INTRODUCTION: HISTORY of BRISTOL 1100 -1400s - Bristol grew up in Saxon times at the con uence of the rivers Avon

and Frome. A bridge, probably of wood, was built across the Avon and the settlement was known as Brigstow. The local dialect caused an 'L' to be added to the end of this - hence Bristol.

http://www.about-bristol.co.uk/old-00.asp

- During the 11th century, Bristol traded wood, rope and leather with Ireland. It also had ships tted out to sail and ght against the Welsh.

www.visit.bristol.co.uk

The Gough Map, 1360

A zoomed - in image of the Gough Map, indicating the detail of important towns

- The Gough Map of Great Britain (also known as The Bodleian Map) is the oldest surviving road map of Great Britain, dating from around 1360. Here it shows Bristol lavishly decorated indicating its already great importance.

http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/users/nnj/goughmap.htm

- The decorative motif from a modern building shows a portion of the mediaeval stone bridge. It had four arches, was lined with houses which overhung the water and had a chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary.

http://www.about-bristol.co.uk/old-00.asp

- The 1568 map of Bristol by William Smith shows where the di erent types of buildings in the city were placed. Smith indicated public buildings, including churches, by colouring them green within the built-up area of houses and other structures indicated by his use of red.

http://www.le.ac.uk/users/grj1/bristol/bristol.html

Decorative Motif Showing the Mediaeval Stone Bridge

Map of bristol, William Smith, 1568

EMILY CARR ANALYSIS: DATA COLLECTION

Rope, leather and timber

INTRODUCTION: HISTORY of BRISTOL 1400 - 1800s - By the 14th century Bristol was one of England's three largest medieval towns after London, along with York and Norwich, and it has been suggested that between a third and half of the population were lost during the Black Death of 134849. The plague resulted in a prolonged pause in the growth of Bristol's population, with numbers remaining at 10,00012,000 through most of the 15th and 16th centuries. - In the 15th century, Bristol was certainly the second most important port in the country, trading to Ireland, Iceland, and Gascony. Bristol was the starting point for many important voyages, such as trade to Eastern Mediterranean and expeditions into the Atlantic. - By the 16th Century the main exports from Bristol were tin, lead, hides, sh, butter and cheese. The Gough Map, 1360 - In the 1800s, Bristol was heavily involved with the Slave trade. Woolen cloth, brass and iron goods were traded for slaves. The slaves were transported to the West Indies to be traded for tabacco and sugar. Decorative Motif Showing the Mediaeval Stone Bridge The Slave trade became a major factor for the development and expansion of Bristol. Merchants started to move away from the docks in the city centre and began creating suburbs such as St. Pauls and St. Agnes.

McCulloch, John Ramsay (1839). A Statistical Account of the British Empire. London: Charles Knight and Co. pp. 398399.

W.R. Childs, 'Ireland's trade with England in the Later Middle Ages', Irish Economic & Social History, IX (1982)

West Indies

Tobacco and Sugar Bristol

Slaves
Clockwise: Exports of Bristol bretween 1400 - 1800s - Tin Trade -Slaves - Slave Weighing - Cheese Trade

Cloth, Brass and Iron goods Africa

Above: The Trans Atlantic Trade Journery

EMILY CARR ANALYSIS: DATA COLLECTION

DETAIL: ST. PAULS 1880` ST Pauls: St. Pauls was the rst district of Bristol. During the 1800s, it rapidly grew due to many merchants moving into the area, away from the city centre. From the Map: - The South part of the neighbourhood is more commercial while the North part of St. Pauls is more residential. -The South of St. Pauls is more connected to the city because it a tram network. - Due to the river situated on the East perimeter of the neighbourhood, numerous commercial developments, such as tanneries, mills and oil works were set up. - To the North of the neighbourhood, housing typologies make up the more residential part to the neighbourhood. - Public green spaces such as parks or grave yards are dotted through the centre of neighbourhood. Most of the green spaces are situated in the South.

http://www.about-bristol.co.uk/ash-00.asp

River Frome

Green spaces: parks and grave yards

Transport : Tram network

Commercial and Residential Typologies

Commercial Areas: Tanneries, Saw mills, vinegar works, gum factory

EMILY CARR ANALYSIS: DATA COLLECTION

DETAIL: ST. PAULS 1900s`

Major Development of commercial and residential typologies

Baptist College

Portland Square

Commercial developments spread across the river and brought with them a need for more residential areas

