Engineering Graphics

(Course Code: MEL 111)

Dr. SUNANDA ROY

Office: Fourth-floor Engineering block (OF- 43)

Email: Sunanda.roy@alliance.edu.in

2
 Text book
1. Bhatt N D, Engineering Drawing, Charotar
Publications
2. Gopalakrishna K R, Engineering Graphics,
Subhash Publications, Bangalore
3. Practical Geometry & Engineering Graphics By
Abbot.
4. Engineering Graphics By Craft, Meyers & Boyer

➢ Drafting book and geometry box are

necessary in the class.
 ASSESSMENT
During semester assessment (DSA)
- Mid-semester examination (MSE): 40 marks
- Drafting Book, Geometry Box.
- Attendance: 5 marks (min 75%)
End semester assessment
- Final exam of 50 marks (Min. to pass 25)

One Drawing in CATIA Mandatory

INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING
GRAPHICS
 Graphics
Graphics are visual presentations of artworks on a
surface using a computer screen. Examples are
photographs, drawings, graphics designs, maps,
engineering drawings, or other images. Graphics often
combine text and illustration.
“A picture is worth a thousand words”.
In engineering, a good drawing is worth even more
than a thousand words.
If compared with Verbal or Written descriptions,
drawings offer a far better idea about the shape, size &
appearance of any object or situation or location in less
time.
 Engineering Graphics

➢ Engineering Graphics is the common language of

engineers (to understand the meaning, significance
and importance of any geometry/components/
structure/circuits and so on).

➢ Engineering drawings are important in conveying

useful information to other engineers and
machinists.
 Engineering Graphics
➢ EG is the creation of engineering drawings.
➢ By EG, one can represent the different views of an object
and its location on a sheet in 2D and 3D format.
➢ EG basically gives an idea about the drawing views.
 Graphic images are more powerful than simple text
A fixture consists of a rectangular block
75mm high, 44mm long and 100mm wide.
It has a 25mm thick by 100mm wide flange
protruding from the 100mm face of the
block with the lower surfaces aligned.
The free end of the flange is rounded with a
50mm radius and at the center of that
radius is a hole 8mm diameter through
the flange with a 20mm diameter counter
bore 10mm deep in the top surface of the
flange.
The overall length of the fixture is 150mm.
The rectangular block has a Vee shaped
slot symmetrically through the top surface
in a longitudinal direction. It is 38mm
each side of the center at the top surface
and is 45 to this surface. The bottom of
the Vee slot is removed by a rectuangular
slot 19mm wide with its bottom face
10mm above the top face of the flange.

Best Media of Communication not only in Engineering but in almost all Fields.
 Aim of the Course
➢ Knowledge of engineering drawing
instruments

➢ Understanding and interpretation of

technical drawings

➢ Ability to develop projections of a 3D

object

Rules/Standards of engineering drawing (in India) are

set by the Bureau of Indian Standards (B.I.S.)
DRAWING INSTRUMENTS
 Geometric instruments
Set square (drawing Protractor (measuring Compass
parallel, angles)
perpendicular lines
and lines at 30o, 45o,
60o)

Eraser

Ruler, scale
Video-1
 Sketch book

Orthographic Isometric
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 Dimension:
Dimensioning is the process of specifying parts information by using of
lines, number, symbols and notes.
 LINES

❑ The engineering drawings are prepared with the help of different types of lines.

❑ Lines are like the alphabet of a drawing language.

❑ Each line is used in a specific sense.

❑ A line may be straight, curved, continuous or segmented.

❑ Segmented may consist of dashes or dots or both.

❑ It may be thick, medium or thin.

❑ Pencil choice: Harder grade for thin lines, softer grade for thick lines

❑ H – Medium
❑ 2H – Thin
❑ HB – Freehand
❑ B - Thick
Different types of lines

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Ref: Engg. Drawing, by Jolhe, McGraw-Hill
 Quadrant
A quadrant is a region defined by the two axes (x-axis and y-axis) of the
coordinate system. When the two axes, x-axis and y-axis, intersect each
other at 90 degrees, the four regions so formed are the quadrants. These
regions include both positive and negative values of x-axis and y-axis, called
coordinates.
Y
y
VP +,+
-,+

o
HP
X
x
-,- +,-

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First vs Third Angle Projections
Plane

HP
x

4th Qud

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✓ Horizontal plane overlap with the vertical plane
 NOTE
• Front view is also known as ELEVATION
• Top view is also known as PLAN
• The point of intersection of a line with
horizontal plane is called horizontal
trace (H.T.) and with vertical plane is
called vertical trace (V.T.).
• POP- Plane of projection.

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 NOTATIONS

FOLLOWING NOTATIONS SHOULD BE FOLLOWED WHILE NAMING

DIFFERENT VIEWS IN ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS.

OBJECT POINT A LINE AB

IT’S TOP VIEW a ab

IT’S FRONT VIEW a’ a’ b’

IT’S SIDE VIEW a” a” b”

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 Exercises 1 (point)
Draw projections of a point A in the following positions:
1. In the H.P. and 20mm behind the V.P. 1-7 workbook
1-5, Catia
2. 40mm above the H.P. and 25mm in front of the V.P.
3. In the V.P. and 40mm above the H.P.
4. 40mm below the H.P. and 25mm in front of the V.P.
5. In both the H.P. and V.P.
6. An object is kept in one of the quadrants of principal planes of
projection, for both the front view and top view of the object, the
view came first and then the object (the observer is at the top
right side of principal planes). The object is in which quadrant?
7. An object is kept in one of the quadrants of principal planes of
projection, for the front view the view is first and object is next
and for top view the object came first and then the view on plane
(the observer is at top right side of principal planes). The object is
in which quadrant?
 LINES

❑ The engineering drawings are prepared with the help of different types of lines.

❑ Lines are like the alphabet of a drawing language.

❑ Each line is used in a specific sense

❑ A line may be straight, curved, continuous or segmented

❑ Segmented may consist of dashes or dots or both

❑ It may be thick, medium or thin

❑ Pencil choice: Harder grade for thin lines, softer grade for thick lines

❑ H – Medium
❑ 2H – Thin
❑ HB – Freehand
❑ B - Thick
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Different types of lines

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Ref: Engg. Drawing, by Jolhe, McGraw-Hill
 PROJECTIONS OF STRAIGHT LINES.

AIM:- TO DRAW IT’S PROJECTIONS - FV & TV.

❑ IT’S LENGTH between two points.

❑ Position of its end with HP & VP

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 DIFFERENT CASES OF THE LINE

1. LINE PARALLEL TO BOTH HP & VP.

2. Line is on HP & VP
3. LINE PERPENDICULAR TO HP & parallel to VP
4. LINE PERPENDICULAR TO VP & parallel to HP Draw: FV
5. LINE INCLINED TO HP & PARALLEL TO VP. TV
6. LINE INCLINED TO VP & PARALLEL TO HP.
7. LINE INCLINED TO BOTH HP & VP.
8. Line is in HP & Inclined to VP
9. Line is in HP & Inclined to VP
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 Points

a’ b’

ab

PROJECTION OF STRAIGHT LINE IN ENGINEERING DRAWING IN HINDI (PART-

2) - YouTube
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