ព្រះរាជាណាចព្ររម្ពជា

ជាតិ សាសនា ព្រះម្ហារសព្ត

ទំនារ់ទំនងរវាង

មម្ធាវី មៅព្រម្ និងព្រះរាជអាជាា

ដោយ កែវ សុភា ដេធាវីនៃក្ែុេដេធាវីអាសុ៊ី

 TMnak;TMngrvagemFavI ecARkm nig RBHraCGaCJa
edayEkv suPa emFavIénRkumemFavIGasuIkm<úCa

mansMNYrCaeRcInEdlminTan;mancemøIytkábMputcMeBaHTMnak;TMngrvagemFavI ecARkm nig

RBHraCGaCJa. viC¢aCIv³emFavICaviC¢aCIv³esrI nig ÉkraCüEdlcUlrYmbMerIvI is½yyutþiFm’ 1. emFavI
ecARkm nig RBHraCGaCJa Cassr3d¾sMxan; kñúgcMeNamssrnanaEdlRTRTg;kic©karyutþiFm’. kñúg
cMeNamssrTaMgbIenH ebIssrNamYyekag Buk puy xμÚtsuI b¤ )ak;Rsut ssrepSgeTotnwgrg
plb:HBal;F¶n;F¶r ehIyCalT§plminGacRTRTg;xøÜnÉg k¾dUcCaminGacRTRTg;tYpÞHTaMgmUl)an.
enARBHraCaNacRkkm<úCamanemFavIsrubTaMgkMBugRbkbrbr suMminRbkbrbr kMBugeFVIkmμ sikSa nig
suMenAeRkAbBa¢IsrubcMnYn 627nak; 2. emFavI KWCaGñkEdlmancMeNHdwgGMBIc,ab; nig CaGñkEdl
TTYlkarGnuBaØatb¤GaCJab½NÑ[RbkbviC¢aCIv³Epñkc,ab;3. emFavIeFVICaGñktMNag b¤ CaGñkkarBar
kUnkþIenAcMeBaHmuxGaCJaFr b¤ nItibuKÁlnana dUcCasalaCMrHkþI RkumRbwkSavin½y nig nItibuKÁlÉkCn
CaGaTi_. eRkABIenH emFavIbMeBjkic©karCaeRcIneTot Tak;Tgnwgvis½yc,ab;. viC¢aCIv³emFavICa
viC¢aCIv³esrIEdlRbkbrbrTTYlTanciBa©wmCIvitedayminTTYlR)ak;ExBIrdæ dUcCaecARkm nig RBHraC
GaCJaEdlTTYlR)ak;ExBIrdætamry³kic©snüaKμankalkMNt;enaHeLIy. cMNucxusKñaCasMxan;rvag
viC¢aCIv³rbs; emFavI ecARkm nigRBHraCGaCJasßitenAelIkic©snüakargar nigsiTi§GMNacenAkñúgRbB½n§
c,ab;. ecARkm KWCamRnþIsaFarN³EdlTTYlkarEtgtaMg[dwknaMRKb;RKgkic©karc,ab; enAsala
CMrHkþ4I . enARBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa GñkmangarCaecARkm minRtwmEtbMerIkarenA tamsalaCMrHkþIeT
Etk¾CaGñkbMerIkarenAtamsßab½nnItiRbtibtþidUcCaRksYgyutþiFm’ nig CaGñkneya)aypgEdr.
ecARkm CaGñkdwknaMnItiviFI nig eFVIkarsMerccitþedayEp¥kelIqnÞanusiTi§rbs;xøÜn. rIÉRBHraCGaCJa
KWCabuKÁl EdlmanParkic©nigtYnaTIecaTRbkan;kñúgnamrdæaPi)al eTAelICnNamYy cMeBaHbTelμIs
RBhμTNÐ EdlCnenaH)anRbRBwtþ5.tYnaTI Parkic© nigebskkmμlMGitrbs;ecARkm nig RBHraCGaCJa
1
maRta1 énc,ab;sþIBIlkçnþik³emFavI.
2
bBa¢IsmaCikemFavI 2009 TMB½r242
3
Black Law Dictionary, 1990, page 888
4
Black Law Dictionary, 1990, page 841
5
Black Law Dictionary, 1990, page 1221

