Energy Auditing

20 EEO 03
Dr G SURESH BABU
Professor , Dept of EEE
gsureshbabu_eee@cbit.ac.in
9493411401
• V&M of the Institute & Department
• Pos/PEOs of the Program
• Cos of the Course
 Course objectives

1. To know the concept of Energy auditing

2. To understand the formulation of efficiency for various engineering
systems
3. To explore the different ways to design various technologies for
efficient engineering systems.
 Course Outcomes
After completion of this course, students will be able to:
1. Know the current energy scenario and importance of energy
auditing.
2. Understand the concepts of energy auditing.
3. Evaluate the performance of existing engineering systems
4. Explore the methods of improving energy efficiency in different
engineering systems
5. Design different energy efficient devices.
 Units at a glance
• Unit-1 Basics of Energy and its various forms

• Unit-2 Energy Auditing-1: Introduction

• Unit-3 Energy Auditing-2: For buildings

• Unit-4 Energy Efficient Technologies-I

• Unit-5 Energy Efficient Technologies-II :

 Unit-4:Energy Efficient Technologies-1:

• Energy Efficient Technology in Mechanical Engineering

✓ Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning[HVAC]

✓ Evaporative Coolers
 Unit-4:Energy Efficient Technologies-1:

▪ Air conditioners

✓ Portable AC
✓Central AC
✓Window AC
✓Split AC
 Energy Efficient Technologies-1:
❖ EnergyEfficientTechnology in Electrical Engineering:

• Electricity billing

• Power factor Improvement

• Regenerated Energy in Lifts and Escalators

 Energy Efficient Technologies

• What is Energy Conservation(EC)?

• Efforts made to reduce energy consumption
• How can EC be achieved?
• Either through increased efficient energy use or decreased energy
consumption(from conventional sources)
• What is the impact of EC?
• Increased financial capital; environmental quality; national security
and human comfort;
• What is the impact of technological improvement on Energy
efficiency ?
• Increase energy efficiency rather than reduce energy use.
• How will this phenomenon occur?

• 1. increased energy efficiency makes the use of energy relatively

cheaper.
• 2. increased energy efficiency leads to increased economic growth.
• What is the goal of efficient energy use?
• Efficient Energy use is also called as Energy efficiency, is the goal of
efforts to reduce
 Energy Efficient Technology in Mechanical
Engineering:
Heating, Ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC):
➢ A whole system approach can help to identify
potential energy efficiency opportunities in existing
and new HVAC systems.
➢ The first step in identifying energy efficiency
opportunities will be there for the heating and cooling
load required.
 Energy Efficient Technology in Mechanical
Engineering:

Heating, Ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC):

➢There are a range of factors that influence the load
on a HVAC system. Reducing the load can reduce the
size of the HVAC system required and thus the energy
used, equipment costs, and maintenance costs.
➢A number of load management techniques can be
used including: reducing external environmental
impacts on internal temperatures through design,
layout and operation of a building, reducing the heat
generated internally by lighting, equipment and
people.

➢Adjusting the temperature settings of the HVAC

system by 10-15%, harnessing opportunities for
natural temperature’s reduces.
➢Cleaning fans, filters, and air ducts can improve
efficiency by up to 60 percent.

➢Appropriate location and size of HVAC equipment and

managing operating times and level of operation using
control systems can also the increase the efficiency of
the system.
➢When the selection of new HVAC systems for the given load,
select the most energy efficient type within budgetary
constraints.
➢Energy efficient units differ from standard efficiency units in
several ways: they typically incorporate larger condenser and
evaporator coils, use more efficient compressors and have
enhanced insulation.
➢ When considering the ducting system for a new HVAC unit
or set of units there are a few key factors that can have a
sizable impact on the energy demand of the overall system.
➢For instance increasing the duct size by 15 per cent is
likely to increase the duct cost by 15 per cent but can
reduce the friction rate by as much as 50 percent. Also
the design of the ducting layout can affect pressure
losses and increase the load on the HVAC unit.

➢As shown in Figure 2 the poor design of a 90 degree

elbow can result in some 13 times the pressure drop.
In general ducting system design should favour
straight round spiral ducts.
HVAC Ducts
 Fig 2: Comparing pressure drop across various square elbow designs
➢Once the building has been built and the HVAC system has been
installed and properly commissioned, ongoing monitoring and
maintenance are key steps to further fine turning energy savings and
ensuring that the system is running as well as possible.
➢Thorough maintenance procedures assist in maintaining HVAC system
energy efficiency, maintaining occupant comfort, maximising
equipment life and minimising component failure.
 Evaporative Coolers

• What do you mean by Home Energy Management system?

• It is the system that enable households to better manage energy
consumption by providing information about energy usage allowing
more precise control of Energy intensive Home Gadgets.
• What is Comfort Cooling ?
• Combination of reduced air temperature and reduced humidity
• Which is treated as comfortable cooling?
• Temperature between 22° C to 27° C and relative humidity between
40% to 60%
 Gas Microwave Oven Electric Heating Induction Heating

Heating efficiency 40% 55% 74% 84%

Space Cooling – Evaporative Coolers[EC]
• EC can be used indoors , but only in very dry hot environment

• Not recommended for Indoor use in humid climates

• A fresh air source, like open window is also required when being
used indoors

• EC sometimes referred to as Swamp Cooler, that utilises water

soaked pads to cool the air.
Comparison in cooling efficiency

• While air conditioners draw moisture out of the air , EC s cool with
the opposite effect by adding humidity to the air as it blows.

• The fan also continuously circulates air creating a slight breeze

which will help make your body feel cooler
 Advantages of Air conditioners
• More suitable humid climates

• A/C unit not only reduces the humidity level but also cools
the air in very humid environment

• A/C are available in wide variety of ranges with flexible

placement options
 Portable A/C
• Ideal for those on the move

• Specific rather than general

• Reduces electricity bills

 Central A/C
• Central A/C is also termed as HVAC UNIT

• Expensive to instal and replace

 Window A/C

• Similar to portable A/C

• Unlike Portable A/C difficult to instal and replace

Text Books

1. Umesh Rathore: Energy Management,S.K.Kataria &sons second edition

2. Guide books for National Certification Examination for Energy Manager /

Energy Auditors Book-1, General Aspects

3. Hargroves, K., Gockowiak, K., Wilson, K., Lawry, N., and Desha, C.
(2014) An Overview of Energy Efficiency Opportunities in
Mechanical/civil/electrical/chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide
and Queensland University of Technology.
 Planning of EA Class[1 hour]

• 10 min : Last class review : student

• 05 min : Q&A/Doubts in the last session
• 30 min : Instruction: Teacher
• 05 min : Q&A/Doubts in the Today’s session
• 10 min : Shakthi Samachar [Energy News]: student
Thank you