E02-E01 (IEC) Rev 3 Sep 2015 (A) Power System and Equip. Design Cal

Addendum to SES Addendum No: 3
Date: JUN 2017

IEC-E02-E01 Power System and
ENGINEERING STANDARD
Equipment Design Calculations Page: 1 of 1
S.N. SES No.: IEC-E02-E01 Rev. No.:3 Paragraph No.: 16.6.4

1 Original Text:
16.6 Uninterruptable Power Supply Capacities
16.6.4 The battery charger is sized to recharge the batteries in six (6) hours while the UPS is
carrying 100% load.
New Text:
Modify the clause as follows:
16.6.4 The battery charger shall be sized to recharge the batteries within 10 times of the
discharge time while the UPS is carrying 100% load.
Notes:
1. Template shall be repeated for each addendum proposal
2. Separate forms shall be used for different standards.
IEC E02-E01 Power System and Equipment Design Calculations.docx
IEC-E02-E01 Date: March 2017

Power System and Equipment
Page: 1 of 2
Design Calculations
S.No. SES No.: IEC-E02-E01 Rev. No.: 3 Paragraph No.: 2

1 Original Text:
2 References
Reference is made in this standard to the following documents. The latest issues, amendments,
and supplements to these documents shall apply unless otherwise indicated.
SABIC Engineering Standards (SES)
IEC-E02-G01 Electrical System Design Criteria
IEC-E03-E01 Surge Protection
IEC-E04-S01 Liquid- Immersed Power Transformers (IEC)
IEC-E11-S03 Bonding and Grounding
IEC-E12-S01 Batteries and Racks
IEC-E12-S02 Battery Chargers
IEC-E12-X01 Batteries and Racks – Data Sheet
IEC-E12-X02 Battery Chargers – Data Sheet
IEC-E13-S01 Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)
IEC-E13-X01 Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Data Sheet
IEC-E16-E01 Selection and Application of Capacitors for Power Factor Improvement
IEC-E20-E01 Lighting Design Requirements
IEC-E22-C01 Wires and cables installation, splicing and termination requirements
Z01-G03 Metrification
Z01-G04 Measurement Units for Use in SABIC Projects
New Text:
2 References
Reference is made in this standard to the following documents. The latest issues, amendments,
and supplements to these documents shall apply unless otherwise indicated.
E20-E01 Lighting Design Requirements
Notes:
Addendum SES IEC-E02-E01 Power System and Equipment Design Calculations.docx
IEC-E02-E01 Date: March 2017

Page: 2 of 2
Design Calculations
S.N. SES No.: IEC-E02-E01 Rev. No.: 3 Paragraph No.: 16.9

2 Original Text:
16.9 Emergency & Stand by Diesel generator Capacity

16.9 3 The generator shall be capable of serving Level1 loads to be operated simultaneously as
required in NEC article 700.4, within 10 seconds.
16.9.4 The generator shall be capable of serving Level 1 loads to be operated simultaneously as
New Text:
16.9 3 The generator shall be capable of serving Level 1 loads to be operated simultaneously as
16.9.4 The generator shall be capable of serving Level 2 loads to be operated simultaneously as
S.N. SES No.: IEC-E02-E01 Rev. No.: 3 Paragraph No.: 16.7

3. Original Text:
16.7 Cable Sizing

16.7 1 Cable sizing shall comply with IEC 60364, IEC 60949, IEC 60986. Conductor sizing shall
take into account ambient temperature, continuous operating load, non-continuous loads, spared
loads, spared loads, future loads, conduit fill, tray fill, tray covers, and other factors that may
influence the allowable current rating.
New Text:
16.7 Cable Sizing

16.7.1 Cable sizing shall comply with IEC 60364, IEC 60949, IEC 60986. Conductor sizing shall
take into account ambient temperature, continuous operating load, non-continuous loads, spared
loads, future loads, conduit fill, tray fill, tray covers, and other factors that may influence the
allowable current rating.
Notes:
Addendum SES IEC-E02-E01 Power System and Equipment Design Calculations.docx
Date: Sep 2016

Design Calculations (IEC) Page: 1 of 4
S.N. SES No.: IEC-E02-E01 Rev. No.: 3 Paragraph No.: 9

1 Original Text:
9 Short Circuit Study
9.1 Short circuit studies shall be run to determine preliminary equipment rating and confirm required
equipment ratings for purchase.
9.2 The secondary of the 480 volt transformers shall be modeled with motor load equivalent to the
kVA rating of the transformer.
9.3 Buses with medium voltage motors shall be modeled with the actual motors at their nameplate
rating plus additional motors to represent the capacity provided for future additions up to the
maximum rating of the feeding transformer.
9.4 Fault calculations for equipment selection shall be based on the system operating configuration
that will result in the maximum available fault current.
9.5 Standard transformers impedances shall be used; deviations must be approved by SABIC.
Transformers shall be modeled with maximum allowed negative impedance tolerance.
9.6 Unless otherwise approved by SABIC, the utility supply to the plant shall be modeled using
Ultimate, Maximum and Minimum short circuit levels as per information in BEDD. For short
circuit studies the ultimate short circuit level shall be used and the power system shall be
modeled in its strongest configuration. For motor starting, the minimum short circuit level shall
be used and the power system shall be modeled in its weakest configuration. For protective
device co-ordination the whole range of short circuit levels shall be plotted on the co-ordination
curves.
9.7 For revamp, de-bottle necking, expansion projects, the downstream switchgears and equipment
shall be determined considering maximum short circuit rating of upstream switchgear, MCC or
distribution boards.
New Text:
9 Short Circuit and Arc Flash Studies
9.1 Short Circuit Study
9.1.1 Short circuit studies shall be run to determine preliminary equipment rating and confirm
required equipment ratings for purchase.
9.1.2 The secondary of the 480 volt transformers shall be modeled with motor load equivalent
to the kVA rating of the transformer.
9.1.3 Buses with medium voltage motors shall be modeled with the actual motors at their
nameplate rating plus additional motors to represent the capacity provided for future
additions.
9.1.4 Fault calculations for equipment selection shall be based on the system operating
configuration that will result in the maximum available fault current.
9.1.5 Standard transformers impedances shall be used; deviations must be approved by
SABIC. Transformers shall be modeled with maximum allowed negative impedance
tolerance.
9.1.6 Unless otherwise approved, the utility supply to the plant shall be modeled using
Ultimate, Maximum and Minimum short circuit levels as per information in BEDD. For
short circuit studies the ultimate short circuit level shall be used and the power system
shall be modeled in its strongest configuration. For motor starting, the minimum short
circuit level shall be used and the power system shall be modeled in its weakest
Notes:
IEC-E02-E01_(IEC)_Rev_3_Sep_2015_Power_System_and_Equipment_design_calculations.docx
Date: Sep 2016