1
RtUv)ankMNt;edayRkmnItiviFIRBhμTNÐ c,ab;Tak;TgnwgGgÁkarcat;taMgtulakar nig bTdæanGnþr
CatiBak;B½n§.
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tulakarFanafac,ab; nig bTbBa¢aRtUv)anGnuvtþRsbeTAtamsμartIénc,ab; c,ab;siTi§mnusSGnþrCati
nig viFanénnItirdæRtUv)aneKarB. ecARkm emFavI nigRBHraCGaCJaRtUvEtmanesrIPaBkñúgkarGnuvtþ
nUvviC¢aCIv³rbs;xøÜn edayBuMmankareRCotERCkBIEpñkneya)ay . GñkTaMgenaHRtUvEtTTYlkarkarBar
TaMgtampøÚvc,ab;BIkarvayRbhar karyayI b¤ kareFVITukçeTas TaMgtamry³karGnuvtþCak;Esþg
enAeBlGnuvtþnUvviC¢aCIv³rbs;xøÜnedImI,karBarsiTi§rbs;GñkdéT . ecARkm emFavI nigRBHraCGaCJaKYr
EtCaGñkkarBarsiTi§mnusSd¾skmμEdlTTYlxusRtUv cMeBaHRbCaCn ehIyRtUvRbx¢ab;nUvkMritsIlFm’
x<s;bMput eyageTAtamc,ab;Cati c,ab;GnþrCati nig RkmsIlFm’erog²xøÜn. ecARkm emFavI nig
RBHraCGaCJaTTYl)annUvsiTi§mnusSrbs;xøÜn dUcCamnusSÉeTotEdr. dUecñHGñkTaMgenaHk¾RtUvEtTTYl
)annUvkarkarBiessEdr eRBaHBYkeKKWCaGñkFana d¾sMxan;cMeBaHsiTi§rbs;RbCaCn.RbsinebIecARkm
minGacvaytémøGgÁehtu nigGnuvtþc,ab; RbB½n§yutþiFm’nwgkøayeTACaGMNacEdleFVIGVIeRscEtcitþ
¬GtþaFibetyü¦. RbsinebIemFavIminGaceFVIkarR)aRs½yTak;TgedayesrICamYynwgkUnkþIrbs;xøÜn
enaHeKalkarN_smPaBcMeBaHmuxc,ab;nwgminRtUv)anFanaeLIy. RbsinebIRBHraCGaCJaminTTYl
)ankarkarBarenAeBlGayuCIvitrbs;xøÜnsßitkñúgeRKaH fñak;edaysarkargarrbs;xøÜn enaHParkic©eFVI
karecaTRbkan;rbs;xøÜnnwgRtUv)anrgplb:HBal;. enH KWCakarkarBarBiesssMrab;karbMeBjnUv
karTTYlxusRtUvBiess. enHKWCaeKalkarN_sþIBIÉkraCüPaB nig PaBminlMeGog. eKalkarN_én
ÉkraCüPaBrbs;ecARkmminmaneKalbMNgpþl;[ecARkmnUvplRbeyaCn_pÞal;xøÜneT bu:EnþebI
niyay[smehtuplKWedImI,karBarbuKÁlnanaBIkarbMBansiTi§GMNac. ecARkmminGacsMercesckþI
tamTMenIgcitþ eTAtamesckþIlMeGogrbs;xøÜn EtRtUvGnuvtþc,ab;eTAnwgGgÁeht[)anRtwmRtUv.
RBHraCGaCJamanParkic©esuIbGegát nig ecaTRbkan;karrMelaPsiTi§ edaymin erIsmuxfanrNaCaGñk
RbRBwtþGMeBIrMelaPbMBanenaHeT. edayELkemFavIRtUvbMeBjkargarrbs;xøÜn edImI,CaRbeyaCn_rbs;
kUnkþIxøÜn. eyagtamc,ab;GnþrCati siTi§TTYl)ankarCMnuMCMrHBIsMNak;tulakarÉkraCünigminlMeGog
KWCasiTi§dac;xat EdlminGac[mankrNIelIkElgeLIy. eTaHCakñúgeBlmansRgÁam b¤ eBlrdæ

2
sßitkñúgRKamanGasnñkþI manEttulakarEdldMeNIrkarnItiviFIeTAtamc,ab; nig RKb;RKgedayviFan
nig eKalkarN_rbs;xøÜnEtbu:eNÑaHEdlGacCMnuMCMrH nig sMercdak;eTasCnNamYyBIbTelμIs
RBhμTNÐ. srubesckþImk siTi§TTYlkarCMnuMCMrHedayyutþiFm’enAcMeBaHmuxtulakarÉkraCü nig
minlMeGog minRtwmEtRtUv)anTTYlsÁal;enAkñúgsn§isBaØaGnþrCatiCaeRcIneT bu:Enþvak¾Ca EpñkmYyén
c,ab;TMenomTMlab;GnþrCatiEdr. ehtuenH RbeTsTaMgLayNaEdlmin)ansuMcUlCaPaKIb¤min)an[
sc©ab½nsn§isBaØaGnþrCatiBak;B½n§k¾eday k¾Cab;katBVkic©eKarBsiTi§xagelI nig RtUverobcM[man
RbB½n§yutþiFm’rbs;RbeTsxøÜn[)ansmRsb6. eyagtamkarGnuvtþCak;EsþgEdlsßitenAkñúg
bribTénRbeTskMBugGPivDÆ ecARkm nigRBHraCGaCJamYycMnYnmanbMNgrkSanUvÉkraCüPaB nig
PaBminlMeGogrbs;xøÜn. dMNalKñaenaHmanecARkm nig RBHraCGaCJamYycMnYnFMepSgeTotmincg;
)anÉkraCüPaBrbs;xøÜneT edaysarmanmUlehtuGtþenam½t nig stüanum½tCaeRcIn. xøHyl;faxøÜn
RtUvP¢ab;xøÜneTAnwgmCÄdæanGñkmanGMNacedImI,)anCaExl enAeBlmanbBaðaBak;B½n§RkmsIlFm’
kareFVsRbEhs nig bTelμIsBak;B½n§nwgkarbMeBjmuxgar nig kareRbIR)as;siTi§GMNac CaGaTi_.
xøHeTotmanbMNgbegáItnUvbNþajkarBareRkApøÚvkar edImI,TTYl)annUvkarkarBareBlmanbBaða
RbQmCayfaehtuBIRbPBnana. dUecñH ÉkraCüPaBhak;dUcCaRTwsþIc,ab;EdlGacGnuvtþ)ancMeBaH
Etkal³eTs³mYycMnYnEtbu:eNÑaH.mankrNIxøHÉkraCüPaBRtUv)anykeTAeRbIR)as;edayKμanRBMEdn
kMNt;c,as;las;.
maneKalkarN_mYyeTotehAfa : eKalkarN_ecARkmFmμCati : EdleKalkarN_enHman
mUldæanecjBIeKalkarN_smPaBcMeBaHmuxc,ab; nig smPaBcMeBaHmuxtulakar . mann½yfa
KμanCnNamYyRtUv)anCMnuMCMrHeRkABItulakar b¤ ecARkmFmμta Edl)anbegáItrYcCaeRsc nig man
smtßPaBenaHeLIy . PaBCak;Esþgrbs;eKalkarN_enHKWfa tulakarsMrab;RKaGasnñ tulakar
Biess tulakarvisamBaØ nig tulakarEbbRbtiskmμ RtUv)anhamXat;min[man. minRtUvRcLM
karhamXat;enHCamYynwgyutþaFikarÉkeTselIRbFanbTCak;lak;NamYy dUcCatulakarkargar
tulakarrdæ)al tulakarRKYsar tulakarBaNiC¢kmμeT. enAkñúgerOgRBhμTNÐ mankrNIelIkElg

