Portfolio

3BU002 21st Century Management

Year: 2021 Level: 3
Assessment Number/Sequence: 1 Due Date: 2021/09/03
Module Leader: Mr.Joshua Whale Module Tutor: Dr. Dibyesh Chand
Assessment Type: Portfolio Word Count (if any): 1623
Course Title: International Business Management at Biratnagar International College,
Nepal (BIC)

Submitted to: Mr.Joshua Whale, University of Wolverhampton

Submitted by:
2060394 Avay karki
Submission Date: 2021/09/03

Student’s Declaration Sheet

I declare that, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
 This submission is my own work and has not been copied from someone else or
commissioned to another to complete.
 Any materials used in this work (whether from published sources, internet or
elsewhere) have been fully acknowledged and referenced and are without
fabrication or falsification of data.
 I have adhered to relevant ethical guidelines and procedures in the completion of
this assignment.
 I have not allowed another student to have access to or copy from this work.
 This work has not been submitted previously.
This work confirms to the instructions and submission guidelines as contained in the
assessment briefing and the module guide respectively. This submission complies with
University of Wolverhampton Policies regarding plagiarism, cheating and collusion. I
acknowledge and agree that the assessor may, for the purpose of assessing this
assignment:
 Reproduce the assignment and provide a copy to another academic staff
member; and/or
 Communicate a copy of this assignment to a plagiarism-checking service. This
web-based service will retain a copy of this work for subsequent plagiarism
checking, but has a legal agreement with the University that it will not share or
reproduce it in any form.
I have retained a copy of this assignment for my own records.

Student Number: 2060394

Student Name: Avay Karki
Date: 2021/09/03

Contents
Task1: Compare and Contrast of Management Theories. 3

Task2: Memorandum To CEO 5

Task3: Organizational Cultural and Technology. 8

Task4 9

Task5: Mini Report (My Business Proposal) 10

Task6: Module Tracker 11

References 17

Appendices 19

Task1: Compare and Contrast of Management Theories.

Introduction: The concept of management is derived from the Latin word "Manus",
meaning to handle and agree. Management Theories are the visions for running the
organization and business based on a variety of assumptions about how people and
systems work. There are many different theories, but in this we have discussed two
theories. They are: Tannenbaum and Schmidt, Mouton Managerial Grid for compare
and contrast.

Tannenbaum and Schmidt were developed by Chris Drew, PHD on 20 th November,

2019. This theory Continuum depicts seven different leadership styles that go from the
most powerful to the least powerful i.e (Tells, Sells, Suggests, Consults, Delegates,
Abdicates). This model style is widely used for visualizing the management style of the
work place, social group leaders, educator’s and so on.

Source: Leadership Continuum: Tannenbaum and Schmidt Leadership Continuum (iedunote.com)

The Mouton Managerial Grid was developed by Robert Blake and Jane Mouton in the
1960s. This theory is also known as the Leadership Grid. Based on the concern for
people and the concern for production, this model identified five different leadership
styles, i.e. (Indifferent, Accommodating, Dictatorial, Sound, Power to change).
 Source: Managerial Grid Model of Leadership Explained (iedunote.com)

Both of these theories are frequently employed in organizations and businesses since
they are very trustworthy and scientific, and they are what allow the company to exist. In
this both theory provide you with a variety of options to engage and connect with your
team as a leader. It allows you to see how your strategy should vary as the situation
changes over time, so, because of this, organization is using this theory to implement.

Source: Managerial Grid Model of Leadership Explained (iedunote.com)

Tannenbaum and Schmidt It allows you to gradually enhance or decrease your team's
involvement in decision-making. The Mouton managerial Grid is used by managers to
utilize it to generate better results and boost productivity. Tannenbaum and Schmidt
suggest the continuum "behavior of leadership. In Mouton, through a technical approach
called grid training, the managers use it to examine their natural leadership styles.
Some of these are the similarities and differences of these theories.
Task2: Memorandum to CEO

To: Mr.Janardan Dev Pant, CEO of Nirdhan Utthan Laghhubittya Sanstha.

From: Avay Karki, Administrative Manager

Date: 17th July, 2021

Subject: Pestle factor affected in organization.

Here we have discussed some of the external factors that affect the organization i.e
(social, legal, economic, political, technological, ethical). This external factor affects the
outside premises of the bank and affects the entire operation of the banking sector.
Changes in structure, as well as changes in the way services and goods are produced,
are all part of any organization's adaptation to the external environment (Duncan, 2021).

To focus on the more external environmental factors that affect the bank. We need to
focus on the study of PESTLE analysis for further influence of organization. Banks are
unable to act independently and are required to provide services in accordance with
particular rules that impact their growth and offerings.

