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Lighting Design Requirements

This document is issued by Engineering Standards Section, SABIC R&D Complex, PO Box 42503, Riyadh 11551, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The information contained in this document is the confidential property of SABIC. It can not be disclosed, copied or used for any purpose
without prior approval from SABIC. If you are not authorized to posses this document, please destroy it immediately.
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CONTENTS

1. SCOPE................................................................................................. 3
2. REFERENCES 3
3. DEFINITIONS 3
4. GENERAL ............................................................................................ 3
5. ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS 4
5.1 Site Conditions 4
5.2 Service Conditions .......................................................................... 4
6. LIGHTING LEVELS 4
7. LIGHTING CALCULATIONS 4
7.1 General ........................................................................................... 4
7.2 Lumen Method 5
7.3 The Point-by-Point Method 6
7.4 Coefficient of Utilization................................................................... 6
7.5 Depreciation Factors 7
7.6 Glare Reduction Requirements 7
8. OFFICE LIGHTING DESIGN ............................................................... 8
9. CONTROL ROOM LIGHTING 8
10. SAFETY AND SECURITY LIGHTING 9
11. PROCESS AREA LIGHTING ............................................................... 9
11.1 Piperacks 9
11.2 Structures, Equipment Bays, Ladders and Platforms 9
11.3 Area Floodlighting and Building Exterior Lighting ........................... 9
11.4 Process, Warehouse and Miscellaneous Buildings 10
12. ESSENTIAL / STANDBY LIGHTING 10
13. OBSTRUCTION LIGHTING ............................................................... 10

TABLE
I Lighting Levels 12
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1. Scope
This standard is for general plant lighting design, essential/standby lighting, safety lights, and aircraft
obstruction lighting.

2. References
Reference is made in this standard to the following documents. The latest issues, amendments, and
supplements to these documents shall apply unless otherwise indicated.
SABIC Engineering Standards (SES)
E02-G01 Electrical System Design Criteria
E20-E02 Lamp and Lighting Fixture Selection and Application
E20-E03 Lighting and Receptacle Circuit Wiring Requirements
Z01-G04 Measurement Units for Use in SABIC Projects
American Petroleum Institute (API)
RP 540 Electrical Installations In Petroleum Processing Plants
Federal Aviation Administration - Advisory Circular (FAA)
AC 70/7460 Description of FAA Standards for Marking and Lighting Structures to Promote Aviation Safety
High Commission of Industrial Safety and Security, Ministry of Interior, K.S.A. (HCISS)
SSD-13 Security Lighting Systems
SSD-14 Check Point Lighting
SSD-17 Gate House and Vehicle Lock
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA)
Lighting Handbook
RP 7 Recommended Practice for Industrial Lighting
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
70 National Electrical Code
101 Life Safety Code
Code of Federal Regulations, U.S.A.
Title 14, Chapter 1, Part 77 Objects Affecting Navigable Airspace

3. Definitions
For the purpose of understanding this standard the following definitions apply.
Candela. SI unit of luminous intensity. One candela = one lumen per steradian (candlepower).
Illuminance. The density of luminous flux incident on the surface. The quotient of the total luminous flux
by the area to be lighted assuming the area is uniformly illuminated. [Footcandles or Lux (1 FC =
10.76 Lux)].
Initial LX. Average illuminance level in Lux when luminaires are clean, and when the lamps are first
energized.
In-Service LX. Average illumination level in Lux over an extended period.
Lumen. SI unit of luminous flux. The time rate of the flow of light.
Luminaire. A complete lighting unit consisting of lamp(s) together with parts designed to distribute the
light.
Reflectance. The ratio of reflected luminous flux from a surface to incident flux.

4. General
4.1 Lighting shall be designed for safe and efficient operation and maintenance of the plant.
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4.2 The lighting systems shall conform to SES E02-G01 and shall incorporate the applicable
recommendations API RP 540 and IESNA RP 7.
4.3 For lighting fixture specifications, see SES E20-E02.
4.4 For specifications of light circuit requirements, see SES E20-E03.
4.5 Documents shall be provided in units conforming to SES Z01-G04, and shall be written in English
language.
4.6 Any conflict(s) between this standard, SES and industry standards, engineering drawings, and contract
documents shall be resolved at the discretion of SABIC.