Tram Depot

ST Pauls: Within 20 years, St. Pauls rapidly development as more merchants and trade moved away from the City centre. It became more connected with its own tram depot and larger tram network spreading around the perimeter of the neighbourhood and into its main square, Portland Square.
River Frome Green spaces: parks and grave yards Areas of major development

Transport : Tram network

Commercial and Residential Typologies

Commercial Areas: Tanneries, Saw mills, vinegar works, gum factory

Most of the public green spaces remained the same from the 1880 map. Only a few spaces such as the near Bapist College reduced as residential and commercial developments grew. The main commercial areas are still situated to the East of the perimeter, by the River Frome with major developments growing between the existing buildings.

EMILY CARR ANALYSIS: DATA COLLECTION

DETAIL: ST. PAULS 1930s`

The tram system was taken away as the Train network in Bristol developed.

Commercial factories and Warehouses started to develop on the North West perimeter of the neighbourhood as trade such as clothing ourished

The Old Tram Depot, now a comercial Warehouse

More factories and warehouses grew in the South of the Neighbourhood as the South became more commercial

Bristol Temple Meads Station

ST Pauls: St. Pauls became more commercial between 1900 to 1930. A bus system and regualr trains replaced the tram network from the 1900s as Bristols train network to other cities in the UK became more complex.
Green spaces: parks and grave yards Areas of major development

Important Buildings River Frome

The cementry of St. Pauls Church reduced in size as more houses were built while other gaps were lled to accomodate the population. In the map, buildings of particular importance were identi ed possibly implying that st. Pauls had a lot of history that people wanted emphasise.

Transport : Train network

Commercial and Residential Typologies

Commercial Areas: Tanneries, Saw mills, vinegar works, gum factory

EMILY CARR ANALYSIS: DATA COLLECTION

DETAIL: ST. PAULS 1950s

Public Tennis Court

Allotment Gardens

Many di erent types of trading businesses such as sugar, clothing, engineering and paper works moved into the South, old part of St. Pauls

ST Pauls:
River Frome Green spaces: parks and grave yards Ruins

St. Pauls was badly bombed in World War Two resulting in many ruins. Half of Portland Square was burned down in the second raid of 1940.
http://www.bristolblitzed.org/?page_id=63

Transport : Tram network

Commercial and Residential Typologies

Commercial Areas: Tanneries, Saw mills, vinegar works, gum factory

Shortly after the blitz, there was a high degree of immigration in the area resulting in an increase of the British Sfrican -Caribbean population.
Dresser, Madge (1986). Black and White On the Buses. Bristol: Bristol Broadsides. pp. 4750.

EMILY CARR ANALYSIS: DATA COLLECTION

DETAIL: ST. PAULS 1970s

Major Development of commercial and residential typologies

Baptist College

Commercial developments spread across the river and brought with them a need for more residential areas Portland Square

Tram Depot

ST Pauls: Within 20 year, St. Pauls rapidly develpment as more merchants and trade moved away from the City centre. It became more connectd with its own tram depot and larger tram network spreading around the perimeter of the neighbourhood and into its main square, Portland Square.
River Frome Green spaces: parks and grave yards Areas of major development

Transport : Tram network

Commercial and Residential Typologies

Commercial Areas: Tanneries, Saw mills, vinegar works, gum factory

Most of the public green spaces remained the same from the 1880s map. Only a few spaces such as the near Bapist College reduced as residential and commercial developments grew. The main commercial areas are still situated to the East of the perimeter, by the River Frome with major developments growing between the existing buildings.

EMILY CARR ANALYSIS: DATA COLLECTION

DETAIL: ST. PAULS 1990s

St. Paul fell victim to decline in both residential and commercial areas

The main council Estate, still existing in St. Pauls, replaced many terrace houses fallen into decline. The school grounds expanded, replacing the houses that were there before

Areas of major development River Frome Green spaces: parks and grave yards

Transport : Tram network

Commercial and Residential Typologies

Commercial Areas: Tanneries, Saw mills, vinegar works, gum factory

EMILY CARR ANALYSIS: DATA COLLECTION