Political factor: In the context of Nepal Government legislation has been impacted in the
banking sector as a result of political influence and corruption among parties. All parties
are corrupted in the political field.

Economy factor: Because of the economy component, revenue flows in the banking
industry during times of recession and inflation affect the currency, causing the value to
be unstable.

Social factor: The banking sector is influenced by sociocultural factors such as cultural
influences, buying habits, and necessities. It turns to banks for advice and assistance
for loans related to business.

Technology factor: Baking technology has also advanced in the twenty-first century.
Many banks offer a mobile app for checking accounts, transferring funds, and paying
bills on smartphones. This change minimizes the amount of paper used and eliminates
the need to reinvent the wheel drive to the branch to resolve these matters.

Legal factor: In terms of the legal aspect of the banking sector, strong privacy and
consumer rules, as well as a trading structure, have been adopted. By the use of
technology it has reduced paperwork, and mobile banking apps have taken care of a
number of concerns. (kavita, 2019). For more detail look (Appendix 1).

I hope you will find the material useful in changing your business's fresh idea. The
business and corporation will be improved as a result of the PESTLE factor.

Please contact me if you have any questions or concerns.

Thank you.
Task3: Organizational Cultural and Technology.

The set of values, expectations, and practices that guide and inform the activities of all
team members is referred to as organizational culture and It affect all aspects of
business. The culture of a business is also one of the most important markers of
employee satisfaction, and one of the key reasons why nearly two-thirds of employees
(65 percent) stay in their jobs. (wong, 2022)

Technology has advanced to a new level in the twenty-first century. As a result, all
businesses are developing new technology channels. With the support of scientific
understanding, it has been evolving day by day. Some employees in certain companies
are also members of trade unions. It mostly operates between two distinct groups of
workers that are tied to management. Trade unions are organizations made up of
workers from many fields who get together to work for the common good of their
members. (Bennett, 2021)

Technology has both positive and negative effects on the business world. In the face of
pandemics and other threats, technology can help make society more robust.
Companies have introduced several critical technologies to operate their businesses as
a result of the pandemic, such as digital payment, telemedicine, robots, and so on. The
banking industry has announced that all transactions will be conducted via mobile and
online banking. According to report by Fintech Razorpay, online business has grown by
80%in 2020 over the previous year (standard, 2021)

As a result, there are various examples of organizational culture. It complements the

right people with the appropriate culture at Zappos. It is customary to weed out people
in order to pay the bills and keep the committed this is what stands for. In the twenty-
first century, contemporary technology plays a significant role in the banking industry,
which has grown as a result of its implementation. The process of buying and selling
stocks and shares has been altered because of online technology. Main important factor
is cloud computing. For more detail see (Appendix2)
Task4
Scientific Decision Making useful data that can be used to judgments. It is
popular because of the vast range of available
Some executives utilize scientific deception to data, hard level of data analytics, skills and the
make rational decisions for their businesses andexperience of data analysts.
corporations. It involves each stage in the
cognitive process following the one before it in a
logical order. It is the study of discovering and
selecting alternatives based on the decision
maker's values of preference. The highest
probability of success or effectiveness and Best
fits with our goals, desires and lifestyle they are
the alternatives possibility or choice of decision
(Melville, 1853). Scientific Decision Making used
to make data mining and big data used to find

Intuitive Decision Making

Some business leaders took advantage of this

deception for their own gain. This management
decision is based on implicit knowledge
transmitted to the conscious mind through affect or
unconscious cognition at the instant of decision.
Its benefit is that it is based on personal
experiences and allows for faster decision-making
rather than scientific evidence. This involves the
application of "rules of thumb" that may or may
appropriate in the given decision situation.

Ursula Burns is an example of someone who made decisions intuitively. As the previous
Chairman and CEO of Xerox Corporation. She shines in the fact that when we have to make an
ambiguous or jump-ball decision, we employ two things to help our decision-making. This could
be a risky business because not everyone is capable of making the following moral decisions.
 She used intuitive examples in her business in order to improve the company and
generate a profit. Usula Burns encountered a variety of challenges, but she never gave up and
pushed her Xerox company to new heights.

Task5: Mini Report (My business Proposal)

Since the pandemic began, several small businesses have closed as a result of covid-
19. They have suffered significant losses in their businesses, and many small company
owners have closed their doors and relocated to their village. Some non-essential shops
have been forced to close, while small and medium firms have struggled to make
money and grow into larger enterprises.