5. Environmental Requirements
5.1 Site Conditions
5.1.1 Indoor Conditions
Temperature range: air-conditioned, 0 to 40 °C
Relative humidity: 10 to 100 percent
5.1.2 Outdoor Conditions
Ambient temperature range: 1 to 50 °C
Metallic surface temperatures reaching 75 °C due to solar radiation
Corrosive desert atmosphere with blowing sand and dust
5.1.3 Storage / Transport Conditions
Ambient temperature: 2 to 70 °C
Relative humidity: 1 to 95 percent, non-condensing
5.2 Service Conditions
5.2.1 Lighting systems will be installed both indoors and outdoors. Many of the indoor spaces will be air
conditioned but the lighting for air conditioned spaces shall be capable of operating continuously in a 50 °C
ambient.
5.2.2 Major areas of the facilities will normally be hazardous (classified) areas and shall require special
considerations in design of the lighting system. Wiring design shall be appropriate for the classification.
Surface temperatures of light fixtures shall not be an ignition source. The lighting system shall conform to
NFPA 70 for the area classification. The area classification, and the auto ignition of the materials, shall be
determined before the lighting design can be completed.

6. Lighting Levels
6.1 The values shown in Table I are minimum average maintained illuminance requirements. The
installation shall be designed for the conditions of the specific task; greater levels of illuminance may be
required in some cases. Table values meet or exceed API 540 and IESNA RP 7 recommended lighting
levels.
6.2 The illumination levels are average vertical component values for a horizontal plane 76 cm above the
floor, ground or platform.

7. Lighting Calculations
7.1 General
7.1.1 Software used for lighting calculations shall require prior SABIC approval.
7.1.2 There are two methods of performing lighting calculations: the Lumen Method and the Point-by-Point
Method. For more detailed information on these calculations see the IESNA Lighting Handbook.
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7.2 Lumen Method

