Airframe practical:

AIRFRAME QUESTIONS

1. How many methods are used for servicing main shock strut?
- 2 methods (preferred and alternate method)
2. Tools and equipment used in preferred method?
- Maintains and service manual, necessary tools (spanners pliers etc), hydraulic jacks,
nitrogen bottle with pressure regulator, long hose, cylinder key, measuring scale and
cotton cloth, etc.
3. Tell in short about the preferred method of the main landing gear strut.
- place aircrafts on jack and jack till the wheels are free to rotate about 6 or 6 and half
inch above ground.
- Connect hose from nitrogen cylinder to air valve of strut.
- Open nitrogen cylinder with key and screw in the regulator valve to give pressure up to
268psi
- Check the distance between upper- and lower-cylinder is should be 3 and half inch.
- Check the strut for leakage.
- If everything is ok remove hose from the strut and then cap it and release jack and
remove it form the aircraft.
4. What is the difference between preferred and alternate method of MLG or NLG strut
servicing?
- In preferred method aircraft is jacked but in alternate method the strut is compressed
fully on ground and then with the nitrogen pressure inflate the strut and check the
pressure.
5. When is it required to remove wheel and for what reasons wheel can be removed?
- Wheel can be removed when it requires necessary repair or tyre change or for checking
axel shaft condition.
6. What precautions are necessary while removing the wheel?
- Tyre must be deflated before removal of the axle.
- Cut locking wire and anti-skid generator cap and remove the skid generator.
- Remove the axle nut and then remove the wheel.
- Bearings and seals to be tagged because they are not interchangeable.
7. What type of lubricant is used while installing wheel?
- MIL-G-81322 grease used for cone bearings and cups, seals, and axle.

