SOLID MECHANICS

LECTURE 10

22-08-2022 1
 RECAP
• Thermal Stress
• Problems
• Welding
 Types of Welded Joints

If the edges of the two members (ie touch)

against each other and the two members are
joined by welding, then the joined joint is know
as BUTT WELD JOINT.
Let , L = length of the weld, it is equal to the
width of the plate.
t = Depth of the weld, it is equal to the
thickness of the plate.
F = Tensile force
σt = Allowable tensile stress in the weld.
Then Tensile force is given by,
F = Tensile Stress x Area
= σt x L x t ------- (1)
 Eqn (1) is used to calculate strength of butt weld
joint.
Types of Butt weld joints
• Single V butt joint
• Double V butt joint
• Single U butt joint
• Double U butt joint
 FILLET WELD OR LAP JOINT
When the two members overlap each other and
they are joined by welding, then the joint so
formed is known as Lap Joint or Fillet weld
joint.
The tensile strength of the single fillet lap joint is
F = σt x Area of the single fillet weld
= σt x Length of the weld x throat thickness
= σt x L x 0.707t
The tensile strength of the double fillet lap joint
is
F = σt x Area of the double fillet weld
= σt x 2 x Length of the weld x throat thickness
= σt x 2 x L x 0.707t
= 1.414 σtL t
Types of Fillet weld Joints are
• Single fillet Lap joint
• Double fillet Lap joint
• Parallel fillet joint
Area of Single fillet joint
= Length of the weld x Throat thickness
= L x 0.707t
Area of Double fillet joint = 2Lx 0.707t
= 1.414Lt
Area of parallel fillet joint = 1.414 x L x t
 Problem 22

Two steel plates 10cm wide and 1.25cm thick are

to be joined by double lap weld joint. Find the
length of the weld if the max tensile stress is not
to exceed 75 N/mm2, and the maximum tensile
load carried by the plate is 100KN.
 Solution :
Width of the plate, b= 10cm = 100mm
Thickness of the plate, t = 1.25cm = 12.5 mm
Maximum tensile stress, σt = 75 N/mm2
Maximum tensile load, F = 100 x 103 N
Let , L = length of the weld
F = σt x Area of the double fillet weld
F = σt1.414 L t
100 x 103 = 75 x 1.414x Lx 12.5 ➔ L = 75.4cm
 Problem 23

A steel plate 10cm wide and 1 cm thick is to be

joined by parallel fillet welds to another plate.
The plates are subjected to a load of 50KN. Find
the length of the weld, if the maximum shear
stress does not exceed 55 N/mm2.
Solution :
Width = b= 10 cm = 100mm
t = 1cm = 10mm , F = 50KN
F = Stress x Area of parallel fillet weld
5000 = 55 x 1.414 x L x 10
5000
L= = 64.3 mm
55 x 1.414 x 10

RESULT : Length of the weld, L = 64.3 mm

 Problem 24

Two plates of width 12cm and thickness 1.15cm

are welded by a single V-butt joint. If the safe
stress in the weld is 140N/mm2, find the
permissible load carried by the plates.
Solution : Width of plates, b = 12cm = 120mm
t = 1.25cm = 12.5mm
σt = 140 N/mm2
In case of butt joint, the width of the plate is
equal to the length of the weld.
Length of the weld, l = b = 120mm
F = σt x L x t
= 140 x 120 x 12.5
F = 210 KN
Analysis of Uniformly tapering Circular rod

4𝑃𝐿
Total Extension , ΔL =
𝜋𝐸 𝐷1𝐷2
 Problem 25
A rod which tapers uniformly from 40mm
diameter to 20 mm diameter in a length of
400mm is subjected to an axial load of 5000N. If
E = 2.1 x 105 N/mm2. Find the extension of the
rod.
Given Data :
D1 = Diameter at one end = 40mm
D2 = Diameter at other end = 20mm
Length L = 400mm, Axial Load = 5000N,
E = 2.1 x 105 N/mm2
Solution :
The total extension of the Tapering Circular rod
4𝑃𝐿
ΔL =
𝜋𝐸 𝐷1𝐷2
4 x 5000 x 400
ΔL = 5 = 0.1515mm
𝜋 x 2.1 x 10 x40 x20

RESULT :
Total Extension , ΔL = 0.1515mm
 PROBLEM 26

Find the modulus of elasticity for a rod which

tapers uniformly from 30mm to 15mm diameter
in a length of 350mm. The rod is subjected to an
axial load of 5.5KN and extension of the rod is
0.025mm.
Given Data :
D1 = Diameter at one end = 30mm
D2 = Diameter at other end = 15mm
Length L = 350mm, Axial Load = 5.5 x 103N,
4𝑃𝐿
WKT, ΔL =
𝜋𝐸 𝐷1𝐷2
4𝑃𝐿
E=
𝜋ΔL𝐷1𝐷2
Or

4 x5500x350
E= = 217865 N/mm2.
𝜋 x 0.025 x 30 x 15
 Analysis of Uniformly tapering Rectangular rod

The total extension of

the Tapering
rectangular rod
𝑃𝐿 𝑎
ΔL = loge
𝐸𝑡 (𝑎−𝑏) 𝑏
Where ,
a – Width at the bigger end
b – Width at the smaller end
 Problem 27

A rectangular bar made up of steel of length

2.8m and 15mm thick. The rod is subjected to an
axial tensile load of 40KN. The width of the rod
varies from 75mm at one end to 30mm at the
other. Find the extension of the rod, If E = 2 x
105 N/mm2.
Given : L = 2.8 m = 2800 mm: t= 15 mm
Load = P = 40KN, a = 75mm, b = 30mm

Solution :
The total extension of the Tapering rectangular
𝑃𝐿 𝑎
rod , ΔL = loge
𝐸𝑡 (𝑎−𝑏) 𝑏
40 x 103 x 2800 75
ΔL = loge
2 x 105x 15 (75 −30) 30
ΔL = 0.76 mm
 Problem 28

The extension in a rectangular bar of length

400mm and thickness 10mm is found to be
0.21mm. The bar tapers uniformly in width from
100mm to 50mm. If E = 2 x 105 N/mm2,
determine the axial load on the bar.
Given : L = 400mm , t= 10 mm, ΔL = 0.21mm
a = 100mm, b = 50mm, E = 2 x 105 N/mm2.

The total extension of the Tapering rectangular

𝑃𝐿 𝑎
rod , ΔL = loge
𝐸𝑡 (𝑎−𝑏) 𝑏
ΔL𝐸𝑡 (𝑎−𝑏)
𝑃= 𝑎
𝐿 loge
𝑏
0.21 x 2x105x10(100−50)
= 100 = 75.75 KN
400xloge
50
THANK YOU !