6
International Principles on the Independence and Accountability of Judges, Lawyers and Prosecutors,
2004, eday José Zeitune nig Federico Andreu-Guzman, TMB½r7
3
edayEp¥kelIRbePTPaKI dUcCaCnCatiedImPaKtic nig GnItiCn CaedIm. manRbeTsCaeRcIneRbI
tulakareyaFa b¤ tulakarBiess edImI,kat;kþIBlrdæsuIvil. eyagtamtulakarsiTi§mnusSGWru:b :
ecARkméntulakareyaFa minGaccat;TukfamanÉkraCüPaB nig minlMeGogenaHeT ebIeyagtam
criténGgÁkarrbs;xøÜn :. KN³kmμaFikarsiTi§mnusSnigsiTi§Blrdærbs;GaRhiVc )aneFVIkMNt;sMKal;
CaBiessfa : tulakareyaFaRtUvEtmanPaBÉkraCü mankarebIkcMhr GnuvtþRtwmRtUvtamnItiviFI
nig manPaByutþiFm’ dUcCadMeNIrkarÉeTotEdr 7: .

emFavI ³
dUceBalBIxagedIm emFavI ecARkm nig RBHraCGaCJaCasrsr b¤ CnÞl;bIEdlRTRTg;dl;
vis½yyutþiFm’ nig nItirdæ. niyaykñúgRkbxNÐsiTi§esrIPaB emFavIedIrtYy:agsMxan;kñúgkarkarsiTi§
esrIPaB plRbeyaCn_Rsbc,ab; nig FanafasiTTi§ TYl)ankarCMnuMCMrHedayyutþiFm’RtUv)aneKarB
tamry³karkarBar nigeFVICaGñktMNagenAcMeBaHmuxGaCJaFrmansmtßkic©nanadUcCatulakarCaedIm.
kñúgkarkarBarsiTi§mnusS emFavIpþl;karkarBarRbqaMgnwgkarXat; b¤ XuMxøÜntamTMenIgcitþ
edayeFVIkaredjedalBIkarcab;XuMxøÜn kñúgcMeNamkic©karCaeRcIneTotTak;TgnwgsiTi§Tak;TgnwgnIti
viFI. emFavIpþl;eyabl; nig karBarCnrgeRKaHBIkarrMelaPbMBansiTi§esrIPaBBIsMNak;CnelμIs.
emFavIsßitenAkñúgTItaMgmYyEdlGacelIkeLIgBIbBaðaGnItüanukUlPaBénc,ab;NamYy enAcMeBaHmux
tulakar RbsinebIRbeTsenaHCaRbeTsnItirdæBit ehIytulakarbMeBjmuxgarCatulakarBit. siTi§
RtUv)ankarBar b¤tMNagedayemFavIKWCasiTi§CamUldæan edImI,[sMerc)annUvsiTi§TTYl)ankarCMnuMCMrH
edayyutþiFm’ EdlRtUv)anTTYlsÁal;edayc,ab;GnþrCati.
eKalkarN_CamUldæanrbs;GgÁkarshRbCaCatisþIBItYnaTIemFavIEcgfa : edImI,[CMnYyEpñk
c,ab;manRbsiTi§PaB CMnYyenHRtUvEtbMeBjkic©karedayÉkraCü. karkarBarsiTi§mnusSnigesrIPaB
CamUldæanmanlkçN³eBjelj eTAtamGVIEdlmnusSRKb;rUbmansiTi§TTYl)an dUcCasiTi§esdækic©

