Limits, fits and tolerances

1. Limits:
Two extreme permissible sizes of a
part between which the actual size is
contained are called limits.

3. Tolerance
The total amount a dimension or feature is permitted to vary. The tolerance
is the difference between the maximum and minimum limits.
1. Unilateral Tolerance (One Side) 2. Bilateral Tolerances (Two Side)
3. Fit
A fit refers to the clearance between two mating parts.
Types of fit :
1. Clearance Fit: The hole is larger than the shaft, enabling the two parts to
slide and / or rotate when assembled.
2. Transition / Location Fit: The hole is fractionally smaller than the shaft
and mild force is required to assemble / disassemble.
3. Interference Fit : The hole is smaller than the shaft and high force and /
or heat is required to assemble / disassemble.
Basic Hole System: A basic hole system is a system of fits in which the design size of the
hole is the basic size and the allowance, if any, is applied to the shaft.

Basic Shaft System: A basic shaft system is a system of fits in which the design size of the
shaft is the basic size and the allowance, if any, is applied to the hole.
Preferred Hole Basis Fits Preferred Shaft Basis Fits
Hole Basis Metric Clearance Fits
Shaft Basis Metric Clearance Fits
Hole Basis Metric Clearance Fits
Hole Basis + Clearance Fits + Loose Running (H11/C11)

The size of Hole to maintain – 10.000 to 10.090 (Tol. 0.090)

The size of shaft to maintain - 9.830 to 9.920 (Tol. 0.090)

Fit allowance is 0.080 to 0.260mm

Shaft Basis Metric Clearance Fits
Shaft Basis + Clearance Fits + Loose Running (C11/h11)

The size of Hole to maintain – 10.080 to 10.170 (Tol. 0.090)

The size of shaft to maintain - 9.910 to 10.000 (Tol. 0.090)

Fit allowance is 0.80 to 0.260mm