Shipboard Safety Training Manual

Safety Culture

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Shipboard Safety Training Manual

The Shipboard Safety Training Manual aims to provide all employees with
policies and information concerning safety and health. This manual is
establishing a permanent reference system by which employees are assisted and
guided in dealing with safety prevention and awareness issues.

The control of accidental injury or loss through

the reduction or elimination of exposure to risks
or risk-taking.
Definition of safety.

The shipping company's primary objective is to ensure that each vessel is

operated as safely and efficiently as possible. Success in meeting this objective
depends on the quality of the crew’s training and experience. All supervisors
must recognize the need for constant attention to safety.

Safety is an integral part of Log

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responsibility for the prevention ofainjuries
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will form positive safety attitudes that are useful on or off the job. Together with
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sound practices, those attitudes must become as much a part of the job
Shipboard Safety Training Manual
performance as other basic skill requirements.

The Shipping Company continues to provide effective, efficient, and economical

services for its customers with safe working conditions for its employees by
sustaining a constant company-wide safety program to eliminate accidents.

Through the Shipboard Safety Training Manual and other manuals provided
onboard, the SMS program tries to cover all aspects of safety procedures,
including instructions and training on safety, inspections, drills, accident
reporting, safety meetings, and safety controls. Each Master, department head,
and crew member onboard the ship has a personal responsibility for safety, not
only for the ship or themselves but also for their shipmates. A crew member's
greatest effort and objective should be the prevention of personal injuries.

Shipboard Safety Program

Each Shipping Company has implemented the Safety Management System (SMS)
to enhance safe operation and pollution prevention aboard its vessels. The
shipboard safety program relies on four main points for the enhancement of
shipboard safety. These points include:

Training of personnel before they receive employment.

Adherence by personnel to policies, procedures, and work instructions.

Familiarization of crewmembers with the vessel and their duties, upon

their arrival.

Conducting drills, training exercises, and safety meetings during their

employment.

An accident is an undesired event that results in harm to people, damage to

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property, or damage to the environment. Harm
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or illness. Injuries and illnesses result
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in injuries or illnesses. Injuries caused by the delivery of energy over local or
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whole-body injury thresholds include the following possible types of energy and
Shipboard Safety Training Manual
injury types:

Mechanical: Body breaks, crushing, or cuts as a result of the impact of

falling or moving objects.

Thermal: First, second, or third-degree burns.

Electrical: Electrocution or burns.

Chemical: Injuries from chemical burns.

An incident (also referred to as a near accident or near-miss) is similar to an

accident but does not result in injury, damage, or loss of life. Safety is the control
of accidental loss. This refers to both preventing accidents and keeping losses to a
minimum when accidents do occur. Safety is also defined as "the control of
accidental injury or loss through the reduction or elimination of exposure to risks
or risk-taking" It also relates to the function of control in the management
system.

The immediate causes of accidents are frequently substandard acts (behaviours

that could permit an accident) and substandard conditions (circumstances that
could permit an accident). Using the above information, health hazards aboard
ships can be described as substandard acts or substandard conditions. If the
conditions are part of the everyday working environment (for example chemicals
that are carcinogenic or burn), then this is a recognized hazard that must be
neutralized or dealt with to prevent injury or illness. To prevent a loss from a
health hazard, we must identify personal factors and job factors. The following
are basic causes of loss due to personal factors:

Inadequate physical/physiological capability.

Physical or physiological stress.

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Inadequate leadership, maintenance, and work standards are key causes of work-
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related loss. Once the immediate and basic causes have been identified,
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management actions seek to prioritize the causes and then to:
 Train the causes away (Training),
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Tolerate low probability causes (Evaluation),

Terminate the causes.

Events (incidents) investigated always have multiple causes that are substandard
acts or conditions. Shipboard Safety and Loss Control is a Line Management
function. This means that company policy is defined and understood and then
executed by the Senior Officers aboard the ship. The examples set by Senior
Officers affect how the crew will approach and handle any job. If the officers are
aware that they must set an example in making safety the priority in any
situation, then the crew will respond accordingly.

Accidents are a result of multiple causes, most of the time. For example, if a crew
member injured his or her eye while using a grinding wheel, any of the following
might have caused the injury: The result is that someone was injured and that it
might have been prevented if the overall system of safety and control of crew
working conditions had been monitored more closely.

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 Crew members onboard carrying out training. Photo: Jörgen Språng
Shipboard Safety Training Manual

Training and Drills

The Master is responsible for ensuring that all vessel crew members are trained
and drilled in their emergency response duties. The crew recreation room, crew
mess room, officer recreation room, and officer mess room are fitted with the
approved SOLAS Training Manuals to familiarize the crew with the specific
equipment fitted to, and procedures applicable to, the specific vessel on which
they serve. When there is a turnover of 25% of the crew, an all-hands fire and boat
drill meeting must be carried out.

The Master, Chief Engineer, Chief Mate, and First Assistant Engineer are
responsible for planning and executing training sessions and drills with
demonstrations, as appropriate, in which the crew perform their duties
simulating various scenarios “Emergency Response Training Simulations.” In
planning the training scenarios, certain drills are required by regulations and
must be complied with within the time frame requirements. Each vessel retains a
library of the below-listed scenarios tailored for their specific vessel. The
following training scenarios, drills, and simulations are the minimum conducted
by each vessel:

Fire,

Life-Saving and Survival at Sea.

Emergency Communications.

Medical.

The protocol for such drills is developed by the vessel’s Senior Officers and
maintained in an emergency drill file catalogue. All listed training scenarios are
conducted within a 6-month cycle unless otherwise specified by SOLAS. An entry
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is made in the Deck Log that noneed
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Deck Log. The safe execution of all drills on board the ship is paramount. Drills
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should not only test equipment, but also instruct, train, and test the crew in their
Shipboard Safety Training Manual
knowledge and use of all safety and SOPEP equipment.

Drills should not be restricted to the official weekly event. Every officer when
possible should conduct discussions of emergency procedures. He should ask his
watch members to describe how they would respond to situations such as a man
overboard or Abandon Ship, an Oil Spill, Fires in various locations, or Vessel
security scenarios.

Safety Management System Manual

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