4
sgÁm nig vb,Fm’ b¤ siTi§BlrdænigsiTi§neya)ay mnusSRKb;rUbRtUvEtTTYl)anRbkbedayRbsiT§
PaBnUvesvaEpñkc,ab;Edlpþl;edayGñkRbkbviC¢aCIv³c,ab;ÉkraCü 8: .
edImI,[emFavIbMeBjmuxgarnigviC¢aCIv³rbs;xøÜn)anedayÉkraCü rdæRtUvkarBaremFavIBIkar
eRCotERCkxusc,ab;eTAkñúgkic©karrbs;emFavI. kareRCotERCkTaMgenaHrYmmankarTak;TgCamYykUn
kþI karKMramkMEhg nig karebotebonelIrUbkay CaGaTi_. eRkABIenHkarrMxan karyaryI nig kar
RBegIykenþIyminshkar BIsMNak;mRnþIenAkñúgRbB½n§yutþiFm’ k¾Ca]bsKÁFMeFgNas;Edr.
c,ab;sþIBIKN³emFavIénRbeTsGaehSóébhSan¬Azerbaijan¦GacbNþal[mankarsMrb
sMrYl¬karxUcxat¦dl;esrIPaBnigÉkraCüPaBrbs;emFavIkñúgkarGnuvtþmuxgarxøÜn. enARbeTslIb‘Í
¬Libya¦ esrIPaBrbs;emFavIkñúgkarGnuvtþviC¢aCIv³xøÜnedayesrIedayBuMbMerIkarCamRnþIraCkarrdæ nig
kñúgkarpþl;esvaEpñkc,ab;sßitkñúgPaBmnÞil 9. c,ab;GnþrCatiTTYlsÁal;nUvsiTi§rbs;emFavIkñúgkar
TTYlnUvB½tmanenAkñúgsMNuMerOg edaymaneBlevlaRKb;RKan;kñúgkarpþl;CMnYyEpñkc,ab;.
eKalkarN_CamUldæanrbs;GgÁkarshRbCaCatisþIBItYnaTIemFavIEcgfa : rdæaPi)alRtUv
TTYlsÁal; nig eKarBy:agNa[karR)aRs½yTak;Tg nig karBieRKaH rvagemFavInigkUnkþI enAkñúg
TMnak;TMngviC¢aCIv³RtUvrkSakarsm¶at; : . ]bsKÁmYyeTotEdlemFavICYbRbTHKWkgVHkarTTYlsÁal;
BIsMNak;sßab½nnanadUcCatulakarCaedIm. viFanxagelIEcgfa :Kμantulakar b¤GaCJaFrrdæ)alNa
Edlfac,ab;)anTTYlsÁal;siTi§manemFavIenAcMeBaHmuxxøÜn GacbdiesFminTTYlsÁal;siTi§rbs;emFavI
kñúgkarbgðajxøÜnedImI,CaRbeyaCn_kUnkþI enAcMeBaHmuxxøÜneLIy elIkElgEtemFavIenaH)at;bg;KuN
PaB edayGnuelameTAtamc,ab;Cati>>> :. eKalkarN_enaHkMNt;fa : BuMRtUvkMNt;faemFavIdUcCa
kUnkþIrbs;emFavI b¤ dUcCabuBVehtuénkUnkþIrbs;emFavI edaysaremFavIbMeBjmuxgarrbs;xøÜn :.
emFavImanParkic©xagviC¢aCIv³ cMeBaHGtifiCn¬kUnkþI¦ nig shPata. eKalkarN_CamUldæan
rbs;GgÁkarshRbCaCatisþIBItYnaTIemFavIEcgfa ³ Parkic©rbs;emFavIrYmman ¬1¦ pþl;»vaTdl;
GtifiCnGMBIsiTi§nigkatBVkic©rbs;GtifiCncMeBaHmuxc,ab; rebobEdlRbB½n§c,ab;dMeNIrkar kñúgTMhM

8
International Principles on the Independence and Accountability of Judges, Lawyers and Prosecutors,
2004, eday José Zeitune nig Federico Andreu-Guzman, TMB½r62
9
International Principles on the Independence and Accountability of Judges, Lawyers and Prosecutors,
2004, eday José Zeitune nig Federico Andreu-Guzman, TMB½r63
5
EdlBak;B½n§ ¬2¦CYyGtifiCntamrebobsmRsb nig cat;viFantampøÚvc,ab;karkarBarpl
RbeyaCn_rbs;GtifiCn nig ¬3¦CYyGtifiCnenAcMeBaHmuxtulakar b¤ GaCJaFrrdæ)alnana eTAtam
sßanPaBsmRsb .
k¾dUcCaecARkm nig BlrdæTaMgGs;Edr esrIPaBrbs;emFavIkñúgkarsMEdgmti nig begáIt¼
cUlrYmsmaKmn_CalkçxNÐsarvnþ edImI,[viC¢aCIv³c,ab;dMeNIrkar)anRtwmRtUv. enAkñúgkal³eTs³
xøH mankarlM)akkñúgkarEjk[dac;Kñarvag : emFavIEdlCab;Tak;TinnwgkarkarBarsiTi§rbs;GñkEdl
mancMNgTak;Tgnwgkic©karneya)ay nigkarcUlBak;B½n§rbs;emFavIeTAkñúgkic©karneya)ay :.
enAkñúgRbeTsebLarusnaeBlknøgmk RkwtüqñaM1997 sþIBIskmμPaBemFavI nigsarkarI )anRbKl;
smtßkic©[RksYgyutþiFm’pþl;karGnuBaØat¬GaCJabNѦ[RbkbviC¢aCIv³emFavI ehIyedImI,Rbkbrbr
)an tMrUv[emFavIcUlCasmaCikénGgÁkarshPataRbmUlpþúMmYyEdlRtYtRtaedayRksYgyutþiFm’.
dUecñHsßanPaBEbbenH)aneFVI[xUcÉkraCüPaBrbs;emFavI :.
emFavIdUcCaBlrdædéTEdr RtUvmankarTTYlxusRtUvsaFarN³ ehIyRtUvRbRBwtþ[RsbeTA
tamRkmsIlFm’ . bNþwgRbqaMgnwgemFavI kñúgRkbxNÐviC¢aCIv³ RtUvdMeNIrkar[)anelOn nigeday
yutþiFm’ GnuelamtamnItiviFI. emFavIRtUvmansiTi§TTYl)ankarCMnuMCMrHmYyEdlyutþiFm’ kñúgenaHrYm
TaMgsiTi§TTYlkarBarBIemFavINamYy tamkareRCIserIsrbs;xøÜn10.
emFavIedIrtYnaTIdUcCaGñkkarBar¼GñksμakþI nig CaGñkpþl;eyabl;RbwkSaenAkñúgsgÁm11.
kñúgtYnaTICaGñksμakþI emFavIeFVICaGñktMNag¼CaGñkkarBarkþI[PaKINamYyenAkñúgbNþwgGaCJa nig
bNþwgrdæb,evNI. kñúgnItiviFIrdæb,evNIminEmnCabNþwg emFavIeFVICaGñktMNagedayGaNtþiedImI,
karBarplRbeyaCn_Rsbc,ab;rbs;kUnkþIxøÜn kñúgTMhMEdlkUnkþIrbs;xøÜnesñIsuM[GaCJaFrmansmtßkic©
sMerc. kñúgtYnaTICaGñkpþl;eyabl;RbwkSa emFavIpþl;eyabl;dl;GtifiCnTak;TgnwgsiTi§nigkatBV
kic©rbs;GtifiCn nig elIkeLIgnUvdMeNaHRsay¼viFankarTak;Tgnwgkic©karCMnYj nig bBaðapÞal;xøÜn
rbs;GtifiCn. enAkñúgskmμPaBTaMgBIrenH emFavIbkRsayc,ab;nigGnuvtþc,ab;eTAtamsßankarCak;
Esþg kñúgTMhMénsiTi§ nig katBVkic©rbs;xøÜn. emFavIeFVIkarRsavRCavGMBIeKalbMNgénbTb,bBaØtþi
10
International Principles on the Independence and Accountability of Judges, Lawyers and Prosecutors,
2004, eday José Zeitune nig Federico Andreu-Guzman, TMB½r68
11
1998-1999 Occupational Outlook Handbook (BLS), http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs

6
c,ab; edImI,suM[mankarsMercesckþIeTAtamsμartIénc,ab;. smtßPaBkñúgkarKitrh½s smtßPaB
kñúgkarniyayedaymanGMNac nig PaBfñwkTak;TgnwgviFansvnakar¼CMnuMCMrH RBmTaMgkarman
yuT§saRsþRtwmRtUv bTBiesaFkargar KYbpSMnwgv½y nig kaysm,Ta CacMNucsMxan;sMrab;PaB
eCaKC½yrbs;emFavI. emFavIRtUveFVIbc©úb,nñPaBnUvcMeNHdwgEpñkc,ab;CaRbcaM. emFavIRtUvmancMeNH
dwgTUeTAEpñksgÁm[)aneRcIn eTIbemFavIenaHCaemFavItamniymn½yemFavI. emFavIEdlmanEt
cMeNHdwgEpñkc,ab;mYymuxminxusBIkEgábenAkñúgGNþÚg. PaBeCaKC½y edaysarkarrt;kar
karvayqμk; nigkarrYmKMnitkñúgskmμPaBxusc,ab;KW CaeCaKC½yEkøgkøay.
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7
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12
1998-1999 Occupational Outlook Handbook (BLS), http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs

8
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9
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13
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15
International Principles on the Independence and Accountability of Judges, Lawyers and Prosecutors,
2004, eday José Zeitune nig Federico Andreu-Guzman, TMB½r46
11
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16
ÉksardEdl TMB½r51
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12
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minmanviFanNamYyEdlRKbdNþb;TMnak;TMngrvagemFavI ecARkm nig RBHraCGaCJaeLIy. RbeTs

19
The New York Time: Texas Inmate Says Judge and Prosecutor Had Affair, June, 13, 2008.
20
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manlkçN³ : pÞal; : nig : CaplRbeyaCn_R)ak;kas : 21.
manbBaðamYyepSgeTotCMuvijTMnak;TMngCaédKUshkarrvagecARkm¼RBHraCGaCJanigemFavI.
mankrNIEdlfaecARkmb¤RBHraCGaCJaR)ab;[PaKIénerOgkþINamYyeTArkb¤bBa¢ÚnerOgkþINamYyeTA
[emFavINamYyEdlCaédKUshkarb¤Camitþb¤CakUnb¤Cajatikñúgfñak;NamYyrbs;xøÜn b¤RtLb;mkvij
emFavIriHrkBiFIsaRsþedImI,bBa¢ÚnerOgkþINamYyeTA[ecARkmb¤RBHraCGaCJaNamYyEdlxøÜngayeFVI
karCamYyb¤mansmancitþl¥gaynwgshkarb¤Camitþb¤Cajati.l. kic©shkarEbbenH eTaHCaQr
b¤ minQrelIplRbeyaCn_NamYykþI vabegáIt[manPaBl¥k;kkrenAkñúgRbB½n§yutþiFm’. bBaðaF¶n;F¶r
GaRkk;CagenHeTAeTotKWtYGgÁyutþiFm’EdlmanGMNacqnÞanusiTi§ edIrtYCaGñkrt;karenAkñúgRbB½n§
yutþiFm’ RbsinebIRbeTsNamYyCakMNt;enaHminmanRbB½n§yutþiFm’EdlbMerIeKaledAyutþiFm’.
TMnak;TMngBaNiC¢kmμrvagecARkm¼RBHraCGaCJanigemFavIk¾CaktþaKYr[RBYy)armÖ. ]bmafa
ecARkm¼RBHraCGaCJaCYlpÞH[emFavIb¤RkumemFavIebIkkariyal½y b¤rYmKñaebIkkariyal½yb¤rkCMnYj
NamYy ehIyemFavIenaHnwgeLIgtulakaredImI,karBarkþIenAcMeBaHmuxecARkm¼RBHraCGaCJaenaH
enAkñúgRbeTsmYycMnYnTMnak;TMngEbbenHBuMRtUv)anGnuBaØateLIy edaysarmankarRBYy)armÖBIÉk
raCüPaB nigPaBminlMeGogrbs;ecARkm¼RBHraCGaCJa. RbsinebIecARkmCasmaCikPaKhu‘nénRkum
hu‘nNamYy b¤ shB½T§¼bcäajatirbs;ecARkmCanieyaCkrbs;Rkumh‘unb¤GgÁkarNamYy RbsinebI
ecARkmenaHCaGñkkan;erOgkþIBak;B½n§nwgRkumhu‘nb¤GgÁkarxagelI nwgmanbBaðaTMnas;plRbeyaCn_
Caminxan.
RbsinebIecARkm¼RBHraCGaCJamankUnRsI¼Rbus b¤emFavImankUnRsI¼Rbus ehIykUnenaHb¤
ecARkm¼RBHraCGaCJaenaH manTMnak;TMgesñhaRtwmRtUvdUcCaRtUvCaKUdNþwgb¤kUnRbsarb¤«Bukb¤
mþayekμk b¤GnaKtCaKUdNþwgb¤kUnRbsarb¤«Bukb¤mþayekμk . TMnak;TMngEbbenHGacecaTCa
bBaðaEdr RbsinebIemFavIRtUvbMeBjtYnaTIxønÜ enAcMeBaHmuxecARkm¼ RBHraCGaCJaBak;B½n§.
eRkABI]TahrN_xagelI enAmankal³eTs³CaeRcIneTotEdlRbeTsmYycMnYnkMNt;fa ecA
RkmRtUv)at;bg;KuNPaBkñúgkarkan;erOgTaMgenaH dUcCa ³