8. Which components are to be lubricated while landing gear lubrication? (at least 6)
- Landing gear door hinges, turrion pins, gear actuator attached fittings, piston rod felt
wiper, actuator down lock valve switch, main gear actuator wing attachment point
bearings, torque arm bushings, main landing gear actuator strut attachment point
bearings and axle.
9. How many types of brakes used in aircraft?
- Single disc, dual disc, multiple discs, segmented rotor disc, carbon brakes or expender
tube breaks
10. What is the difference between multiple discs brakes and carbon disc brakes?
- Both the breaks used in modern aircraft or larger heavy aircraft but carbon disc brakes
are light in weight approximately 40% than other brakes.
11. What do you mean by anti-skid system?
- Large aircrfat with power brakes requires anti-skid system, when wheel skid after
landing this system detects it and allows wheel to rotate and avoid skidding.
12. What are the main components of anti-skid system?
- Wheel sensor, control unit or control valve.
13. How many sensors are in wheels and which component control the whole system?
- Each wheel has sensor equipped with brake assembly with control valve and the whole
system is controlled by single control unit.
14. Where is the location of rudder pedals bushing?
- It is below the rudder pedals engaged in brackets.
15. Which lubricant is used for pedal bushing lubrication?
- Oil general purposes lubricant (OGP)
16. What is the purpose of hydraulic system in aircraft?
- It is the important system of aircraft by which following operation is carried out, landing
gear, flaps, flight control surfaces and brakes.
17. What are the basic components of the hydraulic system?
- Pump, reservoir, directional valve, check valve, presser relief valve, selector valve,
accumulator and filter.
18. What is accumulator and its function?
- It is a steel sphere divide into 2 chambers with help of synthetic diagram, the upper part
contains the fluid at system pressure and lower part is charged with dry air or nitrogen
(850psi). It works as a backup power system pressure.
19. At what pressure accumulator charged?
- 850psi
20. Hydraulic system pressure is?
- 1550 psi
21. When hydraulic system fails, is there any other system which takes over the hydraulic
systems functions?
- The pneumatic system takes over with the help of high-pressure air cylinder.
22. What is the location and the colour of the sir cylinder?
- It is black I colour cylinder in side the right nose panel and charged with 3000 psi dry air
23. What types of visual inspection done on aircraft air cylinder?
- We have to exterior for bluding, dents, corrosion or any mechanical defects and general
condition.
24. What type of mechanical defects found on the air cylinder?
- They include scratches, cuts, digs, and reduced wall thickness.
25. Whether air cylinder replaced or changed on aircraft?
- Normally air cylinder always replaced when required
26. Why is 02 is needed in aircraft?
- When breathing we easily breath at mean sea level (MSL) but in aircraft when altitude
increases the 02 pressure decreases up to 7000 feet, we can easily breath but above
10,000 feet O2 pressure still reduces and special arrangement is needed
27. What will happen if 02 level of human body is very low?
- Unconsciousness feeling will occur due to less supply of 02 to saturate in blood and this
condition is known as hypoxemia.
28. What is the location, colour and pressure of the oxygen cylinder in aircraft?
- The location is in the right-nose panel and colour is green and pressure at 1850 to 2200
psi.
29. How do passengers get 02 in aircraft when the o2 pressure is reduced below 1 psi?
- Passengers get oxygen form over the head mask above the seats when pressure is
reduced. The mask compartment door opens, the mask falls down and the passenger
has to stretch mask towards nose and then 02 flow will start. When you stretch a lever is
opened and then only the oxygen flow will start.
30. How oxygen flows form main 02 cylinder to passenger’s mask?
- From 02-cylinder manual shut off valve will always be kept open after filling and through
the regulator valve to passenger’s mask compartment, Solenoid valve and through
android switch. When 02 flows with pressure the mask compartment door opens and
mask falls down with the help of linear operated valve after stretching linear oxygen will
flow to passenger nose.
31. What is the difference between o2 used hospitals and o2 used in aircrafts?
- The difference is in the water contents in o2. A little bit water can be accepted in
hospitals but in aircrafts pure breather oxygen is used with no water content.
32. Which way does the emergency aircraft window opens from outside or inside? And how it
opens?
- It opens in both ways inside and outside. From Inside latch handle to be pulled and from
outside latch lift red knob and straight push in window opens.
33. What is the equipment’s used for checking internal leak of hydraulic systems?
- Maintenance manual or service manual. Hydraulic jack, outside hydraulic power cart.
Necessary spanners and cotton cloth.
34. Why outside hydraulic power cart used for this test (hydraulic system leak check)?
- For this test landing gear and flaps are to be retracted for this hydraulic power cart used.
35. Why engine driven hydraulic pump tested for leak check after installation.
- This test is done to assure whether pump shaft is properly seated in gear box or splines
of pump shaft and gear box splines are properly aligned and engaged.
36. What precautions to take while removing wheel for tyre change?
- Jack the particular landing gear till to rotate free. Before wheel removing tyre is to be
deflated with tyre deflator when tyre gets fully deflated then remove wheel.
37. How tyre is identified and what do you mean by 18” >< 4.25”- 10”
- Tyre is identified in 3 parameters overall diameter, width and rim diameter. So 18” is
overall diameter 4.25”is width and 10” rim diameter.
38. What type of inception done on tyre?
- Tyre condition is inspected while mounted on aircraft on regular basis: inflation
pressure, thread wear and sidewall (from drum to top) condition for performance
39. What type of gauges used for checking tyre pressure?
- Calibrated bardoun tube dial type or digital pressure gauge is used.
40. What you will check on tyre if at the time of landing heavily breaks are applied?
- This may cause tyre flat spot that expose under thread in such conditions tyres to be
replaced.
Date: 03-05-2021