As a result, numerous SMEs have closed in the 2020-2021 fiscal year. As a result,
those whose businesses have failed are struggling and fighting for food, capital, and
jobs. According to (Clark, 2021), 37 percent of who has SME has loss their business in
this pandemic. For more detail look (Appendix3)

So I came up with an idea for a little business, which is Online Vegetable Delivery. This
business will surely work in this pandemic because everything is shut down outside and
people will not be able to go out, so I prefer an online vegetable shop where people can
place orders and we will deliver to their homes with safety precautions. So to arrange
vegetables for clients we have made a page i.e fresh vegetables in which we have
made on the off chance that clients buy up to 200 Rs, we will convey it for free. To
advance this thought I will share my page in various locals sites where my SME
business will be developed. In the event if my business will rise then I’ll add natural
products, meats, in which clients have a significant degree of satisfaction and time will
likewise be saved. In this moment of pandemic this small business will run as expected
in light of the fact that individuals are terrified with sickness so if we can maintain this
business it will be useful for clients. There will be all types of fresh vegetables, in which
clients get attractions and cost will be reasonable then others shop. There will be 3-4
staff to deliver the vegetables. For detail of page look (Appendix4).

Task6: Module Tracker

Topi Read Canvas Canvas Video Canvas Quiz Recomme

c Page nded

Reading

✔ Topic ✔ 13th June ,2021 writing ✔ Completed ✔ 27th

1
1,

Sunday and introduction of on 15th June,2

13th Assignment June ,2021 021
June,202
✔ June15,2021
1

Definition of Management

✔ June27,2021

Stakeholders and
stakeholder mapping

✔ Topic2 ✔ 22th June,2021 ✔ Completed ✔ 22th

2

22th on 22th June,2

June,202 ✔ Leadership styles; June 021
1 Tannenbaum and Tuesday,2

Schmidt continuum 021

 Leadership styles; Blake
Mouton, managerial Grid

3 27th june,2021
✔ Topic3 ✔ Completed ✔ 29th

✔ Introduction to on 29th June,2

Sunday
June,2021 021
27thjune,2021 stakeholders

Stakeholders and
stakeholder mapping

29th june,2021

PESTLE Analysis

4
✔ Topic4 ✔ 4thjuly,2021 ✔ Completed ✔ 6th

Sunday on July,20
Digital business:
4thjuly,20 21
Tuesday 6th
21 Richard:
July,2021
Heaslip:

TEDxOxbridge

Why is competition
good for business?

Tuesday 6thjuly,2021

5
✔ Topic5 ✔ Sunday 11th july,2021 ✔ Completed ✔ 12th

on Monday July,20
Will COVID kill
✔ Sunday 12th 21
Globalization?
11th July,2021

july,2021 Methods of Entering

international market
 What are Emerging
markets?

6
✔ Topic6 ✔ One to one Tutorial ✔ ✔

Sunday Sunday 18th July,2021

18th
July,2021

7
✔ Topic7 ✔ CIPD developments in ✔ Completed ✔ 27th

Sunday employee relations on July,20

25th Tuesday 21
Short description of
July,2021 27th
trade union
July,2021
th
Tuesday 27 July,2021

CIPD by trade unions

TUC- why join a Union

8
✔ Topic8 ✔ Monday 2nd ✔ Completed ✔ 4th

Monday August,2021 on August

2nd Wednesda ,2021
Impact of Technology
August,2 y 4th
on Management
021 August,20
Innovation of 21
technology

Strategy on technology
and opportunity and
threats
9
✔ Topic9 ✔ Sunday 8th ✔ Completed ✔ 13th

Sunday August,2021 on Friday August

8th 13th ,2021
Scientific-Decision
August,2 August,20
Making
021 21
Intuitive Decision
Making

✔ Friday 13th

August,2021

✔ PODCAST:

Management Decision
Making

10
✔ Topic10 ✔ Sunday 15th August, ✔ Completed ✔ 17th

Sunday 2021 Small Business on 17th August

15th Survival During the UK August,20 ,2021
August,2 COVID-19 Lockdown: 21
021 Can SMEs Furlough
Employees?

✔ Tuesday 17th

August,2021

Idea to build (SMEs)

11
✔ One to

one
Meeting
12
✔ Drop in

Sessions

References
Anon., 2021. [Online]
Available at: https://freepestelanalysis.com/pestel-pestle-analysis-of-banking-industry/
[Accessed 2019].

Anon., 2021. https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/online-

transactions-grew-80-in-2020-driven-by-tier-2-3-cities-razorpay-121011201085_1.html.
Business Standard , Issue 2021/01/12.
Bennett, 2021. The Economic Times.
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/Trade-Union, 22 08.

Clark, J., 2021. The Daily Star. [Online]

Available at: https://www.thedailystar.net/business/news/37pc-employees-small-
businesses-lost-jobs-survey-1981653
[Accessed 24 08 2021].