7.2.1 The Lumen method is the most frequently used technique to determine Iighting levels, and provides
the average maintained level of illumination on a horizontal plane, usually designated as the work plane.
This method is applicable to systems using any type of light source. The Lumen method is usually used for
indoor lighting where uniformly distributed light is required over a large area.
7.2.2 In a lighting system, all lumens produced by the lamps do not reach the work plane due to losses in
the luminaire and the absorption of light by the room surfaces. These losses are accounted for by the
application of the coefficient of utilization for the luminaire being used.
7.2.3 The usual criteria is to design the lighting system to maintain a minimum level of illumination
throughout its life. The light output of the lamps depreciates during service, so the initial light level of the
system shall be increased to account for these losses. Causes of depreciation are:
a. Loss of lumens as a result of aging
b. Decrease in lamp and luminaire output resulting from dust, dirt, insects and chemical changes in
reflecting surface
c. Increased absorption of the light by dust, dirt and changes in the rooms reflecting surfaces
d. Differences between actual and design lamp voltages
7.2.4 The mathematical equation for the Lumen Method is as follows:
a. LUX = {LL x N x CU x LLD x LDD} divided by A
Where:
LL = Initial lamp lumens per luminaire
N = Number of luminaires (fixtures)
CU = Coefficient of utilization
LLD = Lamp lumen depreciation
LDD = Luminaire dirt depreciation
A = Area in square meters
b. In most lighting design, the required maintained Lux intensity will be a known quantity. It will be
either given in basic data or selected from standard tables. Therefore, by transposing the terms in
equation above, the required number of luminaires can be computed:
N = {LUX x A} divided by {LL x CU x LLD x LDD}
7.2.5 Table I can be used to determine the required lighting level. In some cases, the recommended
illumination levels are given for specific tasks, and apply only to the area where the task is to be
accomplished. In these cases, the general area around the task should have one-third to one-fifth the
illumination required for the task. This technique is known as task-ambient or nonuniform lighting.
7.2.6 After selection of an appropriate fixture, in accordance with SES E20-E02, the number of fixtures
can be calculated using the equation in 7.2.4.b.
7.2.7 Location of the fixtures shall then be determined.
a. Perfect uniformity of illumination is usually not feasible. Some deviation from the average is to be
expected. Illumination non-uniformity shall be considered acceptable if the maximum and minimum
values in the area (except for extremities, for example corners) do not exceed 10 percent above or
below the calculated average.
b. To achieve acceptable uniformity, the luminaire spacing to mounting height ratio, from vendor’s
data (catalogs), should not be exceeded. The commonly used practice of letting the distance from the
luminaires to the walls equal one-half the distance between rows often results in inadequate
illumination near the walls. In areas where desks or work benches are located along the walls, a
distance of 760 mm from the wall to the center of the luminaire should be used to avoid excessive
drop-off in illumination. This will locate the luminaires over the edge of the desks facing the walls or
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over the center of the desks that are perpendicular to the walls. In critical areas, for example drafting
rooms, where tables are located against the walls, it is often desirable to use somewhat closer
spacing between luminaires adjacent to the walls.
c. To prevent excessive reduction in illumination, the ends of fluorescent luminaires should not be
located more than 610 mm from the wall. Often, increasing the number of lamps in the end units will
satisfactorily prevent drop-off in intensity at the ends of a room.
d. Spacing closer than the maximum permissible is often highly desirable to reduce harsh shadows
and ceiling reflections. This will also improve uniformity, particularly when using direct and indirect
type of luminaires.
7.3 The Point-by-Point Method
7.3.1 Point-by-point calculations provide horizontal or vertical levels of illumination at a point and do not
take into account inter-reflections or depreciation of system components. Its application is limited to
essentially point light sources, for example incandescent and high intensity discharge (HID). Point-by-point
calculations for linear sources (fluorescent) are quite complex and normally require the use of a computer.
The point-by-point method is normally used for outdoor lighting to ensure minimum illumination along the
boundary of the area, or indoors for checking the illumination on vertical surfaces, for example control
panels.
7.3.2 The point-by-point method provides a means of determining the level of illumination on any point in a
given area. It is especially useful for calculating illumination on vertical or oblique surfaces.
7.3.3 In theory, the source of light is considered to be a point. In practice, computations will be accurate
when the distance from the source to the point in question is at least five times the maximum dimension of
the source. Luminaires which meet this dimensional restriction can be considered as point sources in this
method of calculation.
7.3.4 The laws of photometry related to the point-by-point calculations are the inverse square law and
Lambert’s cosine law. The intensity of illumination at a point on a surface is inversely proportional to the
square of the distance from the source to the point and directly proportional to the candela of the source in
the given direction.
7.3.5 Two basic formula are generally used for point to point calculations:
a. For horizontal surfaces:
Lux = {Candela x cos(a)} divided by D2
b. For vertical surfaces:
Lux = {Candela x sin(a)} divided by D2
c. The fixture light output in candela (in the direction of the point to be calculated) is obtained from
the manufacturer’s catalogue. The angle ‘a’ is the angle between a line through the point and
perpendicular to the plane on which the point lies and a second line between the point and the light
source. ‘D’ is the distance in meters from the light source to the point.
d. A separate calculation has to be made for each fixture near the point in question. The results are
added together to arrive at the total illumination at that point. For example, a point at the side of a
relatively narrow pipe rack would receive significant light contributions from at least three fixtures. A
calculation would be made for the contribution of each fixture.
7.4 Coefficient of Utilization
7.4.1 The coefficient of utilization (CU) is used to perform calculations using the Lumen Method. It is the
ratio of the light output in lumens reaching the work plane, to the total lumens generated by the lamp. It
takes into consideration the efficiency and distribution of the luminaire, its mounting height, the room
proportions, and the reflectance of the walls, ceilings, and floor. The zonal cavity method is used for
calculating the coefficient of utilization.
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7.4.2 The selection of a coefficient of utilization by the zonal cavity method is a four-step computation:
a. Determine the cavity ratios
b. Determine effective ceiling and floor cavity reflectance
c. Select coefficient of utilization
d. Correct the coefficient of utilization selected for effective floor cavity reflectances other than
20 percent
7.4.3 To determine the cavity ratios, the room or area has to be divided into cavities. These cavities are
dependent upon the luminaire mounting height and the location of the work plane. See IESNA Lighting
Handbook for calculation of cavity ratios.
7.4.4 Effective cavity reflectance shall be determined for the ceiling cavity and for the floor cavity
respectively. These can be selected from charts in IESNA Lighting Handbook under the particular
combination of cavity ratio and in-service reflectance of the ceiling, walls, and floor.
7.4.5 White has a reflectance value of approximately 80 percent, light blue and ivory 70 percent, beige
and aqua green 60 percent, light gray and rose 40 percent, and dark brown, gray, and green around
15 percent. The actual reflectance should be determined from the selected finishes and should be
averaged in accordance with area covered when several finishes are present.
7.4.6 Using the values of effective ceiling cavity reflectance, the percentage wall reflectance, and the
room cavity ratio, the coefficient of utilization should be selected from the manufacturers’ data for the
fixture under consideration.
7.5 Depreciation Factors
7.5.1 The depreciation factor accounts for the loss of illuminance from a lighting system after a given
period of time and under given conditions. It takes into account temperature and voltage variations, dirt
accumulation on luminaire and room surfaces, lamp depreciation, maintenance procedures, and
atmospheric conditions.
7.5.2 The objective in lighting design calculations is to predetermine maintained illuminance. Factors have
to be included in the equation to account for depreciation of all elements within the space and lighting
system that normally occur over a period of time.
7.6 Glare Reduction Requirements
7.6.1 A lighting system is often judged by the level of illumination provided. Attaining a recommended light
level will not always ensure adequate visibility. Good quality light is also important for adequate visibility,
and is usually more difficult to achieve.
7.6.2 The common causes of visual disability and discomfort are glare and excessive brightness ratios.
Glare is defined as any annoying brightness in the field of view. Glare conditions may be either direct or
reflected:
a. Direct glare (often called discomfort glare) results when inadequately shielded light sources,
overly bright luminaires, or large bright areas occupy a significant portion of the field of view
b. Reflected glare results when the bright surfaces of luminaires or large areas reflect from the
specular (reflective) surfaces on, for example machines and furniture. When the specular surface is
part of the seeing task, a veiling effect will obscure the task. If the specular surface is adjacent to the
seeing tasks, the reflection will continually attract the observer’s attention towards the annoyance.
7.6.3 IESNA Lighting Handbook describes a system for classifying the visual comfort probability (VCP) of
lighting systems. This system permits the calculation of discomfort glare ratings of luminaires, taking into
consideration all the pertinent characteristics of the light system. The system and calculation procedure is
applicable to the preparation of:
a. General glare tables for typical types of luminaires
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b. Tables for specific luminaires

