2011

‫‌أ‬
‫‌أ‬
‫ب‬
 ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1.1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2.1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3.1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4.1‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5.1‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪6.1‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪7.1‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪9.1‬‬

‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪1.2‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪1.1.2‬‬
‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪2.1.2‬‬
‫‪45‬‬ ‫‪2.2‬‬
‫‪45‬‬ ‫‪1.2.2‬‬
‫‪53‬‬ ‫‪2.2.2‬‬

‫‪60‬‬ ‫‪1.3‬‬
‫‪60‬‬ ‫‪2.3‬‬
‫‪60‬‬ ‫‪3.3‬‬

‫ج‬
‫‪63‬‬ ‫‪4.3‬‬
‫‪64‬‬ ‫‪5.3‬‬
‫‪64‬‬ ‫‪6.3‬‬
‫‪65‬‬ ‫‪7.3‬‬

‫‪66‬‬ ‫‪1.4‬‬
‫‪97‬‬ ‫‪2.4‬‬
‫‪105‬‬ ‫‪3.4‬‬
‫‪107‬‬
‫‪115‬‬

‫د‬
29 1
43 2
61 3
63 4
64 5
6
67

7
68

8
69

9
70

10
71

11
72

12
73

13
74

14
75

15
76

16
77

ِ
 17
78

79 18
Analysis Of Variance 19
80

20
81

Step Wise Multiple 21

81
Regression
Analysis Of Variance 22
82

23
83

Step Wise Multiple 24

84
Regression
Analysis Of Variance 25
85

26
86

Step Wise Multiple 27

86
Regression
Analysis Of Variance 28
87

29
88

Step Wise Multiple 30

89 Regression

‫و‬
 Analysis Of Variance 31
89

32
90

Step Wise Multiple 33

91
Regression
T.test 34
92

35
93

36
94

LSD 37
95

T.test 38
95

39
96

40
97

‫س‬
 ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪24‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪33‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪33‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫ح‬
‫‪115‬‬
‫‪121‬‬
‫‪123‬‬
‫‪125‬‬
‫‪127‬‬
‫‪129‬‬

‫ط‬
 2011

460

ٌ
 Abstract
The Impact of Dimensions of Knowledge Management on the
Organizational Effectiveness: Applicable Study on Greater Amman
Municipality in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Salah Eid Al-Ta'amseh

Mu'ta University, 2011

The study aims at learning the impact of the dimensions of knowledge

management on the effectiveness of Greater Amman Municipality
performance. In order to achieve this target, a questionnaire has been
developed and distributed on a sample of 460 Respondents. The suitable
statistical methods were used to infer the results and this includes measures
of descriptive statistics (average arithmetic mean, standard deviation,
frequencies, and percentage), and analytical statistics (multiple regression
and one way ANOVA analysis). The study has reached to a number of
results. The following are the most important:
1. The perceptions of the target group (those who answered the
questionnaire) towards the availability level of the dimensions of
knowledge management and the effectiveness level of Greater Amman
Municipality have been mid and low.
2. There is a direct relation between the independent variable (dimensions
of knowledge management) and the dependent variable (performance
effectiveness of Greater Amman Municipality).
3. There is a statistical impact to the dimensions of knowledge management
together (the technological domain, the social domain, the organizational
domain, the human domain, and the strategic domain) on the
organization effectiveness.
4. There are no statistical differences attributed to the variables of gender,
age, number of experience years and career level in the perceptions of
Greater Amman Municipality employees towards the dimensions of
knowledge management; there are differences attributed to the variable
of qualification.
The study has come out with a number of important results:
1. Working on Improving and developing knowledge management
available in Greater Amman Municipality in a way that contributes in
improving performance level.
2. Working on developing the systems of moral and material incentives in
Greater Amman Municipality in a way that suits the changes and the
development in the work and in the organizational structures.