configuration. For protective device co-ordination the whole range of short circuit levels
shall be plotted on the co-ordination curves.
9.1.7 For revamp, de-bottle necking, and expansion projects, the downstream switchgears and
equipment short circuit ratings shall be determined considering maximum short circuit
rating of upstream switchgear, MCC or distribution boards.
9.2 Arc Flash Study

9.2.1 Arc Flash calculations shall be performed to determine the arc-flash hazard distance and
the incident energy to which employees could be exposed during their work on or near
electrical equipment. These calculations shall be performed as per IEEE 1584 using
ETAP Arc Flash study module. In case of simple systems, calculations using the IEEE
1584 arc-flash calculator program may be acceptable, based on justification. Use of IEEE
1584 arc-flash calculator program is subject to SABIC prior written approval.
9.2.2. While conducting the Arc Flash Hazard risk assessment for IEC based equipment and
projects, the IEEE 1584-based default ‘phase-to-phase’ and ‘phase-to-ground’
clearances for IEEE based equipment in ETAP or in the arc-flash calculator program
shall be replaced with data relevant for IEC based equipment. Such data shall be
specifically obtained from IEC based equipment Vendors.
9.2.3. IEC based equipment are classified and tested as Internal Arc Classification (IAC) as per
IEC TR 61641 for LV and 62271-200 for MV equipment. The requirements for IAC for LV
and MV switchgear are specified in SES IEC-E08-S01 & S02 and for Motor Control
Centers are specified in SES IEC-E09-S01 & S02. The IAC classification is not related to
the Incident Thermal Energy as calculated per IEEE 1584.
9.2.3 The Arc Flash study results showing the incident thermal energy. The implementation of
the Arc Flash calculations shall be as per guidelines in IEC-E02-G02. The Arc Flash
Study report as produced in ETAP shall be put in a narrative format with the following
sections:
a. Tabular data from the study:
The input data, results and recommendations shall be put in tabular format showing
relevant data for the study.
b. Protective device duty analysis:
Protective device duties shall be tabulated identifying devices at or near their
interrupting duty ratings.
c. Incident energy calculations:
Incident energy values at the buses shall be tabulated. Incident energy levels
exceeding 10 cal/cm2 shall be highlighted since a 10 cal/cm2 threshold since third
degree burns result from exposures to 10.7 cal/cm2 (unprotected skin) or more.
d. Recommended engineering interventions:
Revised breaker/relay settings when those changes will result in satisfactory
outcomes with reference to Arc Flash Incident energy shall be provided. This section
shall also include a cost-benefit section for recommended interventions that
necessitate either equipment replacement or significant retrofitting of equipment to
lower incident energy exposure levels.
e. Equipment labeling:
The NEC (110.16) and NFPA 70E Article 130.5 (D) requires that all equipment with
arc flash hazard potential (i.e., >1.2 cal/cm2) be field marked to warn electrical
workers of the hazardous condition. This label normally includes the calculated
Notes:
Date: Sep 2016

incident energy value and other important safety information as per NFPA 70E Article
130.5 (D) including the required Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to be worn by
the Technician/Operator. Contractor shall provide such labels of durable materials
such as ‘DuraLabel’ or approved equal, along with the report to be pasted on to the
equipment. The list of equipment to be labeled shall be submitted along with the Arc
Flash Study.
Notes:
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
ENGINEERING REV. No. 3
STANDARD DATE SEP 2015

PAGE 1 OF 17

Design Calculations
This document is issued by ECoE, SABIC E&PM, Jubail Industrial City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The information contained in this
document is the confidential property of SABIC. It cannot be disclosed, copied or used for any purpose without approval from SABIC.
If you are not authorized to posses this document, please destroy it immediately.
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
Power System and Equipment REV. No. 3
Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015
ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 2 OF 17
CONTENTS
1 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 3
2 References ............................................................................................................... 3
3 General .................................................................................................................... 4
4 Environmental Requirements .................................................................................. 4
4.1 Site Conditions ................................................................................................. 4
5 Calculation Software ................................................................................................ 4
6 Sequence of Work and Approval ............................................................................. 5
7 Electrical Load Summary ......................................................................................... 5
8 Load Flow Study ...................................................................................................... 7
9 Short Circuit Study ................................................................................................... 7
10 Voltage Drop Calculations ....................................................................................... 7
11 Transient Stability Studies ....................................................................................... 8
12 Re-acceleration Studies ........................................................................................... 8
13 Load Shedding Studies ............................................................................................ 8
14 Harmonic Analysis ................................................................................................... 9
15 Power Factor Improvement ..................................................................................... 9
16 Equipment and Cable Sizing ................................................................................. 10
16.1 Definitions....................................................................................................... 10
16.2 Transformer Capacity ..................................................................................... 10
16.3 Switchgear Rating .......................................................................................... 13
16.4 Motor Control Center (MCC) Bus Rating ....................................................... 13
16.5 Battery and Charger Capacities ..................................................................... 13
16.6 Uninterruptable Power Supply Capacities ..................................................... 14
16.7 Cable Sizing ................................................................................................... 14
16.8 Motor Sizing ................................................................................................... 15
16.9 Emergency & Stand by Diesel generator Capacity ........................................ 15
17 Revision History ..................................................................................................... 17
Table 1 ............................................................................................................................11
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
1 Scope
This standard defines requirements and procedures for electrical system and equipment design
calculations.
This document is mainly based on lEC Standards and is created by conversion and modification of
the SABIC Engineering Standard (SES) that are ANSI/IEEE based.
2 References
Reference is made in this standard to the following documents. The latest issues, amendments, and
supplements to these documents shall apply unless otherwise indicated.
IEC-E20-E01 Lighting Design Requirements
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
60038 Standard Voltages
60059 Standard Current Ratings
60076 Power Transformers
60076-12 Loading Guide for Dry-Type Transformers
60364 Low Voltage Electrical installations of Buildings
60909 Short circuit currents in three-phase a.c. Systems
60949 Calculation of thermally permissible short-circuit currents
60986 Short circuit temperature limits of electric cables with rated voltages from 6 kV
(Um-7,2 kV) up to 30 kV ) (Um=36 kV)
61800-2 Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems - Part 2: General
requirements- Rating specifications for low voltage adjustable frequency a.c.
power drive systems
61800-3 Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems - Part 3: EMC requirements
and specific test methods
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
70 National Electrical Code
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
519 Recommended Practice and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric
Power Systems
C57.91 Guide for Loading Mineral-Oil-Immersed Transformers
High Commission for Industrial Security, Ministry of Interior, KSA (HCIS)
Security Directives for Industrial Facilities
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
SEC-01 Application of Security Directives