c. Ratings of specific lighting layouts
7.6.4 Methods for reducing reflected glare are:
a. Do not cover desk and tables with specular surface glass or plastic. Use dull or mat surfaces to
reduce the primary cause of veiling reflections.
b. Orient the task or the luminaires to avoid the latter being readily reflected
c. Install lighting systems that have lower brightness in the reflected glare zone. Fluorescent
luminaires should be used in preference to incandescent or mercury in open-bottom units. Luminaires
with bottom diffusing panels, or luminaires with semidirect distributions, will reduce reflected glare
conditions.
e. Parabolic lighting covers can be used with most standard fluorescent fixtures, to significantly
reduce glare on computer video monitors

8. Office Lighting Design

8.1 Office lighting installations should provide an efficient and comfortable environment to maximize
productivity. Office tasks include viewing material with poor contrast at close range; also, tasks include
viewing data displayed on a cathode ray tube. Care should be exercised in the selection of light sources,
luminaires, and room surface reflectances. Maintenance requirements and economics are other
parameters to consider in selecting an acceptable design.
8.2 Standardized tables have been prepared which can be used in lieu of detailed calculations for office
lighting. These tables are available from manufacturers for various fixture types. To utilize the tables, the
designer should select an arrangement compatible with the required intensity of illumination. It is not
necessary that actual room dimensions match those shown in the table. Selection of the room dimension
most nearly matching the area in question will be acceptable in the majority of installations, as the variation
in intensity will be negligible.
8.3 Economics shall be considered in the design of a lighting system. In general, the use of the least
number of luminaries which meets the spacing-to-mounting height ratio for the luminaire will provide the
most economical installation. In office lighting design, the 61 x 122 mm luminaire usually proves most
economical.