‫ك‬
 1.1

1
 : 2.1

3.1

2
 .1

.2

.3

4.1

.1

.2
.3

.4

3
 5.1

6.1

)α≤0.05(

)α≤0.05(

)α≤0.05(

)α≤0.05(

4
 )α≤0.05(

)α≤0.05(

)α≤0.05(

7.1

.1

Dueck,2001:885

5
 .2

Bapuji,2005:527
.3

Byounggu,et.al,2006:517)
.4

15:2010
.5

2004

.1

.)Callen, et.al, 2003(

6
 .2

)Zairi & Jarrar, 2001(

.3

)Martyn, 2005(
.4

Tombaugh, 2005

7
 9.1

)1(

.1 .1
.2 .2
.3 .3
.4 .4
.5
‌

8
 1.2

1.1.2

4 3

2
Ackerman,2000 186

126:2005

31:2007

9
Montana,2000 54

Nattajan,2000 17

Fustec & Fradin,2001

Wiig,2003:15

2-1:2003

10
 (42:2005

96:2005

27:2006

(51:2007

11
 2008

58:2008

Aguiar,2009

41:2009

33:2010

41:2010

12
 90:2005
1

67:2008 ;37:2010

13
 1

4
5

83:2009

14
 2
3

42:2005
1

15
 2

.10
26:2007
1

16
 3

Sveiby,2001
18:2008
1

4
5

17
 Holsapple and Singh,2001:82
1
Learning

2
3

4
5
6
7
8

9
Thierauf,2003:39

18
 3

51 2010

1
2

19
 8

199-195:2008

195:2008
89:2007

26:2008

20
 92:2008

71:2010

195:2008
89:2007

27:2008

21
 96:2008

72:2010

.3

196:2008
90:2007

27:2008

96:2008

73:2010

.4

22
 197:2008
90:2007

28:2008

99:2008

74:2010

.5

198:2008
28:2008

103:2008

23
 ‫‪75:2010‬‬

‫‪.6‬‬

‫‪199:2008‬‬
‫‪103:2008‬‬

‫‪77:2010‬‬

‫‪28:2008‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫توليذ المعرفت‪.‬‬

‫تطبيق المعرفت‪.‬‬
‫خسن المعرفت‪.‬‬

‫توزيع المعرفت‪.‬‬

‫(‪)2008‬‬

‫‪24‬‬
136:2007

.1

.2

.3

2007
.1

25
 .2

.3

.4

.5

Dueck,2001:885;67:2008 ;79:2010

.1

.2

26
 .3

84:2007

19:2008 2004

.1

.2

.3

.4

27
 Chauvel & Despres,2001:305

.1
.
.2

.3

.4

Grover & Davenppor,2001

34:2006
.1

.2

28
 ‫الجذول رقم (‪)1‬‬
‫أبعاد إدارة المعرفت‬
‫عذد‬
‫األبعاد‬ ‫الباحث‬
‫األبعاد‬
‫‪.1‬اإلدراكٍ ‪.2‬انتغُُز ‪.3‬قُاص انًعزفت ‪.4‬انهُكم انتُظًٍُ‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫(عهُاٌ‪)2008 ،‬‬
‫انزسًٍ وغُز انزسًٍ ‪ .5‬يذتىي انًعزفت ‪.6‬األدواث‪.‬‬
‫‪.1‬ابتكار انًعزفت‪.2‬اكتساب انًعزفت‪.3‬استخذاو انًعزفت‪.4‬تىسَع‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫(انعتُبٍ ‪)2008‬‬
‫انًعزفت ‪.5‬تُظُى انًعزفت‪.‬‬
‫‪.3‬انقُاداث‬ ‫‪.2‬انهُكم انتُظًٍُ‬ ‫‪.1‬انثقافت انتُظًُُت‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫(انظاهز‪)2009،‬‬
‫انتُظًُُت‪.4‬تكُىنىجُا انًعزفت‪.‬‬
‫‪.1‬اإلستزاتُجُت ‪.2‬انقىي انبشزَت‪.3‬انتكُىنىجُا‪.4‬انعًهُاث‪.‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫(انشرَقاث‪)2010،‬‬
‫‪.1‬انبعذ انتكُىنىجٍ ‪.2‬انبعذ االجتًاعٍ ‪.3‬انبعذ انتُظًٍُ‪.‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫(آدو‪)2010 ،‬‬
‫‪.1‬انًىارد انبشزَت ‪.2‬انتكُىنىجُا ‪.3‬انعًهُاث‪.‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫(يجُذ‪)2010 ،‬‬

