COMPANION TO

CONTEMPORARY
ARCHITECTURAL
THOUGHT

Edited by Ben Farmer

and Hentie Louw

LONDON and NEW YORK

Contents

Preface ix 14 The traditional buildings of Cumbria 78

Ronald Brunskill
Acknowledgements xi
15 Harmonizing the human habitat 82
Barrie B. Greenbie
Parti INTRODUCTION 1
1 The nature of architecture 4 2.3 Response to routes 89
Patrick Nuttgens 16 Routes and settlement patterns 90
2 The temple or the cathedral: Patsy Hcaley and Ali Madam Pour
the search for spirituality in architecture, 17 Transport in cities 95
from the Renaissance to the present day 9 Hartmut H. Topp
Mark Dudek
18 Walkability: a prerequisite for liveable cities 101
3 Buildings as social objects 15 Dietrich Garbrecht
Thomas A. Markus
19 The discipline of the route 105
4 Needs and means 21 Tom Ellis
Ben Farmer
20 Aalto's approach to movement and
5 In praise of the house that Anon built 29 circulation 110
Hugh Casson Steven Grodk

Part 2 RESPONSES 31 Part 3 INFLUENCES 115

2.1 Response to people 33 3.1 Influence of society 117

6 Patronage and professionalism 35 21 Buildings and society 118
Bruce Allsopp Anthony D. King
7 Urban space design and social life 39 22 Temples in China 122
Suzanne H. Crowhurst Lennard and Evelyn Lip
Henry L. Lennard
23 Client, community and climate:
8 Architecture and people 44 Byker - a case study 130
Steven Tiesdell and Taner Oc Ben Fanner
9 Housing as if people mattered 51 24 Privacy as a culturally related factor in
Stuart Cameron built form 137
10 An architect for the poor 56 Miles Danby
Chris Abel 25 The Scottishness of Scottish architecture 143
11 Informal housing and the barefoot Charles McKean
architect 59 26 Russian Revolution: politics or art? 151
Jorge Anzorena Bill Risebero
12 Development within development:
user extensions of five-storey walk-up 3.2 Influence of function 157
housing in Cairo 63 27 'Commoditie' . 159
Hala Kardash and Nicholas Wilkinson Ben Farmer

2.2 Response to place 73 28 The vision, the potential and the virtual
reality: technologies to inform
13 Landscape and architecture 74 architectural design 166
Jay Appleton Roger Day and James Powell
vi Contents

29 The building skin: scientific principle 46 Building the total system:

versus conventional wisdom 174 the integration of the competing demands
Michael Wigginton of modern technology 262
John Martin
3.3 Architectural precedent 181
30 What makes the past matter? 182
Part 4 ELEMENTS AND ATTRIBUTES 265
David Lowenthal
31 Tradition and innovation 185 4.1 Architectural form 267
Jakub Wujek
47 Forms versus forces 268
32 The history of a rupture: Latin American Sabine Chardonnet and Marcel Maarek
architecture seen from Latin America 189
48 The invisible foundations 278
Ramon Gutierrez
Robert Lawlor
33 Is there a modern vernacular? 198
49 Instruments of order 284
Michael Manser
Hans van der Laan
34 A living tradition?
50 Creativity in architecture 289
Romanian vernacular architecture 202
Tom Heath
Jennifer Scarce
51 A face in the cloud:
35 A living tradition?
anthropomorphism in architecture 294
Greek vernacular architecture 206
Andrew Ballantyne
Dimitri Philippides
52 'The advantage of a clearer light':
36 A living tradition?
the sash-window as a harbinger of an
Maltese vernacular architecture 210
age of progress and enlightenment 300
Denis De Lucca
Hentie Louw
37 The temple of Solomon and its influence 53 Architectural form and colour 309
on Jewish, Christian and Islamic
Tom Porter
architectural thought 215
Joseph Gutmann 54 Architectural form and light 318
Pieter de Bruyne
38 A horn of plenty 220
]ames Stevens Curl 55 Architectural form and ornament 324
Stuart Durant
39 The uses of architectural history today 227
Derek Linstrum
4.2 Architectural space 333
40 Architectural history and archaeology: 56 Aspects of spatial experience and structure 334
an understanding relationship? 231 Peter Aspinall
Peter Fowler
57 Space, knowledge and power 342
41 Revivals as phenomena in history 237 Michel Foucault and Paul Rabinow
James S. Ackerman
58 The spaces in between 349
3.4 Influence of technology 243 David Gosling