9. Control Room Lighting

9.1 Lighting for control rooms, panels and consoles presents many seeing tasks and conditions not typical
of work areas in general. More emphasis is placed on vertical plane illumination than is usually
encountered in the design of interior lighting.
9.2 Computer monitors have become the predominant means of displaying information in the control
room. Special lighting treatment is required to provide good visibility for display screens, and to maintain
adequate lighting on board mounted instruments and graphic displays.
9.3 Lighting shall be designed to illuminate vertical board mounted equipment, DCS operator console
monitors and details without glare. Control room lighting shall be a combination of indirect and direct
lighting.
9.4 All light fixtures in control room shall be provided with flicker-free dimmer control. Fixtures shall be
controlled in sensible groups to provide optimum lighting.
9.5 Diffused lighting can be provided by means of wall-to-wall (or a large portion thereof), louvered, or
translucent plastic luminous ceilings. Luminous ceilings have three interrelated functional elements; a
plenum cavity, a light source, and a diffuser. The plenum cavity contains the lamps, and the cavity surfaces
serve as the light reflector. The diffuser is made up of suitable plastic (acrylic) sheets resting freely on a
supporting framework. A uniform ceiling brightness in all directions is obtained by proper lamp placement,
diffuser translucency, and diffuser patterns. The distance between continuous rows of lamps should not be
greater than twice the height of the lamp above the diffuser panels. For proper translucency, the plastic
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panels should have incident transmittance limits between 45 and 55 percent. A uniform surface viewing
angle from all directions may be obtained with dimpled-pattern panels. Cavity surfaces should be finished
with a paint having a diffuse reflectance of 85 percent or more.
9.6 Directional light can be provided by means of troffer units (equipped with parabolic louvers) set flush in
the ceiling (or suspension mounted), or by units especially designed to provide lighting on vertical
surfaces. Such units generally are installed in rows following the contour of the panels. In this method, the
luminaries shall be accurately located, to keep reflections away from viewer’s glare angle and to minimize
shadows cast on the instrument scales due to their case overhang. The use of directional light with control
systems using CRT displays reduces flexibility of the space. More detailed planning of the space and
lighting system is required to ensure their proper physical relationship to each other.

10. Safety and Security Lighting

10.1 Safety and security lighting shall be designed in accordance with this standard and the modifications
necessary to meet the requirements of HCISS SSD-13, 14 and 17.
10.2 The design of the perimeter lighting system shall be in accordance with SSD-13.
10.3 The design of checkpoint lighting shall be in accordance with SSD-14.
10.4 Gate house and vehicle lock areas shall be illuminated in accordance with SSD-17.

