KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA NO.

1 AFS CHAKERI KANPUR

Class-XII-C (Study Material for flipped learning)
Subject-Physics
Topic- Electric Flux and Gauss’s theorem
Date- 13-04-2023, Day-Thursday, Teacher –Suneel Kumar Vishwakarma
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Electric Flux and Gauss’s theorem:

1. Define electric flux. Write its S.I. unit. CBSE (AIC)-2017,(AI)-2015,2012,2008,(F)-2006,(D)-2007,2006

[ Ans. Electric flux :It is defined as the total number of electric lines of force passing normally through a given surface

.
It’s S.I. unit is

2. State Gauss’s law in electrostatics. CBSE (AI)-2015,2012,2007,2004,(F)-2012,(D)-2008,2006,2004

[ Ans. Gauss’s Law : “ Electric flux passing through any closed surface is times the total charge enclosed by that
surface”.

i,e, .

3. A charge is enclosed by a spherical surface . If the radius is doubled/ reduced to half, how would the electric
flux through the surface change ? CBSE (AI)-2009, (AIC)-2008,(DC)-2007
[ Ans. No change as flux does not depend on radius/ shape /size of enclosing surface

4. A charge q is placed at the centre of a cube, what is the electric flux passing through one of its faces ?
[ Ans. ] CBSE (AI)-2012, (F)-2010

5. Consider two hollow concentric spheres, S1 & S2, enclosing charges 2Q & 4Q respectively as shown.
(i) Find out the ratio of the electric flux through them. CBSE (AI)-2014,2002
(ii) how will the electric flux through the sphere S1 change, if a medium of
dielectric constant is introduced in the space inside S1 in place of air ?
Deduce the necessary expression.
[ Ans. (i) &

⇨ 1

(ii)
Applications of Gauss’s Theorem: Date- 14-04-2023, Day-Friday
1. Using Gauss’s law, derive an expression for the electric field intensity due to an infinitely long, straight wire of linear
charge density C/m. CBSE (AI)-2007,2006,2005,(D)-2009,04
[ Ans. Electric field intensity due to an infinite long straight wire of linear charge :
Let us consider a cylindrical Gaussian surface as shown
Charge enclosed by the Gaussian surface, =
At the part I and II of Gaussian surface and
are , so flux through surfaces I and II is zero.
By Gauss’s law

⇨
⇨
⇨
⇨

Gaussian surface is a closed surface, around a charge distribution, such that the electric field
intensity has a single fixed value at every point on the surface.

2. Using Gauss’s law, obtain the expression for electric field intensity at a point due to an infinitely large, plane sheet of
charge of charge density C/m2. How is the field directed if the sheet is (i) positively charged (ii) negatively charged?
CBSE (AI)-2019,2015,2010,2005,2004,2002,2001,(D)-2012,2009,06,(DC)-2002,01,(F)-2003
[ Ans. Electric field intensity due to an infinite plane sheet of charge :
Let us consider a cylindrical Gaussian surface
piercing through the sheet as shown.
At the curved part of Gaussian surface and
are , so flux through curved surface is zero.
By Gauss’s law

⇨
⇨

⇨
⇨
⇨
Direction of field : (i) If the sheet is positively charged the field is directed away from it
(ii) If sheet is negatively charged the field is direct towards it ]
3. Two parallel uniformly charged infinite plane sheets having charge densities and respectively are separated by
small distance in vacuum. Show that the electric field – CBSE (AI)-2015
(i) is zero in outer regions of both the plates
(ii) is / in the inner region between the charged plates
[ Ans. We have,

&
(i) in the outer region at point P and at Q

(ii) in the inner region between the plates

4. Two parallel uniformly charged infinite plane sheets ‘1’ and ‘2’, have charge densities and respectively. Give
the magnitude and direction of the net electric field at a point - CBSE (AI)-2015
(i) in between the two sheets and (ii) outside near the sheet ‘1’.
[ Ans. We have,

&
(i) in between the plates

Direction of this field is towards sheet 2

(ii) outside near the sheet 1

Direction of this field is towards sheet 2 ]

5. Two infinitely large thin parallel sheets having surface charge densities and are shown in the figure.
Write the magnitude and directions of net electric fields in the regions marked II and III. CBSE (F)-2014
[ Ans. We have,

&
But given that
⇨
(i) in the region II between the plates

towards B
(ii) in the region III outside near the sheet B

Direction of this field is away from sheet B ]

Applications of Gauss’s Theorem: Date- 15-04-2023, Day-Saturday
1. Using Gauss’s law, deduce the expression for the electric field due to uniformly charged spherical conducting shell of
radius at a point (i) outside and (ii) inside the shell.
Plot a graph showing variation of electric field as a function of r > R and r< R.
CBSE (AI)-2020,2018,2015,2013,2007,2004,(D)-2011,2009,2008,2006,2004,
[ Ans. Electric field intensity due to an uniformly charged spherical shell :
Let a positive charge is uniformly distributed
over the entire surface of a thin spherical shell
of radius as shown
(i) Outside the shell
Let us consider the Gaussian surface as
shown, by Gauss’s law

⇨
⇨
⇨
⇨ =
(ii) Inside the shell
Let us consider the Gaussian surface as shown
By Gauss’s law

But, charge inside the spherical shell is zero, hence

Gaussian surface does not enclose any charge i,e, q = 0
⇨
⇨
⇨
Graph :
2. A spherical conducting shell of inner radius and outer radius has a charge . A charge ‘q’ is placed at the centre
of the shell. CBSE (AI)- 2010
(a) what is the surface charge density on the (i) inner surface, (ii) outer surface of the shell ?
(b) Write the expression for the electric field at a point from the centre of the shell ?
[ Ans. (a) (i) surface charge density on inner surface of the shell

(ii) surface charge density on outer surface of the shell

(b) Using Gauss’s law, the electric field at a point