‫انًظذر‪ :‬يٍ إعذاد انبادث‪.‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪.(2007‬‬ ‫‪;2007‬‬

‫‪29‬‬
107:2005 Wiig,2000:7

.1

.2

30
 ‌

2010
125-117
.1

2010
278:2006

79:2008

31
 .2

2010
81:2008

280:2006

32
)3(

)2006(
.3

2010
281:2006

)2006(
81:2008

33
 .4

2010
78:2008

58:2008

34
116:2008 Santusus,2001

.1

.2

.3

.4

.5

Mcdnough & Dyer,2001

.1
.2
.3
.4

35
 2.1.2

215:1980

Steers,1991

36
 35:2005

Griffin,1999 8

104:2000

(328:2001

233:2004

230:2006

(192:2010

37
 43:2005
.1

2005
Dougherty &Hardy,1996

38
 16:2010

.2

2005
Tsui, Ashford, Clair, 1995

Daft,&Noe,2001

David & Huczynski,2004

Feedback

120:2006

.3

2005
.4
2005

39
 (332-331:2001

Tsui,1990
86:2004
.1

2001
.2

Scott,1992

40
 .3

Robbins,2001
.4

Robey&Sales,1994)

93:2003
.1

‌
‌

.2

41
 .3

.4

42
 ‫‪2‬‬

‫مذاخل قياش الفاعليت التنظيميت‪.‬‬ ‫الباحث أو المؤلف‪.‬‬

‫‪.1‬يذخم انهذف ‪.2‬انًذخم انًقارٌ ‪.3‬يذخم انُظى ‪.4‬يذخم انقُى انًتُافست‪.‬‬ ‫(جاكسىٌ‬
‫وآخزوٌ ‪)1988‬‬
‫‪.4‬يذخم‬ ‫‪.1‬يذخم األهذاف‪.2 .‬يذخم انُظى‪.3 .‬يذخم انتطىَز انذاتٍ نهًُظًت‬ ‫(انشىاف‪)1989 ،‬‬
‫انتُاقض وانتعذاد‪.5‬يذخم انقُى انًتُافست‪.6‬يذخم رضا انًشارك‪.‬‬
‫‪.1‬يذخم انقذرة عهً تذقُق األهذاف ‪.2‬يذخم انتُظُى ‪3‬يذخم إرضاء انجهاث‬ ‫)‪(Robbins,2001‬‬
‫اإلستزاتُجُت‪.4‬يذخم انقذرة عهً انتىفُق بٍُ انقُى وانًظانخ انًشتزكت‪.‬‬
‫‪.1‬يذخم تُظُى انًىارد‪.2.‬انهذف‪.3‬رضا انًشارك‪.4‬انقُى انًتُافست‬ ‫(هال‪)2001،‬‬
‫‪.5‬يذخم انتُاقض وانتعذد‪.‬‬
‫‪.1‬انًذاخم انتقهُذَت وتشًم(يذخم يىارد انُظاو ويذخم انعًهُاث انذاخهُت)‪.‬‬ ‫(يسهى وعًز ‪(2007‬‬
‫‪.2‬انًذخم انًعاطزة وتشًم(يذخم إطزاف انتعايم ويذخم انقُى انًتُافست)‪.‬‬
‫‪.1‬يذاخم انفاعهُت انًىقفُت وَشًم(يذخم انهذف ويذخم قاعذة انًىارد ويذخم‬ ‫(انُاسزٌ وانعايزٌ‬
‫انعًهُت انذاخهُت) ‪.2‬انًذاخم انًتىاسَت وتشًم(يذخم أطذاب انًظهذت أو‬ ‫‪(2007‬‬
‫انجًهىر ويذخم انقُى انًتُافست)‪.‬‬
‫‪.3‬يذخم انجهاث اإلستزاتُجُت‬ ‫‪.2‬يذخم انُظى‬ ‫‪.1‬يذخم انهذف‬ ‫(انقزَىتٍ‪)2009،‬‬
‫‪.4‬يذخم انقُى انًُافست‪.‬‬
‫‪.1‬يذخم تذقُق انهذف‪.2‬يذخم تايٍُ انًىارد‪.3‬يذخم رضا انًشارك‬ ‫(دزَى‪)2010،‬‬
‫‪ .4‬يذخم انعُاطز اإلستزاتُجُت‪.‬‬