11. Process Area Lighting

11.1 Piperacks
11.1.1 All onsite piperacks shall be illuminated using pendant mounted HPS fixtures mounted from the
rack steel or bracket mounted fixtures, or both, attached to rack columns.
11.1.2 Fixtures installed under the main piperacks shall have the lowest part a minimum of 3.7 m above
grade.
11.1.3 Equipment adjacent to piperacks shall be illuminated by floodlights mounted on the upper elevation
of the piperack whenever possible.
11.2 Structures, Equipment Bays, Ladders and Platforms
11.2.1 In general, fixtures should be mounted 3 m or more above the finished floor or grade. In locations
where head room is limited, the mounting height can be reduced to 2.4 m.
11.2.2 Platforms and ladders shall usually be illuminated with stanchion mounted HPS fixtures on masts
attached to the handrails. These fixtures shall have reflectors, globes and guards.
11.2.3 Fixtures shall not be mounted directly over equipment having exposed movable parts or equipment
emitting appreciable heat or fumes. Care shall be taken in placement of fixtures to avoid interference with
maintenance activities and yet provide adequate lighting for routine operations.
11.2.4 In placement of fixtures consideration shall be given to maintenance of the lighting system. Fixtures
installed on tower platforms and similar locations shall be accessible from the platforms or from structural
ladders.
11.3 Area Floodlighting and Building Exterior Lighting
11.3.1 Flood lighting shall be used to the maximum extent possible for illumination in the process areas.
Flood lighting fixtures shall be mounted high enough and aimed so as not to be objectionable or blinding to
personnel.
11.3.2 Surface temperatures of floodlight fixtures shall meet the area classification requirements. These
fixtures usually have larger lamps and operate at higher temperatures. It is frequently necessary to place
them outside of the classified area, and this can sometimes be accomplished by the use of taller floodlight
poles.
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11.3.3 Bracket mounted fixtures or floodlights shall be used to illuminate the entrances to buildings.
Special care is required to avoid blinding of persons approaching the buildings.
11.3.4 When practical, floodlights can be installed on the exterior of buildings, to provide area floodlighting.
Care shall be taken to avoid excessive glare and blinding.
11.3.5 When poles are used for mounting floodlights they shall be spun aluminum. Aluminum poles
installed in corrosive areas shall be painted or otherwise coated for corrosion protection.
11.3.6 Maintenance of floodlights requires provisions for access. If the structures or poles can be reached
by aerial lift trucks the problem is simplified. Otherwise, provisions shall be made for lowering the fixtures to
the ground (hinged pole) or other arrangement made to reach the fixtures.
11.4 Process, Warehouse and Miscellaneous Buildings
11.4.1 The interior of buildings with large, open, high ceiling areas shall be illuminated with high-bay high
pressure sodium (HPS) fixtures when practical. Local supplemental lighting shall be provided where
necessary for special tasks.
11.4.2 Smaller rooms within such buildings shall be illuminated with fluorescent fixtures. Special
occupancies, for example offices and control rooms, shall have lighting as described herein.

12. Essential / Standby Lighting

12.1 Facilities shall have an essential or standby power system. This system shall provide power for an
orderly plant shutdown and essential/standby lighting.
12.2 In occupied buildings, sufficient lighting fixtures shall be supplied from essential/standby lighting to
maintain a minimum of 11 lux during outage of utility power. Buildings in this category shall include offices,
laboratories, shops and occupied areas of warehouses.
12.3 Control rooms, electrical substations, electrical equipment rooms and operation/maintenance
emergency command centers shall have 100 percent of lighting fixtures supplied from essential/standby
power.
12.4 Approximately 20 percent of the fixtures in active operating areas shall be on essential/standby
power, to provide safe access and egress for workers. Additional fixtures in utility areas shall be placed on
essential/standby power as necessary to facilitate maintenance of critical utilities and restoration of all
utilities to the facility.
12.5 Security and safety lighting shall be supplied from essential/standby power in accordance with the
applicable Security and Safety Directives.
12.6 All HPS fixtures supplied from essential/standby power shall have instant restart (hot re-strike)
ballasts.
12.7 Exit lights shall be installed within buildings to identify route out of area, and shall be a battery pack
type fixture.
12.8 Essential/standby lighting shall comply with NFPA 101.

13. Obstruction Lighting

13.1 The purpose of marking and lighting an obstruction that presents a hazard to air commerce is to warn
airmen of the presence of such obstructions.
13.2 Title 14, Chapter 1, Code of Federal Regulations, U.S.A., Part 77 shall be used as a guide for
identifying obstructions that require marking or lighting requirements. It shall be modified as necessary to
meet any requirements of the local authority. In most cases notice has to be filed with the local authority of
the intention to build.
13.3 FAA Advisory circular 70/7460, published by the Director of Air Traffic Rules and Procedures
Services, describes the FAA standards for marking and lighting structures to promote aviation safety. This
document shall be used as a guide for making and lighting structures, and shall be modified as necessary
to meet any requirements of the local authority.
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13.4 Generally, objects, structures, or portions thereof, that are of sufficient overall height as to present a
hazard to air navigation, usually 45.7 m or more, and situated within limits of proximity to airports or
airways, are subject to obstruction marking requirements.
13.5 Where the structure will be shielded by other structures which are equal to or greater in height,
marking shall not usually be required.
13.6 Safe access to obstruction lighting fixtures installed on stacks and similar structures is a major
consideration. The costs and physical hazards in the continuing maintenance of fixed-position
obstruction-light fixtures at some locations may justify the increased costs of disconnecting- and
lowering-type hangers.
13.7 Disconnecting-type hangers and accessories are available for duplex obstruction lights and beacons
meeting the installation conditions for mounting heights up to 137.2 m.
13.8 Depending upon energy and maintenance costs, it may be more economical to provide stack and
similar obstructing lighting by fixed-position floodlights instead of by obstruction lights and flashing
beacons previously described. Such floodlights shall be installed at three or more points of approximately
equal distances around the obstruction in a horizontal plane.
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TABLE I
Lighting Levels

