Moments of Inertia

of Areas
 Moment of Inertia
 Second moment of plane
areas ( �2 ��, �2 �� )
 Moments and products of
inertia arise in the analysis of
linear load distributions acting
on plane areas.
 Encountered in the
determination of resultants
acting on submerged surfaces.
 Moment of Inertia of Area
 From previous lesson, first moment of area:

 Moment of Inertia of Area about x and y axes respectively:

 Sometimes called the “second moment of inertia”

 Dimensions are �4 (�4 , ��4 , ��4 , ���)
 Moment of inertia is always positive
Polar Moment of Inertia

 Where: Jo = polar moment of inertia

r = distance from O to dA
Ix and Iy = moments of inertia of 2
perpendicular axes intersecting at O.
 Polar moment of inertia is always positive
 Dimensions are �4 (�4 , ��4 , ��4 , ���)
Parallel-Axis Theorem

Where:
Ia = moment of inertia about an
arbitrarily oriented a-axis
�� = represents the moment of
inertia about the parallel axis that
passes through the centroid C
d = distance between the axes
(transfer distance)
Parallel-Axis Theorem (Polar
Moment of Inertia, Jo)

Where:
Jo = polar moment of inertia about
origin O
�� = polar moment of inertia about
the centroid C
A = area
� = �2 + �2 distance between O
and C
 Example
The centroid of the plane region is located at C. If the area
of the region is 2000 mm2 and its moment of inertia about
the x-axis is Ix = 40 × 106 mm4 , determine Iu.
Example
Radius of Gyration
 Refers to the imaginary radius from the reference axis where the whole
area is assumed to be concentrated.
Method of Composite Areas

Polar Moment of Inertia

Inertial Properties of Plane
Areas
Inertial Properties of Plane
Areas
Inertial Properties of Plane
Areas
Inertial Properties of Plane
Areas
 Example
Calculate �� , �� and the radius of gyration for the shaded region.
For the area shown in Fig. (a), calculate the radii of gyration
about the x- and y-axes.
Example
By integration, determine the moments of inertia about
the x- and y-axes for the region shown.
 1 1
�� = �2 �� = �2 (�2 − �1)��
0 0

from equation 1
x1 = y
from equation 2
x2 = �

dy dA = (x2-x1)dy

1
�� = �2 ( � − �)��
0
1
�� = �2 ( � − �)��
0
7
1 �2 �4
=[ 0 7
−
4
)��]
2
2 1
=( − ) − 0
7 4
1
��= �4
28
 1 1
�� = �2 �� = �2 (�1 − �2)��
0 0

from equation 1
y1 = x
from equation 2
dA = (y1-y2)dx y2 = x2

1
dx
�� = �2 (� − �2 )��
0
1 �4 �5
=[ 4
+
5
)��]
0

1 1
=( − ) − 0
4 5
1
��= �4
20
SEATWORK
Determine the moments of inertia for the
cross-sectional area of the member shown in the
figure shown about the x and y centroidal axes.