‫(‪)2‬‬

‫‪230:2006‬‬
‫‪.1‬‬

‫‪.2‬‬

‫‪43‬‬
 .3

.4

36 2006 ;164 2007

.1

.2

.3

44
 .1

.2

2.2

1.2.2
2010

)546(

)%68.6(
%57.3
60.9
57.8

45
 2010

)443(

.1
)3.60(
.2
%59.4
2010

420

)%62.3(

2009

)106(

46
 .1

.2

2009

)418(

2008

)2170( (2007/2006)
327

47
 2008

371

.1

.2

.3
)%68.7(
2008

48
2007

.1
.2

.3
.4

2007

.1

.2

49
 .3

2007

.
.
: .
.1
.
.2

.3

2006

)336( )131(

50
 .1

.2

.3

.4

2005

11 21
10
240 240 280

2004

51
 2004

)244(

.1
)3.4414(
.2
)2.3448(
.3
)%54.7(

2004

52
 2.2.2
"Knowledge Hussain et al,2010
Management For SMEs In Developing Countries"

"Applying Knowledge (Aguior,2009

Management for Research and Development in the Pharmaceutical
Industry"

53
"An empirical (Yan & Xie,2009 )
analysis of the antecedents of knowledge management strategies"

)193(

Knowledge Management Oliver,2008

Improvement Practices To Support Continuous

).ISO9000(

"The development and (Singh,2008

Investigations of A conceptual Model to Understand Knowledge
Management"
)72(

54
The Success Criteria For (Feliciano,2007(
Knowledge Management Systems In An Organization Implementing

Knowledge Management In Wang, 2006)

Innovation Teams: A Case Study Of An IT Development Institute In
Taiwan

55
An Empirical Maryan et al,2006
Examination of the Influence of Organization Culture on Knowledge
Management Practices

)316000(
)20(

.1

.2

.3

Effects Of Byounggu, et, al, 2006

Knowledge Management Strategy On Organizational Performance: A
Complementarity Theory-Based Approach

56
 )131(
.

Knowledge Management Desouza,2006

Maturity Model: Theoretical Development And Preliminary Empirical
Testing

External Knowledge Bapuji,2005

Management Strategies and Firm Performance

57
 )122(

.1
.2
Measuring Malhotra,2003
knowledge assets of a nation: knowledge systems for development. United
Nations Advisory Meeting of the Department of Economic and Social
Affairs"

58
59
 1.3

2.3

4807

2011 6 15
2011/6/16
2011/7/1

3.3
)%10(
)481(
)12( )472(

60
 )460(
)%95.6( )%9.5(

)3(

62.8 289
37.2 171
38.7 178 30
43.5 200 40-31
14.3 66 50-41
3.5 16 51
57.0 262 10
25.4 117 15-11
12.0 55 20-16
5.7 26 21
30.4 140
23.0 106
41.3 190
52 24
1.1 5
0.4 2
7.8 36
11.7 54
78.9 363

62.8
37.2

61
 40-31
43.5
38.7 30
14.3 50-41
3.5 51

25.4 57.0 10
15-11
20-16
21 12.0
5.7
41.3
30.4
23.0
5.2

78.9
7.8 11.7
1.1
0.4

62
 ‫‪4.3‬‬
‫(ا)‬

‫(‪)34‬‬

‫‪(2010‬‬ ‫‪;2010‬‬ ‫‪;2010‬‬

‫(‪)20‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬

‫(‪)4‬‬

‫‪34-1‬‬
‫‪7-1‬‬
‫‪14-8‬‬
‫‪21-15‬‬
‫‪27-22‬‬
‫‪34-28‬‬
‫‪54-35‬‬
‫‪39-35‬‬
‫‪44-40‬‬
‫‪49-45‬‬
‫‪54-50‬‬

‫‪63‬‬
 5.3

(12)

)25(

6.3

)5(

0.885 7 1
0.865 14 8
0.787 21 15
0.876 27 22
0.910 34 28
0.891 39 35
0.906 44 40
0.897 49 45
0.911 54 50

