphate crystals? How does this colour
change after heating? Answer

21. Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron
nail is dipped in it? Write two observations.

22. What is rancidity? Mention any two ways by which rancidity can be
prevented.
COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS
23. Take about 2 g ferrous sulphate crystals in a dry boiling tube. Heat the
boiling tube over the flame of a burner or spirit lamp. In this reaction you
can observe that a single reactant breaks down to give simpler products.
This is a decomposition reaction. Ferrous sulphate crystals (FeSO4, 7H2O)
lose water when heated and the colour of the crystals changes. It then
decomposes to ferric oxide (Fe2O3), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and sulphur
trioxide (SO3). Ferric oxide is a solid, while SO2 and SO3 are gases.

1.What can we observe in this activity?

A. Water vapor is evolved
B. Change in colour
C. Smell of burning sulphur
D. All of the above.

2.What is the colour of iron oxide?

A.Brown
B.Grey
C.Yellow
D.White

3.What compound is formed when sulphur dioxide is passed through

water?
A.Sulphuric acid
B.Sulphurous acid
C.Hydrogen Sulphide
D.Sulphur trioxide
24. Read the following and answer the questions:
The double displacement reaction is a type of chemical reaction. where
two compounds react and the cation and anion of the two reactants 6
places forming 2 new products. The ionic compounds considered as
reactants are water soluble. One of the products is formed as a precipitate
or as a gas which is water soluble.
1. The reaction between lead nitrate and potassium iodide is an example of:
A) Combination reaction
B) Decomposition Reaction
C) Displacement reaction
D) Double displacement reaction.

2.What was the color of the precipitate formed when Lead nitrate reacts
with Potassium iodide ?
A) Blue
B) Red
C) Yellow
D) Orange

3. Which metallic spoon can be used to stir Lead nitrate solution ?

A)Sodium
B)Silver
C) Iron
D) Aluminum

25. We have observed that iron articles are shiny when new, but get
coated with a reddish brown powder when left for some time. This process
is commonly known as rusting of iron. Some other metals also get
tarnished in this manner. Have you noticed the colour of the coating
formed on copper and silver? When a metal is attacked by substances
around it such as moisture, acids, etc., it is said to corrode and this
process is called corrosion.
1.The chemical formula of rust is
A) Fe2O3
B) Fe3O4
C) Fe2O3 XH2O
D) Fe3O4. XH2O
2. Which of the following metal is highly corrosive ?
A) Zinc
B) Aluminum
C) Gold
D) Silver

3. If a metal under goes uniform corrosion it becomes

A) Thicker
B) Perforated
C) Thinner
D) None of the above
 SOLUTIONS:
1. The balanced equation is
(b) 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) +H2(g)

2. (a) A balanced chemical equations must obey the law of conservation of

mass.

3. (b) 2KI +Pb(NO3)2 → PbI2 ↓ + 2KNO3

(yellow ppt)

4. (b) Magnesium metal, Mg(X) burns in oxygen with a dazzling white flame
forming a whit ash, MgO(Y)
2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
This type of reaction is combination reaction.

5. (c)Quick lime reacts vigorously with water to produce calcium hydroxide

(slaked lime) and release a large amount of heat (exothermic reaction).
CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2 (aq) + heat
(quick lime) (slaked lime)

6. Oxidation
(a) 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2
Reduction
Here, Na is oxidised to NaOH and H2O is reduced to H2. Na reacts as a
reducing agent and H2O acts an oxidising agent.

7. The reaction in which Oxygen is added or hydrogen is removed or loss of

electrons takes place is called an oxidation reaction.
In the reaction,
Reduction
(a) 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2
Oxidation
8. (c) Reduced
MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
Oxidised
As hydrogen is removed from HCl to give Cl2, HCl is being oxidised whereas
oxygen is removed from MnO2 to give MnCl2, hence MnO2 is reduced. Here
MnO2 acts as an oxidising agent and HCl acts as a reducing agent.

9. (c) The reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride is an

example of double displacement reaction or precipitation reaction in which
white ppt. of BaSO4 is obtained,
Na2SO4 + BaCl2 → 2NaCl + BaSO4↓
(white ppt)

10. (a) When lead nitrate is heated in a boiling tube, brown fumes of
nitrogen dioxide are found to evolve and a yellow residue of lead oxide is
left behind in the test tube.
Δ
2Pb(NO3)2(s) --→ 2PbO(s) + 4 NO2(g) + O2(g)
(white) (yellow (brown
residue) fumes)

11. (d) CuSO4 + H2S → CuS + H2SO4

It is a double displacement reaction as in this reaction CuSO4 and H2S are
reacting by exchange of Cu2+ and H+ ions to form two new compounds i.e.,
CuS and H2SO4.

12. (d)
a) 2H2O(l) → 2H2(l) + 02(g)
b) 2AgBr(s) → 2Ag(s) + Br2(g)
c) 2AgCl(s) → 2Ag(s) + Cl2(g)
d) CaCO3(g) → CaO(s) + CO2(g) - Thermal Decomposition

13.(c) Silver salts are used in black and white photography and they
decompose in presence of sunlight.
sunlight
2AgCl(s) --------→ 2Ag(s) + Cl2(g)

14. (d) The reaction between CaO and HO to form Ca(OH)2 is an exothermic
and combination reaction.
15. (b) 2Cu(s) + CO2(g) + O2(g) + H2O(l) → CuCO3.Cu(OH)2
Moisture Basic copper carbonate (green)
Air

16. (a) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl

(b) Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O
(c) 2Pb(NO3)2 → 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2
(d) MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2

17. (i) It is because zinc has displaced copper from CuS04. Zinc metal has
been used to form zinc sulphate, therefore, number of holes were
observed.
(ii) Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) +Cu(s)
Blue colourless

18. (i) Copper reacts with oxygen to form copper oxide which is black, i.e.
oxidation of copper takes place.
(ii) Copper oxide
(iii) 2Cu(s) + O2(g) → 2CuO(s)

19. ‘Al’ is reducing agent. ‘Al’ is more reactive than Mn v ‘Al’ displaces Mn
from its oxide.

20. The colour of ferrous sulphate is pale green. The colour changes to
reddish brown on heating due to formation of iron (III) oxide.
Give an example each for thermal decomposition and photochemical
decomposition reactions.
Write relevant balanced chemical equations also.
Thermal decomposition reaction:
Heat
CuCO3 (s) -----→ CuO(s) + CO2(g)
(green) (black)
Photochemical decomposition reaction:
Sunlight
2AgCl(s) -------→ 2Ag(s) + Cl2(g)
21. It is because displacement reaction takes place. Iron displaces copper
from copper sulphate solution and forms pale green coloured solution of
FeS04 and reddish brown copper metal gets deposited.
Fe(s) + CuS04(aq) ——–> FeS04(aq) + Cu(s)

22.The process in which taste and smell of food gets spoiled is called
rancidity. It happens due to oxidation. Prevention from rancidity: (i)
Antioxidants are added to fatty acids to prevent oxidation, e.g. chips are
packed in presence of nitrogen gas which prevents spoilage by oxidation.
(ii)Food should be kept in airtight container in refrigerator.

23. 1.D
2.A
3.C

24. 1.D
2.C
3.B

25. 1.C
2.B
3.C