21
Ethics and the Lawyer/Judge Relationship, Chapter 24, John Hyde, 2004, p.3.

14
 -ecARkm)an[eyabl;eTAPaKImçagTak;TgnwgRbFanbTEtmYyénbNþwg
-ecARkmFøab;)aneFVICaGñktMNag¬emFavI¦[bþIenAkñúgerOgElglH¬)at;bg;KuNPaBeFVI
CaecARkmenAkñúgerOgrkSakUnEdlmanPaKIdEdl¦.l.
enAkñúgTMnak;TMngCamYyemFavI ecARkmhak;dUcCamansßanPaBxagzan³x<s;CagRBHraC
GaCJa nigemFavI eTAtamrUbPaBepSg²taMgBIkEnøgGgÁúy rhUtdl;siTi§sMerc. tYGgÁyutþiFm’TaMgbI
ecjBImhaviTüal½yc,ab;EtmYy nigTTYlkarbNþúHbNþalviC¢aCIv³CMnajry³eBlRbhak;RbEhl
Kña. cMNucxusKña enARtg;siTi§sMerccugeRkay rIÉcMNucdUcKñaKWsiT§iesñIsuMnigsiTi§bþwgeTAvijeTAmk
RbsinebImankMhusnItiviFI kMhusRkmsIlFm’ nig mUlehtuepSgeTotEdlbBaØtþiedayc,ab;. enA
RbeTsétv:an;manCemøaHd¾FMmYyTak;Tgnwgzan³rvagecARkmnigRBHraCGaCJa. RBHraCGaCJaTamTar
[mankarRbRBwtþmkelIxøÜnesμIKñanwgecARkm. ecARkm6rUbRtUv)anesuIbGegátfamanvtþmanenAkñúg
BiFICb;elogmYyrbs;GñkCMnYj enAExkkáda qñaM1998. mYyéf¶eRkayBIRbkasdak;eTasecARkm
TaMgenaH RksYgyutþiFm’RbkasBIkarcat;viFankarRbqaMgnwgRBHraCGaCJa5rUbEdlcUlrYmBiFICb;
elogdEdlenaH k¾bu;EnþeTasRsalCagecARkmedayRKan;EteFVIkarRBmanedaypÞal;mat;. dUecñH
manbBaðaecaTcMeBaHkareyaKyl;dl;RBHraCGaCJaCagecARkm. RBHraCGaCJaelIkeLIgfa enAkñúg
BiFIFmμtaénsgÁmEdlBuMmanTMnas;plRbeyaCn_ BuMmanehtuplGVImin[RBHraCGaCJacUlrYmeT.
ecARkm)anelIkeLIgfa : ecARkmk¾CamnusSEdr. ecARkmRtUvkarbriePaK nig RtUvkarmitþPkþi : .
mankarelIkeLIgfa eBlxøHecARtUvKit[)anditdl;munnwgsMercTTYlkarGeBa¢IjBImitþPkþicas;
EdlxøÜnmin)anTak;Gs;eBlCayUrmkehIy. CakarBitNas;viC¢aCIv³ecARkmTamTar[eKarBbTdæan
mYyxusBICnTUeTA. karBitenaHKWfaecARkm RtUv)anbgçMcitþrs;enAedayCIviteRkomeRkaH edImI,eqøIy
tbeTAtamRkmsIlFm’CaecARkm. RBHraCGaCJaéntulakarCan;x<s;mYyrUbénRbeTsétv:an;niyay
fa : mhaCnTUeTAmankarrMBwgTukx<s;elIecARkm nigRBHraCGaCJa CagviC¢aCIv³epSgeTot. enHCakar
minsmehtuplTal;EtesaH. karTamTarKYrEtGaRs½yeTAtamkal³eTs³ edImI,kuM[eyIgrs;enA
kñúgCIvitÉeka : 22. enARBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa bBaðaecARkm nig RBHraCGaCJabgðajxøÜnenAtamhag
suIpwk tam)a xar:aGUex nig kEnøgminsmRsbepSgeTot eTaHbICa CamYyKUkþI CamYyshkarIxøÜn b¤
22
TAIPEI TIMES, Scandal highlights conflict within the legal system,
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/local/archives/1999/11/28/12756