SEC-02 Security Fencing
SEC-03 Security Gate
SEC-04 Security Lighting
SEC-05 Integrated Security System
SEC-06 Security Directives
SEC-07 Power Supply
SEC-08 Communications
3 General
3.1 It is the intent of this practice to define requirements for electrical system calculations and
calculations required for selection and application of power system equipment. Other electrical
design and equipment application calculations are covered by separate standards.
3.2 Grounding system calculations shall be performed in accordance with SES IEC-E11-S03.
3.3 Battery and battery charger sizing calculations shall be performed in accordance with SES
IEC-E12-S01, and SES IEC-E12-S02..
3.4 Lighting calculations shall be performed in accordance with SES IEC-E20-E01.
3.5 Insulation coordination and determination of required insulation levels shall be in accordance
with SES IEC-E03-E01.
3.6 Cable de-rating shall be in accordance with SES IEC-E22-C01.
3.7 The electrical system and equipment design calculations meet all requirements of section 5.2
of SES IEC-E02-G01.
3.8 Any conflict(s) between this standard, SES and industry standards, engineering drawings, and
contract documents shall be resolved at the discretion of SABIC.
3.9 All calculations and documents shall use SI units of measure in accordance with SES Z01-
G04 and SES Z01-G03.
3.10 The design calculations for sizing of electrical power supply and distribution equipment shall
be based upon using 120% of the sum of the operating load plus all known future loads unless
directed otherwise by SABIC.
4 Environmental Requirements
4.1 Site Conditions
Refer SES IEC-E02-G01, Section 3 for details.
5 Calculation Software
5.1 System calculations shall be made using a commercially available analysis program such as
ETAP (Electrical Transient Analysis Program) by OTI (Operational Technology Incorporated)
of which SABIC is a licensee.
5.2 Existing plants will normally have an established electrical system data base. In most cases
the calculations shall be made using the analysis program previously used for the plant. In all
cases SABIC shall approve the software package before calculations are performed.
5.3 Calculations shall be made in accordance with IEC 60909.
5.4 Calculation methods are related to the testing requirements for the equipment. Calculations
for systems using IEC are different than for systems using ANSI/NEMA equipment. Some
programs are capable of performing both type calculations but is important to select the
appropriate mode of calculation.
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
6 Sequence of Work and Approval

6.1 Electrical system calculations for most projects are an iterative process. Sufficient data is not
available at the beginning of a project to make final calculations. However, calculations must
be made early in the project to properly specify the electrical equipment and to insure that use
of large electrical drive motors is feasible.
6.2 A number of preliminary calculations must be performed using various assumptions to arrive
at an over-all one line diagram. Once the over-all one line diagram has been selected these
calculations must be further refined using updated load estimates to allow procurement of
major long-lead-time electrical equipment.
6.3 As more information becomes available the calculations are updated and expanded to more
detail levels to define the electrical equipment at the secondary level.
6.4 The data base is continuously updated until at the completion of the project it accurately
represents the as built electrical system.
6.5 The Contractor must work closely with SABIC in performing the calculations and developing
the electrical power system design. SABIC shall approve the basis for calculations and
approve the completed work at each stage before the contractor proceeds to the next level.
7 Electrical Load Summary

7.1 There are actually three different types of load summaries required: (1) Main (or utility) Load,
(2) Emergency & Stand-By Power and (3) UPS Power. Preparation of the main load summary
and maintenance of an accurate data base is the major task. The other load summaries do
not have as many loads or bus summaries.
7.2 .The load summary can be produced using a custom data base or spread sheet developed
specifically for the project or the load summary tools contained in the master calculation
package ETAP. The load summary shall be electronically linked to the calculation data base
such that single entry of data is required. It is preferred that the load summary be electronically
linked with the mechanical equipment list and the electrical one line diagrams to permit single
point data entry and insure consistency between these documents.
7.3 The load summary list shall be as follows.
7.3.1 The load summary shall contain the information and assumptions outlined below::
a. Equipment Number
b. Service
c. Status (Continuous, Intermittent or spare)
d. Mechanical Equipment Rated maximum kW and normal brake kW
e. Motor rated voltage, kW, efficiency and power factor at full, 3/4 and 1/2 load
f. Calculated motor load for mechanical equipment maximum and normal bake loads
(kW, kVAR and kVA)
g. Utility factor
h. Heating load kW
i. Lighting Load kW, kVAR and kVA
7.3.2 In addition the summary shall be classified as per NFPA 110 section 4.4 under three
categories namely:
a. Level 1 for Emergency system
b. Level 2 for legally required stand-by loads.
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
c. Optional stand-by system loads

