What are the stages of group development?
The stages of group development are Orientation,
What happens during the Orientation stage of group
development?
What happens during the Conflict stage of group
development?
What happens during the Cohesiveness stage of
group development?
What happens during the Work Group stage of
group development?
What happens during the Terminal stage of group
development?
What are some interventions to facilitate group
growth?
What is the leader's task and techniques for
members to open up?
What are some techniques to help members
analyze/resolve conflicts?
Conflict, Cohesiveness, Work Group, and Terminal
Stage.
During the Orientation stage, members search for a
role in the group and look for a leader for approval
and acceptance.
During the Conflict stage, the group is concerned
with dominance, control, and power, and members
become judgmental and hostile towards the leader.
During the Cohesiveness stage, there is an
increase in morale and mutual trust as members
feel group belongingness.
During the Work Group stage, the uniqueness of
the members and leaders are seen and expected,
and they become aware of their involvement and
other aspects of the group process.
During the Terminal stage, the group completes
tasks such as finishing the agenda, establishing key
decisions, and completing the group product.
Some interventions to facilitate group growth
include providing necessary orientation, structure,
and directions, helping meet members'
interpersonal needs, processing, negotiating, and
resolving conflicts, being aware of the effects of
own behavior on the group, and deriving
opportunities to apply learning on another situation.
The leader's task and techniques for members to
open up include listening attentively, not judging
contributions, doing away with preaching, teaching,
or moralizing, and avoiding forcing members into
participation before they are ready.
Some techniques to help members analyze/resolve
conflicts include isolating/separating ideas, beliefs,
and concepts from the person advocating them and
role reversal to recreate exactly how it is for the
other person.
What is the purpose of certain structured exercises
in group work?
What is the purpose of the intervention that helps
members analyze the here-and-now experience?
What is the role of the nurse as the facilitator or
coordinator of group discussion?
What is the role of the facilitator as the group
completer/resource person?
What are the empowerment domains described by
Laverack (2005)?
What are the levels of community participation in
health?
What is the aim of partnership and collaboration?
To generate new ways of looking at
situations/experiences and help members detach
themselves from usual ways of solving problems.
To help members recognize, examine, and
understand the how and why of interactions or
behavior soon after they are experienced by the
group members.
To exert an influence on the behavior and
experience of group members and handle conflicts
especially when the group associates the conflicts
and its sources with her.
To act as the group completer and ensure that the
missing aspects are made available to the group
and help group members identify and mobilize
resources and act as group completer by making
sure that the missing data, expertise, or resources
are made available or accessible to the group.
Improved participation, developed local leadership,
increased problem assessment capacities,
enhanced ability to ask 'why', improved resource
mobilization, strong organizational
structures/support groups, strong links with other
organizations and people, egalitarian/equitable
relationship between the community and outside
agent, increased control over program
management.
Level I: The people are just physically involved in
the implementation of the program designed by the
organizing agency. Level II: When the people are
involved in making a 'yes or no' decision to the
plans or programs presented by the organizing
agency. Level III: When working committees are
created to make decisions for the community. Level
IV: Requires active involvement of the majority of
the community members in making decisions
throughout the entire problem-solving process.
To get people to work together in order to address
problems or concerns that affect them.
What is networking in the context of partnership and
collaboration?
What is multi-sectoral collaboration in the context of
partnership and collaboration?
What is advocacy in the context of community
participation?
A relationship among organizations that consists of
exchanging information about each other’s goals
and objectives, services, or facilities.
The level of relationship where organizations and
citizens form a partnership. All parties give priority
to the good of the community. It requires great
investment in terms of effort, time, trust, and the will
to make a change.
One way the nurse can promote active community
participation. She is responsible for providing
mechanisms for people to participate in activities
that aim to improve the conditions of the
community.