64
 7.3

)SPSS.16(

)Multiple Regression Analysis( 2

Stepwise Multiple Regression ( 3

)Analysis

)Variance Inflation Factor( 4

;)Tolerance(
)Multicollinearity(
)Skewness( 5
.)Normal Distributions(
)ANOVA( 6

)LSD(

65
 )5( )4( )3( )2( )1(

5.00-3.50 3.49-2.50 2.49-1

)5.00-3.50)
)3.49-2.5(
)2.49(

1.4

66
 6

1 0.88158 3.2068 7 1
3 0.86232 2.7661 14 8
2 0.87695 2.7714 21 15
5 0.90279 2.5743 27 22
4 0.90269 2.6385 34 28
0.75389 2.7979 34 1
6
2.7979
0.75389
2.7714 3.2068
2.7661
2.6385
2.5743

67
 7

1 1.10302 3.3348 1

2 1.05035 3.2783 2

5 1.16384 3.2565 3

7 1.14162 2.9587 4

6 1.14064 3.0783 5

4 1.17950 3.2696 6

3 1.23231 3.2717 7

0.88158 3.2068

0.88158 3.2068
1

68
 8

3 1.19959 2.9674 8

2 1.18601 3.0543 9

4 1.14517 2.7761 10

5 1.11135 2.6326 11

1 1.13458 3.0826 12

7 1.14732 2.3978 13

6 1.19362 2.4522 14

0.86232 2.7661

0.86232 2.7661
12

13

69
 9

1 1.15436 3.1348 15

4 1.08582 2.8087 16

2 1.12541 2.9109 17

5 1.14311 2.6696 18

6 1.15543 2.5534 19

7 1.15931 2.5152 20

3 1.24420 2.8109 21

0.87695 2.7714

0.87695 2.7714
15

20

70
 ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1.20721‬‬ ‫‪2.5130‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1.20534‬‬ ‫‪3.0826‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1.12410‬‬ ‫‪2.6043‬‬ ‫‪24‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪1.11338‬‬ ‫‪2.4065‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪1.09434‬‬ ‫‪2.4152‬‬ ‫‪26‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪1.15124‬‬ ‫‪2.4239‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬

‫‪0.90279‬‬ ‫‪2.5743‬‬

‫‪0.90279‬‬ ‫‪2.5743‬‬
‫‪23‬‬

‫‪25‬‬

‫‪71‬‬
 11

2 1.13177 2.7239 28

6 1.08761 2.5109 29

7 1.09110 2.4652 30

1 1.09633 2.7848 31

4 1.09503 2.6783 32

5 1.14036 2.6152 33

3 1.19382 2.6913 34

0.90269 2.6385

0.90269 2.6385
31

30

72
 ‫‪12‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0.90207‬‬ ‫‪2.5470‬‬ ‫‪39 35‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0.97158‬‬ ‫‪2.5639‬‬ ‫‪44 40‬‬
‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪0.88524‬‬ ‫‪1.8696‬‬ ‫‪49 45‬‬
‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪0.99649‬‬ ‫‪2.3061‬‬ ‫‪54 50‬‬
‫منخفض‬ ‫‪0.79919‬‬ ‫‪2.3216‬‬ ‫‪54 35‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪2.3216‬‬
‫‪0.79919‬‬
‫‪2.5470‬‬ ‫‪2.5639‬‬
‫‪2.3061‬‬
‫‪1.8696‬‬

‫‪73‬‬
 ‫‪13‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1.09681‬‬ ‫‪2.8696‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪1.08861‬‬ ‫‪2.4522‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪1.05282‬‬ ‫‪2.3370‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1.08304‬‬ ‫‪2.6000‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1.08539‬‬ ‫‪2.4761‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬

‫‪0.90207‬‬ ‫‪2.5470‬‬

‫‪0.90207‬‬ ‫‪2.5470‬‬
‫‪35‬‬
‫‪37‬‬

‫‪74‬‬
 ‫‪14‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1.15481‬‬ ‫‪2.6674‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1.12995‬‬ ‫‪2.5457‬‬ ‫‪41‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪1.14798‬‬ ‫‪2.4848‬‬ ‫‪42‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1.13166‬‬ ‫‪2.6413‬‬ ‫‪43‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪1.13263‬‬ ‫‪2.4804‬‬ ‫‪44‬‬

