Sheet (3)

1- Kerosene flows through the Venturi meter as shown with flow rates between 0.005 and 0.05
m3. FIND Determine the range in pressure difference needed to measure these flow rates.
Determine the range in pressure difference needed to measure these flow rates P2-P1

2- Water flows through the horizontal branching pipe as shown at a rate of 10 ft 3/sec. If viscous
effects are negligible, determine the water speed at section 2, the pressure at section 3, and
the flow rate at section 4.

3- Water flows from a pressurized tank, through a 6 in.-diameter pipe, exits from a 2 in.-
diameter nozzle, and rises 20 ft above the nozzle as shown. Determine the pressure in the
tank if the flow is steady, frictionless, and incompressible.

4- A handheld bicycle pump can be used as an atomizer to generate a fine mist of paint or
pesticide by forcing air at a high velocity through a small hole and placing a short tube
between the liquid reservoir and the high-speed air jet. The pressure across a subsonic jet
exposed to the atmosphere is nearly atmospheric, and the surface of the liquid in the
reservoir is also open to atmospheric pressure. In light of this, explain how the liquid is
sucked up the tube.
4-Water (assumed inviscid and incompressible) flows steadily in the vertical variable-area pipe
as shown. Determine the flow rate if the pressure in each of the gages reads 50 kPa.

5- Air is drawn into a wind tunnel used for testing automobiles as shown in. (a) Determine the
manometer reading h, when the velocity in the test section is 60 mph. Note that there is a 1-in.
column of oil on the water in the manometer. (b)Determine the difference between the
stagnation pressure on the front of the automobile and the pressure in the test section.

6- The water level in a tank is 15 m above the ground. A hose is connected to the bottom of the
tank, and the nozzle at the end of the hose is pointed straight up. The tank cover is airtight,
and the air pressure above the water surface is 3 atm gauge. The system is at sea level.
Determine the maximum height to which the water stream could rise.

7- An oil pump is drawing 25 kW of electric power while pumping oil with density of 860 kg/m 3
at a rate of 0.1m3/s. The inlet and outlet diameters of the pipe are 8 cm and 12 cm,
respectively. If the pressure rise of oil in the pump is measured to be 250 kPa and the motor
efficiency is 90 percent, determine the mechanical efficiency of the pump. Take the kinetic
energy correction factor to be 1.05.
8- Water enters a hydraulic turbine through a 30-cmdiameter pipe at a rate of 0.6 m 3/s and exits
through a 25 cm diameter pipe. The pressure drop in the turbine is measured by a mercury
manometer to be 1.2 m. For a combined turbine–generator efficiency of 83 percent, determine
the net electric power output. Disregard the effect of the kinetic energy correction factors.

9- A reducing elbow is used to deflect water flow at a rate of 14 kg/s in a horizontal pipe upward
30° while accelerating. The elbow discharges water into the atmosphere. The cross-sectional
area of the elbow is 113 cm2at the inlet and 7 cm2 at the outlet. The elevation difference
between the centers of the outlet and the inlet is 30 cm. The weight of the elbow and the water
in it is considered to be negligible. Determine (a) the gage pressure at the center of the inlet of
the elbow and (b) the anchoring force needed to hold the elbow in place

10- Water accelerated by a nozzle to 35 m/s strikes the vertical back surface of a cart moving
horizontally at a constant velocity of 10 m/s in the flow direction. The mass flow rate of water
through the stationary nozzle is 30 kg/s. After the strike, the water stream splatters off in all
directions in the plane of the back surface. (a) Determine the force that needs to be applied by
the brakes of the cart to prevent it from accelerating. (b) If this force were used to generate
power instead of wasting it on the brakes, determine the maximum amount of power that
could ideally be generated.