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
ILLUMINATION LEVELS ILLUMINATION LEVELS ELEVATION
LOCATION OF WORK
INITIAL IN-SERVICE INITIAL IN-SERVICE SURFACE
LX LX LX LX

PROCESS AREAS
Pump rows, manifolds, frequently used 120 70 Ground
valves
Heat Exchangers 85 50 Ground
Outdoor platforms:
Active areas 72 55 Floor
Inactive areas 37 22 Floor
Cooling towers, equipment area 72 55 Ground
Furnaces 120 70 Ground
Ladders and open stairways:
Frequently used 37 55 Floor
Infrequently used 18 22 Floor
Gage glasses 90 54 Face
Instruments on process units 90 54 Face
Compressor houses 370 220 Floor
Separators 90 54 Top of bay
General areas 18 11 Ground
Interconnecting pipeways 37 22 Ground
Local control panels 540 320 1140-1500 mm
450 270 460 mm
Boiling tanks, stationary dryers, stationary 370 220 760 mm
and gravity crystallizers
Stills, mechanical dryers, evaporators, 540 320 760 mm
filtrators, mechanical crystallizer
Tanks for extractors cooking, nitrators, 540 320 760 mm
percolators
Ball mills, grinders 540 320 760 mm
Compressors, large blowers and fans, 370 220 760 mm
mechanical equipment
Electrical speed control equipment, 370 220 760 mm
special controls
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TABLE I (Continued)
Lighting Levels

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
ILLUMINATION LEVELS ILLUMINATION LEVELS ELEVATION
LOCATION OF WORK
INITIAL IN-SERVICE INITIAL IN-SERVICE SURFACE
LX LX LX LX

PROCESS AREAS
Weigh scales, gages, thermometers, 540 329 Face
rotameters
Chemical process operating equipment in 270 160 760 mm
open-type structures
Electrical equipment - general 90 54 760 mm
Process equipment - general 180 110 760 mm

NONPROCESS AREAS
Pump houses:
Pump area 90 54 Ground
Control area - general 270 160 Floor
Local control panels 540 320 1150-1500 mm
450 270 450 mm
Boiler and air compressor plants:
Indoor equipment 370 220 Floor
Outdoor equipment 90 54 Ground
Tank farm areas 35 20
Tank (stairs, ladders, gaging area) 18 11 Ground
General area 3.7 2.2 Ground
Manifold area 17 10 Ground
Road within tank fields 9 5 Ground
Roadways:
Heavy traffic 17 10 Ground
Light traffic 9 5 Ground
Loading racks (terminals):
General area 93 55 Ground
Tank car loading point 440 270 Point
Tank trucks, top loading 440 270 Point
Tank trucks, bottom loading 270 160 Point
Loading racks (chemical plants):
General area 93 55 Ground
Tank car loading point 440 270 Point
Tank trucks loading point 440 270 Point
 NUMBER E20-E01
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Lighting Design Requirements
DATE DEC 2000
ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 14 OF 16

TABLE I (Continued)
Lighting Levels

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
ILLUMINATION LEVELS ILLUMINATION LEVELS ELEVATION
LOCATION OF WORK
INITIAL IN-SERVICE INITIAL IN-SERVICE SURFACE
LX LX LX LX

NONPROCESS AREAS
Tanker dock facilities:
General area 270 160 Floor
Hose handling, manifold area and 270 160 Floor
loading point

MANUFACTURING AREAS
Casting and stretching:
General 490 320 760 mm
Machine 830 540 760 mm
Wind-up 1160 750 760 mm
Coating:
General 340 220 760 mm
Wind-up 1160 750 760 mm
Unwind 1160 750 760 mm
Mill roll storage:
General 490 320 760 mm
Aisles for automatic loading equipment 340 220 760 mm
Weigh scales 1250 810
Finishing:
General 830 540 760 mm
Machine 1160 750 760 mm
Shipping 340 229 760 mm