Practical no. 18 visual inspection of the emergency air bottle

Rege sir

• Colour black (green for oxygen bottle both are mounted next to each other)
• Maximum pressure inside the bottle is 1800 psi to 3000 psi
• In case of excess temp, the excess relief valve opens a d the pressure from the bottle will be
released
• It is mounted on the nose section of the aircraft to the right side.
• It can be accessed through an access door.
• There is a charging valve and a control valve (both are part of the bottle itself)
• Pressure testing is done by the use of hydrotesting.
• Dimension of the bottle depends on the design of the bottle
• No. of bottles depends on the size of the a/c (normally 2 for large a/c and 1 for small a/c)

Practical no. 17 charging of the emergency air bottles

• Equipment: charging hose, charging ports at least 4000psi, charging cart, gauge,
• Check for serviceability
• Remove cap check the nut and Attach the charging hose to the air valve.
• Keep an eye on the pressure gauge.
• If the pressure exceeds the limit the relief valve opens.
• Charge up to 3000psi.

Practical no. servicing of hydraulic reservoir system

Function of reservoir: to store the hydraulic fluid and gives positive supply to the system

Pressurized from the baggage compartment through tapping for about 5 to 10 psi

It has a relief valve also for excess fluid which goes to the system

Equipment: ground power hyd fuel, spanners open end with proper size, adjustable spanner, hyd
fuild, cleaning agent specified in the manual

Prequations: Before serving maike sure hyd accumalotr is charged upto 850psi

Landing gear dorrs are extended donw and locked

Flaps are in neutral

Telcon area access door unlocked check for seepage and leakage

Two ways to check one is ground method and other is gravity method.

Reasons for contamination of the reseriovior: metal particales form friction not being filtered. After
bypass all contamination is passed to the reservoir.
System is depressurized

How to remove the air bubble while refilling? See whether its trapped remove nut.

Servicing of oxygen cylinder

Precaution:

1. Operator should wear dust free cloth, no oil or grease should be on the cloth

2. keep the charging area sealed with placard with no smoking board.

3. on Lear jet use only breathing oxygen FAA specification. MIL-O-27210 green coloured cylinder.

4. service carte cylinders should be checked for proper pressure, date of filling, exp. Date, and if any
cylinder found out of date or pressure below 15psi should be checked.

Procedure: 1. Get the high-pressure oxygen cart near aircraft and ground it with straps.

2. connect cart hose from cart manifold to the aircraft field port.

3. purge the air before refill hose with oxygen before opening the refill valve of the aircraft. (so that
the air bubble does not get in the aircraft)

4. it is very important that the process of charging should be done properly and slowly, because
rapid charging will create over heat cond.

5. open the aircraft manual shut-off valve and slowly charge the oxygen bottle to the pressure as
specified.

(form Yash pdf) table

6. close the aircraft cylinder manual shut-off valve.

7. remove the refill line form the refill port from the aircraft cylinder and cap it.

8. remove grounding strap of the cart and send cart back, and close the nose panel of the aircraft.

1. Type of oxygen to be used.

2. Safety precautions and the procedure to e used and the

Practical: remove wing leading edge:

Precautions: 1. Support wing leading edge so that the leading edge and attaching screws will not be
damaged during the removal procedure

1. Remove fuselage to wing attachment and remove screw bearings?

2. Disconnect and identify wing anti-ice plumbing (one is electrical other is …) and electrical
wring at inboard end of right-wing leading edge.
3. Remove the wing leading edge attaching screws and wing leading edge from the aircraft.

Practical: install wing leading edge.

Procedure: 1. Mechanically remove the old filler form the in(skin?) gap of leading edge and wing,
and from aroung fuelas farings to wing installion area.

2. Clean the skin gap and parings installation area with MEK solvent then wipe dry and do not
allow the MEK to air dry as residual on the surface.
3. Position the laedign edge on wing and secure with attaching screws .
4. Remove caps and connect anti-ice plumbing, and connent electrical wring on inboard wing ,
and identify and connect right wing only
5. Place the fuselage to the wing fairings in position and secure with attaching=g screws
6. Mix proSeal? 890B in accourandance with manufactures instructions.
7. Using some selaing (yash pdf)