‫‪0.97158‬‬ ‫‪2.5639‬‬

‫‪0.97158‬‬ ‫‪2.5639‬‬
‫‪40‬‬

‫‪44‬‬

‫‪75‬‬
 ‫‪15‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1.19164‬‬ ‫‪2.1065‬‬ ‫‪45‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪0.94245‬‬ ‫‪1.6261‬‬ ‫‪46‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1.10157‬‬ ‫‪2.0065‬‬ ‫‪47‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1.04542‬‬ ‫‪1.9457‬‬ ‫‪48‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪0.98438‬‬ ‫‪1.6630‬‬ ‫‪49‬‬

‫منخفض‬ ‫‪0.88524‬‬ ‫‪1.8696‬‬

‫‪0.88524‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪45‬‬

‫‪46‬‬

‫‪76‬‬
 ‫‪16‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1.20233‬‬ ‫‪2.3565‬‬ ‫‪50‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪1.11140‬‬ ‫‪2.2913‬‬ ‫‪51‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1.12112‬‬ ‫‪2.3130‬‬ ‫‪52‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪1.12466‬‬ ‫‪2.2696‬‬ ‫‪53‬‬

‫يُخفض‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1.25297‬‬ ‫‪2.3000‬‬ ‫‪54‬‬

‫منخفض‬ ‫‪0.99649‬‬ ‫‪2.3061‬‬

‫‪0.99649‬‬ ‫‪2.3061‬‬
‫‪50‬‬

‫‪53‬‬

‫‪77‬‬
 17

*0.432
*0.634
*0.701
*0.763
*0.770
*0.772
0.05 ≤ α *

0.05 ≤ α
0.772
≤α
0.05

0.701 0.634 0.432

0.770 0.763

Multicollinarity
Variance Inflation VIF
Tolerance Factor

78
10 VIF
0.05 Tolerance
Normal Distribution
Skewness
18 1
18

Skewness Tolerance
VIF
0.257 0.566 1.766
0.027 0.361 2.769
0.026 0.312 3.210
0.191 0.268 3.734
0.068 0.315 3.174

VIF
3.734 1.766 10
0.566 0.268 Tolerance
Multicollinarity
Skewness
1

α≤0.05

79
 19
Analysis Of Variance

F
F R2
39.004 5 195.022
0.000 *180.437
0.216 454 98.140 0.662
459 293.162
α ≥ 0.05 *

α ≥ 0.05

0.000 α 180.437 F
α ≥ 0.05
66.2

α ≥ 0.05

80
 20

t Beta B

0.149 1.445- 0.052- 0.033 0.047-

0.020 *2.343 0.106 0.042 0.098
0.015 *2.450 0.119 0.044 0.109
0.000 *5.977 0.314 0.046 0.278
0.000 *7.987 0.386 0.043 0.342
α ≥ 0.05 *

t Beta

t
Beta α ≥ 0.05

21
Step Wise Multiple Regression

t t
R2
0.000 *25.850 0.593
0.000 *9.011 0.655
0.004 *2.912 0.661
α ≥ 0.05 *

Step Wise Multiple

Regression

81
 59.3

65.5
66.1

α≤0.05

22
Analysis Of Variance

F
F R2
45.743 5 228.714
0.000 *143.428
0.319 454 144.792 0.609
459 373.506
α ≥ 0.05 *

α ≥ 0.05

143.428 F
α ≥ 0.05 0.000 α

82
 60.9

α ≥ 0.05

23

t Beta B

0.104 1.630- 0.063- 0.040 0.065-

0.004 2.934 0.143 0.051 0.149
0.133 1.506 0.079 0.054 0.081
0.024 2.260 0.128 0.056 0.128
0.000 10.371 0.540 0.052 0.540
α ≥ 0.05 *

t Beta

t
Beta α ≥ 0.05

83
 24
Step Wise Multiple Regression

t t
R2
0.000 *25.335 0.584
0.000 *4.505 0.601
0.004 *2.920 0.609
α ≥ 0.05 *

Step Wise Multiple

Regression

58.4

60.1
60.9

α≤0.05

84
 25
Analysis Of Variance

F
F R2
52.496 5 262.482
0.000 *139.541
0.376 454 170.799 0.604
459 433.281
α ≥ 0.05 *