15
CamYyemFavIkþI hak;dUcCaBuMTan;mankarhamXat;edayc,ab; nig BuMTan;CacMNab;GarmμN_xøaMgrbs;
bNþajsarBt’manenAeLIyeT. TMnas;FMeFgedayecjmux dUc]TahrN_xagelIk¾BuMTan;ekItman
enAeLIy. k¾bu:Enþkares¶óms¶at;minR)akdfa minmansBaØaNamYyénkarkekItvivaTenaHeT.

RBHraCGaCJa ³
kareKarBsiTi§esrIPaB nig PaBrwgmaMénnItirdæ GaRs½ymYyEpñkFMeTAnwgPaBrwgmaMxøaMgkøa
rbs;GaCJaFrEdlmantYnaTIecaTRbkan; manÉkraCüPaB nig minlMeGog. mindUcCaemFavI nig
ecARkmeLIy c,ab;GnþrCatiminmanbTb,BaØtþiNamYyEdlFananUvÉkraCüPaBénsßab½nGyükar
eLIy. mUlehtuKWfa enAkñúgRbB½n§c,ab;mYycMnYn RBHraCGaCJaRtUv)anEtgtaMgedayGMNacnIti
Rbtibtþi b¤ cMNuHfñak;NamYyénGMNacnItiRbtibtþi ehtuenHehIyRBHraCGaCJaRtUvmanParkic©sþab;
bgÁab;rbs;rdæaPi)al. enAkñúgRbeTsmYycMnYndUcCamuicsuicCaedIm ÉkraCüPaBrbs;RBHraCGaCJa
manecaTCabBaða. KN³kmμkarsiTi§mnusSGnþrGaemrickaMg )anelIkeLIgBIkarRBYy)armÖTak;Tg
nwgsßankarEdlfakEnøgeFVIkarrbs;RBHraCJasßitenAkñúgmUldæaneyaFa ehIyeFVIkaredayshkar
sñitnwgeyaFaeFVI[b:HBal;F¶n;F¶rdl;ÉkraCüPaBrbs;RBHraCGACJa nig eFVI[GMNacenHcMNuHeK.
eyagtameKalkarN_ENnaMsþIGMBItYnaTIrbs;RBHraCGaCJa rdæRtUvFanafa buKÁlEdlRtUv)an
eRCIserIs[eFVICaRBHraCGaCJaRtUvEtCabuKÁlEdlmansucrit nigmansmtßPaB mankarbNþúHbNþal
RtwmRtUv nig manKuNsm,tþi . rdæRtUvFanafaRBHraCGaCJaGacbMeBjmuxgarviC¢aCIv³rbs;xøÜn)aneday
KμankarbMPitbMP½y Kμan]bsKÁ KμankaryayI KμankareRCotERCkedayminRtwmRtUv b¤ kardak;[
TTYlxusRtUvEpñkrdæb,evNI EpñkRBhμTNÐb¤karTTYlxusRtUvepSgeTotEdlKμanehtuplsmRsb.
RBHraCGaCJa nigRKYsarrbs;RBHraCGaCJaRtUvTTYlkarkarBarenAeBlEdlsnþisuxrbs;xøÜnTTYlkar
KMramkMEhgedaysarEtkarbMeBjmuxgarecaTRbkan; 23. karFanamYyeTotKWRBHraCJaRtUvTTYl)an
nUvlkçxNÐkargarsmRsb manR)ak;ExRKb;RKan; ehIykñúgkrNIGnuvtþ)an RtUvmanry³eBlkan;
dMENg R)ak;esaFnnivtþn_ nig GayucUlnivtþn_ smRsb. dUcCaecARkmEdr RBHraCJaGaCJaRtUv)an
eLIgzan³lkçNsm,tþi smtßPaB PaBsucrit nig bTBiesaFn_ viC¢aCIv³.