Refer also to E02-G01 section 25.
7.4 Preliminary load estimates shall use motor nameplate rating in kW and shall assume a power
factor of 0.85. As actual driven equipment loads and motor data become available, the motor
loads shall be calculated from this data.
7.5 Spare motors shall not be included in the overall total load. However, spare motors shall be
included in the loads of buses, transformers, and feeders to which they contribute, in order to
obtain the maximum operating load on individual equipment. When both the operating motor
and its spare would contribute to the same load, if both were operating, only the operating
motor shall be included in the load.
7.6 Lighting and receptacle transformer operating loads shall be included at 80% of the
transformer kVA rating. Substation transformers and load bus shall be sized to accommodate
future load growth thus it is appropriate to include these loads at the initial design value.
7.7 A minimum of 30% operating factor shall be considered for Intermittent loads unless a greater
value is specified due to process requirements..
7.8 For an existing facility, if the actual load data measured for a minimum period of one year is
available, then the following readings shall be used for determining the existing equipment
loadings and spare capacity available:
Transformers: Maximum 8-hour or 15 minute demand (in order of preference)
Equipment like Switchgears, Bus-ducts, and cables: Maximum 15 minute demand.
7.8.1 The capacity adequacy of the equipment to cater to the new loads shall be determined
based on:
a. Above measured existing maximum demand loads
b. New loads to be added
c. Load growth factor for the new loads
d. Known future loads and
e. Other factors described for equipment sizing calculations within this standard.
7.8.2 Use of field measurement data is in addition to conventional detailed calculations.
Measured data together with calculated results shall be assessed with Plant operation
staff to ensure that all operational scenarios are considered.
For an industrial complex supplied by a common main substation, the overall load
summary for the common main substation shall be calculated by considering the
process loading and operation of each unit. Process and Operation Department shall
provide the loading scenario for the complex. In the absence of such data the largest
power consuming unit or plant, within the complex shall be considered to be at peak
load, and other units shall be considered to be at normal load, in agreement with
Process and Operation Department.
7.9 For a new facility, the following data shall be used for determining the equipment loadings and
spare capacity:
a. Maximum operating load
b. Known future loads
c. Load growth factor during engineering phase
d. Future Spare Capacity (recommended 20%)
e. Ambient temperature derating
f. Other applicable factors
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
8 Load Flow Study

8.1 A load flow study shall be run immediately after completion of data entry as a first check on
the electrical system and to de-bug data in case errors were made. Once the system model
has been confirmed, system load flow cases can be run or other calculations such as short
circuit analysis can be started.
8.2 The load flow study is used to confirm that voltages and loading on different elements of the
system are within project parameters. For redundant systems the load flow shall be performed
with one supply interrupted to insure that the system will operate satisfactorily in this condition.
8.3 The load flow study provides information on the power factor of the circuits and buses of the
electrical system. Refer to Section 15.0 for information on how to use power factor information
to improve the power factor.
9 Short Circuit Study

9.1 Short circuit studies shall be run to determine preliminary equipment rating and confirm
required equipment ratings for purchase.
9.2 The secondary of the 480 volt transformers shall be modeled with motor load equivalent to the
kVA rating of the transformer.
9.3 Buses with medium voltage motors shall be modeled with the actual motors at their nameplate
rating plus additional motors to represent the capacity provided for future additions up to the
maximum rating of the feeding transformer.
9.4 Fault calculations for equipment selection shall be based on the system operating
configuration that will result in the maximum available fault current.
9.5 Standard transformers impedances shall be used; deviations must be approved by SABIC.
Transformers shall be modeled with maximum allowed negative impedance tolerance.
9.6 Unless otherwise approved by SABIC, the utility supply to the plant shall be modeled using
Ultimate, Maximum and Minimum short circuit levels as per information in BEDD. For short
circuit studies the ultimate short circuit level shall be used and the power system shall be
modeled in its strongest configuration. For motor starting, the minimum short circuit level shall
be used and the power system shall be modeled in its weakest configuration. For protective
device co-ordination the whole range of short circuit levels shall be plotted on the co-ordination
curves.
9.7 For revamp, de-bottle necking, expansion projects, the downstream switchgears and
equipment shall be determined considering maximum short circuit rating of upstream
switchgear, MCC or distribution boards.
10 Voltage Drop Calculations

10.1 Voltage drop calculations shall be made for both steady state and motor starting. As indicated
above, the load flow study shall indicate steady state voltage at all buses.
10.2 The allowable voltage drops are based on the use of transformer taps to maintain 100%
voltage at the secondary terminals under normal loading conditions. Permissible steady state
voltage drops shall be as follows:
a. Medium Voltage Distribution System. The total voltage drop to motors or unit substation
transformers shall not exceed 5% under normal loading conditions.
b. Systems Rated 480 Volts and Below. The total voltage drop from the unit substation
secondary terminals to the utilization equipment shall not exceed 5%.
10.3 ‘Snap-shot’ voltage drop calculations are acceptable for most motors. Most calculation
programs provide for this type calculation as an adjunct to the load flow; It calculates the
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
voltage at the instant the switch is closed without regard to any affect this lowering of the bus
voltage might have on any other operating loads.
10.4 For very large motors started on the bus with other motors, a transient stability program or
dynamic motor starting program shall be employed to recognize the effect on and from all
loads on the bus.
10.5 The maximum acceptable voltage drops during motor starting are shown below. However in
all cases SABIC must approve the permissible voltage drop limits for each project and approve
individual calculations for motors larger than 2000 kW.
a. For motors on 480volt bus with other loads, the maximum drop on the bus shall be 10%.
The maximum drop to motor terminals shall be 15%.
b. For medium voltage motors on the same bus with other motors the maximum drop on the
bus shall be 15%. The maximum drop to motor terminals shall 20%. If solid state control
devices are used and the devices cannot accept 15% voltage drop, then the bus voltage
drop shall be limited to 10%. The maximum voltage drop at an LV bus due to motor starting
shall be restricted to 10%
c. For motors on captive transformers, the voltage drop at the bus supplying the captive
transformer shall not exceed 10%. The voltage at motor terminals shall be at least 10%
above the minimum value required to accelerate the load.
11 Transient Stability Studies

