JNV GURUGRAM

CLASS XI UT –III SUB. –PHYSICS MM-40

1. Case Study
2) When a body is subjected to a deforming force, a restoring force is developed in the body.
This restoring force is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the applied force. The
restoring force per unit area is known as stress. If F is the force applied normal to the cross–
section and A is the area of cross section of the body.
Magnitude of the stress = F/A
The SI unit of stress is N-m-2 or Pascal (Pa) and its dimensional formula is [ML-1 T-2]. The
restoring force per unit area in this case is called tensile stress. If the cylinder is compressed
under the action of applied forces, the restoring force per unit area is known as compressive
stress. Tensile or compressive stress can also be termed as longitudinal stress. In both the
cases, there is a change in the length of the cylinder. The change in the length ΔL to the
original length L of the body is known as longitudinal strain.
The restoring force per unit area developed due to the applied tangential force is known as
tangential or shearing stress.

1) Restoring force per unit area is called as

a) Stress
b) Strain
c) Modulus of elasticity
d) None of these
2) Ratio of change in dimension to original dimension is called
a) Stress
b) Strain
c) Modulus of elasticity
d) None of these
3) Define shear stress.
4) Define stress. Give its SI unit and dimension
5) Define strain. Give its SI unit and dimension

2. The property due to which the free surface of liquid tends to

have minimum surface area and behaves like a stretched membrane
is called surface tension. It is a force per unit length acting in the
plane of interface between the liquid and the bounding
surface i.e., S = F/L, where F = force acting on either side of
imaginary line on surface and L = length of imaginary line. Surface
tension decreases with rise in temperature. Highly soluble
impurities increases surface tension and sparingly soluble
impurities decreases surface tension.
1. The excess pressure inside a soap bubble is three times than
excess pressure inside a second soap bubble, then the ratio of their
surface area is
(a) 9 : 1
(b) 1 : 3
(c) 1 : 9
(d) 3 : 1
2. Which of the following statements is not true about surface
tension?
(a) A small liquid drop takes spherical shape due to surface tension.
(b) Surface tension is a vector quantity.
(c) Surface tension of liquid is a molecular phenomenon.
(d) Surface tension of liquid depends on length but not on the area.
3. Which of the following statement is not true about angle of
contact?
(a) The value of angle of contact for pure water and glass is zero.
(b) Angle of contact increases with increase in temperature of
liquid.
(c) If the angle of contact of a liquid and a solid surface is less than
90°, then the liquid spreads on the surface of solid.
(d) Angle of contact depend upon the inclination of the solid
surface to the liquid surface.
4. Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Viscosity is a vector quantity.
(b) Surface tension is a vector quantity.
(c) Reynolds number is a dimensionless quantity.
(d) Angle of contact is a vector quantity.
5. A liquid does not wet the solid surface if the angle of contact is
(a) 0°
(b) equal to 45°
(c) equal to 90°
(d) greater than 90°
.3:It has been found that a liquid in small quantity at rest, free from an
external force like gravity, always tends to have a spherical shape. Since
for a given volume, a sphere has the least surface area, hence it shows
that the free surface of every liquid at rest has a tendency to have the
least surface area. The free surface of a liquid behaves as if covered by a
stretched membrane, having tension in all directions parallel to the
surface. This tension in the free surface of the liquid at rest is called
surface tension. It arises due to the fact that the free surface of the
liquid at rest has some additional potential energy.
Why does a liquid in small quantity and at rest, free from external forces, tend
to have a spherical shape?
a) Because the sphere has the maximum surface area for a given
volume.
b) Because the sphere has the least surface area for a given volume.
c) Because the sphere is the most stable geometric shape.
d) Because liquids naturally prefer the spherical shape.
Show Answer
How does the free surface of a liquid at rest behave?
a) As if covered by a compressed membrane, having tension in all
directions perpendicular to the surface.
b) As if covered by a stretched membrane, having tension in all
directions parallel to the surface.
c) As if covered by a porous membrane, having tension in all directions
perpendicular to the surface.
d) As if covered by a thin film, having tension in all directions parallel to
the surface.
Show Answer

What is the term for the tension in the free surface of a liquid at rest?
a) Volume tension
b) Surface tension
c) Liquid tension
d) Membrane tension
Show Answer

Why does the free surface of a liquid at rest have additional potential energy?
a) Because of the extra energy required to maintain its shape.
b) Because of the high kinetic energy of the molecules at the surface.
c) Because of the tension in the free surface of the liquid.
d) Because of the gravitational potential energy of the liquid.
Show Answer

Which of the following could disrupt the spherical shape of a small liquid
quantity at rest in the absence of gravity?
a) Changes in temperature
b) Addition of a solute
c) Both A and B
d) None of the above
4.The graph shown below shows qualitatively the relation between the
stress and the strain as the deformation gradually increases. Within
Hooke’s limit for a certain region stress and strain relation is linear.
Beyond that up to a certain value of strain the body is still elastic and if
deforming forces are removed the body recovers its original shape.
1. If deforming forces are removed up to which point the curve will be
retraced?
(a) upto OA only
(b) upto OB
(c) upto C
(d) Never retraced its path
2. In the above question, during loading and unloading the force exerted
by the material are conservative up to
(a) OA only
(b) OB only
(c) OC only
(d) OD only
3. During unloading beyond B, say C, the length at zero stress in now
equal to
(a) less than original length
(b) greater than original length
(c) original length
(d) can’t be predicted
4. The breaking stress for a wire of unit cross-section is called
(a) yield point
(b) elastic fatigue
(c) tensile strength
(d) Young’s modulus
5. Substances which can be stretched to cause large strains are called
(a) isomers
(b) plastomers
(c) elastomers
(d) polymers
. Directions:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct
explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of the assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If the assertion and reason both are false.
.5. Assertion : It is easier to spray water in which some soap is
dissolved.
Reason : Soap is easier to spread.
:6.Asssertion. The angle of contact of a liquid decrease with increase
in temperature.
Reason : With increase in temperature, the surface tension of liquid
increase.
7;Assertion; A needle placed carefully on the surface of water may
float, whereas a ball of the same material will always sink.
Reason : The buoyancy of an object depends both on the material
and shape of the object.
8. Assertion : The shape of a liquid drop is spherical.
Reason : The pressure inside the drop is greater than that of outside

9.Define terminal velocity and write formula for it.

10. What is the Reynolds number?
11. What is gauge pressure at a point?
12. Define coefficient of viscosity of a liquid. what is the SI unit?
13 .
A 50 kg girl wearing high heel shoes balances on a single heel.
The heel is circular with a diameter 1.0 cm. What is the pressure
exerted by the heel on the horizontal floor?
14. The blood pressure in humans is greater at the feet than at the
brain.why?

15.Define Bernoulli Theorem and derive the formula for it .