petition in Name: = ) ese eee Dae. Worksheet 16 1. What is the SI unit of electric charge? A Ohm B Newton © Coulomb CB Aper 0 1 Aoujo@/3 ONEIS :9T Je\deyD 2. Aneutral conducting ball is placed near a negatively-charged conducting ball eutal aoe nogativehscharged ae conducting ball Which of the following is likely to happen? A The neutral ball moves towards the charged ball and attaches to it. B The neutral ball moves away from the charged ball. © Both balls move towards each other and then move away from each other after they touch. D The charged ball moves away from the neutral ball. i) 3. Why does object A become negatively charged after it is rubbed with object B? Electrons have moved from object A to object B. Electrons have moved from object 8 to object A. Protons have moved from object A to object B. Protons have moved from object B to object A. CF vom 4. Xia light metal ball suspended by a nylon thread. When a positively-charged rod is placed near it, X is attracted to the charged rod, as shown in the diagram. Which of the following is possible? 1 Xis negatively charged. 2 Xis positively charged. 3 Xis neutral ‘ A tonly B Sony © Land 3 only D 2and3ony ( ) ‘© 2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Lid Static Electicity SL5. Shoppers sometimes experience tiny electric shocks in airconditioned shopping malls. This is because the air in the shopping malls is A wet, Bo ary. € filled with electrons. D filled with protons. ty Section B: EDR CCCTes i 1. Table 16.1 shows objects 1 and 2 charged to various extents. Both objects are brought near each other. Complete the table with either “attract” or “repel”. Table 16.1 Charged object 1. Charged object 2 i hal Sane ‘ 430 +30 +26 +16 =10 +10 | =1¢ =4¢ 2. Anegatively-charged metal sphere is suspended by an insulating thread. When a large, negatively- charged conductor is brought near, the sphere is deflected, as shown in Figure 16.1. negatively charged metal sphere larg negative charged conductor insulating stand Figure 46.4, (a) Explain the deffection of the metal sphere using the concept of the electric field. 152 Worksheet 16 (© 2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd(b) Draw the correct electric field pattern (i) of a positive charge (Figure 16.2); © Figure 16.2 (il) of a negative charge (Figure 16.3); ) 9° Figure 16.3 (ili). between a positive charge and a negative charge (Figure 16.4); a Figure 16.4 {iv) between two positive charges (Figure 16.5). a Figure 16.5 © 2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ld StatleElectety 153Figure 16.6 shows a negatively-charged polythene strip brought near @ suspended pith ball. negative charged polthene stip bent gass rod pith al wooden stand 4 Fewre 16.6 (a) Ifthe pith ball moves away from the approaching polythene strip, state what could be concluded about the type of charge on the pith ball. Explain your answer. {b) Ifthe pith ball moves towards the approaching polythene strip, discuss if this means that the pith ball is positively charged. Explain your answer. 4. Figure 16.7 shows a negatively-charged polythene strip brought near (but not touching) an uncharged metal sphere S. metal sphere S negatnelycharged pobhene stip |— insulating stand 4 Figure 16.7 (a) On Figure 16.7, draw the charge distribution (if any) on metal sphere S. 154 Worksheet 16 {© 2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pe td(b) With the polythene strip still in position, the right side of metal sphere S is touched by @ person’s hand. Describe what happens. (e) The polythene strip is now removed. Draw the final charge distribution on metal sphere S. metal sphore S Insulating stand 5. A conducting sphere is suspended by a cotton string. It is placed between two metal plates. One plate is earthed and the other is connected to a high-voltage supply. The sphere is displaced as shown in Figure 16. plate x | a Feure 16.8 (a) When the sphere is displaced, it moves towards and touches plate X. Explain this. (b) The sphere moves away from plate X after touching it. Explain this. © 2014 Matsal Cavendish Education Petts state Becticty 1556. Figure 16.9 shows metal spheres A and B on insulating supports touching each other. Describe how the two spheres can be charged with equal but opposite charges using a glass rod and a piece of silk. (Hint: When glass and silk are rubbed together, electrons transfer from the glass to the silk.) ‘Figure 16.9 7. In countries like Australia where the climate is dry, the build-up of static electricity in petrol stations ould lead to accidents. During the refuelling of a vehicle, a motorist may re-enter his vehicle. As the motorist slides over the vehicle seat, the friction between his clothes and the seat causes @ build-up of static electricity on his body. When he leaves his vehicle and touches the fuel ! dispenser, his body Is discharged. A spark may form, igniting the fuel vapour at the fuel dispenser. (a) Charged particles transfer from the vehicle seat to the motorists body, causing the build-up of static electricity on the motorist's body. Name these charged particles. (b) Motorists are advised that if they re-enter their vehicles during refuelling, they should touch : @ metal surface (e.g. a metal part of the vehicle) before touching the fuel dispenser. Explain why. (c) Suggest why the risk of such accidents in Singapore is low. | | 156 worshost 16 1© 2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte ltd |‘Singapore has one of the highestrates of lightning activity in the world. On average, 174 thunderstorm days (days on which thunder is heard) are recorded annually by the Meteorological Services Division of the National Environment Agency of Singapore. Figure 16.10 shows the distribution of thunderstorm days in a particular year. As thunder is caused by lightning, Figure 16.10 is indicative of the rate of lightning activity Number of thunderstorm days “an Feb Mar Apr May JunJul Aug Sep Oct Nov Deo ‘Figure 16.10 (a) Suppose you are organising a soccer tournament in an open field in Singapore. State the two months in which the tournament should be held to reduce the risk of soccer players getting struck by lightning. (b) The occurrence of thunderstorm days shown in Figure 16.10 refiects the rate of lightning activity over the year. The high rate of lightning activity for most of the year is due to highly charged clouds. Explain how the high moisture content of the air in Singapore causes the formation of these highly charged clouds. (ce) Describe the type of charge movement that occurs between a charged storm cloud and the tip of a lightning conductor on a building during a lightning strike, given that the base of the cloud is negatively charged (d) Explain why the likelihood of getting struck by lightning is greater in an open field than in a built-up area. 2014 marshall Cavendish Education Pte id Static Electictty 157ree-Response Questions 4. Theoll drop experimentwas first performed in 1909 by scientists Rober Millikan and Harvey Fletcher. In the experiment, a potential difference is applied across a parallel pair of horizontal metal plates (Figure 16.11). A uniform electric field is created in the space between the two charged plates. A fine mist of oil droplets is sprayed through a nozzle into the space between the plates. As the oll Is sprayed, some oil drops become electrically charged by friction with the nozzle. The charged oll drops can be made to rise and fall by controlling the voltage across the plates. ‘Figure 16.34 (a) On Figure 16.11, draw the electric field pattern between the two charged plates. Assume the oil drop has no effect on the electric field pattern, (b) The oil drop is suspended in the space between the two charged plates. (i) _ State the charge on the suspended oil drop. Explain your answer. (ii) State and explain what will happen to the oil drop if the air surrounding it is moist. 158 workshest 16 ‘© 2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte itdData-Based Question ‘A photocopier uses static electricity to make copies of documents. Figure 16.12 shows the metal drum of a photocopier being rotated near a highly charged corona wire. This results in the entire surface of the drum being positively charged. charged corone wie leniumensted drum 4 Figue 16.12 (a) The material used to coat the drum, selenium, is a photoconductor. Explain what this means. () A picture of a large letter “E" is placed on a sheet of clear glass above the drum. An intense beam of light is shone on the picture. The picture then reflects the light onto the drum. The grey area on Figure 16.13 shows the part of the drum that receives less light. a Figure 16.33, (i) On Figure 16.13, draw the new distribution of the positive charges on the drum. (ii) Explain your answer to (b)(I).160 {e) (0) Asthe drum continues to rotate, toner powder from a toner cartridge is attracted to the “E” on the drum. State if the toner powder is positively charged or negatively charged. (il) After the toner powder has been attracted onto the “E” on the drum, a sheet of paper is assed over the drum surface. The toner powder that is attracted from the drum onto the sheet of paper is then fused by heat to the paper. State if the sheet of paper is positively charged or negatively charged. (a) Explain why the photocopier operates more effectively in an air-conditioned room in which the surrounding air is dry, WORK ON In the table below, circle the question(s) that you have answered incorrectly, Revisit the relevant section(s) in the textbook to strengthen your understanding of the key concept(s). Question(s) a Learning Objective ‘Multiple- Sis Free- Sections) Choke | Struct Response (a) State that charge is measured in 7 coulombs (C). : - oe {b) State that like charges repel and 1, 21a), 3, unlike charges attract. 24 4a), 5 UO), 210) ae (©) State what an electric fed is. = 20) 140) 16.3 (@) Draw electric field patterns. = 20) 140) 16.3 (@) Describe and explain how electrostatic charging of insulators 3 6, 7(a), 8(0) - 16.4 occurs. (f) Describe the process of electrostatic 30), ‘charging of conductors by induction, a 4,5,6 2(b), 2¢¢) coe (8) Describe situations in which electrostatic charging may be 5 7.8 - 16.4 dangerous. (h) Describe how electrostatic charging is used in photocopiers and other . - 2 16.4 applications J Worksheet 16 © 2014 Marshal Cavendish Education Pe itd