42 Gothic structural engineering 244 59 The theory of space in architecture 357

Robert Mark Cornelis Van de Ven

43 Changing challenges: 361

4.3 Elements of architecture
the changing pattern of the use of timber 250
David Yeomans 60 A 'thick' description of windows 362
Herman Neuckermans
44 Structural theories and their architectural
expression: a review of. possibilities 254 61 Meeting ground
368
Fazlur R. Khan Henry Plummer

45 The impact of the environment: 62 The case for a return to classical

the shock of the new 259 composition
378
Ian Murphy Robert Adam
 Contents vii

63 Typological theories in architectural 77 Deutscher Werkbund - the 1914 debate:

design 387 Hermann Muthesius versus
Micha Bandini Henry van de Velde 462
Stanford Anderson
64 An anthropology of building 396
Kenneth Frampton 78 Dinocrates and the myth of the
megalomaniacal institution of architecture 468
65 The concept of design and its application
Werner Oechslin
to architecture 399
Mark Gelernter 79 Educational objectives in architecture 477
Nils-Ole Lund
66 Architecture in the making -
Le Corbusier: the creative search 404 80 The impact of tourism on the environment 481
Geoffrey Baker fane Fawcett

67 Architecture in the making -

5.2 Appreciation of architecture 487
An architecture of imagery:
conception and experience in Alvar 81 Personal aspects of the architectural
Aalto's architecture 409 experience 488
Juhani Pallasmaa David Canter

68 Architecture in the making - 82 Concepts of beauty in architecture 492

Gottfried Bohm: the quest for Willie Charlton
synthesis 416
83 Architecture and morality 496
Svetlozar Raev
Henryk Skolimoiuski
69 Architecture in the making -
84 This is good but is it right? 500
Technology in context 420
Cesar Pelli
Norman Foster
85 Quality in architecture 502
70 Architecture in the making -
Birgit Cold
For ecology against the odds 424
Lucien Kroll 86 Sign and symbol 511
John Onians
71 Architecture in the making -
The anatomy of building 431 87 The language of architecture 518
Charles Moore Louis Hellman

88 Expression and interpretation in

architecture 520
Part 5 APPROACHES AND APPRECIATION 435
Juan Pablo Bonta
5.1 Appoaches to architecture 437 89 The role of the critic 524
Wayne Attoe
72 Frozen music:
the bridge between art and science 438 90 The enjoyment of architecture:
Stephen Grabow St Mark's, Venice 529
John Ruskin
73 The meaning of style 444
Werner Szambien

74 Architecture and faith - Part 6 CASE STUDIES 537

The Qur'an and Sunna as the basis for
interpreting Arabic house and mosque 6.1 Museu da Minas de Sao Domingos,
architecture 449 Portugal 539
Abdul Aziz Aba Al-Khail
91 Museu da Minas de Sao Domingos,
75 Architecture and faith - Portugal: a study within a study 540
Taoism and architecture 454 Giuseppe Intini
Amos Ih-Tiao Chang
6.2 Durham: a town for all seasons 547
76 The avant-garde in
twentieth-century architecture 458 92 Durham city: its origins and development 548
Robert Harbison John Tarn
viii Contents

93 Durham city: the spirit of the place 553 98 The rib vaults of Durham Cathedral 572
Neville Whittaker John James

94 Durham: the city and its landscape 557 99 The nature of Durham 580
Tobias Davidson, David Ellis, Georgia
Brian Clouston
Gilbertson, Jennifer Jeffries and Ng Wai Keen
95 The city as a stage - Durham Miners' Gala 560
Diana Brown 6.3 Portland, Oregon 603

96 Durham and the Church: fabricating 100 People in cities - with a case study
the Gospel 564 of Portland, Oregon 604
Peter Baclz David Lewis, Alan Simpson and diaries Zucker

97 The last late Romanesque 569 Notes on contributors 622

Adrian Napper Index 636