Model Police System

• Continental Policing- traditional in nature base its efficiency in the number of arrests
and people put into jail.

• Modern Policing System – the measurement of efficiency and effectiveness is based on

the absence of crime or low crime rate.

THE MODEL POLICE

• Switzerland – there sir no crime in Switzerland. The Swiss police is effective in applying
the iron fist, velvet glove approach towards criminals. When a pop person commits a
crime, the Swiss government go on analyziang the family, education, and employment
needs in that poor person’s family and make a long term plan to help the person raise
his family out of poverty after he has served his sentence.

• Japan Police – they implement the KOBAN system also known as Police Box or Pillbox; it
was adopted in Indonesia, Brazil and Honduras through JICA (Japan International
Cooperation Agency) and a model system of police cops on the blocks or COMPAC in the
country.

• Ireland Police – they are the guardian of the Peace of Ireland. Is responsible for all
aspects of civil policing both in tress of territorial policing and in the policing of
infrastructure and the manly territorial police force in the republic.

• Egypt Police – the Siwa Oasis has recorded a zero crime rate place in Egypt despite of
conflicts between eleven tribes residing in area in which they practice the moderate
form of Islamic justice and are the best example of folk communal or informal justice
system.

• Saudi Arabia- is a typical model of centralized coordinated police force, with a singular
line of command emanating from the King. Both Minister of interior and Director of
Public Safety are appointed by the King and both are usually senior member of the
King’s family itself. The police known as Public Security Police is responsible for general
policing throughout the country and derives its authority from executive Orders and the
Shariah.

• China- is another model of Singular Coordinated Police Force. The ministry of Public
Security (MPS) is a functional organization under the state council in charge of public
 security work nationwide and are set in provinces and autonomous regions,
metropolitan public security bureaus are set in direct municipalities.

• France – is a typical example of police force with multiple coordinated centralized force.
It has two (2) national law enforcement agencies, police nationale formerly called the
surete a civilian force; primary responsibility in urban areas run under tee ministry of
the Interior.

Gendarmerie nationale. A primary responsibility in rural areas and military installations run
under the ministry of defense and under operational control for most purposes of the ministry
of the interior.

French municipalities may also have local police called the police municipale; garde municipael
or garde champere with restricted powers, they can only enforce the municipal by laws.

Spain- is a typical example of a multiple uncoordinated centralized police force. Policing

system is based on the on the principle of Policing by Laws . There is more than one police force
in the country, but the top both these forces report to the same authority. It has a national
police which is a civilian force and operates basically in urban areas. The guardia civil which is a
military force POLIS and operates mainly in rural areas in which the local communities have
either units of police forces attached to their executives or their own police forces.

United States of America (USA) there is no national police in the US, where policing is
organized on a state and local basis.

500,000 police officers and a total of 40,000 separate police forces.

Half of which are simply one or two-man sheriff’s offices in small town.

There are regular fulltime police officers, many towns have auxiliary, part-time police officers,
special duty and volunteer sheriff’s posses (assist sheriff’s offices in some areas).

Law enforcement in US is decentralized.

Federal authorities deal with violations of federal laws that fall within their specific jurisdictions.

There are approximately 65 different federal police agencies.

At local level, each of the 50 sovereign states has its own state legislature that enacts criminals
statutes under their state constitutions.
Most of the US states have local police at all levels- municipal, county and state level.

Primary responsibility of policing is at local level and state level officials have only specific
duties.

Police in India – tops the number of Police men in the world countries with 1,032,960 police
personnel. USA has the second largest police force in the world with 941,139 police officers.
Indian model of police organization is an example for a multiple unorganized decentralized
policing. In sharp contrast to the British principle of policing by consent, India follows policing
by law. Each state has its own police force, whose top echelons are filled by officers of Indian
police service, which is a central service. Many analysts have commented that the Indian Police
Act, 1861, which was brought into force immediately after the first war if Indian independence
in 1857 was based on distrust if Indian officials and was aimed at ensuring strict control over
the Indian population. Even after attaining independence, successive governments did not try
to change this basic character of Indian police force.

Other enforcement system

Police detective – are responsible for investigation and detective work. Detectives may be
called investigating police, judiciary/judicial police, and criminal police. In the UK, they are often
referred to by the name of their department, the criminal investigation department (CID).