MANUFACTURING AREAS - CHEMICAL COATINGS

General 490 320 760 mm
Tinting 830 540 760 mm
Small batch department 830 540 760 mm
Inspection - comparing mix with standard 2850 2150 760 mm
Container handling:
Filling 490 320 760 mm
Labeling and cartoning 330 220 760 mm
 NUMBER E20-E01
REV. NO. 0
Lighting Design Requirements
DATE DEC 2000
ENGINEERING STANDARD
PAGE 15 OF 16

TABLE I (Continued)
Lighting Levels

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
ILLUMINATION LEVELS ILLUMINATION LEVELS ELEVATION
LOCATION OF WORK
INITIAL IN-SERVICE INITIAL IN-SERVICE SURFACE
LX LX LX LX

SERVICES AND CONTROLS

Electrical substations and switch yards: 37 22 Ground
Outdoor switch yards 37 22 Ground
Substation outdoor 37 22 Ground
Substation building:
General 170 110 Floor
Operating aisles 250 160 Floor
Emergency lighting 54 32 Floor
Electrical switch and starter racks 90 54 1200 mm
Local control panels 490 320 750-1500 mm
Central control rooms:
Instrument panels 770 540 1500 mm
770 540 1150 mm
650 450 450 mm
Consoles 770 540 770 540 760 mm
Rear of panel 170 110 250 160 1200 mm
General area 770 540 760 mm
Emergency lighting for safe entrance
and exit 54 32 Floor
Emergency lighting for monitoring
instruments 90 54 At instrument
Roadways:
Process area, heavy traffic 13 7.5 Ground
Light traffic 7.5 4.3 Ground
Fence and protective lighting (not
security lighting) 3.7 2.2 Ground

BUILDINGS
Administration buildings and offices:
Prolonged difficult tasks (drafting) 1450 1000 760 mm
Difficult tasks (business machines,
accounting) 1160 810 760 mm
Normal office work (reading,
handwriting, filing) 770 540 760 mm
Reception areas, washrooms, hallways,
equipment and service rooms 310 220 Floor
First-aid rooms 1100 760 760 mm
 NUMBER E20-E01
REV. NO. 0
Lighting Design Requirements
DATE DEC 2000
ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 16 OF 16

TABLE I (Continued)
Lighting Levels

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
ILLUMINATION LEVELS ILLUMINATION LEVELS ELEVATION
LOCATION OF WORK
INITIAL IN-SERVICE INITIAL IN-SERVICE SURFACE
LX LX LX LX
BUILDINGS
Laboratories:
Qualitative, quantitative, and physical
test 770 540 940 mm
Experimental research 770 540 940 mm
Pilot plant, process and specialty 530 320 Floor
ASTM knock test, equipment test 490 320 Floor
Glassware, wash rooms 660 430 940 mm
Fume hoods 720 430 940 mm
Emergency backup lighting 54 32 Floor
Stock rooms 440 260 760 mm
Warehouses and Stock Rooms
Bulk storage:
Indoor 90 54 Floor
Outdoor 9.0 5.4 Ground
Bin storage
Large 90 55 760 mm
Small 170 110 760 mm
Small part storage 340 220 760 mm
Counter tops 490 320 1200 mm
Shops:
Bench and machine work: 830 540
Rough, large fabrication 370 220 Floor
Medium, automatic machines,
grinding 830 540 750 mm
Specialty:
Craneway, aisles 270 160 Floor
Small machines 490 320 750 mm
Small metal 340 220 750 mm
Electrical 340 220 750 mm
Instrument 490 320 750 mm
Change houses and restrooms:
Locker and shower rooms 250 160 Floor
Lavatory 250 160 Floor
Clock house and gatehouse:
Card rack and clock area 170 110 Floor
Entrance gate, inspection 270 160 Floor
General 93 55 Floor
Cafeteria:
Eating area 460 320 750 mm
Serving area 490 320 910 mm
Food preparation 670 430 910 mm
General halls 250 160 Floor
Garage and firehouse 170 110 Floor