Luthfan Abel Alghifary – 20410800

1. Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas (UUPT), terutama Pasal 109
sampai dengan Pasal 111.
Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha
Tidak Sehat (UU Antimonopoli), terutama Pasal 28 sampai dengan Pasal 30.
Peraturan Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha Nomor 3 Tahun 2019 tentang Penilaian Terhadap
Penggabungan atau Peleburan Badan Usaha dan Pengambilalihan Saham Perusahaan Yang Dapat
Mengakibatkan Terjadinya Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat

2. Consolidation: A consolidation is a combination of more than one business entity; however, an

entirely new entity is created. (Company A + Company B = Company C). Acquisition: An
acquisition is the purchase of a business entity, entities, an asset, or assets. A merger is an
agreement that unites two existing companies into one new company.

3. Notification obligations for acquisitions and mergers vary greatly depending on the
jurisdiction. Here's a general overview:

Purpose:
Promote competition by allowing regulatory authorities to review transactions with
potential anti-competitive effects.
Ensure transparency and accountability in business dealings.
Protect creditors and other stakeholders.
Triggering events:
Crossing certain financial thresholds (e.g., asset value, turnover)
Acquisition of a certain percentage of voting securities.

4.

5. No, not every merger, acquisition, and consolidation violates competition law.
Competition laws exist to prevent anti-competitive practices that harm consumers and
stifle innovation. They generally focus on prohibiting transactions that:
Substantially lessen competition: This means the transaction significantly reduces the number of
competitors in a market, leading to higher prices, lower quality, and less choice for consumers.
Create or enhance market power: This means the transaction allows one or more companies to
exert undue influence over a market, allowing them to act anti-competitively.
Lead to coordinated anti-competitive behavior: This means the transaction creates an
environment where it is easier for companies to collude and engage in price fixing, market
allocation, and other harmful practices.