11.1 In general transient stability studies are not required for plants supplied from the utility grid
unless in plant generation is to be operated in parallel with the utility, or as discussed for
starting large motors. A transient stability study shall also be performed if a fast bus transfer
scheme is to be utilized.
11.2 Plants powered by one or more generators will require transient stability studies to insure that
fault can be cleared quickly enough to maintain system stability.
12 Re-acceleration Studies
12.1 Reacceleration studies shall be performed to determine the impact of automatically restarting
designated process drive motors after a brief power interruption. Typically this control would
permit the motors to restart over some time range. The minimum for the range would be the
time required for the internal voltage to decay, and the maximum would depend upon process
considerations.
12.2 The re-acceleration study is made to determine whether the motors can restarted
simultaneously. If not, additional studies shall be made to establish group sizes and required
time delay between groups.
12.3 This study is a specialized motor starting study with the motors starting simultaneous, modeled
as an equivalent single motor.
13 Load Shedding Studies

13.1 The electric utility may require automatic and/or manual load shedding to maintain stability of
the power grid in the event of a major power system upset condition or power shortage.
13.2 If requested load shedding studies shall be performed to determine how to provide the required
load reduction with the least impact on production. Loads to be shed and their priorities shall
be decided by “Operation and Process Engineers”. Utility’s requirements shall also be
complied with..
13.3 Even if the Utility does not request, a load shedding study shall be performed and relevant
load lists shall be developed in order to make load reduction in case of grid power shortage.
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
14 Harmonic Analysis
14.1 Harmonic currents and voltages have undesirable affects on operation of the electrical power
system including overheating of equipment and overvoltage failures. Aside from the
undesirability from the owners standpoint, the utility generally has strict limits on harmonics
since they flow back into the power grid.
14.2 Harmonics are produced by rectifiers and frequency converters. The larger the loads are, the
greater problem they create, so special attention must be given to large adjustable frequency
drives and electrolytic process equipment.
14.3 A Harmonic analysis study shall be performed for the plant including all harmonic producing
loads and calculating the effect on all buses.
14.4 Even though power factor improvement/VAR compensation equipment do not generate
harmonics, they can influence the magnitudes of harmonic voltages and currents due to
resonance conditions. The Harmonic Analysis study shall include the analysis of system
frequency response characteristics and ascertain whether resonance conditions occur due to
the combination of harmonic producing equipment and the power factor improvement/VAR
compensation capacitors.
14.5 This study shall be performed for the entire distribution system as per methods and
recommendations in accordance with IEEE 519 section 8, using ETAP Harmonic Analysis
study module.
14.6 Harmonic filters shall be provided when equipment, building or plant exceeds the limits of IEEE
519 for Total Harmonic Distortions (THD). The design of the filters shall be included with the
harmonic study.
15 Power Factor Improvement

15.1 Power factor correction is important because low power factors increase voltage drop and
sizes of cables, breakers, transformers, etc.; and may violate utility requirements or contracts.
Refer to SES E02-G01 for the requirements for power factor correction.
15.2 Early load flow studies can indicate if power factor correction may be needed. As soon as the
need for correction is indicated, correction can be added to the study in the form of capacitors
or utilization of synchronous motor operating with leading power factor.
15.3 For detailed discussion of the application of capacitors for power factor improvement refer to
SES E16-E01.
15.4 As soon as synchronous motors are identified, their effect at both unity and leading power
factor should be studied.
15.5 It should be understood that the existence of synchronous motors does not necessarily
guarantee that all power factor problems are resolved. The location and the size of the
motor(s) will determine where and how much the motor improves the power factor. It shall
also be noted that dependence on Synchronous Motors for power factor correction shall not
jeopardize the power factor correction when the motor trips or is taken for maintenance.
15.6 Once the system load has been firmed up, the load flow study will confirm that the desired
correction has been obtained and the effect on bus voltages and equipment loading. The
computer programs referenced in section 5.1 shall be used to run the load flow studies.
15.7 Power factor improvement can be studied by changing the following system parameters:
a. Adding capacitors to the system at different locations
b. Changing an induction motor to synchronous motor
c. Changing the power factor on a synchronous motor
d. Changing the loading on a motor
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
e. Changing the taps of a transformer