Detectives, in contrast to uniform police, typically wear ‘business attire’ in bureaucratic and
investigative functions where a uniformed presence would be either a distraction or
intimidating, but a need to establish police authority still exists.

Other enforcement system

Police detective – are responsible for investigation and detective work. Detectives may be
called investigating police, judiciary/judicial police, and criminal police. In the UK, they are often
referred to by the name of their department, the criminal investigation department (CID).

Detectives, in contrast to uniform police, typically wear ‘business attire’ in bureaucratic and
investigative functions where a uniformed presence would be either a distraction or
intimidating, but a need to establish police authority still exists.

In some case, police are assigned to work “undercover”, where they conceal their police
identity to investigate crimes, such as organized crime or narcotics crime, that are unsolvable
by other means.
Despite popular conceptions promoted by movies and television, many US police departments
prefer not to maintain officers in non-patrol bureaus and divisions beyond a certain period of
time, such as in the detective bureau, and instead maintain policies that limit service in such
divisions to a specified period of time, after which officers must transfer out or return to patrol
duties.

Auxiliary – police may also take on auxiliary administrative duties, such as issuing firearms
licenses. The extent that police have these functions varies among countries, with police in
France, Germany, and other continental European countries handling such tasks to a greater
extent than British counterparts.

Specialized unit – they are specialized preventive and detective groups exist within many
enforcement organizations either for dealing with particular types of crimes, such as traffic law
enforcement and crash investigation, homicide, or fraud; or for situations requiring specialized
skills, such as underwater search, aviation, explosive device disposal (“bomb squad”), and
computer crime.

Transnational policing – the term transnational policing entered into use in the mid-1990s as s
description for forms of policing that transcended the boundaries of the sovereign nation state
(Sheptycki, 1995).

Transnational policing pertains to all those forms for policing that, in some sense transgress
national borders.

Transnational policing – the term transnational policing entered into use in the mid-1990s as s
description for forms of policing that transcended the boundaries of the sovereign nation state
(Sheptycki, 1995).

Transnational policing pertains to all those forms for policing that, in some sense transgress
national borders.

Japan police system

“Keihoryo” – Japanese police bureau created within the ministry of home affairs.

National Public Safety Commission is a government body responsible to the administrative

supervision of the police in Japan.

It is composed of the chairman and five members.

National Police Agency of Japan is headed by a commissioner-general who is appointed and
dismissed by the National Public safety commission with the consent of the Prime Minister.

National Police Agency (NPA) organization consists of:

.commissioner-general secretariat

.police administration bureau, criminal investigation bureau

.safety department

.security bureau

.communication bureau

Duties of the National Police Agency

. planning and research of various systems relating to the police

.natioanal budget related to the police

.operation of police forces in the event of incidents affecting public peace and order on a
national scale, such as a large-scale disasters and disturbances.

.formulation and implementation of plans to cope with and emergency situation

.traffic control on trunk highways across the country

.international investigative assistance and emergency aid activities

.imperial guard

.maintenance and management of police educational institutes a d other matters pertaining to

police education/police communication facilities and other matters pertaining to police
communication/criminal identification facilities and other matters pertaining to criminal
identification

.criminal statistics

.police equipment
.standards pertaining to recruitment, duties and activities of police personnel/adjustments
pertaining to police administration/inspection of maters refloating to responsibilities of the NPA

.NPA assists the National Public safety commission in its duties as provided by law.

Regional Police Bureaus is headed by the Director General and the NPA maintains regional
police bureaus as its local organizations to carry out part of its functions. There are seven (7)
bureaus in the major cities of Japan except Tokyo and Hokkaido.

Tokyo is under the jurisdiction of Metropolitans Police Department.

Hokkaido is under the jurisdiction of Prefectural Police.

It has three (3) departments –

1. Police administration department,

2. Security department and

3. Escort department.

• Japan National Police Agency Ranks

• The Commissioners General (five gold rising sun)

• The Superintendent General of the MPD (four gold rising sun)

• Superintendent supervisor(Keishikan)

• Chief Superintendent (Keishicho)

• Senior Superintendent (Keishise

• Superintendent (Keishi)

• Police Inspector (keibu)

• Assistant Inspectors (Keibuho)

• Polices Sergeant (Junsabucho)

• Senior Policeman (Junsacho)

• Policeman (Junsa)
 Singapore Police Force (SPF)

• Is the main agency tasked with maintaining law and order in Singapore. It is formerly
known as the Republic of Singapore Police and has grown from an 11- man organization
to a 38,587 strong force.

