PTU Final Exam

Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 - ANS purity, strength, and safety

Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 - ANS forbade the manufacture or transport or sale of
mislabeled or adulterated food or drugs and poisonous patent medicines.

Durham-Humphrey Amendment of 1951 - ANS • Created a distinction between "OTC" and

"Legend Drugs".

Patient Package Insert (PPI) - ANS Manufacturer's patient product information included with
the product package.

Hatch-Waxman Act of 1984 - ANS promoted the manufacturing of generic drugs and new
medications

MedGuides - ANS FDA-approved documents created to educate patients about how to

minimize harm from potentially dangerous drugs

Class I recall - ANS Serious adverse effects on health or death

Class II recall - ANS temporary or reversible adverse effects

Class III recall - ANS Unlikely to cause adverse health consequences

Market Withdrawal - ANS permanent removal from the market, drug is harmful of unapproved

pharmacological alternative - ANS same active ingredient, different dosage form/strength

therapeutic alternative - ANS different active ingredient, same drug class

DAW 0 - ANS no preference, OK to substitute

DAW 1 - ANS substitution not allowed by prescriber

DAW 2 - ANS substitution allowed, patient requested specific product

DAW 7 - ANS substitution not allowed; brand mandated by law

DAW 8 - ANS Substitution allowed; generic drug not available in marketplace

DAW 3 - ANS Substitution allowed; pharmacist-selected product dispensed

DAW 4 - ANS Substitution allowed - generic drug not in stock

DAW 5 - ANS Substitution allowed - brand drug dispensed as generic

DAW 6 - ANS override

DAW 9 - ANS Other. Reserved and currently not in use.

Fentanyl - ANS CII

duragesic, actiq, abstral, lazanda, fentora

Hydromorphone - ANS CII

diludad

Hydrocodone - ANS CII

lortab, vicodin, norco, tussionex, vicoprofen

Meperidine - ANS CII

demerol

Oxycodone/APAP - ANS CII

perocet

Metadone - ANS CII

dolophine

Oxycodone - ANS CII

oxycontin

Morphine Sulfate - ANS CII

MS contin, oramorph, kadian, avaniza

Adderall - ANS CII

amphetamine
stimulant

Vyvanse - ANS CII

lisdexamfetamine
stimulant

Dexedrine - ANS CII

dextroamphetamine
stimulant

Methylphenidate - ANS CII

concerta, ritalin, methylin, daytrana, metadate, quillivant
stimulant

Focalin - ANS CII

dexmethylphenidate
stimulant

Subutex - ANS CIII

Buprenorphine

Fiorinal - ANS CIII

butalbital/aspirin/caffeine

Testosterone - ANS CIII

androgel, androderm, depo-testosterone

Suboxene - ANS CIII

buprenorphine/naloxene

Tylenol #3 - ANS CIII

acetominophen/codeine

Phentermine - ANS CIV

adipex-P

Alprazolam - ANS CIV

xanax

Clonazepam - ANS CIV

klonopin

Lorazepam - ANS CIV

ativan

Carisoprodol - ANS CIV

soma

Triazolam - ANS CIV

halcion

Temazepam - ANS CIV

restoril

Diazepam - ANS CIV

valium

Modafil - ANS CIV

provigil

Zolpidem - ANS CIV

ambien

Tramadol - ANS CIV

ultram

Phenobarital - ANS CIV

luminal

Codiene combination products - ANS CV

no more than 200 mg/100 mL
phenergan, robitussin AC

Diphenoxylate combination product - ANS CV

no more than 25 mg, no less than 25 mcg of atropine
lomotil

Pregabalin - ANS CV
lyrica

Locasamide - ANS CV
vimpat

DEA # verification - ANS add 1st, 3rd, 5th digits= sum of 1

add 2nd, 4th, 6th digits, then multiply by 2= sum 2
sum 1 + sum 2= verification number
last digit must match last number of DEA #

REMS program - ANS transmucosal fentanyl, abstral, actiq, fentora, lazanda, subsys

au - ANS both ears

ad - ANS right ear

as - ANS left ear

ou - ANS both eyes

od - ANS right eye

os - ANS left eye

1 mL - ANS 20 drops

Markup Percentage - ANS markup/cost x 100

Excipients - ANS inactive substances used as a carrier for the active ingredients of a
medication

Buccal tablet - ANS dissolve slowly in buccal pouch, work quickly

fentanyl

ODT - ANS orally disintegrating tablet

on top of tongue
Zofran

Effervescent - ANS dissolve in water first

lots of sodium

Lozenge (troche) - ANS meant to be dissolved slowly in the mouth and generally have a local
effect

Elixirs - ANS clear, sweetened, hydro-alcoholic liquids intended for oral use

Syrups - ANS drugs dissolved in a solution of sugar & water & then flavored

Spirits - ANS alcoholic (65%) or hydroalcoholic solutions of volatile substances

Tinctures - ANS alcoholic from vegetable extract and temps

Fluid Extracts - ANS contain alcohol as solvent

Ointments - ANS oil based, greasy

good for areas that need protection
good for fry scaly areas
(bactroban, zovirax, protopic)

Creams - ANS water and oil

better absorbed
less greasy
(aldara, elidel, lotrimin)

Lotions - ANS contain more water

evaporate rapidly
good for hairy areas
(lindane, ovide)

Gels - ANS similar to suspension

apply evenly, dry quickly
(voltaren, differin, retin-A)