f. Changing the impedance of a transformer
16 Equipment and Cable Sizing

Electrical equipment and cables shall be sized in accordance with the requirements of IEC 60038. In
addition, the following shall be applied when determining equipment ratings and cable sizes.
16.1 Definitions
16.1.1 Eight Hour Maximum Demand
The eight hour maximum demand of loads is defined as the greatest root-mean-
square value of the load during any eight hour period. It is the equivalent thermal aging
load.
16.1.2 Fifteen Minute Maximum Demand
The fifteen minute maximum demand of loads is defined as the greatest average load
which can occur for a fifteen minute period.
16.1.3 Firm Load Data
Firm load data is the load data derived from actual equipment performance
characteristics and duty cycles.
16.1.4 Adjusted Maximum Demand Based on Firm Load Data
The adjusted maximum demand based on firm load data is equal to 1.0 times
maximum demand.
16.1.5 Load Factor
The load factor is to the ratio of the average load over a designated period of time to
the peak load occurring in that period.
16.1.6 Demand Factor
The demand factor is the ratio of the maximum demand of a system, or part of a
system, to the total connected load of the system, or part of the system, under
consideration.
16.2 Transformer Capacity
16.2.1 Transformer Capacity De-rating:
a. The kVA rating(s) of the transformers shall be increased (de-rated) for continuous
operation at higher than usual ambient temperatures in
accordance with IEC 60076-7 and “IEEE C57.91 Guide for Loading Mineral-Oil-
Immersed Transformers and Step-Voltage Regulators’, Section 6.
b. The derating shall be done based on site environmental conditions
specified in E02-G01 Section 3.
Commentary Note:.
Site conditions at Jubail, Yanbu, and Riyadh (BEDD and RC Data):
Average temperature of the cooling air for any 24 h:
 Average Ambient Temperature: 45o C(*) + 5o C (**) = 50o C for TRX under
shade
 Average Ambient Temperature: 45o C (*)+ 5o C (**) + 10o C (***) = 60o C for
TRX exposed to sun
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
(*) Average temperature of the cooling air for any 24 h (IEEE C57.12.00, Clause
4.1.2.1)
(**) Increase of average temperatures by 5o C as per IEEE C57.91, Section 6.2.
(***)Effect of Solar Radiation for transformers exposed to sun: Add 10o C. (No sun-
shade)
Nameplate rating of transformer = Choose next higher IEEE rating
Table 1
Unusual Temperature Derating for Liquid-Immersed Power Transformers
Type of Cooling Decrease load for De-rating De-rating when
each °C higher Av. Under shade: Exposed to sun:
Temp. (50 – 30) °C= (60 – 30) °C=
(% of kVA rating) (1) 20 °C 30 °C
Self-Cooled 1.5 30 % 45 %
(ONAN) (TCF=1.43) (TCF=1.82)
Forced-Air- 1.0 20 % 30 %
Cooled – All (TCF= 1.25) (TCF= 1.43)
(1) IEEE C57.91-2011, Table 3
16.2.2 For transformers up to 20 MVA, values of rated power shall be taken from the R10
series given in ISO 3:1973, Preferred numbers – series of preferred numbers, .at usual
service conditions
16.2.3 No further de-rating is required to be done by the manufacturer in addition to 16.2.1.
16.2.4 When synchronous motors with a leading power factor are connected to a bus, the
resulting leading kVAR shall be considered when calculating the transformer kVA
capacity.
16.2.5 Forced-air cooling fans and controls shall be provided on all transformers rated 2500
kVA or larger, and shall not be supplied on transformers rated less than 2500 kVA.
16.2.6 Maximum demand on a transformer serving a secondary selective system shall be the
sum of both buses with tie-breaker closed.
16.2.7 The transformer capacity (highest Forced cooled ONAF rating) shall:
a. be based on an eight hour maximum demand plus known future load,
b. include 10 % load growth factor,
c. Include projected future spare capacity (to be defined during basic design stage,
recommended 20%),
d. Compensate (be de-rated) for site ambient temperature.
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
Commentary:
Example: Transformer is located under shade in substation yard – Secondary Selective
8 hour maximum demand on both busses A and B, sum (MD) = MD kVA
Known Future Load (KFL) = KFL kVA
Load Growth Factor during engineering (LGF) = 10 % → (LGF=1.1)
Future Spare Capacity (FSC) = 20 % → (FSC=1.2)
Ambient Temperature Compensation Factor (TCF) =Refer to Table 1 → (1.25)
Transfomer capacity required at 30 deg C (T)= [(MD+KFL) x LGF x FSC x TCF] kVA
Consider next higher IEEE standard nameplate rating to satisfy above.
Transformer Capacity at Site Conditions = T kVA

TCF
16.2.8 Radial System

Minimum sizes of Liquid-filled transformers installed as individual units supplying a
radial type load shall be as follows:
a. The minimum transformer size for non-essential service shall be 750 kVA for units
with a 480 V secondary and 3750 kVA for units with 4160 V and above secondary.
b. The minimum transformer size for essential service (MCC) shall be 300 kVA for
units with 480 V secondaries
c. In radial systems transformer ONAN capacity shall be sufficient for initial loading.
Known future load and future spare capacity can be accommodated with additional
forced cooling.
16.2.9 Secondary-Selective Systems
a. The minimum transformer size shall be 1000 kVA for units with a low voltage
secondary and 5000 kVA for units with a medium voltage secondary
16.2.10 Captive transformers
a. Captive transformer rating shall be selected by the motor vendor. Captive
transformers for motors shall be thermally rated and mechanically braced for
three repetitive motor starting duty cycles. KVA and impedance shall be
selected for starting the motor and for limiting the voltage drop on the bus
supplying the captive transformer to a maximum of 10% during starting. A
detailed captive motor-transformer sizing study report shall be submitted to
SABIC for review and approval.
b. Captive transformers shall be designed for ONAN type cooling only.
16.2.11 Transformer impedance shall be in accordance with IEC 60076-8, Power
Transformers-Application guide, except for the following:
a. To meet voltage drop limitations
b. To limit the secondary short circuit levels to be within the available switchgear
interrupting ratings.
16.2.12 Transformer for Fire Pump
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
Transformer shall meet the requirements of NEC Article 695 and sized accordingly.
16.2.13 Dry Type Transformer Capacity
The kVA rating (s) of the transformers shall be increased (de-rated) for continuous
operation at higher than usual ambient temperature in compliance with IEC 60076-
12. Loading Guide for Dry-Type Transformers.
16.3 Switchgear Rating
16.3.1 A 15 minute maximum demand shall be the basis for selecting switchgear continuous
ratings.
16.3.2 The main breaker and the main bus of the switchgear shall have a current rating equal
to or greater than the highest current rating of the transformer that feeds the
switchgear.
16.3.3 Bus tie circuit breakers in secondary selective and spot network substations shall be
interchangeable with the incoming breakers.
16.3.4 Each feeder breaker shall have a continuous current rating equal to the higher of the
15 minute maximum of the feeder load or 100% of the full load currents plus 25% of
largest motor current. Loads shall include any provisions for future loads.
16.3.5 Circuit breakers used to control a single motor shall have a continuous rating at least
equal to 1.25 times the motor full load current.
16.3.6 Generator breakers shall have a continuous rating at least equal to 1.15 times the
maximum continuous generator rating.
16.3.7 Circuit breaker interrupting rating shall be adequate for the maximum short circuit
level.
16.3.8 Switchgear momentary rating shall be at least adequate for the maximum short circuit
level, with estimated motor contribution, which would be expected when the
transformer is loaded to its self cooled rated capacity.
16.4 Motor Control Center (MCC) Bus Rating
16.4.1 Low Voltage MCCs (480 V ) shall have main bus current rating as per IEC 60059.
16.4.2 Medium Voltage MCCs (4160 V) shall have main bus current rating as per IEC 60059.
16.5 Battery and Charger Capacities
16.5.1 The 125 VDC systems supplies control power to switchgear, excitation power, backup
for synchronous motors, MCC protective relays, annunciator, etc. The system is
composed of dual, 100% redundant battery chargers and 125 VDC battery banks,
unless otherwise specified at Data sheet IEC-E12-X02.
Battery Chargers shall comply with requirements of SES IEC-E12-S02 and IEC-E12-
X02..
16.5.2 Battery sizing shall be as per criteria given in SES IEC-E12-S01. Additionally batteries
shall be sized to provide power to trip the maximum number of breakers that might trip
once, after supplying power to indicating lights, relays, etc. for four (4) hours with both
battery chargers off. An example would be a bus differential tripping the main breaker,
the tie breaker, and all feeder breakers on one bus.
Backup time for non-redundant battery charger/battery systems is 4 hours. For fully
redundant systems it is 2 hours each.
Batteries and Racks shall comply with requirements of; SES IEC-E12-S01 and IEC-
E12-X01..
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01