• It enjoys a relatively positive public image and is credited for helping to arrest
Singapore’s civic unrests and lawlessness in its early years, and maintaining the low
crtime rate today despite having a smaller police-citizen ration compared to other major
cities.

• Singapore has been rank co9nsistently in the dot five positions in the global
competitiveness report in terms’ of its relialbility of police services The SPF six under the
control and Supervision of the Ministry of Home Affairs. This ministry of the
government of Singapore is responsible for the public safety, civil defense and
immigration and known as the Home Team and is headed by the Minister for Home
Affairs.

• Home Team Academy (HTA) is the training institute for various organizations of the
Minsitry of Home affairs in Singapore, inclining Singapore police force, the Singapore
Civill Defense Force, the Central Narcotics Bureau, the Singapore Prison Service, the
Immigration and Checkpoints Authority, and internal Security Department. It has two(2)
organizational structure the staff department and line functions.

• Singapore Police Officer Ranks (Commissioned Officers)

• Commissioner of Police, Deputy commissioner of Police, Senior assistant commissioner,

Assistant commissioner, deputy assistant commissioner, superintendent, deputy
superintendent, assistant superintended, chief Inspector and inspector.

Non- Commissioned Officers

• Senior Station Inspector 2, Senior Station Inspector, station Inspector, Senior staff
Sergeant, Staff Sergeant, sergeant, Corporal, Special Constable and constable.
The Royal Hong Kong Police Force (HKP)

Is the finest police agency and first to operate with modern policing system in the world,
known and recognized for its professionalism, organization, attitude on law enforcement
and prompt response and efficiency in crime solutions.

Is one of the best police force in the world and is under the supervision and control of the
security Bureau of Hong Kong.

Security Bureau is responsible for a range of activities, including law enforcement, search an
rescue and as minister various laws in relation to the security of Hong Kong.

It is commanded by the commissioner of Police, who is assisted by two deputy

commissioners for Operations and Management.

It is organized into six regions. Hong Kong Island, Kowloon Ears, Kowloon West, New
Territories North and South, Marine Region.

Its headquarters (management) is made up of 5 departments. - .Operations and support.

Crime and Security. Personnel and Training.; Management services and finance,
administration and planning.

Regions are largely autonomous in their day-to-day operation and management matter, and
each has its own headquarters, which comprises administration and operation wings,
emergency units, as well as traffic and criminal investigation units. Each region is divided
into districts and divisions and in a few cases sub-divisions.

A. Operations and support – charged with the formulation and implementation of policies,
the monitoring of activities and the efficient deployment of personnel and resources.

Operations: The operations Wing consists and resources.

a. Operations division,

b. Counter-terrorism and internal security division, and the

c. Key points and search division – includes the police dog unit.

These three divisions altogether contain the following formations:

• Operations formation
 a.) Regional command and control centre provides the means for exercising control over
resources both at regional and district levels.

b.) Emergency unit comprises the ordinary uniformed policemen.

• Administration formation: implements policies laid down by the regional commander

and is responsible for the region’s general administration

• Crime formation: investigates serious and inter- district crimes.

• Traffic branch headquarters: tasked with traffic control, enforcement of traffic

legislation and regulations, investigation of traffic accidents, promotion of road safety,
and implementing force and regional traffic policies

• Support Wings: overseas the execution and staffing of operational support matters,
including the formulations of operational policies for both the regular and Hong Kong
auxiliary police force and for updating kit and equipment.

• Support Wing Branches

• Traffic Branch Headquarters- it is responsible for formulating force priorities,policies and

procedure on matters related to traffic; coordinating their implementation and
monitoring their effects . It processes all traffic prosecutions such as the processing of
traffic summons and fixed penalty tickets. It also collects and maintains traffic- related
data such as monitoring the changes in traffic legislation.

• Support Branch is divided into five divisions:

1. Field Division- it is responsible for coordinating policy matters relating to firearms,

equipment, uniforms and operational procedures.

2. General Division- handles policy matters relating to station procedures and the
security and management of the Police Headquarters.

3. Transport Division- it is responsible for the management and deployment of the

Force fleet of approximately 2,400 vehicles, driver establishment and the acquisition of
new police vehicles. It also administers all policy matters relating to police transport
requirement.

4. Force Data and Access to Information Co-ordination Unit- it is responsible for

coordinating the Force response to devising internal policy on and ensuring compliance
with the provisions of Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance and the Code on Access to
Information.
 5. Police Licensing Office- acts as the licensing authority for a number of licenses and
permits.

• Police Public Relations Branch is responsible for maintaining a high level of public
confidence by robustly projecting a positive image of the Force through community and
media relations. It is divided into two branches:

o Community Relations Bureau

o The Information and Publicity Bureau

B. Crime and Security

Crime & Security Department is responsible for the force policy regarding the
investigation of crimes and matters of a security nature consisting of operational bureau
and specialized units.

The operational bureau deal with specific areas of criminal activity whereas the
specialized units provide support services to operational units in the force and deal with
policy matters on various issues including child abuse, domestic violence and witness
protection.

Security Wing provides VIP protection and security co-ordination, including

counterterrorism.

Organized Crime and Triad Bureau (OCTB): Investigates major organized and serious crime
including triad societies and their hierarchies.

Criminal Intelligence Bureau (CIB): It is the central coordinating body for intelligence.

Commercial Crime Bureau: Investigates serious commercial and business fraud, computer
crimes, forgery and counterfeiting and coordinates with international law enforcement for
the investigation of international commercial related crimes.

Narcotics Bureau: responsible for the investigation and intelligence gathering in involving
illegal drug activities.

Liaison Bureau: responsible for local and international police relations.

Crime prevention bureau: provides advisory security services to the government, commerce
and industry, and the public general.
C. Personnel wings and police college

Personnel wings – it is responsible for all matters relating to training within the Hong Kong
police.

D. Management services

Information systems – it has two branches and one bureau.

a. Communications branch – designs, acquires, examines and maintains all force

communications network and equipment.

b. Information technology branch – it is responsible for the planning, development,

implementation, operation and maintenance of information technology systems.

Business services bureau – it coordinates the business needs of the five departments of the
HKP.

Service quality – responsible for making initiatives to improve and implement quality
services.

E. Finance, Administration and planning

• Finance – it is responsible for the financial management, stores and internal audit of the
HKP.

• Administration – it is responsible for civilian staff, force establishment matters and the
management of the police museum.

• Planning and development branch (P&D) – it conducts strategic planning for the
maintenance, improvement and modernization of HKP.

Ranks and Insignia: the HKP continues to use similar ranks and insignia to those used in
British police forces.

The crest of the force was modified in 1997.

• Commissioner of the Police (CP)

• Deputy Commissioner of Police (DCP)

• Senior Assistant Commissioner of Police (SACP)

• Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP)

 • Chief Superintendent of Police (CSP)

• Senior Superintendent of Police (SPP)

• Superintendent of Police (SP)

• Chief Inspector of Police (CIP) (Insignia of a Captain)

• Senior Inspector of Police (SIP)

• Inspector of Police ( IP)

• Probationary Inspector of Police (PI)

• Station Sergeant (SSGT)

• Sergeant (SGT)

• Senior Constable (SPC)

• Police Constable (PC)

• The Royal Malaysian Police (RMP)

The Royal Malaysian Police is a centralized organization with responsibilities ranging from
traffic control to intelligence gathering headed by Inspector- General of Police (IGP). The force
is form in 1963 from the Royal Federation of Malayan Police (RFMP), the North Borneo Armed
Constabulary and the Sarawak Constabulary merged to form the Royal Malaysian Police.

RMP Support Group

• Extra Police Constables,

• Police Volunteer Reserves,

• Auxiliary Police,

• Police Cadets and

• Civilian Service Element.

Rakan Cop (Friends of Cops) – is a community police corps lunched by the RMP on August 9 ,
2005 to help combat crime in the city and any situations around Malaysia.

Ministry of Home affairs- It has the supervision and control over the RMP.
RMP Organizations

Administrative

A. Management Department- It is tasked with the routine of management and administration

affairs of the RMP. It is the nerve centre of the RMP and acts as the support services platform
for the rest of the force.

B. Logistics Department- Responsible for the equipment needed by the RMP with the following
functions:

a.) Operate operating budget and RMP’s development

b.) Plan, manage, operate and maintain communication, information technology, transport and
weaponry

c.) Manage projects and maintain buildings and properties

d.) Manage turnover and supplies of general equipments/ RMP’s tech

e.) Manage RMP’s assets

Crime Prevention

A. Criminal Investigation Division- It deals with the investigation, arrest and prosecution of
crimes and also specialized in gambling, vice and secret societies (triads).

Functions

i. Investigations and Detective Duties

ii. Arrests and Prosecutions

iii. Enforcement of laws related to gambling, vice and secret societies

B. Narcotics Criminal Investigation Division- its function is to fight against dangerous drugs by
enforcing the law to stop and demand and supply of dangerous drugs.

C. Internal Security and Public Order Department (KDN / KA) – It is tasked with the maintenance
of public security and order. It is responsible for traffic control and search & rescue (SAR)
operations.

D. Special Branch- It is responsible for intelligence gathering for national security both domestic
and external threats, intercept subversive activities by extremist groups and individuals which
could threaten the nation’s stability.
E. Commercial Crime Investigation Department- Its main function is to investigate, arrest, and
prosecute offenders committing white collars crimes such as fraud, breach of trust, cyber-
crimes, forgery, counterfeiting etc.

F. Counter-Terrorism Special Operations Team- Tasked to gather intelligence data and arrest of
terrorist.

All departments are led by the directors with the rank of Commissioner of Police (Army
Equivalent rank of Three Stars General or Lieutenant- General)

• Police rank

• Senior Officers

• Gazette Officers

Commissioners

• Inspector General of Police (IGP)

• Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIGP)

• Commissioner of Police (CP)

• Deputy Commissioner of Police (DCP)

• Senior Deputy Commissioner of Police 1 (SAC 1)

• Senior Deputy Commissioner of Police 11 (SAC 11)

• Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP)

Superintendent

• Superintendent of Police (SP)

• Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP)

• Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP)

Non- Gazette Officers

• Inspectors

• Chief Inspector (C/INSP)

• Inspector (INSP)
 • Probationary Inspector (P/INSP)

Rank in File Officer

• Sub- Inspector (SI)

• Sergeant Major (SM)

• Sergeant (SGT)

• Corporal (CPL)

• Lance Corporal (L/CPL)

• Constable (PC)

• The Indonesian National Police

• The Indonesian National Police (KAPOLISIAN NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA) was

formerly a part of the Tentara Nasional Indonesia since its independence from the Dutch
and separated from the military in April 1999 and place under the Office of the
President, a process which was formally completed in July 2000.

Organization: Indonesian national Police (Polri) has a centralized command and divided into
territorial forces;

• Provincial police (Kepolisian Daerah or Polda)

• Regional police (Kepolisian Wilayah or polwil),

• City or regency police (Kepolisian Resort or Polres)

• Sub-district police (Kepolisian Sektor or Polsek).

Ranks of Indonesian National Police

High ranking officers

• Police General / Jenderal polisi(Jend. Pol.) – General

• Police Commissioner General / Komisaris Jenderal Polisi (Komjen Pol.) – Lieutenant

General

• Police Inspector General / Inspektur Jenderal Polisi (Irjen Pol.) – Mojor General

• Police Brigadier General / Brigadir Jenderal Polisi (Brigjen Pol.) – Brigadier General
Mid rank officers

• Police Grand Commissioner / Komisaris Besar Polisi (Kombespol) – Colonel

• Police Grand Commissioner Adjutant / Ajun Komaris Besar Polisi (AKBP) – Lieutenant
Colonel

• Police Commissioner / Komisaris Polisi (Kompol) – Major

Low rank officers

• Police Commissioner Adjutant / Ajun Komisaris Polisi (AKP) – Captain

• First Police Inspector / Inspektur Polisi Satu (Iptu) – First Lieutenant

• Second Police Inspector / Inspektur Polisi Dua (Ipda) – Second Lieutenant

Warrant officers

• First Police Inspector Adjutant / Ajun Inspektur Polisi Satu (Aiptu) – Chief Warrant
Officer

• Second Police Inspector Adjutant / Ajun Inspektur Polisi dua (Aipda) – Warrant Officers

Non-commissioned officers

• Chief Police Brigadier / Brigadir Polisi Kepala (Bripka) – Sergeant Major

• Police Brigadier / Brigadir Polisi (Brigadir) – Chief Sergeant

• First Police Officers / Brigadir Polisi Satu (Briptu) – First Sergeant

• Second Police / Brigadir Polisi Dua (Bripda) – Second Sergeant

Enlisted

• Police Brigadier Adjutant / Ajun Brigadir Polisi (Abrip) – Chief Corporal

• First police Brigadier Adjutant / Ajun Brigadir Polisi Satu (Abriptu) – First Corporal

• Second Police Brigadier Adjutant / Ajun Brigadir Polisi Dua (Abripda) – Second Corporal

• Chief Bhayangkara / Bhayangkara Kepala (Bharaka) – Chief Private

• First Bhayangkara / Bhayangkara Satu (Bharatu) – Private First Class

• Second Bhayangkara / Bhayangkara Dua (Bharada) – Private

The AUSTRALIAN FEDERAL POLICE

The Australian federal police (AFP) is the federal police agency of the commonwealth of
Australia created by the Amalgamation in 1979 of three commonwealth law enforcement
agencies.

The role of the AFP is to enforce criminal law and to protect commonwealth and national
interests from crime in Australia and overseas. The AFP is Australia’s international law
enforcement and policing representative, and the government’s chief source of advice on
policing issues.

Home Affairs Ministry – the agency responsible for the Australian federal police.

Current areas of focus for the AFP:

• Illicit drug trafficking

• Organized human trafficking

• Serious fraud against the government

• High tech crimes

• Transnational and multi-jurisdictional crime

• Money laundering

• Organized crime

• Anti – terrorism

• Titles and ranks

• AFP commissioner’s order 1(Administration) states that all members (police officers) are
titled federal agent, unless undertaking duties in ACT policing, external territories,
aviation, international deployment group (mission component only), where uniforms
worn.

• AFP commissioner’s order 1(Administration) states that every AFP member holds a rank
(as detailed below) with the corresponding title and role adopted.

• Commissioner

• Deputy commissioner
 • Assistant commissioner

• Commander

• Superintendent

• Inspector

• Station sergeant

• Senior sergeant

• Sergeant

• Senior constable

• 1st constable

• Constable

Note: constable to assistant commissioner is address as federal agent.

AFP uniform protection ) protective service officer ranks

• Protective service officer – PSO

• Protective service officer 1 – PSO1

• Protective service officer 2 – PSO2

• Senior protective service officer – SPSO

• Assistant inspector

• Superintendent

• Commander

US Police Force

• Law enforcement in the united states in one of three major components of the criminal
justice system, along with courts and corrections.

• Federal police – possess full federal authority as given to them under united states code
(U.S.C.).
 • Federal law enforcement officers are authorized to enforce various laws not only at the
federal level, but also state, country, and in many circumstances.

• The department of justice (DOJ) is responsible for most law enforcement duties at the
federal level. It includes the federal bureau of investigation (FBI),

• the drug enforcement agency (DEA),

• the bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms and explosives (ATF),

• the united states marshals service

• The department of homeland security (DHS) is another branch with numerous federal
law enforcement agencies reporting to it.

• U.S. customs and border protection (CBP),

• U.S. immigration and customs enforcement (ICE),

• U.S. secret service (USSA),

• U.S. coast guard (USCG), and

• Transportation security administration (TSA).

State police – are a police body unique to each U.S. state, having statewide authority to
conduct law enforcement activities and criminal investigations.

The state police is under a state department of public safety. Additionally, they may serve
under different state departments such as the highways patrol under the state department of
transportation and the marine patrol under the department of natural resources.

Country police

Country police tend to exist only in metropolitan countries and have countrywide jurisdiction.
8in some areas, there is a sheriff’s department which only handles minor issues such as service
of papers such as a constable in other area, along with security for the local courthouse.

Country police fall into three broad categories:

 • Full service – provide the full spectrum of police services to the entire country,
irrespective of local communities, and may provide contractual security police services
to special districts within the country.

a.Hawaii – Hawaii has only country police unincorporated areas of the country (and may
provide services to

• Limited service – provide services to unincorporated areas of the county and usually
contractual security police services to special districts.

• Restricted services- provide security police to county owned and operated facilities and
parks.

Country police fall into three broad categories:

• Full service – provide the full spectrum of police services to the entire country,
irrespective of local communities, and may provide contractual security police services
to special districts within the country.

a.Hawaii – Hawaii has only country police unincorporated areas of the country (and may
provide services to

• Limited service – provide services to unincorporated areas of the county and usually
contractual security police services to special districts.

• Restricted services- provide security police to county owned and operated facilities and
parks.

Municipal police- sometimes it is called the Marshall.

The US Police system is decentralized and every federal and state have different ranks.

This is the General Model of US police ranking system.

• Chief of police/ Police Commissioner/ Superintendent/ Sheriff

A. Police commissioner is used mainly by large metropolitan department

B. Chief of police is associated with small and medium-sized municipalities, appointed by mayor

C. Commissioner is the civilian official or member of the board of officials in charge of the
department while a “chief” ids the top uniformed officer answering to the commissioner or
commission.
• Assistant Chief/ Assistant Commissioner/ Assistant Superintendent/ Assistant Sheriff.
Only seen in some department.

• Deputy Chief/ Deputy Commissioner/ Deputy Superintendent/ Undersheriff. The top

lieutenant to the Chief of Police, commissioners may or may not have a specific area of
responsibility. Sometimes they are warden of county jail.

• Inspector/ Commander/ Colonel: sometime have an insignia of a Single Star, analogous

to Brigadier General, bit in other areas wear a gold or silver eagle, similar to a Colonel.

• A. “Inspector” is also used as a term “detective” in the San Francisco police department
and Chicago police department but is two ranks above captain in New York and in the
Philadelphia police department.

• B. In New York, inspectors command divisions, which may be groups of precincts within
a borough or specialized branches of the police service.

• C. The colonel rank is extremely rare and is only used in the Baltimore Police
Department.

• Major/ deputy inspector: sometimes have an insignia of a gold or silver Oak leaf, similar
to a major lieutenant colonel. In the Baltimore police department, New Orleans police
department, and Atlanta police department majors supervise police stations.

• Captain: two gold or silver bars. Often supervises a police station but can supervise
another division or unit in smaller departments and only certain sections of a police
station in larger departments. In NYC captains are the normal commanders of precincts.

• Lieutenant: a single gold or silver bar, who supervise two to three or more sergeants.
Lieutenant can supervise an entire watch shift of a police station r detective squad in
larger police departments and entire precincts police departments.

• Sergeant: three inverted chevrons, a police officer who supervises an entire watch shift
in smaller departments and areas of a precincts and individual detective squads in larger
departments.

• Detective/ Inspector/ Investigator: an investigatory specialist, usually working in plain

clothes.

• Officer/ Deputy/ Corporal: a regular officer/ deputy wears no rank insignia, and there
may be several specific situations.
 European Police Office

• Europo is the European Union’s criminal intelligence agency.

• As of 2007, Europol covers all 27 members states of the European Union. In order to
fight international organised crime effectively, Europol cooperates with a number of
third countries and organizations as follows: Albania, Australia, Bosnia, and Herzegovina,
Canada. CEPOL(European police college), Colombia, Croatia, Eurojust, European central
bank, European commission, European monitoring centre for drugs and drugs addiction,
republic of Macedonia, Frontex, Iceland, Interpol, Moldova, Norway, OLAF (European
anti-fraud office), Russian federation, Serbia, Switzerland, SitCen (EU joint situation
centre), turkey, united nations office on drugs and crime, USA, world customs
organization.

Functions

• Europol’s aim is to improve the effectiveness and co-operation between the component
authorities of the member states primarily by sharing and pooling intelligence to
prevent and combat serious international organized crime.

• Three different levels of co-operation are possible

• The first one is technical co-operation or to provide training

• The next step is strategic co-operation aimed at exchanging general trends in organized
crime and how to fight it and the exchange of threat assessments.

• The top level of co-operation includes the exchange of personal data and requires the
fulfillment of Europol’s standards in the field of data protection and data security.

Authorities

The directorate of Europol is appointed by the council of European Union. It currently

consist of Director Rob Wainwright of UK and deputy directions Tom Driessen of
Netherlands, Michel Quille of France and Eugenio Oralandi of Italy.

End