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Which level of scientific understanding refers to observing the correlation between two
variables? - ANS hypothesis
Which level of scientific understanding refers to reliable change produced by change in the IV? -
ANS control
SCRD differs from group design in that the participant serves as their own - ANS control
Articles in which researchers report the findings of original research are - ANS primary
research
Articles in which the authors summarize the findings of other researchers are - ANS review
articles
Articles that report statistical analyses from existing research are - ANS meta analyses
Duration recording is a suitable data collection method for all of the following behaviors except -
ANS number of times a student engaged in physical aggression
Event recording is used to measure behaviors that - ANS have a clear beginning and end
do not occur at a frequency that is too high to count
are brief and temporary
Well-designed applied research studies should - ANS include systematic study of behaviors in
typical environments
The committee responsible for examining proposed studies to ensure human participant safety
and ethical compliance is the - ANS IRB
Respect for persons, beneficence, and justice are the ethical principles outlined in the - ANS
belmont report
The same level of risk a participant would encounter in daily life is - ANS minimal risk
Which of the following is not a function of a literature review? - ANS presenting a clear and
concise summary of the paper
the methods section of a research article - ANS provides a detailed operation description of
how the study was conducted
the five sections of a final report in order are - ANS abstract, introduction, method, results,
discussion
Which type of recording samples behavior occurrences and provides an estimate of the actual
occurrences of the behavior? - ANS discontinuous recording
When using MTS, occurrences of the target behavior are recorded if the behavior occurs - ANS
at the end of the interval
If observers do not agree on behavior occurrences when collecting data (low IOA), which
common problems could be present? - ANS observer bias, error, observer drift
Which type of validity refers to whether or not the measurement procedures accurately reflect
the target behavior being measured? - ANS construct validity
Which of the following is the best example of a non-reversible dependent variable? - ANS
reading sight words
Researchers can write non-examples of target behaviors in order to help increase - ANS
treatment integrity
Which type of IOA is calculated when researchers only look at intervals either or both observers
did NOT observe the target behavior? - ANS unscored-interval IOA
Which is a measurement of whether the intervention was conducted as intended? - ANS
treatment integrity
Measurement of procedural fidelity does all of the following except - ANS Helps cilnicians
avoid emphasizing "train and hope"
the degree to which procedures of all experimental conditions are implemented as intended is
known as - ANS procedural fidelity
Summative analysis of treatment procedural fidelity increases which type of validity? - ANS
Internal
Common ways to measure treatment integrity include - ANS checklists, self-reports, direct
systematic observation
A 5-year-old boy diagnosed with ASD started receiving ABA services. Which of the following is
NOT a stakeholder in the evaluation of social significance? - ANS His BCBA
When measuring social validity, which of the following are more subject to bias? - ANS
participant/stakeholder judgements
What type of evidence should procedural fidelity provide? - ANS adherence and differentiation
Teaching socially important goals does which of the following? - ANS teaches patients to
engage in behaviors valued by society
helps improve participant quality of life
helps improve quality of life of those who interact with participants
The null hypothesis states that - ANS any difference in the groups is due to chance
Results of group design yield - ANS a statistical relationship between the IV/DV
Researchers want to determine if sleep deprivation affects exam scores in college students. The
researchers plan to calculate a test statistic. Which would be a more appropriate study design -
ANS Group design
Measures of dispersion include which of the following (check all that apply): - ANS standard
deviation, variance, range
Steps of sampling include which of the following (check all that apply) - ANS defining the
population
determining the sample size needed (use power and effect size)
Which type of sampling error refers to a lack of true understanding of the population researchers
want to study? - ANS population error
Which type of sampling error refers to the wrong sub-population being used to select the
sample? - ANS selection error
Which statistical considerations are used to determine the sample size needed for a study? -
ANS power, effect size, rejection criteria
Critics of single case research design methodology argue that results cannot generalize outside
of the study due to - ANS too few participants
Replication is the ability to repeat the effect of which of the following - ANS dependent variable
Within-study direct replication includes all of the following EXCEPT - ANS treatment package
administration
The number of variables that change between studies will determine the extent of: - ANS
generality
Successful systematic replication leads to greater evidence of (check all that apply) - ANS
reliability, generality
Which type of replication is the repetition of an experiment by the same experimenter? - ANS
direct replication
Which type of replication involves conducting a series of studies and incorporating systematic
change? - ANS systematic replication
Purposes of replication involve which of the following (check all that apply): - ANS assessing
internal validity
finding exception
Which of the following is NOT a defining feature of SCRD? - ANS participants are split into a
control group and treatment group
How many replication attempts must SCRD contain in order to meet evidence standards? -
ANS three
Which of the following designs minimally meets the standards for demonstrating an intervention
effect? - ANS ABAB
How many data points should each phase in SCRD ideally include? - ANS 5
According to Horner et al. (2015), dependent variables are selected for their (check all that
apply): - ANS importance to the participant, importance to those who come in contact with the
participant, importance to society
As scientist practitioners, behavior analysts are responsible for (check all that apply): - ANS
actively reading the literature
Which of the following is used when describing results for group designs? - ANS statistical
significance
Which of the following is used when describing significant differences between baseline and
intervention conditions at the individual level? - ANS clinical significance
Applied research differs from basic research by all of the following EXCEPT: - ANS studying
participants' behavior within laboratory settings
When graphing data, the dependent variable is identified by which of the following? - ANS
ordinate
When graphing data, the independent variable is identified by which of the following? - ANS
abscissa
Which of the following are used to measure relative behavior change? - ANS semi-logarithmic
charts
When using bar graphs, the height of the bar indicate the _____________ of the data? - ANS
magnitude
When data are not collected continuously, what should be placed on the x-axis? - ANS scale
break
Condition change lines are dotted and used to indicate major changes within an experimental
condition - ANS false
Variations of line graphs include: - ANS multiple dimensions of the same behavior
An effective graph presents data (check all that apply - ANS without distortion
without bias
clearly
completely
accurately
a guess about what the data would show if there is no change in the experimental conditions -
ANS prediction
the data trend show the IV may have had an effect on the DV - ANS affirmation
the data trend show there is a cause-effect relation between the IV and DV at the simplest level
- ANS verification
the data trend repeats the effect that the IV has on the DV, increasing the researcher's
confidence that a functional relation exists between the IV and DV - ANS replication