16.6.1 The uninterruptable power supply (UPS) shall be designed and manufactured as per
SES IEC-E13-S01 and SES IEC-E13-X01.
16.6.2 It shall be sized to 120% of the sum of all operating load (present) and future known
loads.
16.6.3 The batteries for UPS shall be sized to deliver minimum 30 minutes of backup time at
full rated output unless otherwise specified at related discipline standards and/or data
sheets.
16.6.4 The battery charger is sized to recharge the batteries in six hours while the UPS is
carrying 100% load.
16.6.5 The UPS and Batteries for “Security System” shall be in accordance with HCIS SEC-
07, Section 4.3. The UPS shall have installed battery capacity to power its maximum
rating for four (4) hours minimum. The UPS shall be sized with 30% spare capacity
over and above the actual calculated load.
16.6.6 UPS power supply back-up time in equipment shelters for the “Security Systems” shall
be a minimum of 2 hours as at its full rated capacity as specified at HCIS SEC-05,
Sections 4.2.17.
16.7 Cable Sizing
16.7.1 Cable sizing shall comply with IEC 60364, IEC 60949, IEC 60986. Conductor sizing
shall take into account ambient temperature, continuous operating load, non-
continuous loads, spared loads, spared loads, future loads, conduit fill, tray fill, tray
covers, and other factors that may influence the allowable current rating.
16.7.2 For all cables other than transformer feeders, the eight hour maximum demand shall
be the basis for cable capacity calculation.
16.7.3 Transformer feeders shall have a capacity not less than the transformer fan-cooled
rating. When a feeder supplies more than one transformer, its rating shall be at least
equal to the summation of the fan-cooled ratings of all secondary selective and spot
network substations plus the self-cooled rating of all radial substation transformers
supplied by the feeder.
16.7.4 Lighting feeders feeding lighting panels shall have a capacity not less than the
maximum demand of the load.
16.7.5 Lighting and power wire and cable shall be derated under any of the following
conditions:
a. Outdoor ambient temperature of 50 C
b. More than three conductors in a raceway or cable
c. More than one cable in an underground duct bank or trench (paragraph 16.7.9)
d. More than one cable in a cable tray
e. Cables shall be sized to limit voltage drop
16.7.6 Motor branch circuit conductors shall be sized in accordance with IEC.
16.7.7 Cable capacity for tray installation shall comply with the IEC including the effects of
ambient temperature and solar radiation.
16.7.8 Feeders rated above 600 volts shall be sized to withstand short circuit thermal stress
without damage to the feeders. The maximum short circuit level of the supply, times a
1.25 safety factor, and the clearing time of the feeder protective device shall be used
to determine this condition.
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
16.7.9 Power cables in underground conduit banks shall be de-rated in accordance with the
Neher-McGrath method in order not to exceed the conductor insulation temperature
specified by the cable manufacturer. Cable capacity calculation shall take into account
the applicable de-rating factors, such as for ambient temperature, ground thermal
resistivity, maximum thermal resistivity of selected backfill, depth of laying and
grouped installation of cables.
a. For sizing of underground cables, use the following criteria:
Ground temperature1 = 35 C (unless otherwise specified)
Ground thermal resistivity = To be measured
Selected backfill thermal resistivity = 120 C.cm/W
Load factor = 1.0
Also refer to latest “Metrological and Hydrological Design Information” from Royal
Commission/Local Authority for ground temperature to be considered for cable
sizing calculations. The most stringent shall apply unless approved in writing from
SABIC.
16.7.10 Cable sizing calculations shall include the 20% future cables installed in the top
positions of the duct bank or trench. The rating shall be for the worst case location
along the route, i.e., exiting the substation, approaching another duct bank, road
crossing, etc.
16.7.11 Medium and high-voltage cables shall be selected to coordinate with the maximum 1
second short circuit rating of the connected equipment.
16.7.12 Medium-voltage feeders to load-center substations shall be sized for the maximum
transformer rating. This size shall include the transformer rating obtainable by forced-
air cooling.
16.7.13 Wire size shall be selected to limit maximum voltage drop for power and high intensity
discharge lighting circuits to 2.5 percent for feeder circuits and 2.5 percent for branch
circuits.
16.7.14 Services, feeders and branch circuits for power and lighting installations other than
specified above shall be sized in accordance with the requirements of IEC.
16.8 Motor Sizing
16.8.1 Refer to SES E02-G01 for selecting the motor voltage. Motors connected to captive
transformers may have voltages other than those shown based on a total system
economic evaluation.
16.8.2 In general, motors 1000 hp and larger shall be synchronous type to correct the overall
plant power factor to 0.9 or better as required by SABIC.
16.8.3 Motor Horse Power (hp), starting and running torques and speed shall be selected as
required for the mechanical drive (Refer SES G series).
16.9.1 Emergency & Stand-by Power generators shall provide power to critical loads when
normal electric power is not available. Emergency & Stand-by loads will include below
given equipment and systems and any other load deemed necessary during the
design development stage; further these loads are categorized under Level 1 and
Level 2 as per NFPA 110.
Level 1 Loads:
a. Security systems and devices shall have provision of emergency generator as
specified in Security Directive SES-07. For loads and details refer to SEC-01 to
SEC-12.
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
b. Emergency, safety, security, obstruction lightings referenced in E20-E01 (other