Collidon - ANS highly flammable

dries as flexible film
dissolved in alcohol and ether

Liniments - ANS balms

applied externally
rubbed with friction
muscle pain

Pastes - ANS thick

not well absorbed
protective layer

Transdermal patches - ANS reservoir: contained in liquid reservoir in patch

matrix: built into solid layer

hypotonic solutions - ANS saline

hypertonic solutions - ANS 10% Dextrose in Water, 3% Saline, 5% Dextrose in 0.45% Saline,
5% Dextrose in 0.9% Saline.

isotonic solutions - ANS sodium chloride, dextrose in water, Ringers

IM needle length - ANS adult: 5/8 to 1.5

kids: 5/8 to 1.25

SQ needle length - ANS adult: 5/16 to 5/8

kids: 3/16 to 5/16

HMO - ANS providers assume risk

Room temperature - ANS 15-30 C

59-86 F
Refrigerator temperature - ANS 2-8 C
36-46 F

Frozen temperature - ANS -25--10 C

-13--14 F

Pharmacodynamics - ANS what the drug does to the body

Pharmacokinetics - ANS what the body does to the drug

Agonist - ANS stimulates a response

Antagonist - ANS blocks body from doing action

Antibiotics - ANS Drugs that block the growth and reproduction of bacteria
Common side effects: diarrhea and yeast infections

Beta-lactams - ANS penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems

Penicillin - ANS V: oral

G: IV
Amox: oral
Ampicillin: oral and injection

Augmentin - ANS amoxicillin/clavulanate

Cephalosporins - ANS inhibit cell wall synthesis

Keflex - ANS antibiotic

cephalexin

Ceftin - ANS antibiotic

cefuroxime

Omnicef - ANS antibiotic

cefdinir

Carbapenems and monobactams - ANS Drugs in these 2 classes are given only parenterally

Meropenem - ANS Merrem (Carbapenem)

Etrapenem - ANS Invanz

Pirimaxin - ANS Imipem/cilastifan

Macrolides - ANS STDs, acne, eye infection, respiratory

downfall drug interactions and tolerable

Azithromycin - ANS Zithromax

Clarithromycin - ANS Biaxin

Sulfonamides - ANS contain "sulfa" group= hypersensitive reactions

TMP/SMX - ANS trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Tetracyclines - ANS side effects in kids (tooth discoloration, stunt growth)

no pregnant women
can't take with dairy, iron, aluminum, calcium, and magnesium

Tetracyline - ANS TCN

Monocycline - ANS Minocin

Doxycycline - ANS Vibramycin

Aminoglycosides - ANS for severe infection

BUN and Scr test

Tobradex - ANS tobramycin/dexamethasone

Gentamicin - ANS Gentak

Dexamethasone - ANS Decadron

Fluoroquinolones - ANS can cause confusion, tendon rupture, heart rhythm problems, joint
pain in kids

Vigamox - ANS Moxifloxacin

Ciprodex - ANS ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone

Levofloxacin - ANS Levaquin

Moxifloxacin - ANS Avelox

Ciprofloxacin - ANS Cipro

Dexamethasone - ANS Decadron

Zyvox - ANS Linezolid

treats MRSA, MSSA, VRE

Vancomycin - ANS Vancocin

Clindamycin - ANS Cleocin

Flagyl - ANS Metronidazole

treats protozcal infections

Nitrofurantoin - ANS Macrobid

for UTI

Mupirocin - ANS Bactroban

for skin infections and impetigo

Antifungals - ANS when combined with corticosteroids help with itch and inflammation

Fluconazole - ANS Diflucan

Antifungal

Ketoconazole - ANS Nizoral

Antifungal

Nystatin - ANS Mycostatin

Antifungal

Triamcinolone - ANS Kenalog

Corticosteroid

Terbinafine - ANS Lamisil

Antifungal

Clotrimazole - ANS Lotrimin

Antifungal
oral thrush

Miconazole - ANS Monistat

Antifungal
yeast infection
Lotrisone - ANS Clotrimazole-Betamethasone
Antifungal

Mycolog II - ANS Nystatin/Triamcinolone

Antivirals Uses - ANS recurrent HSV, HIV infections

Valtrex - ANS Valacyclovir

Antiviral
herpes

Zovirax - ANS Acyclovir

antiviral
herpes
hard on kidneys

Valcyte - ANS Valganciclovir

antiviral

Famvir - ANS Famciclovir

Antiviral

Aldara - ANS imiquimod

antiviral

Abreva - ANS docosanol

antiviral

Tamiflu - ANS Oseltamivir

Antiviral

Amantadine - ANS Relenza

Antiviral

Ritonavir - ANS Norvir

Protease Inhibitor
HIV

Viread - ANS Tenofovir

Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
HIV

Sustiva - ANS Efavirenz

NNRTI
HIV

Selzentry - ANS Maraviroc

Entry Inhibitor
HIV

Raltegravir - ANS Isentress

Integrase Inhibitor
HIV

Live vaccinations - ANS Advantages: close to natural infection, strong antibodies, 1 or 2 doses
Disadvantages: possible to revert back, not suitable for everyone

Inactivated vaccines - ANS advantages: safe for all

disadvantages: booster/multiple doses needed

subunit vaccines - ANS disadvantage: weak immune response

Toxoid vaccines - ANS advantages: can't revert to toxic form

disadvantage: immune response weak

Flu vaccine - ANS egg allergy

Hepatitis B vaccine - ANS yeast allergy