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PART - 03
 WHAT IS THERMODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM?

Thermodynamic equilibrium is an internal

state of a single thermodynamic system or
of multiple connected thermodynamic
systems, in which there is no net flow of
energy either within a system or within
the systems.

01
 WHAT IS QUASI-STATIC PROCESS?

A Quasi-static process is a process that

occurs infinitesimal slowly that every
step in the system tends to remain in
equilibrium. It is a reversible process.
The quasi-Static process permits all
adiabatic and isothermal processes to
proceed very slowly.

02
 DEFINE THE TERM ENTHALPY?

Enthalpy is a thermodynamic quantity which

represents the total heat content of a
system. It is defined as the addition of the
internal energy and the product of the
(pressure and volume) of a thermodynamic
system. It is a state function and its value
depends upon pressure, composition and
temperature of the system.

03
 EXPLAIN THE LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS.

a. Zeroth law: If any two systems are in

thermal equilibrium with the third system,
then they are also in thermal equilibrium
with each other.
b. First law: First law of thermodynamic
states that energy can neither be created
nor be destroyed but it can only be
converted from one form to another.
c. Second law: This law states that “all
processes in nature tend to occur with an
increase in entropy and the direction of
change always lead to the increase in
entropy.”
d. Third law: This law states that “The
entropy of a perfect crystal of each
element and a compound is zero at
absolute zero.”

04
 WHAT IS STEAM-TURBINE AND STEAM
ENGINE?

Steam turbine: Steam turbine was

invented by Charles Parsons in 1884. It is
a device that uses the thermal energy
(extracted from pressurized steam) to
operate the work on a rotating output
shaft.
Steam Engine: A steam engine is a device
that uses the steam as its working fluid to
do mechanical work. This steam works to
push a piston back and forth inside a
cylinder. And this pushing force is further
converted into rotational force with the
help of connecting rod and flywheel.

05
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