than specified SEC directives).
c. Lighting systems for substations and EDG buildings.
d. Back-up HVAC and pressurization systems as specified in SES H01-E01.
e. Battery room ventilation systems.
f. Flare system.
g. Selected Elevators.
h. Fire detection & Alarm system and Public safety & Communication Systems.
i. Emergency, Safety AND Security Lights.
j. Emergency receptacles.
k. Selected lube and jacking oil systems.
l. Emergency motors.
m. Any other critical equipment required by process for controlled shutdown and quick
start-up of the plant.
n. Administrative buildings
o. Health care facilities with plant or infrastructure projects
p. Ventilation essential for life safety.
q. Fire pumps
r. Industrial processes
Level 2 Loads:
a. Selected Elevators.
b. Alternative feeds to AC and DC UPSs.(Primary feeds shall be from normal power
source/MCCs).
c. Selected Overhead cranes.
d. Emergency motors.
e. Administrative buildings.
f. Data processing 7 communication systems
g. Industrial processes (when stopped during any power outage, could cause
discomfort, serious interruption of the process, damage to the product or process
,or the like.)
16.9.2 The generator shall be sized to meet to the Level1 and Level 2 loads as per NEC
article 700.2 and article 701.2 in that order of priority..
16.9.3 The generator shall be capable of serving Level1 loads to be operated simultaneously
as required in NEC article 700.4, within 10 seconds.
16.9.4 The generator shall be capable of serving Level1 loads to be operated simultaneously
as required in NEC article 701.4, within 60 seconds.
16.9.5 The generator voltage shall be 480 V or 4160 V depending on the number of units
serviced, size of the loads, and the distances to the loads.
16.9.6 The system will employ a diesel driven generators unit sized to supply 100% of the
essential power system requirements. The generators shall be sized to start the
largest motor on essential power while all the rest of the essential loads are operating.
The voltage dip at the bus of the essential power switchgear or motor control center
NUMBER IEC-E02-E01
shall not be greater than 15 percent when the largest motor on essential power is
started.
16.9.7 The systems motor control system and automatic transfer switch shall have a
continuous current rating equal to or greater than the generator’s rated output and a
short circuit rating equal to the greater of the available short circuit current from the
generator or the normal power feed.
17 Revision History
Revision No.1, January 2011 Addendums No. 1 to 3 incorporated,
References updated,
Sections 3.10,16.4, and 16.6.2 revised,
Generally revised.
Revision No.2, December 2012 Addendums No. 1 to 7 incorporated,
References updated,
Revised paragraphs: 4.1, 5.1, 7.2, 9.6, 13.1, 13.3
Deleted paragraphs: 14.7 to 14.10
Addition: 9.7
Revision No.3, September 2015 Addendums No. 1 to 4 incorporated, References
updated, elaborated emergency generator
selection/sizing requirements

E02-E01 (IEC) Rev 3 Sep 2015 (A) Power System and Equip. Design Cal

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Addendum to SES Addendum No: 3

Date: JUN 2017

S.N. SES No.: IEC-E02-E01 Rev. No.:3 Paragraph No.: 16.6.4

16.6 Uninterruptable Power Supply Capacities

Modify the clause as follows:

16.6 Uninterruptable Power Supply Capacities

IEC-E02-E01 Date: March 2017

S.No. SES No.: IEC-E02-E01 Rev. No.: 3 Paragraph No.: 2

IEC-E02-E01 Date: March 2017

S.N. SES No.: IEC-E02-E01 Rev. No.: 3 Paragraph No.: 16.9

16.9 Emergency & Stand by Diesel generator Capacity

S.N. SES No.: IEC-E02-E01 Rev. No.: 3 Paragraph No.: 16.7

16.7 Cable Sizing

16.7 Cable Sizing

Date: Sep 2016

S.N. SES No.: IEC-E02-E01 Rev. No.: 3 Paragraph No.: 9

Date: Sep 2016

9.2 Arc Flash Study

Date: Sep 2016

STANDARD DATE SEP 2015

Power System and Equipment

Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015

ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 2 OF 17

Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015

ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 3 OF 17

Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015

ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 4 OF 17

SEC-01 Application of Security Directives

Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015

ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 5 OF 17

6 Sequence of Work and Approval

7 Electrical Load Summary

Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015

ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 6 OF 17

c. Optional stand-by system loads

Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015

ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 7 OF 17

8 Load Flow Study

9 Short Circuit Study

10 Voltage Drop Calculations

Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015

ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 8 OF 17

11 Transient Stability Studies

13 Load Shedding Studies

Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015

ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 9 OF 17

15 Power Factor Improvement

Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015

ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 10 OF 17

e. Changing the taps of a transformer

16 Equipment and Cable Sizing

Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015

ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 11 OF 17

Design Calculations (IEC) DATE SEP 2015

ENGINEERING STANDARD PAGE 12 OF 17

8 hour maximum demand on both busses A and B, sum (MD) = MD kVA

Known Future Load (KFL) = KFL kVA

Load Growth Factor during engineering (LGF) = 10 % → (LGF=1.1)

Future Spare Capacity (FSC) = 20 % → (FSC=1.2)

Ambient Temperature Compensation Factor (TCF) =Refer to Table 1 → (1.25)

Consider next higher IEEE standard nameplate rating to satisfy above.

Transformer Capacity at Site Conditions = T kVA