23
eKalkarN_ENnaMrbs;G>s>b sþIGMBItYnaTIrbs;RBHraCGaCJa ³ eKalkarN_TI5 TI6 TI7 nig TI8.
16
 dUcCaBlrdæÉeTotEdr RBHraCGaCJamanesrIPaBkñúgkarbeBa©jmti CMenO cUlCasmaKmn_
nig eFVIkarRbCuMKña. RBHraCJGaCJaminRtUvrgkar)at;bg;GtßRbeyaCn_énviC¢aCIv³edaysarEtmUlehtuén
cMNat;karbNþwgGaCJa b¤ smaCikPaBrbs;xøÜnenAkñúgGgÁkarEpñkc,ab;eLIy.
eKalkarN_ENnaMxagelIkMNt;fa GgÁkarGyükarRtUvmanmuxgardac;edayELkTaMgRsugBI
muxgartulakar. enAkñúgRbB½n§c,ab;mYycMnYnmanmuxgarmYycMnYnEdlCamuxgartulakar. ]TahrN_
dUcCakarbgÁab;[XuMxøÜnedImI,bgáarkarrt;eKc b¤ karRbmUlPsþútagCaedIm . eKalkarN_ENnaM TI15
Ecgfa RBHraCGaCJaRtUvykcitþTukdak;eFVIkarecaTRbkan;bTelμIsRBhμTNÐ EdlRbRBwtþeday
GñkraCkar CaBiessGMeBIBukrlYy karrMelaPbMBanGMNac karrMelaPbMBansiTi§mnusSF¶n;F¶r nig
bTelμIsRBhμTNÐepSgeTotEdlTTYlsÁal;edayc,ab;GnþrCati>>>. RBHraCGaCJaRtUvbdiesFmineRbI
R)as;PsþútagEdlTTYl)anedasarkarrMelaPbMBansiTi§mnusS24.
cMeBaHTMnak;TMngrvagRBHraCGaCJanigecARkm nig RBHraCGaCJanigemFavI sUmemIlkarBnül;
xagelI. cMeBaHcMNucdUcKña nig cMNucxusKñarvagecARkm RBHraCGaCJa nigemFavI rYmmanCaGaTi_ ³
ecARkm RBHraCGaCJa emFavI
cMNucdUcKña -cMeNHTUeTAnItisaRsþ -cMeNHTUeTAnItisaRsþ -cMeNHTUeTAnItisaRsþ
-ÉkeTsc,ab; -ÉkeTsc,ab; -ÉkeTsc,ab;
cMNucxusKña -P¢ab;xøÜnnwgrdætamry³ -P¢ab;xøÜnnwgrdætamry³ -CaviC¢aCIv³esrI
kic©snüaKμankalkMNt; kic©snüaKμankalkMNt;
- TTYlR)ak;ExBIrdæ -TTYlR)ak;ExBIrdæ -TTYlfvikaBIkUnkþI
-siTi§sMerc -siTi§ecaTRbkan; -siTi§esñIsuM
-qnÞanusiTi§eRcIn -siTi§esñIsuMdak;eTas -siTi§bþwg¼tv:a
-kMhitesrIPaBkargar -kMhitesrIPaBkargar -esrIPaBkargar
-kMhitTIkEnøgkargar -kMhitTIkEnøgkargar -TIkEnøgNak¾)an
-]tþmRkumRbwkSaGgÁecARkm -]tþmRkumRbwkSaGgÁecARkm -manKN³emFavIRKb;RKg
RKb;RKg RKb;RKg
24
International Principles on the Independence and Accountability of Judges, Lawyers and Prosecutors,
2004, eday José Zeitune nig Federico Andreu-Guzman, TMB½r74 nig 77
17
 srubesckþImkTMnak;TMngrvagecARkm RBHraCGaCJa nig emFavI CaTMnak;TMngEdlGaRs½y
KñaeTAvijeTAmk. ecARkmeRbob)annwgcgáÚtrfynþEdldwknaMyanynþyutþiFm’ rIÉRBHraCGaCJa nig
emFavIeRbob)annwgRhVaMgTaMgsgxagrbs;rfynþ. enAkñúgTMnak;TMngviC¢aCIv³ kareKarBnigecH[
témøKñaeTAvijeTAmk minRKan;EtCabBaðac,ab;eT Etk¾CabBaðasuCIvFm’cMeBaHmnusSTUeTA.
ecARkm RBHraCGaCJa nig emFavI CaviC¢aCIv³EdlmhaCnEtgEtsMLwgemIl. GñkTaMgGs;
enHminEmnCatYkunb¤CataraeT EtCaRbePTmnusSEdlsgÁmCati)anbg;témømYymk[xøÜn. ecARkm
nig RBHraCGaCJaelIslb; RtUv)anmRnþIraCkarTUeTAyl;eXIjfasgÁm)anbg;témøénkareKarBx<s;
hYsehtu rhUtdl;GñkTaMgenaHeFVIGVIedayBuMsUvekatERkg 25. karkMNt;zan³[ecARkmmanzan³
sgÁmx<s;CagviC¢aCIv³déTeTotGacbegáIt[mankarerIseGIgbuKÁlQrelIsßanPaBtYnaTIkñúgsgÁm.
RbsinebIeBTüBüa)almnusSmñak;minRtwmRtUv enaHGñkEdlrgeRKaHmanEtmñak;Etbu:eNÑaH.
pÞúyeTAvij RbsinebIecARkmb¤RBHraCGaCJasMercesckþIxusb¤GyutþiFm’ GñkEdlrgeRKaH nigTTYl
TukçeTas KWCaRkummnusSmYyRkum rab;taMgBIPaKI «Bukmþay CIdUnCIta.l.
emFavIeRbob)annwgkUnXμúMd¾tUcmYyEdlRbwgERbgBaMnaMlMGgpáa nig TwkdmEpøeQIb¤páamkdak;
kñúgpøitd¾FMmYyrbs;GñkdéTEdlminecHeBj.
mankareRbonRbedAmYyEdlRBHBuT§sasna)andas;etOnfa : mnusSqøak;q¥wg minEmn
mkBImnusScg;TTYlTanq¥wgeT Etk¾eRBaHEtmkBITTYlTansac; : dUecñHtYGgÁyutþiFm’TaMgbI
KYrBicaredaymin caM)ac;mankarbkRsayeLIy.

25
enHCakaryl;eXIjpÞal;xøÜnrbs;GñkniBn§tamry³bTBiesaFn_rbs;xøÜnEdl)andwgB¤BImhaCn nig dwgB¤
tamry³dMeNIrTsSkic©eTARbeTseCOnelOnmYycMnYn.
18
19