α ≥ 0.05

α 139.541 F
α ≥ 0.05 0.000

60.4

α ≥ 0.05

85
 26

t Beta B

0.190 1.313- 0.051- 0.043 0.057-

0.340 0.955 0.047 0.055 0.053
0.009 *2.607 0.138 0.058 0.152
0.000 *5.611 0.319 0.061 0.344
0.000 *7.078 0.372 0.057 0.400
α ≥ 0.05 *

t Beta

t
Beta α ≥ 0.05

27
Step Wise Multiple Regression

t t
R2
0.000 *23.228 0.541
0.000 *8.046 0.598
0.007 *2.690 0.604
α ≥ 0.05 *

Step Wise Multiple

Regression

86
 54.1

59.8
60.4

α≤0.05

28
Analysis Of Variance

F
F R2
28.279 5 141.395
0.000 *58.812
0.481 454 218.299 0.385
459 359.694
α ≥ 0.05 *

α ≥ 0.05

58.812 F
α ≥ 0.05 0.000 α

87
 38.5

α ≥ 0.05

29

t Beta B

0.172 1.367- 0.066- 0.049 0.067-

0.067 1.838 0.112 0.062 0.115
0.936 0.081- 0.005- 0.066 0.005-
0.000 *5.881 0.416 0.069 0.407
0.003 *2.957 0.193 0.064 0.189
α ≥ 0.05 *

t Beta

0.05 t
Beta α≥

88
 30
Step Wise Multiple Regression

t t
R2
0.000 *16.505 0.372
0.001 *3.346 0.385
α ≥ 0.05 *

Step Wise Multiple

Regression

37.2

38.5

α≤0.05

31
Analysis Of Variance

F
F R2
34.158 5 170.791
0.000 *54.415
0.628 454 284.992 0.373
459 455.783
α ≥ 0.05 *

89
 α ≥ 0.05

α 54.415 F
α ≥ 0.05 0.000

37.3

α ≥ 0.05

32

t Beta B

0.986 0.017- 0.001- 0.056 0.001-

0.290 1.060 0.065 0.071 0.076
0.007 *2.731 0.182 0.076 0.206
0.004 *2.927 0.210 0.079 0.232
0.001 *3.287 0.217 0.073 0.240
α ≥ 0.05 *

t Beta

90
 Beta α ≥ 0.05

33
Step Wise Multiple Regression

t t
R2
0.000 *14.888 0.326
0.000 *4.833 0.359
0.002 *3.190 0.373
α ≥ 0.05 *

Step Wise Multiple

Regression

32.6

35.9
37.3

)α≤0.05(

91
 34
T.test

0.75289 2.8474
0.067 1.838
0.75035 2.7141

T
0.067 α 1.838
α ≥ 0.05

92
 35

0.84703 2.7199 30
0.69548 2.8301 40-31
0.69358 2.8993 50-41
0.53899 2.8437 51
0.75952 2.8968
0.66508 2.7372
0.78319 2.7203
0.75700 3.1026
0.79832 2.7449 10
0.73133 2.8838 15-11
0.65752 2.8214 20-16
0.53946 2.8948 21
0.36641 3.0941
0.85269 3.4853
0.59351 2.9453
0.79541 2.8115
0.76410 2.7734

93
 36

0.667 3 2.002
0.319 1.175
0.568 456 258.872
459 260.874
1.711 3 5.134
0.028 *3.052
0.561 456 255.740
459 260.874
0.624 3 1.872
0.349 1.099
0.568 456 259.002
459 260.874
0.599 4 2.394
0.379 1.054
0.568 455 258.480
459 260.874
α ≥ 0.05 *

