CLASS- VIII th

SUBJECT – CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER –4
TOPIC – MATERIALS:
METALS AND NON-
METALS.

Presented by:
Mrs. Bithika Chhotray.
▪ Before learning about chemical characteristics of elements,
we should be aware of certain terms related to chemical
properties.
▪ Chemical properties explains us how the atoms and
molecules undergoes chemical changes.
▪ These chemical changes are represented by different type
of reactions which are further represented by chemical
equations.
▪ A chemical equation represents the symbolic
representation of an chemical change.
▪ Before writing an equation, we should be aware of the
chemical change that is taking place, the symbols of the
corresponding elements or compounds.
❖ Essentials of a chemical equation:
❖It should represent an actual chemical change.
❖It should be balanced (the number of atoms of
different element should be equal on both the sides)
❖It should be molecular.
An chemical equation is represented as:
A + B AB
Where A and B are called as reactant, and AB is the
product.
Reactants are written towards the left side of arrow,
and product is written towards the right side.
 When the equation is written with the reactants
and products are called skeletal equation. But in
this equation the number of atoms of some
elements on the two sides is not the same.
 When the number of atoms of the different
elements on the two sides becomes equal is
called a balanced chemical equation.
 When a skeletal equation is represented in the
form of atoms it is called atomic equation.
 When a skeletal equation is represented in the
form of molecules it is called molecular equation.
 DIFFERENT TYPEOF CHEMICAL REACTION:
▪ Combination reaction: the reaction in which two or
more elements or compounds combine to form a
single compound is called combination reaction.
X +Y XY.
▪ Decomposition reaction: the chemical reaction in
which under suitable conditions one single
compound splits into multiple simpler substances.
AB A+B
 Balance the following chemical equations: