COURSE: MC English 2

COURSE TITLE: Teaching Literacy in elementary Grades through Literature

TOPIC: Subject and Verb & Adjectives
DISCUSSANT: ANTONET MORILLA
PROFESSOR:
YEAR&BLOCK: III - 22
TERM: 2st semester
DAY&TIME: Saturday/12:20-2:40 pm

Subject and Verb Agreement

A verb must always agree in number with its subject.

The number indicates whether the subject is singular or plural. A noun is

singular when it refers to one, and plural when it refers to two or more.

If a subject is singular it should take the singular verb (s-form). If the subject
is plural it must take the plural verb (base form).

Examples:

A planet revolves around the sun.

Planets revolve around the sun.

1. Subjects joined by and (compound subject) require a plural verb.

Example:

Karl and Eli help their teachers at all times.

Subjects joined by and that refer to the same person or thing or regarded as one
require a singular verb.

Examples:

My brother and friend tutors me in Chemistry.

Bread and butter was all I had this morning.

2. Subjects joined by either... or, neither... nor, and or require verbs that agree
with the nearer subject.

Example:

The teacher or the students accept the award.

3. Subjects joined by intervening words such as with, together with, as well as,
including and other similar words require verbs that agree with the first subject.

Example:

The team captain, together with the players, joins the inter-school training.

4. Subjects that are titles of books require singular verbs.

Example:
Lord of the Flies is my brother's favorite book.

5. Subjects that are amount of money, time or distance and follow plural nouns
re- quire singular verbs.

Examples:

Two hours is all Ella needs to complete her report.

Five pesos is not so much to pay for a pen.
Three meters seems too big for a gown.

6. Subjects that are preceded by an of-phrase require verbs that agree with the
word before the of-phrase.

Examples:

One of the boys misses the test.

Hundredths of trees were planted by our class.

7. Singular nouns ending in s and singular in meaning take singular verbs.

Examples:

Economics challenges my sister.

News keeps us informed on what goes on in and out of our country

8. Plural nouns ending in s and plural in meaning require plural verbs.

Examples:

My cousin's spectacles need cleaning.

New clothes were donated to the White Cross Orphanage.

9. Singular indefinite pronouns require singular verbs while plural indefinite pro
nouns take plural verbs.

Examples:

Everyone recites the rosary fervently.

All are invited to the meeting later.

10. An adjective introduced by the article the when used as a subject takes plural
verb.

Example: The young are the hope of our nation.

11. Subjects that follow a verb may be singular or plural.

Examples:

There are twenty boys in Alisa's class.

There is a papaya tree in front of the chapel.

12. The expression a number requires plural verb while the number requires a
singular verb.

Examples:
A number of science experiments contribute to the advancement of the society.
The number of teachers is enough for the student population.
13. Subjects composed of an affirmative and a negative part require verbs that
agree with the affirmative subject.

Example:

John's sister, not his brothers, supports him in taking up interior designing.

Adjective

Adjectives are words that modify nouns or pronouns.

1. Descriptive adjectives are common qualities of nouns or pronouns.

2. Proper adjectives are formed from proper nouns. They always start with capital
letters.

Examples:

Nouns Adjectives

Switzerland Swiss watch

China Chinese lantern

Limiting Adjectives

Limiting adjectives point out nouns or denote numbers.

1. Numeral adjectives denote exact number.

Example: The third boy in the line is my cousin.

2. Articles denote whether the noun is used definitely or not.

3. Pronominal adjectives are pronouns used to limit or point out nouns.

a. Possessive adjectives- my, you, his, her, it, our, their

Example: Their house is next to ours.

b. Indefinite adjectives- some, many, few, several, all

Example: Some pupils were called to the guidance office.

c. Distributive adjectives- each, every, either, neither Example: Neither story

was published is the school paper.

d. Demonstrative adjectives- this, that, these, those

Example: Those books are Mrs. De Guzman's.

e. Interrogative adjectives- which, what, where

Example: Which brand do you prefer?

Adjectives in Series

Several adjectives may be used to describe nouns and pronouns. They are
known series of adjectives. Their order is determined by this pattern.
Deter Qua Size Shape Age Color Proper Noun Noun
miner -lity Adjective Adjective Modified

Exam-
ples:
Glit- Muscu-
1. a te- tall lar old silver Italian table chain
ring square Ameri- soldiers
2.se- well- can lamp
veral kno
wn
3. an exp
ensi
ve

Comparison of Adjectives

1. The positive degree is the basic form of an adjective; it simply describes the
noun or pronoun.

2. The comparative degree compares two nouns or pronouns.

Most one or two-syllable adjectives form their comparative degree by adding -er
to the positive.

long- longer

short -shorter

Most three or more syllable adjectives form their comparative degree by using
more before the positive degree.

Intelligent- more intelligent

powerful -more powerful
trustworthy - more trustworthy

3. The superlative degree compares three or more nouns or pronouns.

Most one or two-syllable adjectives form their comparative degree by adding -est
to the positive.

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

long longer longest

short shorter shortest

happy happier happiest

Most three or more syllable adjectives form their superlative degree by using
most before the positive.

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

trustworthy more trustworthy most trustworthy

intelligent more intelligent most intelligent

powerful more powerful most powerful