F
α ≥ 0.05

LSD

37

94
 37
LSD

0.20580- *0.17657 0.15961 - 2.8968

*0.36541- 0.01696 - - 2.7372
*0.38237- - - - 2.7203
- - - - 3.1026
α ≥ 0.05 *

)α≤0.05(

38
T.test

80630. 2.3633
0.146 1.456 78431. 2.2512

T
0.146 α 1.456
α ≥ 0.05

95
 39

0.87942 2.2719 30
0.75487 2.3182 40-31
0.71492 2.4939 50-41
0.68505 2.2063 51
0.78726 2.4564
0.69830 2.2764
0.84681 2.2339
0.82842 2.4292
0.84841 2.2842 10
0.76556 2.3701 15-11
0.72051 2.3609 20-16
0.57957 2.3981 21
0.69857 2.6900
0.91924 3.2500
0.78095 2.4431
0.80463 2.2417
0.79950 2.3113

96
 40

0.872 3 2.615
0.252 1.368
0.637 456 290.547
459 293.162
1.500 3 4.499
0.070 2.369
0.633 456 288.663
459 293.162
0.293 3 879.
0.712 0.457
0.641 456 292.283
459 293.162
0.829 4 3.317
0.268 1.302
0.637 455 289.845
459 293.162

F
α ≥ 0.05

2.4

1
2.7979
0.75389
2.7714 3.2068
2.7661
2.6385

97
 2.5743

2008

98
 2007
2006

2010

2.3216
0.79919
2.5470 2.5639
2.3061
1.8696

2008

0.05 ≤ α
0.772
0.05 ≤ α

99
0.770 0.763 0.701 0.634 0.432

Yan & Xie, 2009)

α ≥ 0.05

100
 Byounggu, et, al, 2006

Bapuji,2005

2008

101
 5
α ≥ 0.05

α ≥ 0.05

α ≥ 0.05

102
 α ≥ 0.05

α ≥ 0.05

α ≥ 0.05

103
2007

α ≥ 0.05

104
 α ≥ 0.05

3.4

.1

.2

.3

105
 .4

106
 .)2010(

)2009(

)2010(

.)2007(

2007

1988

) 2( )2006(

)2005(

) 1( )2003(

107
 )2010(

)2008(
1
2007
http://bafree.net/forum/archire/-66083.htm
2011/2/15
)2009(
) 1(

)2008(

)1( )2010(

)2003(
http://www.hrdiscussion.com )16(
(2011/1/4
)2010(
)2( )37(
.134-114
)1( )2008(

)2004(

.146-121 )2( )8(

108
 ‫(‪)2‬‬ ‫(‪)2005‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫(‪.)2001‬‬

‫(‪)1989‬‬
‫ص‪87-49‬‬ ‫(‪)61‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬

‫(‪)1‬‬ ‫(‪)2005‬‬

‫(‪)2007‬‬

‫(‪)2010‬‬
‫(‪)1‬‬
‫(‪)1‬‬ ‫(‪)2009‬‬

‫(‪)2006‬‬

‫(‪)2007‬‬

‫(‪)2008‬‬

‫‪109‬‬
 )2006(
) 1(
)1( )2008(

)2008(
)1( ،)12(
.107-59
)2004(

.2004/4/28-26
)2004(
)31(
106 83 )1(
)1( )2000(

2 2006

3 2009

)2006(

)2005(

110
 2009
)2009(

.326-293 )3( )5(

)2008(

)2009(

166-140 )1( )36(

)2010(

)2007(
1

)2008(

2004

)2007(
1
1980

111
 1 )2005(

)1( )2010(

)2001(

)2007(
27
.130-111 )1(
)1( )2007(

)2004(

.2004/5/10-9

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 ‫بسم‌اهلل‌الرحمن‌الرحيم‌‬
‫أختي‌الموظفة‌الفاضلة‌‪.....‬أخي‌الموظف‌الفاضل‌‬

‫‪X‬‬

‫‪40 31‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬

‫‪51‬‬ ‫‪50 41‬‬

‫‪15 11‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬

‫‪21‬‬ ‫‪20 16‬‬

‫‪116‬‬
 1

10

11

12

13

14

117
 15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

118
 31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

119
 45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

120
121
 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
 .1
(1909
2000-1500 300 1914

2.2
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1:2009

130
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2009

131
 2011
SEAT4@ymial.com
0777991900 – 0797991900

132