First aid is an emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical

treatment is available.

The 5 main aims of first aid are:

 preserve life.
 prevent the escalation of the illness or injury.
 promote recovery.
 pain relief.
 protect the unconscious.

Emergency is a situation that poses an

immediate risk of health, life, property or environment.

Injury is a general term that refers to any damage to the human body.

SELF-AID IS ANY CARE GIVEN TO ONESELF.

FIRST AIDER REFERS TO A PERSON WHO GIVES FIRST AID.

HEMORRHAGE - IS AN ESCAPE OF LARGE QUANTITIES OF BLOOD FROM THE BLOOD VESSELS THAT
MAY CAUSE SHOCK.

SHOCK - IS A STATE OF CONDITION WHEN THERE IS NOT ENOUGH OR ADEQUATE BLOOD SUPPLIES
TO THE VITAL TISSUES AND ORGANS.

DRESSING - IS A STERILE PAD OR A COMPRESSED SPONGE THAT IS APPLIED DIRECTLY TO COVER

THE WOUND.

BANDAGE - IS A PIECE OF MATERIAL THAT IS USED TO SUPPORT ADDRESSING, SPLINT, OR AN

INJURED PART OF A PERSON'S BODY.

FRACTURE - REFERS TO A BREAK IN THE CONTINUITY OF A BONE.

HEAT INJURIES - OUR ENVIRONMENTAL INJURIES THAT MAY RESULT WHEN A PERSON IS EXPOSED TO
EXTREME HEAT, SUCH AS FROM THE SUN OR FROM HIGH TEMPERATURE.

HEAT CRAMPS - ARE MUSCLE SPASMS CAUSED BY LOW LEVELS OF SALT AND WATER IN THE BODY.

HEAT EXHAUSTION - IS CAUSED BY LOSS OF WATER THROUGH SWEATING AS CAUSED BY

INADEQUATE FLUID REPLACEMENT; IT MAY CAUSE HEAT STROKE.
Heat Stroke - is a medical emergency and can be fatal if not treated promptly and correctly. it occurs

when a person experiences an abnormally elevated body temperature caused by failure of the body

cooling mechanism when the environmental temperature is too high or there is dehydration.

Cold Injuries - are most likely to occur when an unprepared individual is exposed to very low
temperature and the blood circulation to the extremities become inadequate. This is also

known as frostbite.

Burn - is a type of injury to flesh or skin caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, friction, or radiation.
 Characteristics of
First Aider
Observant. The first aider should notice all signs and symptoms of the illness.

Resourceful. The first aider should make the best use of things at hand.

Gentle. The first aider should not cause pain to the victim/patient.

Tactful. The first aider should not alarm the victim/patient.

Sympathetic. the first aider should be comforting on the feelings and pain experienced by the

victim/patient.

Cheerful. the first aider should have a happy expression the inspires confidence.

OBJECTIVES OF FIRST AID

1. To alleviate suffering.

2. To prevent further injury, damaged or danger.

3. To prolong life.

IMPORTANCE OF FIRST AID

1. To save life.

2. To prevent permanent disability.

3. To reduce prolonged hospitalization.

BASIC LIFE SAVING STEP

1. Check for blood circulation (pulse).

2. Check for Breathing

3. Check for bleeding

4. Check for shock

PURPOSE OF FIRST AID TRAINING

1.To prevent incident

2. To train people to do right things at the night time.

3. To prevent added injury or danger.

4. To provide proper transportation if necessary.

5 To give first aid for large numbers of persons caught in a

natural disaster.