2.

CALCIUM NITRATE
Preliminary Test
S. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
N
O
1. Colour: The colour of salt is noted White May be due to
absence of Cu2+,
Fe2+, Ni2+, Co2+
2. Smell: Take a pinch of salt between No characteristic Absence of NH4+, ion
your fingers and rub it with drop of smell or CH3COO- ion.
water
3. Action of Heat : Take a small Brown colour gas May be presence of
amount of salt in dry test tube and evolves. NO3- ion
strongly heat
4. Flame Test: Take a small amount of Brick red flame is May be Ca2+ ion.
salt in watch glass and add conc. observed
HCl to make a paste that is exposed
through a glass rod in non luminous
flame
5. ASH Test: Take a salt in test tube No characteristic Absence of Zn2+ ,
add one or two drops of HNO3 and flame is observed Mg2+, Al3+ ions.
then Cobalt nitrate solution. Filter
paper dipped in it and burnt.

6. Action of NaOH : Take a salt in a No characteristic Absence of NH4+

test tube add NaOH solution and gas evolves. salt.
heat.

Identification of Acid Radical

7. Action of dilute H2SO4 : No characteristic Absence of CO32-,

Take a little amount of salt in a reaction. CH3COO- ions.
test tube add dilute H2SO4.
8. Action of conc. H2SO4: Reddish brown gas NO3- May be
Take a little amount of salt in a with pungent odour present.
test tube add conc. H2SO4. is evolved.
i) Manganase di oxide test: No characteristic Absence of Cl-, Br-
Mix a pinch of salt with a pinch of reaction. ions.
MnO2 and add 3 to 4 drops of conc.
H2SO4 and heat the mixture.
ii) Action of conc H2SO4 with Reddish brown Presence of nitrate
Copper tunings: Take a small vapours are evolved. ion.
amount of salt add copper tunings ,
conc. H2SO4 and heat strongly.
9. Action of BaCl2 test : Add BaCl2 White precipitate is Absence of CO32-
solution to salt solution. not formed. ,SO42- ions.
10. Ammonium molybdate test: Canary yellow Absence of PO43-
To the salt solution add conc. precipitate is not ion
H2SO4 and Ammonium molybdate formed
 Confirmation test for the Acid radical
Preparation of water extract(W.E) : Water extract is prepared by dissolving 1-2 gram
of given salt in 10 – 15 ml distilled water in a boiling test tube, this solution is called
Water Extract(W.E).
Confirmation Test for Nitrate ion (NO3- )
S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Action of conc H2SO4 with Reddish brown Presence of nitrate
Copper tunings: Take a small vapours are ion.
amount of salt add copper evolved.
tunings, conc. H2SO4 and heat
strongly.
2. Brown ring test: To the salt Brown ring is NO3- ion is confirmed
solution (WE) add freshly prepared formed at the
Ferrous sulphate solution, then junction of two
add conc. H2SO4 along the sides layers
of the test tube dropwise.
Identification of Group cation (Basic Radical)
Preparation of original solution: Take a small amount of salt in a clean boiling tube
and add a few ml of Water and shake it, till the salt is dissolved and is taken as Original
solution(O.S).

S.NO GROUP EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. I Add dilute HCl to the No White Absence of I -group
original solution precipitate is (Pb2+)
formed
2. II O.S + dilute HCl + H2S No Black ppt. is Absence of II -
formed group(Cu2+)
3. III O.S is saturated with solid No characteristic Absence of III -
NH4Cl and then add excess ppt. is
if formed. group(Al3+ , Fe2+)
NH4OH.
4. IV O.S + NH4Cl + NH4OH + No characteristic Absence of IV – group
H2S ppt.is
if formed. ions(Co2+ , Ni2+ )
5. V O.S + NH4Cl + NH4OH + White ppt. is Presence of V – group
(NH4)2 CO3 formed ions(Ba2+, Ca2+ , Sr2+)
GROUP SEPARATION
Confirmation test for Ca2+ (V group)
S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Add Ammonium oxalate White ppt. is Ca2+ ion is
solution to the O.S formed confirmed
2. Flame Test: Take a small Brick red flame is Ca2+ ion is
amount of salt in watch glass formed confirmed
and add conc. HCl to make a
paste that is exposed through a
glass rod in non -luminous
flame.
RESULT: The given simple salt contains
1. Anion : Nitrate ion (NO3-)
2. Cation : Calcium ion Ca2+
3. Salt : Calcium Nitrate [Ca(NO3)2]