Kavita, 2019. iZenBridge. [Online]

Available at: https://www.izenbridge.com/blog/pestle-analysis-external-business-
environment/
[Accessed 2019].

Melville, H., 1853. Bartleby. [Online]

Available at: https://www.bartleby.com/essay/Scientific-Decision-Making-Process
[Accessed 11 1853].

standard, B., 2021. https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/online-

transactions-grew-80-in-2020-driven-by-tier-2-3-cities-razorpay-121011201085_1.html.
Business Standard , Issue 2021/01/12.

Wong, k., 2022. Achievers. [Online]

Available at: https://www.achievers.com/blog/organizational-culture-definition/
[Accessed 9 04 2022].

Academia, 2020.
https://www.academia.edu/4215659/EFFECT_OF_EXTERNAL_ENVIRONMENT_ON_
THE_OPERATIONS_OF_COMMERCIAL_BANKS_IN_NIGERIA#:~:text=Thus%2C
%20external%20environment%20are%20factors%20outside%20the%20premise,a
%20greater%20number%20of%20pensioners%20in%20a%20populatio. Academia.

Ben Wilson, 2021. Study.com. [Online]

Available at: https://study.com/academy/answer/how-does-political-legal-factors-
influence-the-banking-industry-provide-three-examples.html
[Accessed 2021].

global inequality, 2021. Global inquality. [Online]

Available at: https://povertynepal.weebly.com/sheept-factors.html#:~:text=The%20flag
%20of%20Nepal%20is%20very%20unique%2C%20being,worsen%20humanitarian
%20challenges%20and%20continue%20to%20stop%20development.
[Accessed 2021].

Michael Iacobucci, 2021. Interactions. [Online]

Available at: http://interactions.eldis.org/unpaid-care-work/country-profiles/nepal/social-
economic-and-political-context-nepal

Rojesh shrestha, 2021. https://nepaleconomicforum.org/neftake/covid-19-and-the-

nepali-banking-sector/. Nepali Economic Forum, Issue 2021.

Role of technology , 2021. The Role of TEchnology. [Online]

Available at: https://useoftechnology.com/role-technology-banking-industry/

Duncan, R. B. (1972). Characteristics of Organizational Environments and Perceived

Environmental Uncertainty
Appendices

Appendix: 1

External Factor Potential factor and Evidence

Political 1. In context of Nepal, banking sector has been impacted by

government law violations.

2. The Nepalese government is insecure in terms of politics,

with several instances of corruption occurring as a result
of underdeveloped parties. (global inequality, 2021)

Economic
2. As the pandemic, banking industry is affected in the
financial sector. In 2019/2020 it was 8.5% and
now the current budget is 5.4% due to the reduced literacy rate
 of Covid-19. (Rojesh shrestha, 2021)

Social 1. Changes in socio-cultural, social press and public

attitudes, growth of population

2. . Nepali banks disclose all aspects of CSR regardless of

ownership. Although the UN estimates that poverty in
Nepal has dropped from 42% in 1996 to about 25% in
2009. (Michael Iacobucci, 2021)

Technological 1. Emerging technologies, changes in technological rate,

internet and remote working and communications cost.

2. In today’s technology, banking sector has embraced the

use of technology to serve its client faster and to do more
with less. Emerging technology has transformed the
banking industry from paper and branch banks to
“computerized banking services”. (Role of technology ,
2021)

Legal 1. Consumer law, discrimination law, safety and healthy

laws, antitrust rules, employment legislation.

2. Every country has different laws and regulation towards

banking so it affect the financial industry and have to face
labor laws. It is same as political it hampers the law and
the bank functions. (Ben Wilson, 2021)
 Environmental 1. Climate and weather changes, usage of green products,
natural disasters, environmental factors.

2. In the context of Nepal, the economy affects business by

taxes, government spending, general demand, interest
rates, exchange rates and European and global
economic factors. If all this should be manage then there
will be no good environment on the bank. . If all of this
has to be done then there will be no good place for the
bank (Academia, 2020)

Appendix 2: Cloud Computing

In 2020, a quarter of financial institutions want to invest in or use cloud computing.

Cloud proponents fail to persuade the sceptics because their arguments contradict the
holdouts personal experiences and you can't fight experience with theory. In the
banking industry there are three trends which are implemented in cloud computing: AI
adoption, the platformification of analytics, Financial Health at the basis of competition.
Appendix3: SME business affected rate in south Asia.

In this shown figure in South Asia there is a high place of deals in this 2020 in which
individuals of Bangladesh have lost their private company in the pandemic.
Appendix4: Business idea
Source:
(1) Best fresh vegetables | Facebook